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Wang Q, Wu Y, Lin M, Wang G, Liu J, Xie M, Zheng B, Shen C, Shen J. BMI1 promotes osteosarcoma proliferation and metastasis by repressing the transcription of SIK1. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:136. [PMID: 35346195 PMCID: PMC8961961 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02552-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant tumor of bone, and the clinical efficacy of current treatments and associated survival rates need to be further improved by employing novel therapeutic strategies. Although various studies have shown that BMI1 protein is universally upregulated in OS cells and tissues, its specific role and underlying mechanism have not yet been fully explored.
Methods
Expression of BMI1 protein in OS cells was detected by western blot. The effect of BMI1 on proliferation and migration of OS cells (143B and U-2OS cell lines) was investigated in vitro using CCK-8, colony formation and transwell assays, and in vivo using subcutaneous tumorigenesis and lung metastasis assays in xenograft nude mice. Expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated proteins was detected by immunofluorescence imaging. Bioinformatic analysis was performed using ENCODE databases to predict downstream targets of BMI1. SIK1 mRNA expression in osteosarcoma cells was detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qPCR). Chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR (ChIP-qPCR) was used to investigate expression of BMI1-associated, RING1B-associated, H2AK119ub-associated and H3K4me3-associated DNA at the putative binding region of BMI1 on the SIK1 promoter in OS cells.
Results
Using both in vitro and in vivo experimental approaches, we found that BMI1 promotes OS cell proliferation and metastasis. The tumor suppressor SIK1 was identified as the direct target gene of BMI1 in OS cells. In vitro experiments demonstrated that SIK1 could inhibit proliferation and migration of OS cells. Inhibition of SIK1 largely rescued the altered phenotypes of BMI1-deficient OS cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that BMI1 directly binds to the promoter region of SIK1 in a complex with RING1B to promote monoubiquitination of histone H2A at lysine 119 (H2AK119ub) and inhibit H3K4 trimethylation (H3K4me3), resulting in inhibition of SIK1 transcription. We therefore suggest that BMI1 promotes OS cell proliferation and metastasis by inhibiting SIK1.
Conclusions
Our results reveal a novel molecular mechanism of OS development promoted by BMI1 and provides a new potential target for OS treatment.
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Chen MK, Zhou JH, Wang P, Ye YL, Liu Y, Zhou JW, Chen ZJ, Yang JK, Liao DY, Liang ZJ, Xie X, Zhou QZ, Xue KY, Guo WB, Xia M, Bao JM, Yang C, Duan HF, Wang HY, Huang ZP, Qin ZK, Liu CD. BMI1 activates P-glycoprotein via transcription repression of miR-3682-3p and enhances chemoresistance of bladder cancer cell. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:18310-18330. [PMID: 34270461 PMCID: PMC8351696 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemoresistance is the most significant reason for the failure of cancer treatment following radical cystectomy. The response rate to the first-line chemotherapy of cisplatin and gemcitabine does not exceed 50%. In our previous research, elevated BMI1 (B-cell specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration region 1) expression in bladder cancer conferred poor survival and was associated with chemoresistance. Herein, via analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas database and validation of clinical samples, BMI1 was elevated in patients with bladder cancer resistant to cisplatin and gemcitabine, which conferred tumor relapse and progression. Consistently, BMI1 was markedly increased in the established cisplatin- and gemcitabine-resistant T24 cells (T24/DDP&GEM). Functionally, BMI1 overexpression dramatically promoted drug efflux, enhanced viability and decreased apoptosis of bladder cancer cells upon treatment with cisplatin or gemcitabine, whereas BMI1 downregulation reversed this effect. Mechanically, upon interaction with p53, BMI1 was recruited on the promoter of miR-3682-3p gene concomitant with an increase in the mono-ubiquitination of histone H2A lysine 119, leading to transcription repression of miR-3682-3p gene followed by derepression of ABCB1 (ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1) gene. Moreover, suppression of P-glycoprotein by miR-3682-3p mimics or its inhibitor XR-9576, could significantly reverse chemoresistance of T24/DDP&GEM cells. These results provided a novel insight into a portion of the mechanism underlying BMI1-mediated chemoresistance in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Kun Chen
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jun-Hao Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yun-Lin Ye
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jia-Wei Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zi-Jian Chen
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jian-Kun Yang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - De-Ying Liao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Liang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Xiao Xie
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Qi-Zhao Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Kang-Yi Xue
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Wen-Bin Guo
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ming Xia
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ji-Ming Bao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hai-Feng Duan
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hong-Yi Wang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Huang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zi-Ke Qin
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Cun-Dong Liu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
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Roupakia E, Markopoulos GS, Kolettas E. Genes and pathways involved in senescence bypass identified by functional genetic screens. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 194:111432. [PMID: 33422562 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of stable and irreversible cell cycle arrest with active metabolism, that normal cells undergo after a finite number of divisions (Hayflick limit). Senescence can be triggered by intrinsic and/or extrinsic stimuli including telomere shortening at the end of a cell's lifespan (telomere-initiated senescence) and in response to oxidative, genotoxic or oncogenic stresses (stress-induced premature senescence). Several effector mechanisms have been proposed to explain senescence programmes in diploid cells, including the induction of DNA damage responses, a senescence-associated secretory phenotype and epigenetic changes. Senescent cells display senescence-associated-β-galactosidase activity and undergo chromatin remodeling resulting in heterochromatinisation. Senescence is established by the pRb and p53 tumour suppressor networks. Senescence has been detected in in vitro cellular settings and in premalignant, but not malignant lesions in mice and humans expressing mutant oncogenes. Despite oncogene-induced senescence, which is believed to be a cancer initiating barrier and other tumour suppressive mechanisms, benign cancers may still develop into malignancies by bypassing senescence. Here, we summarise the functional genetic screens that have identified genes, uncovered pathways and characterised mechanisms involved in senescence evasion. These include cell cycle regulators and tumour suppressor pathways, DNA damage response pathways, epigenetic regulators, SASP components and noncoding RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Roupakia
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, 45100, Greece; Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Georgios S Markopoulos
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, 45100, Greece; Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Evangelos Kolettas
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, 45100, Greece; Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Ioannina, 45110, Greece.
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4
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Jia Y, Ding X, Zhou L, Zhang L, Yang X. Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomal microRNA-139-5p restrains tumorigenesis in bladder cancer by targeting PRC1. Oncogene 2020; 40:246-261. [PMID: 33122828 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01486-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) can be delivered to tumor cells where they exert their function via mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes. This study investigated exosomal transfer of miR-139-5p to bladder cancer cells and their role in the regulation of tumorigenesis. The dysregulation of polycomb repressor complex 1 (PRC1) in bladder cancer was characterized by RNA quantification, and its functional significance in bladder cancer cells was identified by loss-of-function experiments. We predicted the miR-139-5p that could play a role in regulating PRC1, which was further verified using dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Next, we altered the expression of miR-139-5p and PRC1 in bladder cancer cells to identify their functions in cancer progression. Bladder cancer cells were co-cultured with exosomes isolated from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) over-expressing miR-139-5p. The intercellular transfer of miR-139-5p along with in vitro and in vivo functions was determined using gain- and loss-of-function approaches. Our results revealed that PRC1 levels were increased in bladder cancer tissues and cells, and silencing PRC1 appeared to impede the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion potentials. In addition, miR-139-5p was observed to be down-regulated in bladder cancer, which targeted PRC1 and reduced its expression, hereby resulting in ameliorated tumorigenic characteristics of bladder cancer cells in vitro. Furthermore, we noted that miR-139-5p from hUCMSCs-derived exosomes could be transferred into bladder cancer cells to down-regulate the PRC1 expression. Moreover, hUCMSCs-derived exosomal miR-139-5p conferred a suppressive role on bladder cancer development in vitro and in vivo. These data together supported the tumor-inhibiting role of MSCs-derived exosomal miR-139-5p in bladder cancer, highlighting a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefeng Jia
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Xuemei Ding
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Lihua Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Xuecheng Yang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
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Kalish JM, Tang XH, Scognamiglio T, Zhang T, Gudas LJ. Doxycycline-induced exogenous Bmi-1 expression enhances tumor formation in a murine model of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Biol Ther 2020; 21:400-411. [PMID: 32037955 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2020.1720485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
B Cell-Specific Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Integration Site 1 (Bmi-1, Bmi1), an epigenetic protein, is necessary for normal stem cell self-renewal in adult animals and for cancer stem cell (CSC) functions in adult animals. To elucidate the functions of Bmi-1 in the oral cavity we created a transgenic mouse line (KrTBmi-1) that expresses ectopic, Flag-tagged Bmi-1 in tongue basal epithelial stem cells only upon doxycycline (DOX) treatment. Genome wide transcriptomics and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified several pathways altered by exogenous Bmi-1 expression in the normal tongue epithelium, including EIF2 signaling (P value = 1.58 x 10-49), mTOR signaling (P value = 2.45 x 10-12), oxidative phosphorylation (P = 6.61 x 10-3) and glutathione redox reactions I (P = 1.74 x 10-2). Overall, our data indicate that ectopic Bmi-1 expression has an impact on normal tongue epithelial homeostasis. We then assessed the KrTBmi-1 mice in the 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO) model of oral carcinogenesis. We found that 80% of mice expressing exogenous Bmi-1 (+DOX, +4-NQO KrTBmi-1; N = 10) developed tumors classified as grade 3 or higher, compared to 60% and 40% of mice expressing just endogenous Bmi-1 (+DOX, +4-NQO Kr and -DOX, +4-NQO KrTBmi-1 groups, respectively; N = 10/group; P value = <0.0001); and 30% of mice expressing ectopic Bmi-1 mice developed 20 or more lesions compared to 10% of mice expressing only endogenous Bmi-1 (P = .009). This demonstrates that exogenous Bmi-1 expression increases the susceptibility of mice to 4-NQO-induced oral carcinogenesis, strengthening the evidence for Bmi-1 as a therapeutic target in human oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelin M Kalish
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York, NY, USA.,Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiao-Han Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Tuo Zhang
- Weill Cornell Genomics Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lorraine J Gudas
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York, NY, USA.,Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Becker M, Potapenko T, Niklaus A, Bieback K, Ho AD, Müller AM. Polycomb Protein BMI1 Regulates Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Downstream of GSK3. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:922-33. [PMID: 27100571 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycomb proteins such as the B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (BMI1) are essential chromatin factors for the self-renewal and differentiation of embryonic and adult stem cells. BMI1 also plays a critical role in osteogenesis as Bmi1-deficient mice display a skeletal phenotype caused by the exhaustion of the mesenchymal stem cell pool. In this study, we have studied the role of BMI1 in the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs). BMI1 protein, but not RNA levels, increases during in vitro osteogenic differentiation of hASCs. Overexpression of BMI1 leads to an osteogenic priming of hASCs under nondifferentiating conditions and enhanced osteogenesis upon differentiation, along with increased BMP2 and WNT11 expressions. Conversely, knockdown of BMI1 expression reduces osteogenic differentiation. Furthermore, our studies indicate that during osteogenic differentiation of hASCs, BMI1 is a downstream target of GSK3 signaling. BMI1, therefore, acts as a pro-osteogenic differentiation factor in hASCs and hence it is a promising target for active modulation of hASC-derived osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Becker
- 1 Institute for Medical Radiation and Cell Research (MSZ), Center of Experimental Molecular Medicine (ZEMM) , Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tamara Potapenko
- 1 Institute for Medical Radiation and Cell Research (MSZ), Center of Experimental Molecular Medicine (ZEMM) , Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Niklaus
- 1 Institute for Medical Radiation and Cell Research (MSZ), Center of Experimental Molecular Medicine (ZEMM) , Würzburg, Germany
| | - Karen Bieback
- 2 Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg , German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anthony D Ho
- 3 Department of Internal Medicine V, Heidelberg University Hospital , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Albrecht M Müller
- 1 Institute for Medical Radiation and Cell Research (MSZ), Center of Experimental Molecular Medicine (ZEMM) , Würzburg, Germany
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