1
|
Song H, Liu H, Wang X, Yang Y, Zhao X, Jiang WG, Sui L, Song X. Death-associated protein 3 in cancer-discrepant roles of DAP3 in tumours and molecular mechanisms. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1323751. [PMID: 38352299 PMCID: PMC10862491 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1323751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer, ranks as the secondary cause of death, is a group of diseases that are characterized by uncontrolled tumor growth and distant metastasis, leading to increased mortality year-on-year. To date, targeted therapy to intercept the aberrant proliferation and invasion is crucial for clinical anticancer treatment, however, mutant expression of target genes often leads to drug resistance. Therefore, it is essential to identify more molecules that can be targeted to facilitate combined therapy. Previous studies showed that death associated protein 3 (DAP3) exerts a pivotal role in regulating apoptosis signaling of tumors, meanwhile, aberrant DAP3 expression is associated with the tumorigenesis and disease progression of various cancers. This review provides an overview of the molecule structure of DAP3 and the discrepant roles played by DAP3 in various types of tumors. Considering the molecular mechanism of DAP3-regulated cancer development, new potential treatment strategies might be developed in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Song
- The Second Medical College, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Huifang Liu
- The Second Medical College, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiufeng Wang
- Department of Nursing, Zhaoyuan People's Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Yuteng Yang
- The Second Medical College, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiangkun Zhao
- The Second Medical College, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Wen G. Jiang
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Laijian Sui
- Department of Orthopedics, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Xicheng Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li WS, Zhang QQ, Li Q, Liu SY, Yuan GQ, Pan YW. Innate immune response restarts adaptive immune response in tumors. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1260705. [PMID: 37781382 PMCID: PMC10538570 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1260705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The imbalance of immune response plays a crucial role in the development of diseases, including glioblastoma. It is essential to comprehend how the innate immune system detects tumors and pathogens. Endosomal and cytoplasmic sensors can identify diverse cancer cell antigens, triggering the production of type I interferon and pro-inflammatory cytokines. This, in turn, stimulates interferon stimulating genes, enhancing the presentation of cancer antigens, and promoting T cell recognition and destruction of cancer cells. While RNA and DNA sensing of tumors and pathogens typically involve different receptors and adapters, their interaction can activate adaptive immune response mechanisms. This review highlights the similarity in RNA and DNA sensing mechanisms in the innate immunity of both tumors and pathogens. The aim is to enhance the anti-tumor innate immune response, identify regions of the tumor that are not responsive to treatment, and explore new targets to improve the response to conventional tumor therapy and immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-shan Li
- The Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Qing-qing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Qiao Li
- The Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shang-yu Liu
- The Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Guo-qiang Yuan
- The Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ya-wen Pan
- The Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jiang F, Huang X, Ling L, Tang S, Zhou H, Cai X, Wang Y. Long Noncoding RNA ZBED5-AS1 Facilitates Tumor Progression and Metastasis in Lung Adenocarcinoma via ZNF146/ATR/Chk1 Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13925. [PMID: 37762228 PMCID: PMC10530271 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in tumorigenesis, including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the functional and regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in LUAD remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of lncRNA ZBED5-AS1 in LUAD. We found that ZBED5-AS1 was upregulated in LUAD specimens and overexpressed in LUAD cell lines. ZBED5-AS1 promoted LUAD cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and promoted LUAD cell growth in vivo. ZBED5-AS1 promoted ZNF146 expression, activating the ATR/Chk1 pathway and leading to LUAD progression. We observed that exosomes from LUAD cells have a higher expression of ZBED5-AS1 compared with exosomes from the normal cell line BEAS-2B. Coculture experiments with exosomes showed that ZBED5-AS1 expression was downregulated after coculture with Si-ZBED5-AS1 exosomes, and coculture with exosomes with low ZBED5-AS1 expression inhibited proliferation and invasion of LUAD cells. Our results indicate that ZBED5-AS1 functions as an oncogenic factor in LUAD cells by targeting the ZNF146/ATR/Chk1 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; (F.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - Xiaolu Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; (F.J.)
| | - Liqun Ling
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; (F.J.)
| | - Shiyi Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; (F.J.)
| | - Huixin Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; (F.J.)
| | - Xueding Cai
- Department of Respiration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - Yumin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; (F.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325015, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bai Z, Zhou Y, Peng Y, Ye X, Ma L. Perspectives and mechanisms for targeting mitotic catastrophe in cancer treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188965. [PMID: 37625527 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Mitotic catastrophe is distinct from other cell death modes due to unique nuclear alterations characterized as multi and/or micronucleation. Mitotic catastrophe is a common and virtually unavoidable consequence during cancer therapy. However, a comprehensive understanding of mitotic catastrophe remains lacking. Herein, we summarize the anticancer drugs that induce mitotic catastrophe, including microtubule-targeting agents, spindle assembly checkpoint kinase inhibitors, DNA damage agents and DNA damage response inhibitors. Based on the relationships between mitotic catastrophe and other cell death modes, we thoroughly evaluated the roles played by mitotic catastrophe in cancer treatment as well as its advantages and disadvantages. Some strategies for overcoming its shortcomings while fully utilizing its advantages are summarized and proposed in this review. We also review how mitotic catastrophe regulates cancer immunotherapy. These summarized findings suggest that the induction of mitotic catastrophe can serve as a promising new therapeutic approach for overcoming apoptosis resistance and strengthening cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoshi Bai
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Yiran Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yaling Peng
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Xinyue Ye
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Lingman Ma
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tsuji K, Kikuchi E, Takashima Y, Shoji T, Takahashi H, Ito S, Morinaga D, Kashima M, Maeda M, Kitai H, Kikuchi J, Sakakibara-Konishi J, Konno S. Inhibition of non-homologous end joining mitigates paclitaxel resistance resulting from mitotic slippage in non-small cell lung cancer. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:1854-1864. [PMID: 37592765 PMCID: PMC10599168 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2243761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitotic slippage, which enables cancer cells to bypass cell death by transitioning from mitosis to the G1 phase without undergoing normal cytokinesis, is one likely mechanism of paclitaxel (PTX) resistance. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in the G1 phase are mainly repaired through non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Therefore, inhibiting NHEJ could augment the PTX-induced cytotoxicity by impeding the repair of PTX-induced DSBs during the G1 phase following mitotic slippage. We aimed to evaluate the effects of NHEJ inhibition on mitotic slippage after PTX treatment in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). H1299, A549, H1975, and H520 NSCLC cell lines were employed. In addition, A-196 and JQ1 were used as NHEJ inhibitors. H1299 cells were PTX-resistant and exhibited an increased frequency of mitotic slippage upon PTX treatment. NHEJ inhibitors significantly augmented the PTX-induced cytotoxicity, DSBs, and apoptosis in H1299 cells. The newly generated PTX-resistant cells were even more prone to mitotic slippage following PTX treatment and susceptible to the combined therapy. Docetaxel further demonstrated synergistic effects with the NHEJ inhibitor in PTX-resistant cells. NHEJ inhibition may overcome intrinsic or acquired PTX resistance resulting from mitotic slippage by synergistically increasing the cytotoxic effects of antimitotic drugs in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Tsuji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Eiki Kikuchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Kikuchi Medical–Respiratory Clinic, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuta Takashima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tetsuaki Shoji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shotaro Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Morinaga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kashima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Makie Maeda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Kitai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Junko Kikuchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Kikuchi Medical–Respiratory Clinic, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Cancer Genomics, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jun Sakakibara-Konishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Konno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gospodinov A, Dzhokova S, Petrova M, Ugrinova I. Chromatin regulators in DNA replication and genome stability maintenance during S-phase. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 135:243-280. [PMID: 37061334 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
The duplication of genetic information is central to life. The replication of genetic information is strictly controlled to ensure that each piece of genomic DNA is copied only once during a cell cycle. Factors that slow or stop replication forks cause replication stress. Replication stress is a major source of genome instability in cancer cells. Multiple control mechanisms facilitate the unimpeded fork progression, prevent fork collapse and coordinate fork repair. Chromatin alterations, caused by histone post-translational modifications and chromatin remodeling, have critical roles in normal replication and in avoiding replication stress and its consequences. This text reviews the chromatin regulators that ensure DNA replication and the proper response to replication stress. We also briefly touch on exploiting replication stress in therapeutic strategies. As chromatin regulators are frequently mutated in cancer, manipulating their activity could provide many possibilities for personalized treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastas Gospodinov
- Roumen Tsanev Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Stefka Dzhokova
- Roumen Tsanev Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Petrova
- Roumen Tsanev Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iva Ugrinova
- Roumen Tsanev Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
DNA damage response revisited: the p53 family and its regulators provide endless cancer therapy opportunities. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:1658-1669. [PMID: 36207426 PMCID: PMC9636249 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00863-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Antitumor therapeutic strategies that fundamentally rely on the induction of DNA damage to eradicate and inhibit the growth of cancer cells are integral approaches to cancer therapy. Although DNA-damaging therapies advance the battle with cancer, resistance, and recurrence following treatment are common. Thus, searching for vulnerabilities that facilitate the action of DNA-damaging agents by sensitizing cancer cells is an active research area. Therefore, it is crucial to decipher the detailed molecular events involved in DNA damage responses (DDRs) to DNA-damaging agents in cancer. The tumor suppressor p53 is active at the hub of the DDR. Researchers have identified an increasing number of genes regulated by p53 transcriptional functions that have been shown to be critical direct or indirect mediators of cell fate, cell cycle regulation, and DNA repair. Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) primarily orchestrate and direct the activity of p53 in response to DNA damage. Many molecules mediating PTMs on p53 have been identified. The anticancer potential realized by targeting these molecules has been shown through experiments and clinical trials to sensitize cancer cells to DNA-damaging agents. This review briefly acknowledges the complexity of DDR pathways/networks. We specifically focus on p53 regulators, protein kinases, and E3/E4 ubiquitin ligases and their anticancer potential.
Collapse
|
8
|
Chan Wah Hak CML, Rullan A, Patin EC, Pedersen M, Melcher AA, Harrington KJ. Enhancing anti-tumour innate immunity by targeting the DNA damage response and pattern recognition receptors in combination with radiotherapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:971959. [PMID: 36106115 PMCID: PMC9465159 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.971959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the most effective and frequently used treatments for a wide range of cancers. In addition to its direct anti-cancer cytotoxic effects, ionising radiation can augment the anti-tumour immune response by triggering pro-inflammatory signals, DNA damage-induced immunogenic cell death and innate immune activation. Anti-tumour innate immunity can result from recruitment and stimulation of dendritic cells (DCs) which leads to tumour-specific adaptive T-cell priming and immunostimulatory cell infiltration. Conversely, radiotherapy can also induce immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory mediators that can confer radioresistance. Targeting the DNA damage response (DDR) concomitantly with radiotherapy is an attractive strategy for overcoming radioresistance, both by enhancing the radiosensitivity of tumour relative to normal tissues, and tipping the scales in favour of an immunostimulatory tumour microenvironment. This two-pronged approach exploits genomic instability to circumvent immune evasion, targeting both hallmarks of cancer. In this review, we describe targetable DDR proteins (PARP (poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase); ATM/ATR (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related), DNA-PKcs (DNA-dependent protein kinase, catalytic subunit) and Wee1 (Wee1-like protein kinase) and their potential intersections with druggable immunomodulatory signalling pathways, including nucleic acid-sensing mechanisms (Toll-like receptors (TLR); cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) and retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptors), and how these might be exploited to enhance radiation therapy. We summarise current preclinical advances, recent and ongoing clinical trials and the challenges of therapeutic combinations with existing treatments such as immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Rullan
- Targeted Therapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emmanuel C. Patin
- Targeted Therapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Malin Pedersen
- Targeted Therapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alan A. Melcher
- Translational Immunotherapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin J. Harrington
- Targeted Therapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nyui T, Yoshino H, Nunota T, Sato Y, Tsuruga E. cGAS Regulates the Radioresistance of Human Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091434. [PMID: 35563740 PMCID: PMC9101626 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) plays an important role in biological responses to pathogens. The activation of the cGAS pathway in immune cells is known to induce antitumor effects, but the role of cGAS in cancer cells remains poorly understood. In silico analysis using public databases suggested that high cGAS expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is indicative of a poor prognosis for HNSCC patients. We therefore investigated the role of cGAS in malignancies and the cellular radiation response of human HNSCC cells (SAS and Ca9-22) in vitro, because radiotherapy is one of the treatments most commonly used for HNSCC. Although cGAS knockdown failed to suppress the proliferation of non-irradiated HNSCC cells, it enhanced the radiosensitivity of HNSCC cells. The administration of the cGAS agonist increased the radioresistance of HNSCC cells. cGAS knockdown increased radiation-induced mitotic catastrophe, apoptosis, or cellular senescence, depending on the cell line, and this cell line-dependent response might be due to different responses of p21 after irradiation. Collectively, our findings indicate that the cGAS pathway regulates the radioresistance of HNSCC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Nyui
- Department of Radiation Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki 036-8564, Aomori, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Hironori Yoshino
- Department of Radiation Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki 036-8564, Aomori, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.S.); (E.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-172-39-5528
| | - Tetsuya Nunota
- Department of Radiological Technology, Hirosaki University School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki 036-8564, Aomori, Japan;
| | - Yoshiaki Sato
- Department of Radiation Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki 036-8564, Aomori, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Eichi Tsuruga
- Department of Radiation Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki 036-8564, Aomori, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.S.); (E.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Perspective on the Use of DNA Repair Inhibitors as a Tool for Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy of Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071821. [PMID: 35406593 PMCID: PMC8997380 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The current routine treatment for glioblastoma (GB), the most lethal high-grade brain tumor in adults, aims to induce DNA damage in the tumor. However, the tumor cells might be able to repair that damage, which leads to therapy resistance. Fortunately, DNA repair defects are common in GB cells, and their survival is often based on a sole backup repair pathway. Hence, targeted drugs inhibiting essential proteins of the DNA damage response have gained momentum and are being introduced in the clinic. This review gives a perspective on the use of radiopharmaceuticals targeting DDR kinases for imaging in order to determine the DNA repair phenotype of GB, as well as for effective radionuclide therapy. Finally, four new promising radiopharmaceuticals are suggested with the potential to lead to a more personalized GB therapy. Abstract Despite numerous innovative treatment strategies, the treatment of glioblastoma (GB) remains challenging. With the current state-of-the-art therapy, most GB patients succumb after about a year. In the evolution of personalized medicine, targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) is gaining momentum, for example, to stratify patients based on specific biomarkers. One of these biomarkers is deficiencies in DNA damage repair (DDR), which give rise to genomic instability and cancer initiation. However, these deficiencies also provide targets to specifically kill cancer cells following the synthetic lethality principle. This led to the increased interest in targeted drugs that inhibit essential DDR kinases (DDRi), of which multiple are undergoing clinical validation. In this review, the current status of DDRi for the treatment of GB is given for selected targets: ATM/ATR, CHK1/2, DNA-PK, and PARP. Furthermore, this review provides a perspective on the use of radiopharmaceuticals targeting these DDR kinases to (1) evaluate the DNA repair phenotype of GB before treatment decisions are made and (2) induce DNA damage via TRT. Finally, by applying in-house selection criteria and analyzing the structural characteristics of the DDRi, four drugs with the potential to become new therapeutic GB radiopharmaceuticals are suggested.
Collapse
|
11
|
Noé V, Aubets E, Félix AJ, Ciudad CJ. Nucleic acids therapeutics using PolyPurine Reverse Hoogsteen hairpins. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 189:114371. [PMID: 33338475 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PolyPurine Reverse Hoogsteen hairpins (PPRHs) are DNA hairpins formed by intramolecular reverse Hoogsteen bonds which can bind to polypyrimidine stretches in dsDNA by Watson:Crick bonds, thus forming a triplex and displacing the fourth strand of the DNA complex. PPRHs were first described as a gene silencing tool in vitro for DHFR, telomerase and survivin genes. Then, the effect of PPRHs directed against the survivin gene was also determined in vivo using a xenograft model of prostate cancer cells (PC3). Since then, the ability of PPRHs to inhibit gene expression has been explored in other genes involved in cancer (BCL-2, mTOR, topoisomerase, C-MYC and MDM2), in immunotherapy (SIRPα/CD47 and PD-1/PD-L1 tandem) or in replication stress (WEE1 and CHK1). Furthermore, PPRHs have the ability to target the complementary strand of a G-quadruplex motif as a regulatory element of the TYMS gene. PPRHs have also the potential to correct point mutations in the DNA as shown in two collections of CHO cell lines bearing mutations in either the dhfr or aprt loci. Finally, based on the capability of PPRHs to form triplexes, they have been incorporated as probes in biosensors for the determination of the DNA methylation status of PAX-5 in cancer and the detection of mtLSU rRNA for the diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii. Of note, PPRHs have high stability and do not present immunogenicity, hepatotoxicity or nephrotoxicity in vitro. Overall, PPRHs constitute a new economical biotechnological tool with multiple biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Noé
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, & IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Aubets
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, & IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex J Félix
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, & IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos J Ciudad
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, & IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang J, Si J, Gan L, Zhou R, Guo M, Zhang H. Harnessing the targeting potential of differential radiobiological effects of photon versus particle radiation for cancer treatment. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:1695-1711. [PMID: 32691425 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the major modalities for malignancy treatment. High linear energy transfer (LET) charged-particle beams, like proton and carbon ions, exhibit favourable depth-dose distributions and radiobiological enhancement over conventional low-LET photon irradiation, thereby marking a new era in high precision medicine. Tumour cells have developed multicomponent signal transduction networks known as DNA damage responses (DDRs), which initiate cell-cycle checkpoints and induce double-strand break (DSB) repairs in the nucleus by nonhomologous end joining or homologous recombination pathways, to manage ionising radiation (IR)-induced DNA lesions. DNA damage induction and DSB repair pathways are reportedly dependent on the quality of radiation delivered. In this review, we summarise various types of DNA lesion and DSB repair mechanisms, upon irradiation with low and high-LET radiation, respectively. We also analyse factors influencing DNA repair efficiency. Inhibition of DNA damage repair pathways and dysfunctional cell-cycle checkpoint sensitises tumour cells to IR. Radio-sensitising agents, including DNA-PK inhibitors, Rad51 inhibitors, PARP inhibitors, ATM/ATR inhibitors, chk1 inhibitors, wee1 kinase inhibitors, Hsp90 inhibitors, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors have been found to enhance cell killing by IR through interference with DDRs, cell-cycle arrest, or other cellular processes. The cotreatment of these inhibitors with IR may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Zhang
- Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Si
- Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Research Center for Ecological Impacts and Environmental Health Effects of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, China
| | - Menghuan Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
DNA damage response (DDR) pathway prevents high level endogenous and environmental DNA damage being replicated and passed on to the next generation of cells via an orchestrated and integrated network of cell cycle checkpoint signalling and DNA repair pathways. Depending on the type of damage, and where in the cell cycle it occurs different pathways are involved, with the ATM-CHK2-p53 pathway controlling the G1 checkpoint or ATR-CHK1-Wee1 pathway controlling the S and G2/M checkpoints. Loss of G1 checkpoint control is common in cancer through TP53, ATM mutations, Rb loss or cyclin E overexpression, providing a stronger rationale for targeting the S/G2 checkpoints. This review will focus on the ATM-CHK2-p53-p21 pathway and the ATR-CHK1-WEE1 pathway and ongoing efforts to target these pathways for patient benefit.
Collapse
|
14
|
DNA damage response signaling pathways and targets for radiotherapy sensitization in cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:60. [PMID: 32355263 PMCID: PMC7192953 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0150-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 454] [Impact Index Per Article: 113.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the most common countermeasures for treating a wide range of tumors. However, the radioresistance of cancer cells is still a major limitation for radiotherapy applications. Efforts are continuously ongoing to explore sensitizing targets and develop radiosensitizers for improving the outcomes of radiotherapy. DNA double-strand breaks are the most lethal lesions induced by ionizing radiation and can trigger a series of cellular DNA damage responses (DDRs), including those helping cells recover from radiation injuries, such as the activation of DNA damage sensing and early transduction pathways, cell cycle arrest, and DNA repair. Obviously, these protective DDRs confer tumor radioresistance. Targeting DDR signaling pathways has become an attractive strategy for overcoming tumor radioresistance, and some important advances and breakthroughs have already been achieved in recent years. On the basis of comprehensively reviewing the DDR signal pathways, we provide an update on the novel and promising druggable targets emerging from DDR pathways that can be exploited for radiosensitization. We further discuss recent advances identified from preclinical studies, current clinical trials, and clinical application of chemical inhibitors targeting key DDR proteins, including DNA-PKcs (DNA-dependent protein kinase, catalytic subunit), ATM/ATR (ataxia–telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related), the MRN (MRE11-RAD50-NBS1) complex, the PARP (poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase) family, MDC1, Wee1, LIG4 (ligase IV), CDK1, BRCA1 (BRCA1 C terminal), CHK1, and HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducible factor-1). Challenges for ionizing radiation-induced signal transduction and targeted therapy are also discussed based on recent achievements in the biological field of radiotherapy.
Collapse
|
15
|
Gralewska P, Gajek A, Marczak A, Rogalska A. Participation of the ATR/CHK1 pathway in replicative stress targeted therapy of high-grade ovarian cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:39. [PMID: 32316968 PMCID: PMC7175546 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00874-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal gynecologic malignancies reported throughout the world. The initial, standard-of-care, adjuvant chemotherapy in epithelial ovarian cancer is usually a platinum drug, such as cisplatin or carboplatin, combined with a taxane. However, despite surgical removal of the tumor and initial high response rates to first-line chemotherapy, around 80% of women will develop cancer recurrence. Effective strategies, including chemotherapy and new research models, are necessary to improve the prognosis. The replication stress response (RSR) is characteristic of the development of tumors, including ovarian cancer. Hence, RSR pathway and DNA repair proteins have emerged as a new area for anticancer drug development. Although clinical trials have shown poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) response rates of around 40% in women who carry a mutation in the BRCA1/2 genes, PARPi is responsible for tumor suppression, but not for complete tumor regression. Recent reports suggest that cells with impaired homologous recombination (HR) activities due to mutations in TP53 gene or specific DNA repair proteins are specifically sensitive to ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) inhibitors. Replication stress activates DNA repair checkpoint proteins (ATR, CHK1), which prevent further DNA damage. This review describes the use of DNA repair checkpoint inhibitors as single agents and strategies combining these inhibitors with DNA-damaging compounds for ovarian cancer therapy, as well as the new platforms used for optimizing ovarian cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Gralewska
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Institute of Biophysics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Gajek
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Institute of Biophysics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Marczak
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Institute of Biophysics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Aneta Rogalska
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Institute of Biophysics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fujimoto M, Bo T, Yamamoto K, Yasui H, Yamamori T, Inanami O. Radiation-induced abnormal centrosome amplification and mitotic catastrophe in human cervical tumor HeLa cells and murine mammary tumor EMT6 cells. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2020; 67:240-247. [PMID: 33293764 PMCID: PMC7705082 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.19-80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitotic catastrophe is a form of cell death linked to aberrant mitosis caused by improper or uncoordinated mitotic progression. Abnormal centrosome amplification and mitotic catastrophe occur simultaneously, and some cells with amplified centrosomes enter aberrant mitosis, but it is not clear whether abnormal centrosome amplification triggers mitotic catastrophe. Here, to investigate whether radiation-induced abnormal centrosome amplification is essential for induction of radiation-induced mitotic catastrophe, centrinone-B, a highly selective inhibitor of polo-like kinase 4, was utilized to inhibit centrosome amplification, since polo-like kinase 4 is an essential kinase in centrosome duplication. When human cervical tumor HeLa cells and murine mammary tumor EMT6 cells were irradiated with 2.5 Gy of X-rays, cells with morphological features of mitotic catastrophe and the number of cells having >2 centrosomes increased in both cell lines. Although centrinone-B significantly inhibited radiation-induced abnormal centrosome amplification in both cell lines, such treatment did not change cell growth and significantly enhanced mitotic catastrophe in HeLa cells exposed to X-rays. In contrast, inhibition of centrosome amplification reduced cell growth and mitotic catastrophe in EMT6 cells exposed to X-rays. These results indicated that the role of radiation-induced abnormal centrosome amplification in radiation-induced mitotic catastrophe changes, depending on the cell type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Fujimoto
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Tomoki Bo
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Kumiko Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Hironobu Yasui
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Tohru Yamamori
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Osamu Inanami
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Evaluating the immunoproteasome as a potential therapeutic target in cisplatin-resistant small cell and non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2020; 85:843-853. [PMID: 32232513 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-020-04061-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated the expression of proteasome subunits to assess whether the proteasome could be a therapeutic target in cisplatin-resistant lung cancer cells. METHODS Cisplatin-resistant (CR) variants were established from three non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines (A549, H1299, and H1975) and two small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines (SBC3 and SBC5). The expression of proteasome subunits, the sensitivity to immunoproteasome inhibitors, and 20S proteasomal proteolytic activity were examined in the CR variants of the lung cancer cell lines. RESULTS All five CR cell lines highly expressed one or both of the immunoproteasome subunit genes, PSMB8 and PSMB9, while no clear trend was observed in the expression of constitutive proteasome subunits. The CR cells expressed significantly higher levels of PSMB8 and PSMB9 proteins, as well. The CR variants of the H1299 and SBC3 cell lines were more sensitive to immunoproteasome inhibitors, and had significantly more proteasomal proteolytic activity than their parental counterparts. CONCLUSIONS The immunoproteasome may be an effective therapeutic target in a subset of CR lung cancers. Proteasomal proteolytic activity may be a predictive marker for the efficacy of immunoproteasome inhibitors in cisplatin-resistant SCLC and NSCLC.
Collapse
|
18
|
Targeting DNA Damage Response as a Strategy to Treat HPV Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215455. [PMID: 31683862 PMCID: PMC6862220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosotropic human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause prevalent anogenital infections, some of which can progress to cancers. It is imperative to identify efficacious drug candidates, as there are few therapeutic options. We have recapitulated a robust productive program of HPV-18 in organotypic raft cultures of primary human keratinocytes. The HPV E7 protein induces S phase reentry, along with DNA damage response (DDR) in differentiated cells to support viral DNA amplification. A number of small molecule inhibitors of DDR regulators are in clinical use or clinical trials to treat cancers. Here, we used our raft culture system to examine effects of inhibitors of ATR/Chk1 and ATM/Chk2 on HPV infection. The inhibitors impaired S-phase reentry and progression as well as HPV DNA amplification. The Chk1 inhibitor MK-8776 was most effective, reducing viral DNA amplification by 90-99% and caused DNA damage and apoptosis, preferentially in HPV infected cells. We found that this sensitivity was imparted by the E7 protein and report that MK-8776 also caused extensive cell death of cervical cancer cell lines. Furthermore, it sensitized the cells to cisplatin, commonly used to treat advanced cervical cancer. Based on these observations, the Chk1 inhibitors could be potential effective agents to be re-purposed to treat the spectrum of HPV infections in single or combination therapy.
Collapse
|
19
|
Takashima Y, Kikuchi E, Kikuchi J, Suzuki M, Kikuchi H, Maeda M, Shoji T, Furuta M, Kinoshita I, Dosaka‐Akita H, Sakakibara‐Konishi J, Konno S. Bromodomain and extraterminal domain inhibition synergizes with WEE1‐inhibitor AZD1775 effect by impairing nonhomologous end joining and enhancing DNA damage in nonsmall cell lung cancer. Int J Cancer 2019; 146:1114-1124. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Takashima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Eiki Kikuchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Junko Kikuchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Motofumi Suzuki
- Laboratory for Bioanalysis and Molecular ImagingGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Hajime Kikuchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
- First Department of MedicineJA Obihiro Kosei Hospital Obihiro Japan
| | - Makie Maeda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Tetsuaki Shoji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Megumi Furuta
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Ichiro Kinoshita
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Dosaka‐Akita
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Jun Sakakibara‐Konishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Satoshi Konno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ubhi T, Brown GW. Exploiting DNA Replication Stress for Cancer Treatment. Cancer Res 2019; 79:1730-1739. [PMID: 30967400 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-3631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Complete and accurate DNA replication is fundamental to cellular proliferation and genome stability. Obstacles that delay, prevent, or terminate DNA replication cause the phenomena termed DNA replication stress. Cancer cells exhibit chronic replication stress due to the loss of proteins that protect or repair stressed replication forks and due to the continuous proliferative signaling, providing an exploitable therapeutic vulnerability in tumors. Here, we outline current and pending therapeutic approaches leveraging tumor-specific replication stress as a target, in addition to the challenges associated with such therapies. We discuss how replication stress modulates the cell-intrinsic innate immune response and highlight the integration of replication stress with immunotherapies. Together, exploiting replication stress for cancer treatment seems to be a promising strategy as it provides a selective means of eliminating tumors, and with continuous advances in our knowledge of the replication stress response and lessons learned from current therapies in use, we are moving toward honing the potential of targeting replication stress in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tajinder Ubhi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Grant W Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kim JH, Jenrow KA, Brown SL. Novel biological strategies to enhance the radiation therapeutic ratio. Radiat Oncol J 2018; 36:172-181. [PMID: 30309208 PMCID: PMC6226138 DOI: 10.3857/roj.2018.00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful anticancer strategies require a differential response between tumor and normal tissue (i.e., a therapeutic ratio). In fact, improving the effectiveness of a cancer therapeutic is of no clinical value in the absence of a significant increase in the differential response between tumor and normal tissue. Although radiation dose escalation with the use of intensity modulated radiation therapy has permitted the maximum tolerable dose for most locally advanced cancers, improvements in tumor control without damaging normal adjacent tissues are needed. As a means of increasing the therapeutic ratio, several new approaches are under development. Drugs targeting signal transduction pathways in cancer progression and more recently, immunotherapeutics targeting specific immune cell subsets have entered the clinic with promising early results. Radiobiological research is underway to address pressing questions as to the dose per fraction, irradiated tumor volume and time sequence of the drug administration. To exploit these exciting novel strategies, a better understanding is needed of the cellular and molecular pathways responsible for both cancer and normal tissue and organ response, including the role of radiation-induced accelerated senescence. This review will highlight the current understanding of promising biologically targeted therapies to enhance the radiation therapeutic ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kenneth A Jenrow
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Stephen L Brown
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Targeting acute myeloid leukemia CD34 + stem/progenitor cells with small molecule inhibitor MK-8776. Leuk Res 2018; 72:71-73. [PMID: 30103203 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
23
|
Qiu Z, Oleinick NL, Zhang J. ATR/CHK1 inhibitors and cancer therapy. Radiother Oncol 2017; 126:450-464. [PMID: 29054375 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2017.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cell cycle checkpoint proteins ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated-and-Rad3-related kinase (ATR) and its major downstream effector checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) prevent the entry of cells with damaged or incompletely replicated DNA into mitosis when the cells are challenged by DNA damaging agents, such as radiation therapy (RT) or chemotherapeutic drugs, that are the major modalities to treat cancer. This regulation is particularly evident in cells with a defective G1 checkpoint, a common feature of cancer cells, due to p53 mutations. In addition, ATR and/or CHK1 suppress replication stress (RS) by inhibiting excess origin firing, particularly in cells with activated oncogenes. Those functions of ATR/CHK1 make them ideal therapeutic targets. ATR/CHK1 inhibitors have been developed and are currently used either as single agents or paired with radiotherapy or a variety of genotoxic chemotherapies in preclinical and clinical studies. Here, we review the status of the development of ATR and CHK1 inhibitors. We also discuss the potential mechanisms by which ATR and CHK1 inhibition induces cell killing in the presence or absence of exogenous DNA damaging agents, such as RT and chemotherapeutic agents. Lastly, we discuss synthetic lethality interactions between the inhibition of ATR/CHK1 and defects in other DNA damage response (DDR) pathways/genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojun Qiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Nancy L Oleinick
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Junran Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA.
| |
Collapse
|