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Liu T, Kurogo N, Kodato M, Fujimoto N, Itayama T, Okano K, Utsumi M, Zhang Z, Lei Z, Yuan T, Maseda H, Sugiura N, Shimizu K. MlrA, an Essential Enzyme for Microcystins and Nodularin on First Step Biodegradation in Microcystin-Degrading Bacteria. Chem Res Toxicol 2024; 37:212-215. [PMID: 38252020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.3c00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Microcystin-degrading bacteria first degrade microcystins by microcystinase A (MlrA) to cleave the cyclic structure of microcystins at the Adda-Arg site of microcystin-LR, microcystin-RR, and microcystin-YR, but the cleavage of the other microcystins was not clear. In our study, the microcystin-degrading bacterium Sphingopyxis sp. C-1 as wild type and that of mlrA-disrupting mutant, Sphingopyxis sp. CMS01 were used for microcystins biodegradation. The results showed MlrA degraded microcystin-LA, microcystin-LW, microcystin-LY, microcystin-LF, and nodularin. MlrA could cleave the Adda-L-amino acid site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiao Liu
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Narumi Kurogo
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino Itakura Oura-gun, Gunma 374-0193, Japan
| | - Miwa Kodato
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino Itakura Oura-gun, Gunma 374-0193, Japan
| | - Naoshi Fujimoto
- Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | | | - Kunihiro Okano
- Graduate School of Bioresource Science Akita Prefectural University, 241-438 Kaidobata-Nishi, Nakano Shimoshinjo, Akita 010-0195, Japan
| | - Motoo Utsumi
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
- Micobiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zhenya Zhang
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zhongfang Lei
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Tian Yuan
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Hideaki Maseda
- Institute of Technology and Science, Tokushima University, Minami jiosanjima-cho 2-1, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Norio Sugiura
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Kazuya Shimizu
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino Itakura Oura-gun, Gunma 374-0193, Japan
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
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Usman MO, Aturagaba G, Ntale M, Nyakairu GW. A review of adsorption techniques for removal of phosphates from wastewater. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 86:3113-3132. [PMID: 36579873 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate is considered the main cause of eutrophication and has received considerable attention recently. Several methods have been used for removal of phosphates in water and these include biological treatment, membrane filtration processes, chemical precipitation, and adsorption. Adsorption technology is highly effective in the removal of phosphate from wastewater even at low phosphate concentrations. Nanomaterials/nanoparticles, carbon-based materials (activated carbon and biochar), and their composites have been widely employed for the adsorptive removal and recovery of phosphate from wastewater due to their exceptional properties such as high surface area and high phosphate adsorption properties. This article is a review of the recently reported literature in the field of nanotechnology and activated carbon for the adsorption of phosphate from wastewater. Highlights of the adsorption mechanisms, adsorption behaviour, experimental parameters, effects of co-existing ions, and adsorbent modifications are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Onize Usman
- College of Natural Sciences, School of Physical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda E-mail:
| | - Godwin Aturagaba
- College of Natural Sciences, School of Physical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda E-mail:
| | - Muhammad Ntale
- College of Natural Sciences, School of Physical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda E-mail:
| | - George William Nyakairu
- College of Natural Sciences, School of Physical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda E-mail:
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