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Kesten C, Wallmann A, Schneider R, McFarlane HE, Diehl A, Khan GA, van Rossum BJ, Lampugnani ER, Szymanski WG, Cremer N, Schmieder P, Ford KL, Seiter F, Heazlewood JL, Sanchez-Rodriguez C, Oschkinat H, Persson S. The companion of cellulose synthase 1 confers salt tolerance through a Tau-like mechanism in plants. Nat Commun 2019; 10:857. [PMID: 30787279 PMCID: PMC6382854 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08780-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are filamentous structures necessary for cell division, motility and morphology, with dynamics critically regulated by microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). Here we outline the molecular mechanism by which the MAP, COMPANION OF CELLULOSE SYNTHASE1 (CC1), controls microtubule bundling and dynamics to sustain plant growth under salt stress. CC1 contains an intrinsically disordered N-terminus that links microtubules at evenly distributed points through four conserved hydrophobic regions. By NMR and live cell analyses we reveal that two neighboring residues in the first hydrophobic binding motif are crucial for the microtubule interaction. The microtubule-binding mechanism of CC1 is reminiscent to that of the prominent neuropathology-related protein Tau, indicating evolutionary convergence of MAP functions across animal and plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Kesten
- Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Victoria, Australia
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Arndt Wallmann
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), NMR-supported Structural Biology, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - René Schneider
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Victoria, Australia
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Heather E McFarlane
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne Diehl
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), NMR-supported Structural Biology, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ghazanfar Abbas Khan
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | - Barth-Jan van Rossum
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), NMR-supported Structural Biology, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Edwin R Lampugnani
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | - Witold G Szymanski
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Nils Cremer
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), NMR-supported Structural Biology, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Schmieder
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), NMR-supported Structural Biology, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristina L Ford
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | - Florian Seiter
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), NMR-supported Structural Biology, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joshua L Heazlewood
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Hartmut Oschkinat
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), NMR-supported Structural Biology, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Staffan Persson
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Victoria, Australia.
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
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Gardiner J. The evolution and diversification of plant microtubule-associated proteins. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 75:219-29. [PMID: 23551562 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant evolution is marked by major advances in structural characteristics that facilitated the highly successful colonization of dry land. Underlying these advances is the evolution of genes encoding specialized proteins that form novel microtubular arrays of the cytoskeleton. This review investigates the evolution of plant families of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) through the recently sequenced genomes of Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Selaginella moellendorffii, Physcomitrella patens, Volvox carteri and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The families of MAPs examined are AIR9, CLASP, CRIPT, MAP18, MOR1, TON, EB1, AtMAP70, SPR2, SPR1, WVD2 and MAP65 families (abbreviations are defined in the footnote to Table 1). Conjectures are made regarding the evolution of MAPs in plants in relation to the evolution of multicellularity, oriented cell division and vasculature. Angiosperms in particular have high numbers of proteins that are involved in promotion of helical growth or its suppression, and novel plant microtubular structures may have acted as a catalyst for the development of novel plant MAPs. Comparisons of plant MAP gene families with those of animals show that animals may have more flexibility in the structure of their microtubule cytoskeletons than plants, but with both plants and animals possessing many MAP splice variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Gardiner
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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