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Zoehler B, de Aguiar AM, Silveira GF. SAEDC: Development of a technological solution for exploratory data analysis and statistics in cytotoxicity. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:483-490. [PMID: 38261941 PMCID: PMC10796974 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The intergovernmental organizations Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods (ICCVAM) have developed guidelines for the use of in vitro models for toxicological evaluation of chemicals. However, the presence of manual steps and the requirement of multiple tools for data analysis, apart from being costly and time-consuming, can inadvertently introduce errors by researchers. OBJECTIVES We have developed the SAEDC platform (Technological Solution for Exploratory Data Analysis and Statistics for Cytotoxicity, in Portuguese), which enables analysis of cytotoxicity data from assays following OECD Guideline No. 129. METHODOLOGY In vitro experimental data were used to compare with the analysis methodology suggested in the Guideline. We analyzed 117 data sets covering chemicals from Category I to Unclassified according to GHS classification. RESULTS The four-parameters of non-linear regression (4PL) calculated by the SAEDC platform showed no significant differences compared to standard methodology in any of the data sets (p > 0.05). The coefficient of determination (R-squared) also demonstrated not only a good fit of the 4PL model to the data but also significant similarity to values obtained by the conventional methodology. Finally, the SAEDC platform predicted LD50 values for the chemicals from IC50, using the Registry of Cytotoxicity (RC) regression models. CONCLUSION The comparison with the standard data analysis methodology revealed that SAEDC platform fulfills the requirements for cytotoxicity data analysis, generating reliable and accurate results with fewer steps performed by researchers. The use of SAEDC platform for obtaining toxicity values can reduce analysis time compared to the standard methodology proposed by regulatory agencies. Thus, automation of the analysis using the SAEDC platform has the potential to save time and resources for cytotoxicity researchers and laboratories while generating reliable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Zoehler
- Instituto Carlos Chagas – ICC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – Fiocruz, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Melo de Aguiar
- Plataforma de Bioensaios com métodos alternativos em citotoxicidade, Instituto Carlos Chagas – ICC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – Fiocruz, Brazil
- Laboratório de Biologia Básica de Células-tronco, Instituto Carlos Chagas – ICC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – Fiocruz, Brazil
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Alternative Methods as Tools for Obesity Research: In Vitro and In Silico Approaches. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:life13010108. [PMID: 36676057 PMCID: PMC9860640 DOI: 10.3390/life13010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The study of adipogenesis is essential for understanding and treating obesity, a multifactorial problem related to body fat accumulation that leads to several life-threatening diseases, becoming one of the most critical public health problems worldwide. In this review, we propose to provide the highlights of the adipogenesis study based on in vitro differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). We list in silico methods, such as molecular docking for identification of molecular targets, and in vitro approaches, from 2D, more straightforward and applied for screening large libraries of substances, to more representative physiological models, such as 3D and bioprinting models. We also describe the development of physiological models based on microfluidic systems applied to investigate adipogenesis in vitro. We intend to identify the main alternative models for adipogenesis evaluation, contributing to the direction of preclinical research in obesity. Future directions indicate the association of in silico and in vitro techniques to bring a clear picture of alternative methods based on adipogenesis as a tool for obesity research.
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Abud APR, Paschoal ACC, Kuligovski C, Caruso RRB, Dallagiovanna B, de Aguiar AM. Using inhibition of the adipogenesis of adipose-derived stem cells in vitro for toxicity prediction. MethodsX 2021; 8:101515. [PMID: 34754786 PMCID: PMC8564732 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2021.101515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro stem cell models are used as alternatives to animal models and are important tools for cytotoxicity studies. Researchers can determine the effects of test substances on human cells by evaluating cell viability and differentiation. Here, we describe an in vitro model to quantify adipogenesis based on the Nile red staining of specific lipid droplets and the emission of basic lipids from human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AD-MSCs) in the presence of test substances. This assay allows for the prediction of toxicity based on the inhibition of adipogenesis in vitro in a 96-well format. The differentiation of a progenitor cell into a specialized cell, the adipocyte, is easy to monitor and quantify, making this a simple assay. The fluorescence staining of nuclei and lipid droplets is measured after 14 days of cell differentiation to determine cell number and assess cell differentiation using high-content imaging analysis, thus allowing for the identification of chemicals that impact differentiation. We also describe a protocol to assess adipocyte differentiation by fluorescence intensity using a multiplate reader.Researchers can utilize the protocol described here for many purposes to evaluate in vitro adipogenesis. With this method, it is possible to reduce the use of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Ressetti Abud
- Rede de Plataformas Tecnológicas FIOCRUZ - Bioensaios com Métodos alternativos em Citotoxicidade, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Instituto Carlos Chagas, FIOCRUZ Paraná, Curitiba, PR 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Ariane Caroline Campos Paschoal
- Laboratório de Biologia Básica de Células-Tronco, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Instituto Carlos Chagas, FIOCRUZ Paraná, Curitiba, PR 81350-010, Brazil.,Grupo Boticário, Pesquisa and Desenvolvimento, Avenida Rui Barbosa, 4110, São José dos Pinhais, PR 83055-320, Brazil
| | - Crisciele Kuligovski
- Laboratório de Biologia Básica de Células-Tronco, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Instituto Carlos Chagas, FIOCRUZ Paraná, Curitiba, PR 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Rêgo Barros Caruso
- Laboratório de Ciências e Tecnologias Aplicadas à Saúde, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Instituto Carlos Chagas, FIOCRUZ Paraná, Curitiba, PR 81350-010, Brazil.,Current Address: Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Sistêmica de Tripanossomatídeos. Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Instituto Carlos Chagas, FIOCRUZ Paraná, Curitiba, PR 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Bruno Dallagiovanna
- Laboratório de Biologia Básica de Células-Tronco, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Instituto Carlos Chagas, FIOCRUZ Paraná, Curitiba, PR 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Melo de Aguiar
- Rede de Plataformas Tecnológicas FIOCRUZ - Bioensaios com Métodos alternativos em Citotoxicidade, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Instituto Carlos Chagas, FIOCRUZ Paraná, Curitiba, PR 81350-010, Brazil.,Laboratório de Biologia Básica de Células-Tronco, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Instituto Carlos Chagas, FIOCRUZ Paraná, Curitiba, PR 81350-010, Brazil
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Ribeiro AL, Bassai LW, Robert AW, Machado TN, Bezerra AG, Horinouchi CDDS, Aguiar AMD. Bismuth-based nanoparticles impair adipogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 77:105248. [PMID: 34560244 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bismuth-based nanoparticles (BiNPs) have attracted attention for their potential biomedical applications. However, there is a lack of information concerning their interaction with biological systems. In this study, it was investigated the effect of physically synthesized BiNPs to human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). We first evaluated the influence of BiNPs on cell viability, cell morphology, mitochondrial function and cell proliferation. Further, the impact of BiNPs on adipogenic differentiation was also explored. Cytotoxicity assays have demonstrated that BiNPs did not reduce relative cell viability of ADSC except at the highest tested concentration (345 μg/ml). Analysis of cell morphology performed by transmission electron microscopy confirmed that BiNPs induced cell damage only at a high concentration (302.24 μg/ml), equivalent to IC50 concentration. Moreover, BiNPs exposure increased the expression of the cell proliferation marker Ki-67 and the incorporation of the thymidine analogue EdU into cell DNA, suggesting that these nanoparticles could be stimulating ADSC proliferation. BiNPs also increased the mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, BiNPs reduced ADSC adipogenic differentiation as measured by lipid droplet accumulation and mRNA expression levels of the specific adipogenesis biomarkers PPARγ, C/EPBɑ and FABP4. Thus, BiNPs affect the nonspecific (viability, proliferation and mitochondrial activity) and specific (adipogenesis) cellular mechanisms of ADSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annanda Lyra Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Biologia Básica de Células-Tronco, Instituto Carlos Chagas, FIOCRUZ Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Letícia Werzel Bassai
- Laboratório de Biologia Básica de Células-Tronco, Instituto Carlos Chagas, FIOCRUZ Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Laboratório de Cultivo de Eucariotos, Instituto de Biologia Molecular do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Anny Waloski Robert
- Laboratório de Biologia Básica de Células-Tronco, Instituto Carlos Chagas, FIOCRUZ Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Thiago Neves Machado
- Laboratório FotoNanoBio, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Arandi Ginane Bezerra
- Laboratório FotoNanoBio, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Alessandra Melo de Aguiar
- Laboratório de Biologia Básica de Células-Tronco, Instituto Carlos Chagas, FIOCRUZ Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Rede de Plataformas Tecnológicas FIOCRUZ - Bioensaios com Métodos Alternativos em Citotoxicidade, Instituto Carlos Chagas, FIOCRUZ Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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