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Martin NR, Patel R, Kossack ME, Tian L, Camarillo MA, Cintrón-Rivera LG, Gawdzik JC, Yue MS, Nwagugo FO, Elemans LMH, Plavicki JS. Proper modulation of AHR signaling is necessary for establishing neural connectivity and oligodendrocyte precursor cell development in the embryonic zebrafish brain. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1032302. [PMID: 36523606 PMCID: PMC9745199 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1032302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-[p]-dioxin (TCDD) is a persistent global pollutant that exhibits a high affinity for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a ligand activated transcription factor. Epidemiological studies have associated AHR agonist exposure with multiple human neuropathologies. Consistent with the human data, research studies using laboratory models have linked pollutant-induced AHR activation to disruptions in learning and memory as well as motor impairments. Our understanding of endogenous AHR functions in brain development is limited and, correspondingly, scientists are still determining which cell types and brain regions are sensitive to AHR modulation. To identify novel phenotypes resulting from pollutant-induced AHR activation and ahr2 loss of function, we utilized the optically transparent zebrafish model. Early embryonic TCDD exposure impaired embryonic brain morphogenesis, resulted in ventriculomegaly, and disrupted neural connectivity in the optic tectum, habenula, cerebellum, and olfactory bulb. Altered neural network formation was accompanied by reduced expression of synaptic vesicle 2. Loss of ahr2 function also impaired nascent network development, but did not affect gross brain or ventricular morphology. To determine whether neural AHR activation was sufficient to disrupt connectivity, we used the Gal4/UAS system to express a constitutively active AHR specifically in differentiated neurons and observed disruptions only in the cerebellum; thus, suggesting that the phenotypes resulting from global AHR activation likely involve multiple cell types. Consistent with this hypothesis, we found that TCDD exposure reduced the number of oligodendrocyte precursor cells and their derivatives. Together, our findings indicate that proper modulation of AHR signaling is necessary for the growth and maturation of the embryonic zebrafish brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R. Martin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Ratna Patel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Michelle E. Kossack
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Lucy Tian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Manuel A. Camarillo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Layra G. Cintrón-Rivera
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Joseph C. Gawdzik
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, WI, United States,Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Monica S. Yue
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, WI, United States,Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Favour O. Nwagugo
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Loes M. H. Elemans
- Division of Toxicology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jessica S. Plavicki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States,*Correspondence: Jessica S. Plavicki,
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Role of miR-653 and miR-29c in downregulation of CYP1A2 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Pharmacol Rep 2021; 74:148-158. [PMID: 34780054 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-021-00338-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major contributor to the worldwide cancer burden. Recent studies on HCC have demonstrated dramatic alterations in expression of several cytochrome P450 (CYP) family members that play a crucial role in biotransformation of many drugs and other xenobiotics; however, the mechanisms responsible for their deregulation remain unclear. METHODS We investigated a potential involvement of miRNAs in downregulation of expression of CYPs observed in HCC tumors. We compared miRNA expression profiles (TaqMan Array Human MicroRNA v3.0 TLDA qPCR) between HCC human patient tumors with strong (CYP-) and weak/no (CYP+) downregulation of drug-metabolizing CYPs. The role of significantly deregulated miRNAs in modulation of expression of the CYPs and associated xenobiotic receptors was then investigated in human liver HepaRG cells transfected with relevant miRNA mimics or inhibitors. RESULTS We identified five differentially expressed miRNAs in CYP- versus CYP+ tumors, namely miR-29c, miR-125b1, miR-505, miR-653 and miR-675. The two most-upregulated miRNAs found in CYP- tumor samples, miR-29c and miR-653, were found to act as efficient suppressors of CYP1A2 or AHR expression. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed a novel role of miR-653 and miR-29c in regulation of expresion of CYPs involved in crucial biotransformation processes in liver, which are often deregulated during liver cancer progression.
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Traboulsi H, de Souza AR, Allard B, Haidar Z, Sorin M, Moarbes V, Fixman ED, Martin JG, Eidelman DH, Baglole CJ. Differential Regulation of the Asthmatic Phenotype by the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor. Front Physiol 2021; 12:720196. [PMID: 34744763 PMCID: PMC8566992 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.720196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that regulates the metabolism of xenobiotics. There is growing evidence that the AhR is implicated in physiological processes such proliferation, differentiation, and immune responses. Recently, a role of the AhR in regulating allergic asthma has been suggested, but whether the AhR also regulates other type of asthma, particularly occupational/irritant-induced asthma, remains unknown. Using AhR-deficient (Ahr−/−) mice, we compared the function of the AhR in the response to ovalbumin (OVA; allergic asthma) vs. chlorine (Cl2; irritant-induced asthma) exposure. Lung inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness were assessed 24h after exposure to Cl2 or OVA challenge in Ahr−/− and heterozygous (Ahr+/−) mice. After OVA challenge, absence of AhR was associated with significantly enhanced eosinophilia and lymphocyte influx into the airways of Ahr−/− mice. There were also increased levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-5 in the airways. However, OVA-induced airway hyperresponsiveness was not affected. In the irritant-induced asthma model caused by exposure to Cl2, the AhR did not regulate the inflammatory response. However, absence of AhR reduced Cl2-induced airway hyperresponsiveness. Collectively, these results support a differential role for the AhR in regulating asthma outcomes in response to diverse etiological agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Traboulsi
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Angela Rico de Souza
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Benoit Allard
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Zahraa Haidar
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mark Sorin
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vanessa Moarbes
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elizabeth D Fixman
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - James G Martin
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David H Eidelman
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Linnenkamp BDW, Raskin S, Esposito SE, Herai RH. A comprehensive analysis of AHRR gene as a candidate for cleft lip with or without cleft palate. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2020; 785:108319. [PMID: 32800270 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2020.108319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cleft lip and palate (CL/P) is among the most common congenital malformations and affects 1 in 700 newborns. CL/P is caused by genetic and environmental factors (maternal smoking, alcohol or drug use and others). Many genes and loci were associated with cleft lip/palate but the amount of heterogeneity justifies identifying new causal genes and variants. AHRR (Aryl-Hydrocarbon Receptor Repressor) gene has recently been related to CL/P however, few functional studies analyze the genotypephenotype interaction of AHRR with CL/P. Several studies associate the molecular pathway of AHRR to CL/P which indicates this gene as a functional candidate in CL/P etiology. METHODS Systematic Literature Review was performed using PUBMED database with the keywords cleft lip, cleft palate, orofacial cleft, AHRR and synonyms. SLR resulted in 37 included articles. RESULTS AHRR is a positional and functional candidate gene for CL/P. In silico analysis detected interactions with other genes previously associated to CL/P like ARNT and CYP1A1. AHRR protein regulates cellular toxicity through TCDD mediated AHR pathway. Exposure to TCDD in animal embryos is AHR mediated and lead to cleft palate due to palate fusion failure and post fusion rupture. AHRR regulates cellular growth and differentiation, fundamental to lip and palatogenesis. AHRR decreases carcinogenesis and recently a higher tumor risk has been described in CL/P patients and families. AHRR is also a smoking biomarker due to changed methylation sites found in smokers DNA although folate intake may partially revert these methylation alterations. This corroborates the role of maternal smoking and lack of folate supplementation as risk factors for CL/P. CONCLUSION This research identified the importance of AHRR in dioxin response and demonstrated an example of genetic and environmental interaction, indispensable in the development of many complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Domit Werner Linnenkamp
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Salmo Raskin
- School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Selene Elifio Esposito
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Roberto Hirochi Herai
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Research Department, Lico Kaesemodel Institute (ILK), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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Abbaspour Sani N, Hasani M, Kianmehr A, Mohammadi S, Sheikh Arabi M, Yazdani Y. Enhanced nuclear translocation and activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in THP-1 monocytic cell line by a novel niosomal formulation of indole-3-carbinol. J Liposome Res 2020; 30:117-125. [PMID: 30917715 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2019.1600545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although niosomes structurally resemble liposomes, they are composed of nonionic surfactants which result in less toxicity and more stability. Here, we developed a novel niosomal formulation of I3C and investigated the nuclear translocation and activation of AhR among human acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) monocytic THP-1 cell line. Niosomal vesicles comprised of nonionic surfactants, cholesterol and I3C were prepared using thin film hydration (TFH) method and characterized according to the entrapment efficiency (EE %), size and zeta potential, by Dynamic light scattering method (DLS), and the surface morphology visualized by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In vitro release of I3C was evaluated and MTS assay was used to evaluate the viability of THP-1 cells. The nuclear translocation of AhR was assessed by immunocytochemistry (ICC) and Real-time RT-PCR was conducted using AhR target genes. The ratio of Cholesterol:Span 60 (1:1) niosomal formulations with the highest significant EE% were selected. I3C exerted cytotoxic effects on THP-1 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, while administration of niosomal I3C reduced these effects. Both niosomal and free I3C formulations facilitated the nuclear translocation of AhR. CYP1A1 was overexpressed in response to both free and niosomal I3C treatments, while IL1β was overexpressed merely in niosomal I3C-treated THP-1 cells. Niosomal formulation of I3C resulted in reduced cytotoxicity effects by enhancing the functional effects of I3C on AhR in THP-1 cells, including its nuclear translocation and overexpression of the target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Abbaspour Sani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Hasani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Anvarsadat Kianmehr
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Saeed Mohammadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sheikh Arabi
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Yazdani
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Laboratory Science Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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Dong Z, Gao M, Li C, Xu M, Liu S. LncRNA UCA1 Antagonizes Arsenic-Induced Cell Cycle Arrest through Destabilizing EZH2 and Facilitating NFATc2 Expression. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1903630. [PMID: 32537408 PMCID: PMC7284218 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201903630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a widespread metalloid contaminant, and its internal exposure is demonstrated to cause serious detrimental health problems. Albeit considerable studies are performed to interrogate the molecular mechanisms responsible for As-induced toxicities, the exact mechanisms are not fully understood yet, especially at the epigenetic regulation level. In the present study, it is identified that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) urothelial cancer associated 1 (UCA1) alleviates As-induced G2/M phase arrest in human liver cells. Intensive mechanistic investigations illustrate that UCA1 interacts with enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and accelerates the latter's protein turnover rate under normal and As-exposure conditions. The phosphorylation of EZH2 at the Thr-487 site by cyclin dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) is responsible for As-induced EZH2 protein degradation, and UCA1 enhances this process through increasing the interaction between CDK1 and EZH2. As a consequence, the cell cycle regulator nuclear factor of activated T cells 2 (NFATc2), a downstream target of EZH2, is upregulated to resist As-blocked cell cycle progress and cytotoxicity. In conclusion, the findings decipher a novel prosurvival signaling pathway underlying As toxicity from the perspective of epigenetic regulation: UCA1 facilitates the ubiquitination of EZH2 to upregulate NFATc2 and further antagonizes As-induced cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and EcotoxicologyResearch Center for Eco‐Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China
- College of Resources and EnvironmentUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and EcotoxicologyResearch Center for Eco‐Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China
- College of Resources and EnvironmentUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Changying Li
- Liver Research CenterBeijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100050China
| | - Ming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and EcotoxicologyResearch Center for Eco‐Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China
- College of Resources and EnvironmentUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Sijin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and EcotoxicologyResearch Center for Eco‐Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China
- College of Resources and EnvironmentUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
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Hasani M, Sani NA, Khodabakhshi B, Arabi MS, Mohammadi S, Yazdani Y. Encapsulation of Leflunomide (LFD) in a novel niosomal formulation facilitated its delivery to THP-1 monocytic cells and enhanced Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) nuclear translocation and activation. Daru 2019; 27:635-644. [PMID: 31432467 PMCID: PMC6895356 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-019-00293-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leflunomide (LFD) is an Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist and immunomodulatory drug with several side effects. Niosomes are novel drug delivery systems used to reduce the unfavorable effects of drugs by enhancing their bioavailability, controlling their release and targeting specific sites. OBJECTIVES Here, we prepared niosomal formulations of LFD, evaluated their properties and delivered to THP-1 monocytic cells to study the activation and nuclear translocation of AhR. METHODS Four types of non-ionic surfactants were utilized to formulate niosomes by thin film hydration (TFH) method. Entrapment efficiency (EE %) of niosomes were quantified and dynamic light scattering (DLS) was performed. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to identify the morphology of LFD niosomes. Dialysis method was used to measure LFD release rate. MTS assay was adopted to examine the viability of the cells upon each treatment. The nuclear transfer of AhR was investigated by Immunocytochemistry (ICC). The mRNA expression of IL1β and CYP1A1 were evaluated using quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS Span 60: cholesterol (1:1) showed the highest EE% (70.00 ± 6.24), largest particles (419.00 ± 4.16 nm) and the best uniformity with the lowest PDI (0.291 ± 0.007). TEM micrographs of Span 60 (1:1) nanoparticles showed conventional spherical vesicles with internal aqueous spaces. The release rate of LFD from Span 60 (1:1) vesicles was slower. Although the viability of LFD niosome-treated THP-1 cells was decreased, they were associated with lower cytotoxic effects compared with the free LFD counterparts. Both free and niosomal LFD treatments intensified the nuclear translocation of AhR. The mRNA expression of CYP1A1 was overexpressed while IL1β was downregulated in both free and niosomal LFD treated combinations. CONCLUSION LFD encapsulation in Span 60: cholesterol (1:1) niosomal formulation could be introduced as a suitable vehicle of transferring LFD to THP-1 cells, with minimal cytotoxic effects, enhancing the AhR nuclear translocation and activation and inducing immunomodulatory properties. Graphical abstract The Graphical abstract; it demonstrates the workflow of the study and summary of results in brief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Hasani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Neda Abbaspour Sani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Behnaz Khodabakhshi
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sheikh Arabi
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Saeed Mohammadi
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Po.Box: 4934174611, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Yazdani
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
- Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Po.Box: 4934174611, Gorgan, Iran.
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Riemschneider S, Kohlschmidt J, Fueldner C, Esser C, Hauschildt S, Lehmann J. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation by benzo(a)pyrene inhibits proliferation of myeloid precursor cells and alters the differentiation state as well as the functional phenotype of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages. Toxicol Lett 2018; 296:106-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Formosa R, Vassallo J. The Complex Biology of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Its Role in the Pituitary Gland. Discov Oncol 2017. [PMID: 28634910 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-017-0300-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor best known for its ability to mediate the effects of environmental toxins such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD or dioxin), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), benzene, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) through the initiation of transcription of a number of metabolically active enzymes. Therefore, the AHR has been studied mostly in the context of xenobiotic signaling. However, several studies have shown that the AHR is constitutively active and plays an important role in general cell physiology, independently of its activity as a xenobiotic receptor and in the absence of exogenous ligands. Within the pituitary, activation of the AHR by environmental toxins has been implicated in disruption of gonadal development and fertility. Studies carried out predominantly in mouse models have revealed the detrimental influence of several environmental toxins on specific cell lineages of the pituitary tissue mediated by activation of AHR and its downstream effectors. Activation of AHR during fetal development adversely affected pituitary development while adult models exposed to AHR ligands demonstrated varying degrees of pituitary dysfunction. Such dysfunction may arise as a result of direct effects on pituitary cells or indirect effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This review offers in-depth analysis of all aspects of AHR biology, with a particular focus on its role and activity within the adenohypophysis and specifically in pituitary tumorigenesis. A novel mechanism by which the AHR may play a direct role in pituitary cell proliferation and tumor formation is postulated. This review therefore attempts to cover all aspects of the AHR's role in the pituitary tissue, from fetal development to adult physiology and the pathophysiology underlying endocrine disruption and pituitary tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Formosa
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080, Msida, Malta
| | - Josanne Vassallo
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080, Msida, Malta. .,Neuroendocrine Clinic, Department of Medicine, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta.
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Mohammadi S, Seyedhoseini FS, Asadi J, Yazdani Y. Effects of berberine on the secretion of cytokines and expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulation in THP-1 monocytic cell line. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017; 20:530-537. [PMID: 28656088 PMCID: PMC5478781 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2017.8677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Current acute myeloid leukemia (AML) therapeutic strategies have irreversible side-effects. Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid, which has been known as an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand. AhR is a cytoplasmic receptor, which is involved in the regulation of cellular and immune responses. Here, we investigated the expression profile of genes involved in the cell cycle and different cytokines upon BBR-mediated AhR activation on AML THP-1 cell line. MATERIALS AND METHODS THP-1 cells and normal monocytes were treated with different concentrations of BBR (10 μM, 25 μM, 50 μM, and 100 μM) for 24 and 48 hr. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Real-time RT-PCR was conducted to evaluate the expression of AhR, cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), interleukin 1 beta (IL1β), p21, p27, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) and p53. Cellular expression of AhR was also assessed using immunofluorescence method. ELISA was used to determine the level of IL-10 and IL-12 cytokines. RESULTS BBR inhibits the proliferation of THP-1 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner with minimal toxicity on normal monocytes. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) treatment increased the cellular expression of AhR. The AhR target genes (CYP1A1, IL1β) were overexpressed upon BBR treatment. BBR downregulated Cdk2 and upregulated p21, p27 and p53 genes in THP-1 cells. IL-10 was significantly increased upon BBR treatment, while IL-12 was not significantly changed in all combinations. CONCLUSION BBR could be introduced as an effective chemotherapeutic agent against AML by giving rise to the expression of CDK inhibitors and anti-inflammatory cytokines and downregulation of CDK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee and Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Fakhri Sadat Seyedhoseini
- Infectious Diseases Research Center and Laboratory Science Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Jahanbakhsh Asadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Yazdani
- Infectious Diseases Research Center and Laboratory Science Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Corresponding author: Yaghoub Yazdani. Infectious Diseases Research Center and Laboratory Science Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran. Tel: +98-17-32425995; Fax: +98-17-32430564;
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Lukacs-Kornek V, Lammert F. The progenitor cell dilemma: Cellular and functional heterogeneity in assistance or escalation of liver injury. J Hepatol 2017; 66:619-630. [PMID: 27826058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Liver progenitor cells (LPCs) are quiescent cells that are activated during liver injury and thought to give rise to hepatocytes and cholangiocytes in order to support liver regeneration and tissue restitution. While hepatocytes are capable of self-renewal, during most chronic injuries the proliferative capacity of hepatocytes is inhibited, thus LPCs provide main source for regeneration. Despite extensive lineage tracing studies, their role and involvement in these processes are often controversial. Additionally, increasing evidence suggests that the LPC compartment consists of heterogeneous cell populations that are actively involved in cellular interactions with myeloid and lymphoid cells during regeneration. On the other hand, LPC expansion has been associated with an increased fibrogenic response, raising concerns about the therapeutic use of these cells. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of the identity, the cellular interactions and the key pathways affecting the biology of LPCs. Understanding the regulatory circuits and the specific role of LPCs is especially important as it could provide novel therapeutic platforms for the treatment of liver inflammation, fibrosis and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Lukacs-Kornek
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Frank Lammert
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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12
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Gillam MP, Ku CR, Lee YJ, Kim J, Kim SH, Lee SJ, Hwang B, Koo J, Kineman RD, Kiyokawa H, Lee EJ. Somatotroph-Specific Aip-Deficient Mice Display Pretumorigenic Alterations in Cell-Cycle Signaling. J Endocr Soc 2017; 1:78-95. [PMID: 29264469 PMCID: PMC5686555 DOI: 10.1210/js.2016-1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with familial isolated pituitary adenoma are predisposed to pituitary adenomas, which in a subset of cases is due to germline inactivating mutations of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor–interacting protein (AIP) gene. Using Cre/lox and Flp/Frt technology, a conditional mouse model was generated to examine the loss of the mouse homolog, Aip, in pituitary somatotrophs. By 40 weeks of age, >80% of somatotroph specific Aip knockout mice develop growth hormone (GH) secreting adenomas. The formation of adenomas results in physiologic effects recapitulating the human syndrome of acromegaly, including increased body size, elevated serum GH and insulin-like growth factor 1 levels, and glucose intolerance. The pretumorigenic Aip-deficient somatotrophs secrete excess GH and exhibit pathologic hyperplasia associated with cytosolic compartmentalization of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p27kip1 and perinuclear accentuation of CDK-4. Following tumor formation, the Aip-deficient somatotrophs display reduced expression of somatostatin receptor subtype 5 with impaired response to octreotide. The delayed tumor emergence, even with loss of both copies of Aip, implies that additional somatic events are required for adenoma formation. These findings suggest that pituitary hyperplasia precedes adenomatous transformation in somatotroph-specific Aip-deficient mice and reveal potential mechanisms involved in the pretumorigenic state that ultimately contribute to transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary P Gillam
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry and
| | - Cheol Ryong Ku
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine and
| | - Yang Jong Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine and
| | - Jean Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine and
| | | | - Sue Ji Lee
- Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 03722
| | - Byungjin Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea 03722
| | - JaeHyung Koo
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Korea 42988; and
| | - Rhonda D Kineman
- Research and Development Division, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center and.,Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Hiroaki Kiyokawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry and.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Eun Jig Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine and
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13
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The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Relays Metabolic Signals to Promote Cellular Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:4389802. [PMID: 27563312 PMCID: PMC4987465 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4389802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
While sensing the cell environment, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) interacts with different pathways involved in cellular homeostasis. This review summarizes evidence suggesting that cellular regeneration in the context of aging and diseases can be modulated by AHR signaling on stem cells. New insights connect orphaned observations into AHR interactions with critical signaling pathways such as WNT to propose a role of this ligand-activated transcription factor in the modulation of cellular regeneration by altering pathways that nurture cellular expansion such as changes in the metabolic efficiency rather than by directly altering cell cycling, proliferation, or cell death. Targeting the AHR to promote regeneration might prove to be a useful strategy to avoid unbalanced disruptions of homeostasis that may promote disease and also provide biological rationale for potential regenerative medicine approaches.
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14
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Effect of TCDD on the fate of epithelial cells isolated from human fetal palatal shelves (hFPECs). Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 305:186-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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15
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Environmental Ligands of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Their Effects in Models of Adult Liver Progenitor Cells. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:4326194. [PMID: 27274734 PMCID: PMC4870370 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4326194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The toxicity of environmental and dietary ligands of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in mature liver parenchymal cells is well appreciated, while considerably less attention has been paid to their impact on cell populations exhibiting phenotypic features of liver progenitor cells. Here, we discuss the results suggesting that the consequences of the AhR activation in the cellular models derived from bipotent liver progenitors could markedly differ from those in hepatocytes. In contact-inhibited liver progenitor cells, the AhR agonists induce a range of effects potentially linked with tumor promotion. They can stimulate cell cycle progression/proliferation and deregulate cell-to-cell communication, which is associated with downregulation of proteins forming gap junctions, adherens junctions, and desmosomes (such as connexin 43, E-cadherin, β-catenin, and plakoglobin), as well as with reduced cell adhesion and inhibition of intercellular communication. At the same time, toxic AhR ligands may affect the activity of the signaling pathways contributing to regulation of liver progenitor cell activation and/or differentiation, such as downregulation of Wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β signaling, or upregulation of transcriptional targets of YAP/TAZ, the effectors of Hippo signaling pathway. These data illustrate the need to better understand the potential role of liver progenitors in the AhR-mediated liver carcinogenesis and tumor promotion.
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16
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Ikuta T, Kurosumi M, Yatsuoka T, Nishimura Y. Tissue distribution of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in the intestine: Implication of putative roles in tumor suppression. Exp Cell Res 2016; 343:126-134. [PMID: 26973338 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal homeostasis is maintained by complex interactions between intestinal microorganisms and the gut immune system. Dysregulation of gut immunity may lead to inflammatory disorders and tumorigenesis. We previously have shown the tumor suppressive effects of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in intestinal carcinogenesis. In the present study, we investigated AhR distribution in the mouse and human intestine by histochemical analysis. In the normal intestine, AhR was mainly localized in the stroma containing immune cells in the lamina propria and lymphoid follicles. On the other hand, in the tumor tissue from human colon cancer and that developed in Apc(Min/+)mice, AhR expression was elevated. AhR immunostaining was found in both stromal and tumor cells. Although AhR was localized in the cytoplasm of tumor cells in most cases, nuclear AhR was also observed in some. AhR knockdown using siRNA resulted in significant promotion of cell growth in colon cancer cell lines. Furthermore, AhR activation by AhR ligands supplemented in culture medium suppressed cell growth. Our study results suggest that tumor suppressive roles of AhR are estimated in two distinct ways: in normal tissue, AhR is associated with tumor prevention by regulating gut immunity, whereas in tumor cells, it is involved in growth suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Togo Ikuta
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Research Institute for Clinical Oncology, Saitama Cancer Center, 818 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama 362-0806, Japan.
| | - Masafumi Kurosumi
- Division of Pathology, Saitama Cancer Center, 780 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama 362-0806, Japan.
| | - Toshimasa Yatsuoka
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Cancer Center, 780 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama 362-0806, Japan.
| | - Yoji Nishimura
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Cancer Center, 780 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama 362-0806, Japan.
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17
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Keratinocyte Growth Factor Regulation of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Dig Dis Sci 2016; 61:444-52. [PMID: 26514676 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-015-3908-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) stimulates normal growth, development and intestinal epithelial cell proliferation. Cyclin D1 promotes the cell cycle by inhibiting retinoblastoma protein (RB1). The activated aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has an important influence on the development of tumors through its interactions with the cell cycle. AIM The aim of the present study was to explore a new role for AhR in KGF-induced colon cancer cell growth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Real-time PCR, western blot or immunofluorescence analysis were used to detect the expression of KGF, AhR, cyclin D1 and CYP1A1. Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the localization of AhR. MTT assay and flow cytometric analyses were performed to measure cell viability and the cell cycle. RESULTS Real-time PCR analysis revealed that KGF, AhR, and CYP1A1 mRNAs were overexpressed in colorectal cancer tissues. Meanwhile, overexpression of AhR was primarily observed in epithelial cells. In in vitro assay, KGF promoted colon cancer cell growth, as well as up-regulated and activated AhR. At the same time, AhR-knockdown colon cancer cells were less responsive to KGF. Western blot analysis, real-time PCR, or immunofluorescence data indicated that cyclin D1 expression was up-regulated by KGF but this up-regulation was compromised when AhR was silenced, and the cell cycle was arrested in the G0/G1 stage in these cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that KGF, AhR, and CYP1A1 are overexpressed in colorectal cancer tissues. Moreover, we reveal a new mechanism by which KGF promotes cell proliferation through the AhR-cyclin D1 pathway in colon cancer cells.
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18
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Tarnow P, Tralau T, Luch A. G protein-coupled receptor 30 ligand G-1 increases aryl hydrocarbon receptor signalling by inhibition of tubulin assembly and cell cycle arrest in human MCF-7 cells. Arch Toxicol 2015; 90:1939-48. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1615-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Jackson DP, Joshi AD, Elferink CJ. Ah Receptor Pathway Intricacies; Signaling Through Diverse Protein Partners and DNA-Motifs. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2015; 4:1143-1158. [PMID: 26783425 PMCID: PMC4714567 DOI: 10.1039/c4tx00236a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ah receptor is a transcription factor that modulates gene expression via interactions with multiple protein partners; these are reviewed, including the novel NC-XRE pathway involving KLF6.
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20
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Bennett JA, Singh KP, Unnisa Z, Welle SL, Gasiewicz TA. Deficiency in Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) Expression throughout Aging Alters Gene Expression Profiles in Murine Long-Term Hematopoietic Stem Cells. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26208102 PMCID: PMC4514744 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) signaling can contribute to the development of diseases of the blood system. Lack of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has been associated with alterations in gene expression related to HSC function and the subsequent development of a myeloproliferative disorder in aging female mice. We sorted the most primitive population of HSCs with the highest stem cell potential (Long-term, or LT-HSCs) from 18-month-old AhR-null-allele (AhR-KO) and WT mice and analyzed gene expression using microarray to determine alterations in gene expression and cell signaling networks in HSCs that could potentially contribute to the aging phenotype of AhR-KO mice. Comparisons with previous array data from 8-week old mice indicated that aging alone is sufficient to alter gene expression. In addition, a significant number of gene expression differences were observed in aged LT-HSCs that are dependent on both aging and lack of AhR. Pathway analysis of these genes revealed networks related to hematopoietic stem cell activity or function. qPCR was used to confirm the differential expression of a subset of these genes, focusing on genes that may represent novel AhR targets due to the presence of a putative AhR binding site in their upstream regulatory region. We verified differential expression of PDGF-D, Smo, Wdfy1, Zbtb37 and Zfp382. Pathway analysis of this subset of genes revealed overlap between cellular functions of the novel AhR targets and AhR itself. Lentiviral-mediated knockdown of AhR in lineage-negative hematopoietic cells was sufficient to induce changes in all five of the candidate AhR targets identified. Taken together, these data suggest a role for AhR in HSC functional regulation, and identify novel HSC AhR target genes that may contribute to the phenotypes observed in AhR-KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A. Bennett
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Kameshwar P. Singh
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Zeenath Unnisa
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Stephen L. Welle
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Thomas A. Gasiewicz
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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21
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Nie X, Liang L, Xi H, Jiang S, Jiang J, Tang C, Liu X, Liu S, Wan C, Zhao J, Yang J. 2, 3, 7, 8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin induces premature senescence of astrocytes via WNT/β-catenin signaling and ROS production. J Appl Toxicol 2014; 35:851-60. [PMID: 25382668 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant that could exert significant neurotoxicity in the human nervous system. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism underlying TCDD-mediated neurotoxicity has not been clarified clearly. Herein, we investigated the potential role of TCDD in facilitating premature senescence in astrocytes and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Using the senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) assay, we demonstrated that TCDD exposure triggered significant premature senescence of astrocyte cells, which was accompanied by a marked activation of the Wingless and int (WNT)/β-catenin signaling pathway. In addition, TCDD altered the expression of senescence marker proteins, such as p16, p21 and GFAP, which together have been reported to be upregulated in aging astrocytes, in both dose- and time-dependent manners. Further, TCDD led to cell-cycle arrest, F-actin reorganization and the accumulation of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) markedly attenuated TCDD-induced ROS production, cellular oxidative damage and astrocyte senescence. Notably, the application of XAV939, an inhibitor of WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway, ameliorated the effect of TCDD on cellular β-catenin level, ROS production, cellular oxidative damage and premature senescence in astrocytes. In summary, our findings indicated that TCDD might induce astrocyte senescence via WNT/β-catenin and ROS-dependent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Nie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Lingwei Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Hanqing Xi
- Department of Disease Prevention, Second People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Shengyang Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Junkang Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Cuiying Tang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Xipeng Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Suyi Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Chunhua Wan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Jianya Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Jianbin Yang
- Department of Disease Prevention, Second People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
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Hecht E, Zago M, Sarill M, Rico de Souza A, Gomez A, Matthews J, Hamid Q, Eidelman DH, Baglole CJ. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent regulation of miR-196a expression controls lung fibroblast apoptosis but not proliferation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 280:511-25. [PMID: 25178717 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor implicated in the regulation of apoptosis and proliferation. Although activation of the AhR by xenobiotics such as dioxin inhibits the cell cycle and control apoptosis, paradoxically, AhR expression also promotes cell proliferation and survival independent of exogenous ligands. The microRNA (miRNA) miR-196a has also emerged as a regulator of proliferation and apoptosis but a relationship between the AhR and miR-196a is not known. Therefore, we hypothesized that AhR-dependent regulation of endogenous miR-196a expression would promote cell survival and proliferation. Utilizing lung fibroblasts from AhR deficient (AhR(-/-)) and wild-type (AhR(+/+)) mice, we show that there is ligand-independent regulation of miRNA, including low miR-196a in AhR(-/-) cells. Validation by qRT-PCR revealed a significant decrease in basal expression of miR-196a in AhR(-/-) compared to AhR(+/+) cells. Exposure to AhR agonists benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and FICZ as well as AhR antagonist CH-223191 decreased miR-196a expression in AhR(+/+) fibroblasts concomitant with decreased AhR protein levels. There was increased proliferation only in AhR(+/+) lung fibroblasts in response to serum, corresponding to a decrease in p27(KIP1) protein, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. Increasing the cellular levels of miR-196a had no effect on proliferation or expression of p27(KIP1) in AhR(-/-) fibroblasts but attenuated cigarette smoke-induced apoptosis. This study provides the first evidence that AhR expression is essential for the physiological regulation of cellular miRNA levels- including miR-196a. Future experiments designed to elucidate the functional relationship between the AhR and miR-196a may delineate additional novel ligand-independent roles for the AhR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emelia Hecht
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michela Zago
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Miles Sarill
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Angela Rico de Souza
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alvin Gomez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jason Matthews
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David H Eidelman
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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23
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Kajta M, Litwa E, Rzemieniec J, Wnuk A, Lason W, Zelek-Molik A, Nalepa I, Grzegorzewska-Hiczwa M, Tokarski K, Golas A, Guzik E, Grochowalski A, Szychowski KA, Wojtowicz AK. Isomer-nonspecific action of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane on aryl hydrocarbon receptor and G-protein-coupled receptor 30 intracellular signaling in apoptotic neuronal cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 392:90-105. [PMID: 24859647 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Extended residual persistence of the pesticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) raises concerns about its long-term neurotoxic effects. Little is known, however, about DDT toxicity during the early stages of neural development. This study demonstrated that DDT-induced apoptosis of mouse embryonic neuronal cells is a caspase-9-, caspase-3-, and GSK-3β-dependent process, which involves p,p'-DDT-specific impairment of classical ERs. It also provided evidence for DDT-isomer-nonspecific alterations of AhR- and GPR30-mediated intracellular signaling, including changes in the levels of the receptor and receptor-regulated mRNAs, and also changes in the protein levels of the receptors. DDT-induced stimulation of AhR-signaling and reduction of GPR30-signaling were verified using selective ligands and specific siRNAs. Co-localization of the receptors was demonstrated with confocal microscopy, and the presence of functional GPR30 was detected by electrophysiology. This study demonstrates that stimulation of AhR-signaling and impairment of GPR30-signaling play important roles in the propagation of DDT-induced apoptosis during the early stages of neural development.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Benzodioxoles/pharmacology
- Benzoflavones/pharmacology
- Caspase 3/metabolism
- Caspase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1/genetics
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1/metabolism
- DDT/chemistry
- DDT/pharmacology
- Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3/metabolism
- Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta
- Isomerism
- L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism
- Mice
- Neurons/cytology
- Neurons/drug effects
- Neurons/enzymology
- Neurons/metabolism
- Pyrazoles/pharmacology
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- Quinolines/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/genetics
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/metabolism
- Receptors, Estrogen/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/agonists
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Time Factors
- beta-Naphthoflavone/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kajta
- Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland.
| | - E Litwa
- Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - J Rzemieniec
- Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - A Wnuk
- Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - W Lason
- Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - A Zelek-Molik
- Department of Brain Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - I Nalepa
- Department of Brain Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - M Grzegorzewska-Hiczwa
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - K Tokarski
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - A Golas
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - E Guzik
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Confocal Microscopy Laboratory, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - A Grochowalski
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Technology, 24 Warszawska Street, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
| | - K A Szychowski
- Laboratory of Genomics and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture, 1B Rędzina Street, 30-274 Krakow, Poland
| | - A K Wojtowicz
- Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland; Laboratory of Genomics and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture, 1B Rędzina Street, 30-274 Krakow, Poland
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