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Białek W, Hryniewicz-Jankowska A, Czechowicz P, Sławski J, Collawn JF, Czogalla A, Bartoszewski R. The lipid side of unfolded protein response. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159515. [PMID: 38844203 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Although our current knowledge of the molecular crosstalk between the ER stress, the unfolded protein response (UPR), and lipid homeostasis remains limited, there is increasing evidence that dysregulation of either protein or lipid homeostasis profoundly affects the other. Most research regarding UPR signaling in human diseases has focused on the causes and consequences of disrupted protein folding. The UPR itself consists of very complex pathways that function to not only maintain protein homeostasis, but just as importantly, modulate lipid biogenesis to allow the ER to adjust and promote cell survival. Lipid dysregulation is known to activate many aspects of the UPR, but the complexity of this crosstalk remains a major research barrier. ER lipid disequilibrium and lipotoxicity are known to be important contributors to numerous human pathologies, including insulin resistance, liver disease, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Despite their medical significance and continuous research, however, the molecular mechanisms that modulate lipid synthesis during ER stress conditions, and their impact on cell fate decisions, remain poorly understood. Here we summarize the current view on crosstalk and connections between altered lipid metabolism, ER stress, and the UPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Białek
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Paulina Czechowicz
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Sławski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - James F Collawn
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Aleksander Czogalla
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Bartoszewski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
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2
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Silva NSM, Siebeneichler B, Oliveira CS, Dores-Silva PR, Borges JC. The regulation of the thermal stability and affinity of the HSPA5 (Grp78/BiP) by clients and nucleotides is modulated by domains coupling. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2024; 1872:141034. [PMID: 39009203 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2024.141034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
The HSPA5 protein (BiP/Grp78) serves as a pivotal chaperone in maintaining cellular protein quality control. As a member of the human HSP70 family, HSPA5 comprises two distinct domains: a nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and a peptide-binding domain (PBD). In this study, we investigated the interdomain interactions of HSPA5, aiming to elucidate how these domains regulate its function as a chaperone. Our findings revealed that HSPA5-FL, HSPA5-T, and HSPA5-N exhibit varying affinities for ATP and ADP, with a noticeable dependency on Mg2+ for optimal interactions. Interestingly, in ADP assays, the presence of the metal ion seems to enhance NBD binding only for HSPA5-FL and HSPA5-T. Moreover, while the truncation of the C-terminus does not significantly impact the thermal stability of HSPA5, experiments involving MgATP underscore its essential role in mediating interactions and nucleotide hydrolysis. Thermal stability assays further suggested that the NBD-PBD interface enhances the stability of the NBD, more pronounced for HSPA5 than for the orthologous HSPA1A, and prevents self-aggregation through interdomain coupling. Enzymatic analyses indicated that the presence of PBD enhances NBD ATPase activity and augments its nucleotide affinity. Notably, the intrinsic chaperone activity of the PBD is dependent on the presence of the NBD, potentially due to the propensity of the PBD for self-oligomerization. Collectively, our data highlight the pivotal role of allosteric mechanisms in modulating thermal stability, nucleotide interaction, and ATPase activity of HSPA5, underscoring its significance in protein quality control within cellular environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noeli S M Silva
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Siebeneichler
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Exact and Technology Sciences Center, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Carlos S Oliveira
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo R Dores-Silva
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Júlio C Borges
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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3
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Roshdy M, Zaky DA, Abbas SS, Abdallah DM. Niacin, an innovative protein kinase-C-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress reticence in murine Parkinson's disease. Life Sci 2024; 351:122865. [PMID: 38914304 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Niacin (NIA) supplementation showed effectiveness against Parkinson's disease (PD) in clinical trials. The depletion of NAD and endoplasmic reticulum stress response (ERSR) are implicated in the pathogenesis of PD, but the potential role for NAD precursors on ERSR is not yet established. This study was undertaken to decipher NIA molecular mechanisms against PD-accompanied ERSR, especially in relation to PKC. METHODS Alternate-day-low-dose-21 day-subcutaneous exposure to rotenone (ROT) in rats induced PD. Following the 5th ROT injection, rats received daily doses of either NIA alone or preceded by the PKC inhibitor tamoxifen (TAM). Extent of disease progression was assessed by behavioral, striatal biochemical and striatal/nigral histopathological/immunohistochemical analysis. KEY FINDINGS Via activating PKC/LKB1/AMPK stream, NIA post-treatment attenuated the ERSR reflected by the decline in ATF4, ATF6 and XBP1s to downregulate the apoptotic markers, CHOP/GADD153, p-JNK and active caspase-3. Such amendments congregated in motor activity/coordination improvements in open field and rotarod tasks, enhanced grid test latency and reduced overall PD scores, while boosting nigral/striatal tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity and increasing intact neurons (Nissl stain) in both SNpc and striatum that showed less neurodegeneration (H&E stain). To different extents, TAM reverted all the NIA-related actions to prove PKC as a fulcrum in conveying the drug neurotherapeutic potential. SIGNIFICANCE PKC activation is a pioneer mechanism in the drug ERSR inhibitory anti-apoptotic modality to clarify NIA promising clinical and potent preclinical anti-PD efficacy. This kinase can be tagged as a druggable target for future add-on treatments that can assist dopaminergic neuronal aptitude against this devastating neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merna Roshdy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Ahmed Orabi District, Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Doaa A Zaky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Samah S Abbas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Ahmed Orabi District, Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Dalaal M Abdallah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Hajimohammadi S, Rameshrad M, Karimi G. Exploring the therapeutic effects of sulforaphane: an in-depth review on endoplasmic reticulum stress modulation across different disease contexts. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:2185-2201. [PMID: 38922526 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01506-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an intracellular organelle that contributes to the folding of proteins and calcium homeostasis. Numerous elements can disrupt its function, leading to the accumulation of proteins that are unfolded or misfolded in the lumen of the ER, a condition that is known as ER stress. This phenomenon can trigger cell death through the activation of apoptosis and inflammation. Glucoraphanin (GRA) is the predominant glucosinolate found in cruciferous vegetables. Various mechanical and biochemical processes activate the enzyme myrosinase, leading to the hydrolysis of glucoraphanin into the bioactive compound sulforaphane. Sulforaphane is an organosulfur compound that belongs to the isothiocyanate group. It possesses a wide range of activities and has shown remarkable potential as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, and anti-angiogenic substance. Additionally, sulforaphane is resistant to oxidation, has been demonstrated to have low toxicity, and is considered well-tolerable in individuals. These properties make it a valuable natural dietary supplement for research purposes. Sulforaphane has been demonstrated as a potential candidate drug molecule for managing a range of diseases, primarily because of its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties, which can be mediated by modulation of ER stress pathways. This review seeks to cover a wealth of data supporting the broad range of protective functions of sulforaphane, improving various diseases, such as cardiovascular, central nervous system, liver, eye, and reproductive diseases, as well as diabetes, cancer, gastroenteritis, and osteoarthritis, through the amelioration of ER stress in both in vivo and in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Hajimohammadi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Rameshrad
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
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Ahuja N, Gupta S, Arora R, Bhagyaraj E, Tiwari D, Kumar S, Gupta P. Nr1h4 and Thrb ameliorate ER stress and provide protection in the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302416. [PMID: 38609183 PMCID: PMC11015051 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Elevated ER stress has been linked to the pathogenesis of several disease conditions including neurodegeneration. In this study, we have holistically determined the differential expression of all the nuclear receptors (NRs) in the presence of classical ER stress inducers. Activation of Nr1h4 and Thrb by their cognate ligands (GW4064 and T3) ameliorates the tunicamycin (TM)-induced expression of ER stress genes. A combination of both ligands is effective in mitigating cell death induced by TM. Further exploration of their protective effects in the Parkinson's disease (PD) model shows that they reduce MPP+-induced dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS generation in an in vitro PD model in neuronal cells. Furthermore, the generation of an experimental murine PD model reveals that simultaneous treatment of GW4064 and T3 protects mice from ER stress, dopaminergic cell death, and functional deficits in the MPTP mouse model of PD. Thus, activation of Nr1h4 and Thrb by their respective ligands plays an indispensable role in ER stress amelioration and mounts protective effects in the MPTP mouse model of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Ahuja
- https://ror.org/055rjs771 Department of Molecular Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shalini Gupta
- https://ror.org/055rjs771 Department of Molecular Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rashmi Arora
- https://ror.org/055rjs771 Department of Molecular Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
- https://ror.org/053rcsq61 Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Ella Bhagyaraj
- https://ror.org/055rjs771 Department of Molecular Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Drishti Tiwari
- https://ror.org/055rjs771 Department of Molecular Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sumit Kumar
- https://ror.org/055rjs771 Department of Molecular Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pawan Gupta
- https://ror.org/055rjs771 Department of Molecular Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
- https://ror.org/053rcsq61 Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Umapathy S, Pan I, Issac PK, Kumar MSK, Giri J, Guru A, Arockiaraj J. Selenium Nanoparticles as Neuroprotective Agents: Insights into Molecular Mechanisms for Parkinson's Disease Treatment. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04253-x. [PMID: 38837103 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04253-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the brain are the main causes of Parkinson's disease (PD). Several nanoparticles have been used as therapeutics for PD. Despite their therapeutic potential, these nanoparticles induce multiple stresses upon entry. Selenium (Se), an essential nutrient in the human body, helps in DNA formation, stress control, and cell protection from damage and infections. It can also regulate thyroid hormone metabolism, reduce brain damage, boost immunity, and promote reproductive health. Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs), a bioactive substance, have been employed as treatments in several disciplines, particularly as antioxidants. Se-NP, whether functionalized or not, can protect mitochondria by enhancing levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes in the brain. They can also promote dopamine synthesis. By inhibiting the aggregation of tau, α-synuclein, and/or Aβ, they can reduce the cellular toxicities. The ability of the blood-brain barrier to absorb Se-NPs which maintain a healthy microenvironment is essential for brain homeostasis. This review focuses on stress-induced neurodegeneration and its critical control using Se-NP. Due to its ability to inhibit cellular stress and the pathophysiologies of PD, Se-NP is a promising neuroprotector with its anti-inflammatory, non-toxic, and antimicrobial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suganiya Umapathy
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India
| | - Ieshita Pan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India.
| | - Praveen Kumar Issac
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India
| | - Meenakshi Sundaram Kishore Kumar
- Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre (BRULAC), Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India
| | - Jayant Giri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur, India
| | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
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7
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Stahl A, Tomchik SM. Modeling neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders in the Drosophila mushroom body. Learn Mem 2024; 31:a053816. [PMID: 38876485 PMCID: PMC11199955 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053816.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
The common fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster provides a powerful platform to investigate the genetic, molecular, cellular, and neural circuit mechanisms of behavior. Research in this model system has shed light on multiple aspects of brain physiology and behavior, from fundamental neuronal function to complex behaviors. A major anatomical region that modulates complex behaviors is the mushroom body (MB). The MB integrates multimodal sensory information and is involved in behaviors ranging from sensory processing/responses to learning and memory. Many genes that underlie brain disorders are conserved, from flies to humans, and studies in Drosophila have contributed significantly to our understanding of the mechanisms of brain disorders. Genetic mutations that mimic human diseases-such as Fragile X syndrome, neurofibromatosis type 1, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease-affect MB structure and function, altering behavior. Studies dissecting the effects of disease-causing mutations in the MB have identified key pathological mechanisms, and the development of a complete connectome promises to add a comprehensive anatomical framework for disease modeling. Here, we review Drosophila models of human neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders via the effects of their underlying mutations on MB structure, function, and the resulting behavioral alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Stahl
- Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Seth M Tomchik
- Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
- Hawk-IDDRC, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
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8
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Ali NH, Alhamdan NA, Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Elekhnawy E, Batiha GES. Irisin/PGC-1α/FNDC5 pathway in Parkinson's disease: truth under the throes. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1985-1995. [PMID: 37819389 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02726-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is considered one of the most common neurodegenerative brain diseases which involves the deposition of α-synuclein. Irisin hormone, a newly discovered adipokine, has a valuable role in diverse neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, this review aims to elucidate the possible role of the irisin hormone in PD neuropathology. Irisin hormone has a neuroprotective effect against the development and progression of various neurodegenerative disorders by increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Irisin hormone has anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-oxidative impacts, thereby reducing the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines and the progression of neuroinflammation. Irisin-induced PGC-1α could potentially prevent α-synuclein-induced dopaminergic injury, neuroinflammation, and neurotoxicity in PD. Inhibition of NF-κB by irisin improves PGC-1α and FNDC5 signaling pathway with subsequent attenuation of PD neuropathology. Therefore, the irisin/PGC-1α/FNDC5 pathway could prevent dopaminergic neuronal injury. In conclusion, the irisin hormone has a neuroprotective effect through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant impacts with the amelioration of brain BDNF levels. Further preclinical and clinical studies are recommended in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif H Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nourah Ahmad Alhamdan
- Department of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, 14132, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, 14132, Iraq
| | - Engy Elekhnawy
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt.
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Al‐kuraishy HM, Al‐Gareeb AI, Albuhadily AK, Elewa YHA, AL‐Farga A, Aqlan F, Zahran MH, Batiha GE. Sleep disorders cause Parkinson's disease or the reverse is true: Good GABA good night. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14521. [PMID: 38491789 PMCID: PMC10943276 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative brain disease due to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons (DNs) presented with motor and non-motor symptoms. PD symptoms are developed in response to the disturbance of diverse neurotransmitters including γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA has a neuroprotective effect against PD neuropathology by protecting DNs in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). It has been shown that the degeneration of GABAergic neurons is linked with the degeneration of DNs and the progression of motor and non-motor PD symptoms. GABA neurotransmission is a necessary pathway for normal sleep patterns, thus deregulation of GABAergic neurotransmission in PD could be the potential cause of sleep disorders in PD. AIM Sleep disorders affect GABA neurotransmission leading to memory and cognitive dysfunction in PD. For example, insomnia and short sleep duration are associated with a reduction of brain GABA levels. Moreover, PD-related disorders including rigidity and nocturia influence sleep patterns leading to fragmented sleep which may also affect PD neuropathology. However, the mechanistic role of GABA in PD neuropathology regarding motor and non-motor symptoms is not fully elucidated. Therefore, this narrative review aims to clarify the mechanistic role of GABA in PD neuropathology mainly in sleep disorders, and how good GABA improves PD. In addition, this review of published articles tries to elucidate how sleep disorders such as insomnia and REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) affect PD neuropathology and severity. The present review has many limitations including the paucity of prospective studies and most findings are taken from observational and preclinical studies. GABA involvement in the pathogenesis of PD has been recently discussed by recent studies. Therefore, future prospective studies regarding the use of GABA agonists in the management of PD are suggested to observe their distinct effects on motor and non-motor symptoms. CONCLUSION There is a bidirectional relationship between the pathogenesis of PD and sleep disorders which might be due to GABA deregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M. Al‐kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineAl‐Mustansiriya UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Ali I. Al‐Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineAl‐Mustansiriya UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Ali K. Albuhadily
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineAl‐Mustansiriya UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Yaser Hosny Ali Elewa
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt
- Faculty of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan
| | - Ammar AL‐Farga
- Biochemistry Department, College of SciencesUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudia Arbia
| | - Faisal Aqlan
- Department of Chemistry, College of SciencesIbb UniversityIbb GovernorateYemen
| | | | - Gaber El‐Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineDamanhur UniversityDamanhurEgypt
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Alnaaim SA, Al-Kuraishy HM, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Saad HM, Batiha GES. Role of Brain Liver X Receptor in Parkinson's Disease: Hidden Treasure and Emerging Opportunities. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:341-357. [PMID: 37606719 PMCID: PMC10791998 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03561-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease due to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons (DNs) in the substantia nigra (SN). The liver X receptor (LXR) is involved in different neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, the objective of the present review was to clarify the possible role of LXR in PD neuropathology. LXRs are the most common nuclear receptors of transcription factors that regulate cholesterol metabolism and have pleiotropic effects, including anti-inflammatory effects and reducing intracellular cholesterol accumulation. LXRs are highly expressed in the adult brain and act as endogenous sensors for intracellular cholesterol. LXRs have neuroprotective effects against the development of neuroinflammation in different neurodegenerative diseases by inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. LXRs play an essential role in mitigating PD neuropathology by reducing the expression of inflammatory signaling pathways, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and enhancement of BDNF signaling.In conclusion, LXRs, through regulating brain cholesterol homeostasis, may be effectual in PD. Also, inhibition of node-like receptor pyrin 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) by LXRs could effectively prevent neuroinflammation in PD. Taken together, LXRs play a crucial role in PD neuropathology by inhibiting neuroinflammation and associated degeneration of DNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saud A Alnaaim
- Clinical Neurosciences Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Medicine, College of Medicine, ALmustansiriyiah University, Baghdad, 14132, Iraq
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia
- AFNP Med, 1030, Wien, Austria
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, University of Witten-Herdecke, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Hebatallah M Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Marsa Matruh, 51744, Egypt
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, AlBeheira, 22511, Egypt
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11
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Nishiguchi H, Omura T, Sato A, Kitahiro Y, Yamamoto K, Kunimasa J, Yano I. Luteolin Protects Against 6-Hydoroxydopamine-Induced Cell Death via an Upregulation of HRD1 and SEL1L. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:117-128. [PMID: 37632637 PMCID: PMC10776467 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04019-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is caused by many factors and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is considered as one of the responsible factors for it. ER stress induces the activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system to degrade unfolded proteins and suppress cell death. The ubiquitin ligase 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase degradation 1 (HRD1) and its stabilizing molecule, the suppressor/enhancer lin-12-like (SEL1L), can suppress the ER stress via the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and that HRD1 can also suppress cell death in familial and nonfamilial PD models. These findings indicate that HRD1 and SEL1L might be key proteins for the treatment of PD. Our study aimed to identify the compounds with the effects of upregulating the HRD1 expression and suppressing neuronal cell death in a 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced cellular PD model. Our screening by the Drug Gene Budger, a drug repositioning tool, identified luteolin as a candidate compound for the desired modulation of the HRD1 expression. Subsequently, we confirmed that low concentrations of luteolin did not show cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells, and used these low concentrations in the subsequent experiments. Next, we demonsrated that luteolin increased HRD1 and SEL1L mRNA levels and protein expressions. Furthermore, luteolin inhibited 6-OHDA-induced cell death and suppressed ER stress response caused by exposure to 6-OHDA. Finally, luteolin did not reppress 6-OHDA-induced cell death when expression of HRD1 or SEL1L was suppressed by RNA interference. These findings suggest that luteolin might be a novel therapeutic agent for PD due to its ability to suppress ER stress through the activation of HRD1 and SEL1L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Nishiguchi
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Omura
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Ayaka Sato
- Education and Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Yumi Kitahiro
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Junichi Kunimasa
- Education and Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Ikuko Yano
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
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12
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Basiji K, Sendani AA, Ghavami SB, Farmani M, Kazemifard N, Sadeghi A, Lotfali E, Aghdaei HA. The critical role of gut-brain axis microbiome in mental disorders. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2547-2561. [PMID: 37436588 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01248-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The Gut-brain axis is a bidirectional neural and humoral signaling that plays an important role in mental disorders and intestinal health and connects them as well. Over the past decades, the gut microbiota has been explored as an important part of the gastrointestinal tract that plays a crucial role in the regulation of most functions of various human organs. The evidence shows several mediators such as short-chain fatty acids, peptides, and neurotransmitters that are produced by the gut may affect the brain's function directly or indirectly. Thus, dysregulation in this microbiome community can give rise to several diseases such as Parkinson's disease, depression, irritable bowel syndrome, and Alzheimer's disease. So, the interactions between the gut and the brain are significantly considered, and also it provides a prominent subject to investigate the causes of some diseases. In this article, we reviewed and focused on the role of the largest and most repetitive bacterial community and their relevance with some diseases that they have mentioned previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Basiji
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Aghamohammadi Sendani
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Baradaran Ghavami
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Farmani
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nesa Kazemifard
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Sadeghi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ensieh Lotfali
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Alrouji M, Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Mahammadawy AKAA, Al-Gareeb AI, Saad HM, Batiha GES. The potential role of cholesterol in Parkinson's disease neuropathology: perpetrator or victim. Neurol Sci 2023; 44:3781-3794. [PMID: 37428278 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06926-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by deposition of α-synuclein and aggregation of Lewy bodies. Cholesterol is involved with PD neuropathology in bidirectional ways that could be protective or harmful. Thus, the objective of the present review was to verify the potential role of cholesterol in PD neuropathology. Deregulation of ion channels and receptors induced by cholesterol alteration suggests a possible mechanism for the neuroprotective effects of cholesterol against PD development. However, high serum cholesterol level increases PD risk indirectly by 27-hydroxycholesterol which induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Besides, hypercholesterolemia triggers the accumulation of cholesterol in macrophages and immune cells leading to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines with progression of neuroinflammation subsequently. Additionally, cholesterol increases aggregation of α-synuclein and induces degeneration of dopaminergic neurons (DN) in the substantia nigra (SN). Hypercholesterolemia may lead to cellular Ca2+ overload causing synaptic and the development of neurodegeneration. In conclusion, cholesterol has bidirectional effects on PD neuropathology and might be protective or harmful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alrouji
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, M.B.Ch.B, FRCP; Box, Baghdad, 14132, Iraq
| | | | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, M.B.Ch.B, FRCP; Box, Baghdad, 14132, Iraq
| | - Hebatallah M Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Marsa Matrouh, 51744, Egypt.
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Al Beheira, 22511, Egypt.
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Kaur S, Sehrawat A, Mastana SS, Kandimalla R, Sharma PK, Bhatti GK, Bhatti JS. Targeting calcium homeostasis and impaired inter-organelle crosstalk as a potential therapeutic approach in Parkinson's disease. Life Sci 2023; 330:121995. [PMID: 37541578 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to motor symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. Current therapeutic strategies for PD are limited and mainly involve symptomatic relief, with no available treatment for the underlying causes of the disease. Therefore, there is a need for new therapeutic approaches that target the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of PD. Calcium homeostasis is an essential process for maintaining proper cellular function and survival, including neuronal cells. Calcium dysregulation is also observed in various organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondria, and lysosomes, resulting in organelle dysfunction and impaired inter-organelle communication. The ER, as the primary calcium reservoir, is responsible for folding proteins and maintaining calcium homeostasis, and its dysregulation can lead to protein misfolding and neurodegeneration. The crosstalk between ER and mitochondrial calcium signaling is disrupted in PD, leading to neuronal dysfunction and death. In addition, a lethal network of calcium cytotoxicity utilizes mitochondria, ER and lysosome to destroy neurons. This review article focused on the complex role of calcium dysregulation and its role in aggravating functioning of organelles in PD so as to provide new insight into therapeutic strategies for treating this disease. Targeting dysfunctional organelles, such as the ER and mitochondria and lysosomes and whole network of calcium dyshomeostasis can restore proper calcium homeostasis and improve neuronal function. Additionally targeting calcium dyshomeostasis that arises from miscommunication between several organelles can be targeted so that therapeutic effects of calcium are realised in whole cellular territory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satinder Kaur
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Abhishek Sehrawat
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Sarabjit Singh Mastana
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
| | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Gurjit Kaur Bhatti
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
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15
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Parkkinen I, Their A, Asghar MY, Sree S, Jokitalo E, Airavaara M. Pharmacological Regulation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Structure and Calcium Dynamics: Importance for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:959-978. [PMID: 37127349 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the largest organelle of the cell, composed of a continuous network of sheets and tubules, and is involved in protein, calcium (Ca2+), and lipid homeostasis. In neurons, the ER extends throughout the cell, both somal and axodendritic compartments, and is highly important for neuronal functions. A third of the proteome of a cell, secreted and membrane-bound proteins, are processed within the ER lumen and most of these proteins are vital for neuronal activity. The brain itself is high in lipid content, and many structural lipids are produced, in part, by the ER. Cholesterol and steroid synthesis are strictly regulated in the ER of the blood-brain barrier protected brain cells. The high Ca2+ level in the ER lumen and low cytosolic concentration is needed for Ca2+-based intracellular signaling, for synaptic signaling and Ca2+ waves, and for preparing proteins for correct folding in the presence of high Ca2+ concentrations to cope with the high concentrations of extracellular milieu. Particularly, ER Ca2+ is controlled in axodendritic areas for proper neurito- and synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity and remodeling. In this review, we cover the physiologic functions of the neuronal ER and discuss it in context of common neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on pharmacological regulation of ER Ca2+ Furthermore, we postulate that heterogeneity of the ER, its protein folding capacity, and ensuring Ca2+ regulation are crucial factors for the aging and selective vulnerability of neurons in various neurodegenerative diseases. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ regulators are promising therapeutic targets for degenerative diseases for which efficacious drug therapies do not exist. The use of pharmacological probes targeting maintenance and restoration of ER Ca2+ can provide restoration of protein homeostasis (e.g., folding of complex plasma membrane signaling receptors) and slow down the degeneration process of neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilmari Parkkinen
- Neuroscience Center (I.P., A.T., M.A.), Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy (I.P., M.A.), Cell and Tissue Dynamics Research Program, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (M.Y.A., S.S., E.J.), and Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (E.J.), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Their
- Neuroscience Center (I.P., A.T., M.A.), Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy (I.P., M.A.), Cell and Tissue Dynamics Research Program, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (M.Y.A., S.S., E.J.), and Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (E.J.), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Muhammad Yasir Asghar
- Neuroscience Center (I.P., A.T., M.A.), Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy (I.P., M.A.), Cell and Tissue Dynamics Research Program, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (M.Y.A., S.S., E.J.), and Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (E.J.), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sreesha Sree
- Neuroscience Center (I.P., A.T., M.A.), Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy (I.P., M.A.), Cell and Tissue Dynamics Research Program, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (M.Y.A., S.S., E.J.), and Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (E.J.), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eija Jokitalo
- Neuroscience Center (I.P., A.T., M.A.), Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy (I.P., M.A.), Cell and Tissue Dynamics Research Program, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (M.Y.A., S.S., E.J.), and Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (E.J.), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Airavaara
- Neuroscience Center (I.P., A.T., M.A.), Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy (I.P., M.A.), Cell and Tissue Dynamics Research Program, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (M.Y.A., S.S., E.J.), and Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (E.J.), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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16
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Schneider JS. GM1 Ganglioside as a Disease-Modifying Therapeutic for Parkinson's Disease: A Multi-Functional Glycosphingolipid That Targets Multiple Parkinson's Disease-Relevant Pathogenic Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9183. [PMID: 37298133 PMCID: PMC10252733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions of patients worldwide. Many therapeutics are available for treating PD symptoms but there is no disease-modifying therapeutic that has been unequivocally shown to slow or stop the progression of the disease. There are several factors contributing to the failure of many putative disease-modifying agents in clinical trials and these include the choice of patients and clinical trial designs for disease modification trials. Perhaps more important, however, is the choice of therapeutic, which for the most part, has not taken into account the multiple and complex pathogenic mechanisms and processes involved in PD. This paper discusses some of the factors contributing to the lack of success in PD disease-modification trials, which have mostly investigated therapeutics with a singular mechanism of action directed at one of the many PD pathogenic processes, and suggests that an alternative strategy for success may be to employ multi-functional therapeutics that target multiple PD-relevant pathogenic mechanisms. Evidence is presented that the multi-functional glycosphingolipid GM1 ganglioside may be just such a therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay S Schneider
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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17
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Alrouji M, Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Zaafar D, Batiha GES. Orexin pathway in Parkinson's disease: a review. Mol Biol Rep 2023:10.1007/s11033-023-08459-5. [PMID: 37155018 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08459-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease (NDD) caused by dopaminergic neuron degeneration in the substantia nigra (SN). Orexin is a neuropeptide that plays a role in the pathogenesis of PD. Orexin has neuroprotective properties in dopaminergic neurons. In PD neuropathology, there is also degeneration of orexinergic neurons in the hypothalamus, in addition to dopaminergic neurons. However, the loss of orexinergic neurons in PD began after the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Reduced activity of orexinergic neurons has been linked to developing and progressing motor and non-motor symptoms in PD. In addition, the dysregulation of the orexin pathway is linked to the development of sleep disorders. The hypothalamic orexin pathway regulates various aspects of PD neuropathology at the cellular, subcellular, and molecular levels. Finally, non-motor symptoms, particularly insomnia and disturbed sleep, promote neuroinflammation and the accumulation of neurotoxic proteins as a result of defects in autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and the glymphatic system. As a result, this review aimed to highlight the potential role of orexin in PD neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alrouji
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of clinical pharmacology and therapeutic medicine, college of medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of clinical pharmacology and therapeutic medicine, college of medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Dalia Zaafar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Al Beheira, Egypt.
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Yoo YM, Joo SS. Melatonin Can Modulate Neurodegenerative Diseases by Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032381. [PMID: 36768703 PMCID: PMC9916953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
As people age, their risks of developing degenerative diseases such as cancer, diabetes, Parkinson's Disease (PD), Alzheimer's Disease (AD), rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoporosis are generally increasing. Millions of people worldwide suffer from these diseases as they age. In most countries, neurodegenerative diseases are generally recognized as the number one cause afflicting the elderly. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been suggested to be associated with some human neurological diseases, such as PD and AD. Melatonin, a neuroendocrine hormone mainly synthesized in the pineal gland, is involved in pleiotropically biological functions, including the control of the circadian rhythm, immune enhancement, and antioxidant, anti-aging, and anti-tumor effects. Although there are many papers on the prevention or suppression of diseases by melatonin, there are very few papers about the effects of melatonin on ER stress in neurons and neurodegenerative diseases. This paper aims to summarize and present the effects of melatonin reported so far, focusing on its effects on neurons and neurodegenerative diseases related to ER stress. Studies have shown that the primary target molecule of ER stress for melatonin is CHOP, and PERK and GRP78/BiP are the secondary target molecules. Therefore, melatonin is crucial in protecting neurons and treating neurodegeneration against ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Min Yoo
- East Coast Life Sciences Institute, College of Life Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-M.Y.); (S.S.J.); Tel.: +82-10-2494-5309 (Y.-M.Y.); +82-33-640-2856 (S.S.J.); Fax: +82-33-640-2849 (Y.-M.Y. & S.S.J.)
| | - Seong Soo Joo
- Department of Marine Bioscience, College of Life Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-M.Y.); (S.S.J.); Tel.: +82-10-2494-5309 (Y.-M.Y.); +82-33-640-2856 (S.S.J.); Fax: +82-33-640-2849 (Y.-M.Y. & S.S.J.)
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Motawi TK, Al-Kady RH, Senousy MA, Abdelraouf SM. Repaglinide Elicits a Neuroprotective Effect in Rotenone-Induced Parkinson's Disease in Rats: Emphasis on Targeting the DREAM-ER Stress BiP/ATF6/CHOP Trajectory and Activation of Mitophagy. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:180-194. [PMID: 36538285 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Repaglinide, a meglitinide insulinotropic antidiabetic, was unraveled as a promising therapeutic agent for Huntington's disease by targeting the neuronal calcium sensor downstream regulatory element antagonist modulator (DREAM). However, its mechanistic profile in Parkinson's disease (PD) especially its impact on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitophagy, and their interconnections is poorly elucidated. This study is the first to examine the neuroprotective potential of repaglinide in rotenone-induced PD in rats by exploring its effects on DREAM, BiP/ATF6/CHOP ER stress pathway, apoptosis, mitophagy/autophagy, oxidative stress, astrogliosis/microgliosis, and neuroinflammation. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups: groups 1 and 2 received the vehicle or repaglinide (0.5 mg/kg/day p.o). Groups 3 and 4 received rotenone (1.5 mg/kg/48 h s.c) for 21 days; meanwhile, group 4 additionally received repaglinide (0.5 mg/kg/day p.o) for 15 days starting from day 11. Interestingly, repaglinide lessened striatal ER stress and apoptosis as evidenced by reduced BiP/ATF6/CHOP and caspase-3 levels; however, it augmented striatal DREAM mRNA expression. Repaglinide triggered the expression of the mitophagy marker PINK1 and the autophagy protein beclin1 and alleviated striatal oxidative stress through escalating catalase activity. In addition, repaglinide halted astrocyte/microglial activation and neuroinflammation in the striatum as expressed by reducing glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionized calcium-binding adaptor protein 1 (Iba1) immunostaining and decreasing interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β levels. Repaglinide restored striatum morphological alterations, intact neuron count, and neurobehavioral motor performance in rats examined by an open field, grip strength, and footprint gait analysis. Conclusively, repaglinide modulates the DREAM-ER stress BiP/ATF6/CHOP cascade, increases mitophagy/autophagy, inhibits apoptosis, and lessens oxidative stress, astrocyte/microglial activation, and neuroinflammation in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek K Motawi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Rawan H Al-Kady
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo 44971, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Senousy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.,Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, Egyptian Chinese University, Cairo 11786, Egypt
| | - Sahar M Abdelraouf
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo 44971, Egypt
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20
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Panagaki T, Randi EB, Szabo C, Hölscher C. Incretin Mimetics Restore the ER-Mitochondrial Axis and Switch Cell Fate Towards Survival in LUHMES Dopaminergic-Like Neurons: Implications for Novel Therapeutic Strategies in Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2023; 13:1149-1174. [PMID: 37718851 PMCID: PMC10657688 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-230030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder that afflicts more than 10 million people worldwide. Available therapeutic interventions do not stop disease progression. The etiopathogenesis of PD includes unbalanced calcium dynamics and chronic dysfunction of the axis of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria that all can gradually favor protein aggregation and dopaminergic degeneration. OBJECTIVE In Lund Human Mesencephalic (LUHMES) dopaminergic-like neurons, we tested novel incretin mimetics under conditions of persistent, calcium-dependent ER stress. METHODS We assessed the pharmacological effects of Liraglutide-a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog-and the dual incretin GLP-1/GIP agonist DA3-CH in the unfolded protein response (UPR), cell bioenergetics, mitochondrial biogenesis, macroautophagy, and intracellular signaling for cell fate in terminally differentiated LUHMES cells. Cells were co-stressed with the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) inhibitor, thapsigargin. RESULTS We report that Liraglutide and DA3-CH analogs rescue the arrested oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. They mitigate the suppressed mitochondrial biogenesis and hyper-polarization of the mitochondrial membrane, all to re-establish normalcy of mitochondrial function under conditions of chronic ER stress. These effects correlate with a resolution of the UPR and the deficiency of components for autophagosome formation to ultimately halt the excessive synaptic and neuronal death. Notably, the dual incretin displayed a superior anti-apoptotic effect, when compared to Liraglutide. CONCLUSIONS The results confirm the protective effects of incretin signaling in ER and mitochondrial stress for neuronal degeneration management and further explain the incretin-derived effects observed in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Panagaki
- Faculty of Science & Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Elisa B. Randi
- Faculty of Science & Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Faculty of Science & Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Christian Hölscher
- Research & Experimental Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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21
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van den Hurk M, Lau S, Marchetto MC, Mertens J, Stern S, Corti O, Brice A, Winner B, Winkler J, Gage FH, Bardy C. Druggable transcriptomic pathways revealed in Parkinson's patient-derived midbrain neurons. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:134. [PMID: 36258029 PMCID: PMC9579158 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00400-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex genetic predispositions accelerate the chronic degeneration of midbrain substantia nigra neurons in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Deciphering the human molecular makeup of PD pathophysiology can guide the discovery of therapeutics to slow the disease progression. However, insights from human postmortem brain studies only portray the latter stages of PD, and there is a lack of data surrounding molecular events preceding the neuronal loss in patients. We address this gap by identifying the gene dysregulation of live midbrain neurons reprogrammed in vitro from the skin cells of 42 individuals, including sporadic and familial PD patients and matched healthy controls. To minimize bias resulting from neuronal reprogramming and RNA-seq methods, we developed an analysis pipeline integrating PD transcriptomes from different RNA-seq datasets (unsorted and sorted bulk vs. single-cell and Patch-seq) and reprogramming strategies (induced pluripotency vs. direct conversion). This PD cohort’s transcriptome is enriched for human genes associated with known clinical phenotypes of PD, regulation of locomotion, bradykinesia and rigidity. Dysregulated gene expression emerges strongest in pathways underlying synaptic transmission, metabolism, intracellular trafficking, neural morphogenesis and cellular stress/immune responses. We confirmed a synaptic impairment with patch-clamping and identified pesticides and endoplasmic reticulum stressors as the most significant gene-chemical interactions in PD. Subsequently, we associated the PD transcriptomic profile with candidate pharmaceuticals in a large database and a registry of current clinical trials. This study highlights human transcriptomic pathways that can be targeted therapeutically before the irreversible neuronal loss. Furthermore, it demonstrates the preclinical relevance of unbiased large transcriptomic assays of reprogrammed patient neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark van den Hurk
- grid.430453.50000 0004 0565 2606South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Laboratory for Human Neurophysiology and Genetics, Adelaide, SA Australia
| | - Shong Lau
- grid.250671.70000 0001 0662 7144Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Maria C. Marchetto
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Anthropology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Jerome Mertens
- grid.250671.70000 0001 0662 7144Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA USA ,grid.5771.40000 0001 2151 8122Neural Aging Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biology, CMBI, Leopold-Franzens-University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol Austria
| | - Shani Stern
- grid.250671.70000 0001 0662 7144Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA USA ,grid.18098.380000 0004 1937 0562Sagol Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Olga Corti
- grid.425274.20000 0004 0620 5939Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, DMU BioGeM, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Brice
- grid.425274.20000 0004 0620 5939Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, DMU BioGeM, Paris, France
| | - Beate Winner
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Stem Cell Biology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany ,grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Center of Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany ,grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Winkler
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Stem Cell Biology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany ,grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Center of Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany ,grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fred H. Gage
- grid.250671.70000 0001 0662 7144Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Cedric Bardy
- grid.430453.50000 0004 0565 2606South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Laboratory for Human Neurophysiology and Genetics, Adelaide, SA Australia ,grid.1014.40000 0004 0367 2697Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA Australia
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22
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Wood SA, Hains PG, Muller A, Hill M, Premarathne S, Murtaza M, Robinson PJ, Mellick GD, Sykes AM. Proteomic profiling of idiopathic Parkinson's disease primary patient cells by SWATH-MS. Proteomics Clin Appl 2022; 16:e2200015. [PMID: 35579911 PMCID: PMC9787017 DOI: 10.1002/prca.202200015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease. It is generally diagnosed clinically after the irreversible loss of dopaminergic neurons and no general biomarkers currently exist. To gain insight into the underlying cellular causes of PD we aimed to quantify the proteomic differences between healthy control and PD patient cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Sequential Window Acquisition of all THeoretical Mass Spectra was performed on primary cells from healthy controls and PD patients. RESULTS In total, 1948 proteins were quantified and 228 proteins were significantly differentially expressed in PD patient cells. In PD patient cells, we identified seven significantly increased proteins involved in the unfolded protein response (UPR) and focused on cells with high and low amounts of PDIA6 and HYOU1. We discovered that PD patients with high amounts of PDIA6 and HYOU1 proteins were more sensitive to endoplasmic reticulum stress, in particular to tunicamycin. Data is available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD030723. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This data from primary patient cells has uncovered a critical role of the UPR in patients with PD and may provide insight to the underlying cellular dysfunctions in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A. Wood
- Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityNathanQueenslandAustralia
| | - Peter G. Hains
- Cell Signalling UnitChildren's Medical Research InstituteThe University of SydneyWestmeadNSWAustralia
| | | | - Melissa Hill
- Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityNathanQueenslandAustralia
| | - Susitha Premarathne
- Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityNathanQueenslandAustralia
| | - Mariyam Murtaza
- Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityNathanQueenslandAustralia
| | - Phillip J. Robinson
- Cell Signalling UnitChildren's Medical Research InstituteThe University of SydneyWestmeadNSWAustralia
| | - George D. Mellick
- Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityNathanQueenslandAustralia
| | - Alex M. Sykes
- Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityNathanQueenslandAustralia
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23
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Meyer-Miner A, Van Gennip JL, Henke K, Harris MP, Ciruna B. using a new katnb1 scoliosis model. iScience 2022; 25:105028. [PMID: 36105588 PMCID: PMC9464966 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Meyer-Miner
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jenica L.M. Van Gennip
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Katrin Henke
- Department of Orthopedic Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Matthew P. Harris
- Department of Orthopedic Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brian Ciruna
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Corresponding author
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24
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Jangra A, Verma M, Kumar D, Chandrika C, Rachamalla M, Dey A, Dua K, Jha SK, Ojha S, Alexiou A, Kumar D, Jha NK. Targeting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress using Natural Products in Neurological Disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 141:104818. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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25
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Li QM, Li X, Su SQ, Wang YT, Xu T, Zha XQ, Pan LH, Shang ZZ, Zhang FY, Luo JP. Dendrobine inhibits dopaminergic neuron apoptosis via MANF-mediated ER stress suppression in MPTP/MPP +-induced Parkinson's disease models. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 102:154193. [PMID: 35636177 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder without effective treatments. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) has been suggested to be capable of protecting against PD by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated neuronal apoptosis. PURPOSE This study was aimed to evaluate the antiparkinsonian effect of dendrobine and reveal its underlying mechanisms from the perspective of MANF-mediated ER stress suppression. METHODS Behavioral assessments of PD mice as well as LDH/CCK-8 assay in SH-SY5Y cells and primary midbrain neurons were carried out to detect the antiparkinsonian effect of dendrobine. Immunofluorescence, western blot, flow cytometry and shRNA-mediated MANF knockdown were used to determine the apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons and the expressions of ER stress-related proteins for investigating the underlying mechanism of dendrobine. RESULTS Dendrobine significantly ameliorated the motor performance of PD mice and attenuated the injuries of dopaminergic neurons. Dendrobine could also relieve neuronal apoptosis, up-regulate MANF expression and inhibit ER stress, which were largely abolished by shRNA-mediated MANF knockdown in PD model. CONCLUSION Dendrobine might protect against PD by inhibiting dopaminergic neuron apoptosis, which was achieved by facilitating MANF-mediated ER stress suppression. Our study suggested that dendrobine could act as a MANF up-regulator to protect against PD, and provided a potential candidate for exploring etiological agents of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang-Ming Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Qiao Su
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Tong Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Qiang Zha
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua Pan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Zi Shang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Yun Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Ping Luo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Omarigliptin attenuates rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease in rats: Possible role of oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and immune modulation. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 164:113015. [PMID: 35439590 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to explore the potential neuroprotective effect of omarigliptin (OG), an antidiabetic drug that crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB), in a Parkinson's disease (PD) rotenone-based rat-model. Results showed that OG attenuated motor impairment, histological aberrations, α-synuclein accumulation, and rescued the dopaminergic neurons in rotenone-administered rats. Furthermore, OG halted rotenone-induced oxidative stress; as shown by reduced lipid peroxidation, decline in the oxidative stress sensor (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) and its downstream heme oxygenase-1. In addition, OG abrogated neuroinflammation and apoptosis in rotenone-treated rats. Moreover, OG ameliorated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in rotenone-administered rats; as evidenced by reduced levels of ER resident proteins such as glucose-regulated protein 78, C/EBP homologous protein and apoptotic caspase-12. In conclusion, this study implies repurposing of OG, as a novel neuroprotective agent due to its antioxidant properties, its effects on ER stress in addition to its anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities.
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27
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Checler F, Alves da Costa C. Parkin as a Molecular Bridge Linking Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases? Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12040559. [PMID: 35454148 PMCID: PMC9026546 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s (PD) diseases are two distinct age-related pathologies that are characterized by various common dysfunctions. They are referred to as proteinopathies characterized by ubiquitinated protein accumulation and aggregation. This accumulation is mainly due to altered lysosomal and proteasomal clearing processes and is generally accompanied by ER stress disturbance, autophagic and mitophagic defects, mitochondrial structure and function alterations and enhanced neuronal cell death. Genetic approaches aimed at identifying molecular triggers responsible for familial forms of AD or PD have helped to understand the etiology of their sporadic counterparts. It appears that several proteins thought to contribute to one of these pathologies are also likely to contribute to the other. One such protein is parkin (PK). Here, we will briefly describe anatomical lesions and genetic advances linked to AD and PD as well as the main cellular processes commonly affected in these pathologies. Further, we will focus on current studies suggesting that PK could well participate in AD and thereby act as a molecular bridge between these two pathologies. In particular, we will focus on the transcription factor function of PK and its newly described transcriptional targets that are directly related to AD- and PD-linked cellular defects.
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28
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See WZC, Naidu R, Tang KS. Cellular and Molecular Events Leading to Paraquat-Induced Apoptosis: Mechanistic Insights into Parkinson’s Disease Pathophysiology. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:3353-3369. [PMID: 35306641 PMCID: PMC9148284 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02799-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the cardinal features of tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability, in addition to other non-motor symptoms. Pathologically, PD is attributed to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, with the hallmark of the presence of intracellular protein aggregates of α-synuclein in the form of Lewy bodies. The pathogenesis of PD is still yet to be fully elucidated due to the multifactorial nature of the disease. However, a myriad of studies has indicated several intracellular events in triggering apoptotic neuronal cell death in PD. These include oxidative stress, mitochondria dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, alteration in dopamine catabolism, inactivation of tyrosine hydroxylase, and decreased levels of neurotrophic factors. Laboratory studies using the herbicide paraquat in different in vitro and in vivo models have demonstrated the induction of many PD pathological features. The selective neurotoxicity induced by paraquat has brought a new dawn in our perspectives about the pathophysiology of PD. Epidemiological data have suggested an increased risk of developing PD in the human population exposed to paraquat for a long term. This model has opened new frontiers in the quest for new therapeutic targets for PD. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the relationship between the exposure of paraquat and the pathogenesis of PD in in vitro and in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Zhi Chung See
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Science, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rakesh Naidu
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Science, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kim San Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
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29
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Chakkittukandiyil A, Sajini DV, Karuppaiah A, Selvaraj D. The principal molecular mechanisms behind the activation of Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway leading to neuroprotective action in Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Int 2022; 156:105325. [PMID: 35278519 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. PD is associated with the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta region of the midbrain. Present therapies for PD provide only symptomatic relief by restoring the dopamine (DA) level. However, they are not disease modifying agents and so they do not delay the disease progression. Alpha-synuclein aggregation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and chronic inflammation are considered to be the major pathological mechanisms mediating neurodegeneration in PD. To resist oxidative stress, the human body has an antioxidant defence mechanism consisting of many antioxidants and cytoprotective genes. The expression of those genes are largely controlled by the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1/Nuclear factor - erythroid - 2 - related factor 2/Antioxidant response element (Keap1/Nrf2/ARE) signalling pathway. The transcription factor Nrf2 is activated in response to oxidative or electrophilic stress and protects the cells from oxidative stress and inflammation. Nrf2 has been widely considered as a therapeutic target for neurodegeneration and several drugs are now being tested in clinical trials. Regulation of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway by small molecules which can act as Nrf2 activators could be effective for treating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in PD. In this review, we had discussed the principal molecular mechanisms behind the neuroprotective effects of Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway in PD. Additionally, we also discussed the small molecules and phytochemicals that could activate the Nrf2 mediated anti-oxidant pathway for neuroprotection in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amritha Chakkittukandiyil
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepak Vasudevan Sajini
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arjunan Karuppaiah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, PSG College of Pharmacy, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Divakar Selvaraj
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India.
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30
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Shi M, Chai Y, Zhang J, Chen X. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Associated Neuronal Death and Innate Immune Response in Neurological Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 12:794580. [PMID: 35082783 PMCID: PMC8784382 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.794580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal death and inflammatory response are two common pathological hallmarks of acute central nervous system injury and chronic degenerative disorders, both of which are closely related to cognitive and motor dysfunction associated with various neurological diseases. Neurological diseases are highly heterogeneous; however, they share a common pathogenesis, that is, the aberrant accumulation of misfolded/unfolded proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Fortunately, the cell has intrinsic quality control mechanisms to maintain the proteostasis network, such as chaperone-mediated folding and ER-associated degradation. However, when these control mechanisms fail, misfolded/unfolded proteins accumulate in the ER lumen and contribute to ER stress. ER stress has been implicated in nearly all neurological diseases. ER stress initiates the unfolded protein response to restore proteostasis, and if the damage is irreversible, it elicits intracellular cascades of death and inflammation. With the growing appreciation of a functional association between ER stress and neurological diseases and with the improved understanding of the multiple underlying molecular mechanisms, pharmacological and genetic targeting of ER stress are beginning to emerge as therapeutic approaches for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Chai
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
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31
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Zhang LN, Li MJ, Shang YH, Liu YR, Han-Chang H, Lao FX. Zeaxanthin Attenuates the Vicious Circle Between Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Tau Phosphorylation: Involvement of GSK-3β Activation. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 86:191-204. [PMID: 35034906 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) characterized by neurofibrillary tangles caused by hyperphosphorylated tau is the most common cause of dementia. Zeaxanthin (Zea), derived from fruits and vegetables, may reduce the risk of AD. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) might cause memory impairment in AD. OBJECTIVE Here, we studied protective role of Zea on the relationship among ERS, activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β, tau phosphorylated kinase), and p-Tau (Ser 396 and Thr 231). METHODS The results were obtained in non-RA and RA group by using different treatment, such as 9-cis-retinoic acid (RA), TM (ERS inducer), Zea, 4-PBA (ERS inhibitor), and SB216763 (GSK-3β inhibitor). The methods included flow cytometry and MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] for the detections of cell cycle and cell viability and western blot as a third measure of proteins in relation to ERS and tau phosphorylation. We have collected and analyzed all the data that suggested application of drugs for the treatment in non-RA and RA group. RESULTS Zea displays its protection on TM-induced cell injury, upregulation of GRP78 expression, and change of GSK-3β activity and tau phosphorylation when 4-PBA and SB216763 interfere with the process. CONCLUSION These studies indicated that Zea is in vicious circle in ERS, GSK-3β, and tau phosphorylation, and further reflect its potential value in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Institute of Functional Factors and Brain Science, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Jie Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Institute of Functional Factors and Brain Science, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Hui Shang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Institute of Functional Factors and Brain Science, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Ru Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Institute of Functional Factors and Brain Science, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Huang Han-Chang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Institute of Functional Factors and Brain Science, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Xue Lao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Institute of Functional Factors and Brain Science, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China
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32
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Omura T, Nomura L, Watanabe R, Nishiguchi H, Yamamoto K, Imai S, Nakagawa S, Itohara K, Yonezawa A, Nakagawa T, Kunimasa J, Yano I, Matsubara K. MicroRNA-101 Regulates 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Cell Death by Targeting Suppressor/Enhancer Lin-12-Like in SH-SY5Y Cells. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:748026. [PMID: 34955743 PMCID: PMC8695805 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.748026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been reported as a cause of Parkinson’s disease (PD). We have previously reported that the ubiquitin ligase HMG-CoA reductase degradation 1 (HRD1) and its stabilizing factor suppressor/enhancer lin-12-like (SEL1L) participate in the ER stress. In addition, we recently demonstrated that neuronal cell death is enhanced in the cellular PD model when SEL1L expression is suppressed compared with cell death when HRD1 expression is suppressed. This finding suggests that SEL1L is a critical key molecule in the strategy for PD therapy. Thus, investigation into whether microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate SEL1L expression in neurons should be interesting because relationships between miRNAs and the development of neurological diseases such as PD have been reported in recent years. In this study, using miRNA databases and previous reports, we searched for miRNAs that could regulate SEL1L expression and examined the effects of this regulation on cell death in PD models created by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Five miRNAs were identified as candidate miRNAs that could modulate SEL1L expression. Next, SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to 6-OHDA, following which miR-101 expression was found to be inversely correlated with SEL1L expression. Therefore, we selected miR-101 as a candidate miRNA for SEL1L modulation. We confirmed that miR-101 directly targets the SEL1L 3′ untranslated region, and an miR-101 mimic suppressed the 6-OHDA–induced increase in SEL1L expression and enhanced cell death. Furthermore, an miR-101 inhibitor suppressed this response. These results suggest that miR-101 regulates SEL1L expression and may serve as a new target for PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Omura
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Luna Nomura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ran Watanabe
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan.,Education and Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | | | | | - Satoshi Imai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunsaku Nakagawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kotaro Itohara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yonezawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakagawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junichi Kunimasa
- Education and Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ikuko Yano
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kazuo Matsubara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Wakayama Medical University Hospital, Wakayama, Japan
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p62/sequestosome 1 attenuates methylmercury-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Toxicol Lett 2021; 353:93-99. [PMID: 34678407 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is a hazardous environmental pollutant that causes serious toxicity in humans and animals, as well as proteotoxic stress. In our previous study, we found that MeHg induces the expression of p62/sequestosome 1 (p62) that selectively targets ubiquitinated proteins for degradation via autophagy, and that p62 might protect cells against MeHg toxicity. To further investigate the role of p62 in MeHg-induced stress responses, we evaluated the role of p62 in MeHg-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in p62 knockout (p62KO) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Treatment of wild-type (WT) MEFs were treated with MeHg (1 μM) increased mRNA levels of Chop encoding C/EBP homologous protein, Trib3 encoding Tribbles homolog 3, and Dnajb9 encoding DnaJ heat-shock protein family (Hsp40) member B9 increased, suggesting that ER stress is elicited by MeHg stress. Additionally, p62KO MEFs treated with MeHg showed a higher mRNA expression of Chop and Trib3 relative to that in WT MEFs. Furthermore, knock-in of GFP-p62 to p62KO cells diminished the Chop and Trib3 induction responses to MeHg stress and resulted in a higher cell viability than that of p62KO MEFs. These results suggest that the protective role of p62 against MeHg toxicity is partly mediated by suppressing the ER stress response.
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35
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Zhang X, Deng R, Zhang S, Deng J, Jia JJ, Sun B, Zhou X, Bai J. Thioredoxin-1 regulates calcium homeostasis in MPP + /MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease models. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 54:4827-4837. [PMID: 34132424 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Disturbance in calcium (Ca2+ ) homeostasis has been involved in a variety of neuropathological conditions including Parkinson's disease (PD). The Ca2+ channel, transient receptor potential channel 1 (TRPC1), plays a protective role in regulating entry of Ca2+ activated by store depletion of Ca2+ in endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We have showed that thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) plays a role in suppressing ER stress in PD. However, whether Trx-1 regulates TRPC1 expression in PD is still unknown. In the present study, we demonstrated that treatment of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinum ion (MPP+ ) significantly reduced the expression of TRPC1 in PC12 cells, which was restored by Trx-1 overexpression, and further decreased significantly by Trx-1 siRNA. Moreover, we found that Ca2+ entered into the cells was decreased by MPP+ in PC 12 cells, which was restored by Trx-1 overexpression, and further decreased by Trx-1 siRNA. MPP+ significantly increased calcium-dependent cysteine protease calpain1 expression in PC12 cells, which was suppressed by Trx-1 overexpression. Calpain1 expression was increased by Trx-1 siRNA or SKF96365, an inhibitor of TRPC1. Moreover, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) decreased TRPC1 expression in the substantia nigra pars compacta region (SNpc), which was restored in mice overexpressing Trx-1, and further decreased in mice of knockdown Trx-1. Inversely, the expression of calpain1 was increased by MPTP, which was suppressed in mice overexpressing Trx-1, and further increased in mice of knockdown Trx-1. In conclusion, Trx-1 regulates the Ca2+ entry through regulating TRPC1 expression after treatment of MPP+ /MPTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwen Zhang
- Laboratory of molecular neurobiology, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Ruhua Deng
- Laboratory of molecular neurobiology, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Se Zhang
- Laboratory of molecular neurobiology, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Juan Deng
- Laboratory of molecular neurobiology, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Jing Jia
- Laboratory of molecular neurobiology, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Laboratory of molecular neurobiology, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Zhou
- Laboratory of molecular neurobiology, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Bai
- Laboratory of molecular neurobiology, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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36
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Huang M, Chen S. DJ-1 in neurodegenerative diseases: Pathogenesis and clinical application. Prog Neurobiol 2021; 204:102114. [PMID: 34174373 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2021.102114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are one of the major health threats to human characterized by selective and progressive neuronal loss. The mechanisms of NDs are still not fully understood. The study of genetic defects and disease-related proteins offers us a window into the mystery of it, and the extension of knowledge indicates that different NDs share similar features, mechanisms, and even genetic or protein abnormalities. Among these findings, PARK7 and its production DJ-1 protein, which was initially found implicated in PD, have also been found altered in other NDs. PARK7 mutations, altered expression and posttranslational modification (PTM) cause DJ-1 abnormalities, which in turn lead to downstream mechanisms shared by most NDs, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, protein aggregation, autophagy defects, and so on. The knowledge of DJ-1 derived from PD researches might apply to other NDs in both basic research and clinical application, and might yield novel insights into and alternative approaches for dealing with NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoxin Huang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengdi Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China; Lab for Translational Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Immunochemistry, Shanghai Tech University, 201210, Shanghai, China.
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Wang S, Li C, Sun P, Shi J, Wu X, Liu C, Peng Z, Han H, Xu S, Yang Y, Tian Y, Li J, He H, Li J, Wang Z. PCV2 Triggers PK-15 Cell Apoptosis Through the PLC-IP3R-Ca 2+ Signaling Pathway. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:674907. [PMID: 34211446 PMCID: PMC8239299 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.674907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays an essential role in Ca2+ concentration balance and protein biosynthesis. During infection, the virus needs to complete its life process with the help of ER. At the same time, ER also produces ER stress (ERS), which induces apoptosis to resist virus infection. Our study explored the Ca2+ concentration, ERS, and the apoptosis mechanism after porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) infection. We show here that PCV2 infection induces the increased cytoplasmic Ca2+ level and PK-15 cell ER swelling. The colocalization of phospholipase C (PLC) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) in the cytoplasm was observed by laser confocal microscopy. Western blot and quantitative polymerase chain reaction experiments confirmed that PLC and IP3R expression levels increased after PCV2 infection, and Ca2+ concentration in the cytoplasm increased after virus infection. These results suggest that PCV2 infection triggers ERS of PK-15 cells via the PLC–IP3R–Ca2+ signaling pathway to promote the release of intracellular Ca2+ and led to cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.,College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Chen Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Panpan Sun
- Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianli Shi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.,College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhe Peng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Hong Han
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Shaojian Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.,College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yao Tian
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.,Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.,Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongbin He
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.,College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.,Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, China
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Ahmadi A, Hayes AW, Karimi G. Resveratrol and endoplasmic reticulum stress: A review of the potential protective mechanisms of the polyphenol. Phytother Res 2021; 35:5564-5583. [PMID: 34114705 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that performs a set of essential functions in cellular biology. These include synthesis of lipids, homeostasis of calcium, and controlling the folding of proteins. Inflammation and oxidative stress are two important reasons behind the accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins in the ER. In such circumstances, a series of measures are undertaken in the cell which are collectively called unfolded protein response (UPR). The aim of UPR is to reduce the burden of protein aggregates and promote survival. However, extended and unrestricted ER stress (ERS) can induce further inflammation and apoptosis. ERS and the UPR are involved in different diseases such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. Resveratrol (RSV), a natural polyphenol, has well-documented evidence supporting its numerous biological properties including antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antiobesity, antidiabetic, and antiischemic activities. The compound is also known for its potential beneficial effects on cognitive function and liver, kidney, and lung health. In this review, the role of ERS in several pathological conditions and the potential protective effects of RSV are discussed. However, the scarcity of clinical data means that more research needs to be conducted to gain a lucid understanding of RSV's effects on endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ahmadi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- University of South Florida, Tampa, FL USA and Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Gong Y, Yang J, Wei S, Yang R, Gao L, Shao S, Zhao J. Lipotoxicity suppresses the synthesis of growth hormone in pituitary somatotrophs via endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:5250-5259. [PMID: 33943005 PMCID: PMC8178284 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipotoxicity has been shown to cause dysfunction of many organs and tissues. However, it is unclear whether lipotoxicity is harmful to the somatotrophs, a kind of cell that synthesize growth hormone (GH) in the pituitary. In this study, we performed an epidemiological study, serum levels of triglyceride (TG) and GH showed a negative correlation, even after adjustment for potential confounders. In an animal study, male Sprague‐Dawley rats were fed a high‐fat diet (HFD) or a control diet for 28 weeks. HFD rats showed impaired GH synthesis, resulting in a decrease in circulating GH levels. The expression of pituitary Pit‐1, a key transcription factor of GH, was inhibited. We found that the inositol‐requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) pathway of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was triggered in HFD rat pituitary glands and palmitic acid‐treated GH3 cells, respectively. On the contrary, applying 4‐phenyl butyric acid (4‐PBA) to alleviate ER stress or 4µ8c to specifically block the IRE1α pathway attenuated the impairment of both Pit‐1 and GH expression. In conclusion, we demonstrated that lipotoxicity directly inhibits the synthesis of GH, probably by reducing Pit‐1 expression. The IRE1α signaling pathway of ER stress may play an important role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gong
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China.,Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China
| | - Jianmei Yang
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuoshuo Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China.,Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Experimental Animal Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China.,Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shanshan Shao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China.,Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China.,Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Minaei A, Sarookhani MR, Haghdoost-Yazdi H, Rajaei F. Hydrogen sulfide attenuates induction and prevents progress of the 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinsonism in rat through activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels and suppression of ER stress. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 423:115558. [PMID: 33961902 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies argue in favor of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as the next potent therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases. In present study, we investigated the effect of long term treatment with NaHS (as donor of H2S) on induction and progress of the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) -induced Parkinsonism in rat. METHODS The 6-OHDA was injected into medial forebrain bundle of right hemisphere by stereotaxic surgery. Behavioral tests and treatments were carried out to eight weeks after the toxin. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were carried out to evaluate the survival of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) -positive neurons in substantia nigra (SN) and also expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), the markers of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, in striatum and SN. RESULTS Eight weeks assessment of the behavioral symptoms showed that NaHS especially at dose of 100 μmol/kg attenuates remarkably induction of the Parkinsonism and prevents its progress. NaHS also increased the survival of TH- positive neurons and suppressed 6-OHDA- induced overexpression of GRP78 and CHOP. Blockade of ATP-sensitive potassium (K-ATP) channels with glibenclamide (Glib) prevented markedly the effect of NaHS on both the induction phase and survival of TH- positive neurons. But Glib did not affect the preventing effect of NaHS on the progress phase and its suppressing effect on the overexpression of ER stress markers. CONCLUSION H2S attenuates induction of the 6-OHDA- induced Parkinsonism and also increases the survival of dopaminergic neurons through activation of K-ATP channels. H2S also prevents progress of the Parkinsonism probably through suppression of ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azita Minaei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Sarookhani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Hashem Haghdoost-Yazdi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
| | - Farzad Rajaei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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Rao S, Oyang L, Liang J, Yi P, Han Y, Luo X, Xia L, Lin J, Tan S, Hu J, Wang H, Tang L, Pan Q, Tang Y, Zhou Y, Liao Q. Biological Function of HYOU1 in Tumors and Other Diseases. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:1727-1735. [PMID: 33707955 PMCID: PMC7943547 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s297332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Various stimuli induce an unfolded protein response to endoplasmic reticulum stress, accompanied by the expression of endoplasmic reticulum molecular chaperones. Hypoxia-upregulated 1 gene (HYOU1) is a chaperone protein located in the endoplasmic reticulum. HYOU1 expression was upregulated in many diseases, including various cancers and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related diseases. HYOU1 does not only play an important protective role in the occurrence and development of tumors, but also is a potential therapeutic target for cancer. HYOU1 may also be used as an immune stimulation adjuvant because of its anti-tumor immune response, and a molecular target for therapy of many endoplasmic reticulum-related diseases. In this article, we summarize the updates in HYOU1 and discuss the potential therapeutic effects of HYOU1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Rao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linda Oyang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Liang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Pin Yi
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqian Han
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Longzheng Xia
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinguan Lin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiming Tan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Pan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujuan Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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The interplay between Glucocerebrosidase, α-synuclein and lipids in human models of Parkinson's disease. Biophys Chem 2020; 273:106534. [PMID: 33832803 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2020.106534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the gene GBA, encoding glucocerebrosidase (GCase), are the highest genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). GCase is a lysosomal glycoprotein responsible for the hydrolysis of glucosylceramide into glucose and ceramide. Mutations in GBA cause a decrease in GCase activity, stability and protein levels which in turn lead to the accumulation of GCase lipid substrates as well as α-synuclein (αS) in vitro and in vivo. αS is the main constituent of Lewy bodies found in the brain of PD patients and an increase in its levels was found to be associated with a decrease in GCase activity/protein levels in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we describe the reported biophysical and biochemical changes that GBA mutations can induce in GCase activity and stability as well as the current overview of the levels of GCase protein/activity, αS and lipids measured in patient-derived samples including post-mortem brains, stem cell-derived neurons, cerebrospinal fluid, blood and fibroblasts as well as in SH-SY5Y cells. In particular, we report how the levels of αS and lipids are affected by/correlated to significant changes in GCase activity/protein levels and which cellular pathways are activated or disrupted by these changes in each model. Finally, we review the current strategies used to revert the changes in the levels of GCase activity/protein, αS and lipids in the context of PD.
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Sun Y, Nascimento Da Conceicao V, Ahamad N, Madesh M, Singh BB. Spatial localization of SOCE channels and its modulators regulate neuronal physiology and contributes to pathology. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Zadorozhnii PV, Kiselev VV, Kharchenko AV. In silico toxicity evaluation of Salubrinal and its analogues. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 155:105538. [PMID: 32889087 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports on a comprehensive in silico toxicity assessment of Salubrinal and its analogues containing a cinnamic acid residue or quinoline ring using the online servers admetSAR, ADMETlab, ProTox, ADVERPred, Pred-hERG and Vienna LiverTox. Apart from rare exceptions, in all 55 studied structures, mild or practical absence of acute toxicity was predicted for rats (III or IV toxicity class). Cardiotoxic, hepatotoxic and immunotoxic effects were predicted for Salubrinal and its analogues. We constructed models of the main predicted anti-targets hERG, BSEP, MRP3, MRP4 and AhR using the principle of homologous modeling. Molecular docking studies were carried out with the obtained models. We carried out molecular docking for all targets using AutoDock Vina, implemented in the PyRx 0.8 software package. According to the results of molecular docking, the compounds analyzed are potential moderate or weak hERG blockers. Induction of cholestasis and, as a consequence, liver damage by these drugs, directly related to inhibition of BSEP, MRP3 and MRP4, most likely will not be observed. Interaction with AhR for the studied compounds is impossible for steric reasons and, as a consequence, toxic effects on the immune and other organ systems associated with the activation of the AhR signaling pathway are excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlo V Zadorozhnii
- Department of pharmacy and technology of organic substances, Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Gagarin Ave., 8, Dnipro 49005, Ukraine.
| | - Vadym V Kiselev
- Department of pharmacy and technology of organic substances, Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Gagarin Ave., 8, Dnipro 49005, Ukraine
| | - Aleksandr V Kharchenko
- Department of pharmacy and technology of organic substances, Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Gagarin Ave., 8, Dnipro 49005, Ukraine
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