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González García MC, Radix C, Villard C, Breuzard G, Mansuelle P, Barbier P, Tsvetkov PO, De Pomyers H, Gigmes D, Devred F, Kovacic H, Mabrouk K, Luis J. Myotoxin-3 from the Pacific Rattlesnake Crotalus oreganus oreganus Venom Is a New Microtubule-Targeting Agent. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238241. [PMID: 36500334 PMCID: PMC9739105 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule targeting agents (MTA) are anti-cancer molecules that bind tubulin and interfere with the microtubule functions, eventually leading to cell death. In the present study, we used an in vitro microtubule polymerization assay to screen several venom families for the presence of anti-microtubule activity. We isolated myotoxin-3, a peptide of the crotamine family, and three isoforms from the venom of the Northern Pacific rattlesnake Crotalus oreganus oreganus, which was able to increase tubulin polymerization. Myotoxin-3 turned out to be a cell-penetrating peptide that slightly diminished the viability of U87 glioblastoma and MCF7 breast carcinoma cells. Myotoxin 3 also induced remodeling of the U87 microtubule network and decreased MCF-7 microtubule dynamic instability. These effects are likely due to direct interaction with tubulin. Indeed, we showed that myotoxin-3 binds to tubulin heterodimer with a Kd of 5.3 µM and stoichiometry of two molecules of peptide per tubulin dimer. Our results demonstrate that exogenous peptides are good candidates for developing new MTA and highlight the richness of venoms as a source of pharmacologically active molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Cecilia González García
- Institut Neurophysiopathol, INP, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Caroline Radix
- Institut Neurophysiopathol, INP, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Claude Villard
- Institut Neurophysiopathol, INP, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Gilles Breuzard
- Institut Neurophysiopathol, INP, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Mansuelle
- Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée (Marseille Protéomique), IMM (MaP), CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Pascale Barbier
- Institut Neurophysiopathol, INP, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Philipp O. Tsvetkov
- Institut Neurophysiopathol, INP, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Harold De Pomyers
- Laboratoire LATOXAN SAS, 845 Avenue Pierre Brossolette, 26800 Portes-lès-Valence, France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, ICR, Faculté des Sciences de Saint Jérôme, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - François Devred
- Institut Neurophysiopathol, INP, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Hervé Kovacic
- Institut Neurophysiopathol, INP, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Kamel Mabrouk
- Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, ICR, Faculté des Sciences de Saint Jérôme, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - José Luis
- Institut Neurophysiopathol, INP, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-4-91-32-47-34
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Ponce-López R, Neri-Castro E, Olvera-Rodríguez F, Sánchez EE, Alagón A, Olvera-Rodríguez A. Neutralization of crotamine by polyclonal antibodies generated against two whole rattlesnake venoms and a novel recombinant fusion protein. Toxicon 2021; 197:70-78. [PMID: 33894246 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Crotamine is a paralyzing toxin (MW: ~5 kDa) found in different proportions in some rattlesnake venoms (up to 62%). Mexican pit viper antivenoms have shown low immunoreactivity against crotamine, which is an urgent quality to be improved. The objective of this work was to evaluate the ability of a novel recombinant fusion protein composed of sphingomyelinase D and crotamine, and two whole venoms from Crotalus molossus nigrescens and C. oreganus helleri to produce neutralizing antibodies against crotamine. These immunogens were separately used for immunization procedures in rabbits. Then, we generated three experimental antivenoms to test their cross-reactivity via western-blot against crotamine from 7 species (C. m. nigrescens, C. o. helleri, C. durissus terrificus, C. scutulatus salvini, C. basiliscus, C. culminatus and C. tzabcan). We also performed pre-incubation neutralization experiments in mice to measure the neutralizing potency of each antivenom against crotamine induced hind limb paralysis. Our antivenoms showed broad recognition across crotamine from most of the tested species. Also, neutralization against crotamine paralysis symptom was successfully achieved by our three antivenoms, albeit with different efficiencies. Our results highlight the use of crotamine enriched venoms and our novel recombinant fusion protein as promising immunogens to improve the neutralizing potency against crotamine for the improvement of Mexican antivenoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Ponce-López
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C.P. 62210, Mexico
| | - Edgar Neri-Castro
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C.P. 62210, Mexico
| | - Felipe Olvera-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C.P. 62210, Mexico
| | - Elda E Sánchez
- National Natural Toxins Research Center (NNTRC) and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX, USA
| | - Alejandro Alagón
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C.P. 62210, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Olvera-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C.P. 62210, Mexico.
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