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Jegathesan Y, Stephen PP, Sati ISEE, Narayanan P, Monif M, Kamarudin MNA. MicroRNAs in adult high-grade gliomas: Mechanisms of chemotherapeutic resistance and their clinical relevance. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116277. [PMID: 38377734 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Notorious for its high mortality rate, the current standard treatment for high-grade gliomas remains a challenge. This is largely due to the complex heterogeneity of the tumour coupled with dysregulated molecular mechanisms leading to the development of drug resistance. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been considered to provide important information about the pathogenesis and prognostication of gliomas. miRNAs have been shown to play a specific role in promoting oncogenesis and regulating resistance to anti-glioma therapeutic agents through diverse cellular mechanisms. These include regulation of apoptosis, alterations in drug efflux pathways, enhanced activation of oncogenic signalling pathways, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-like process (EMT-like) and a few others. With this knowledge, upregulation or inhibition of selected miRNAs can be used to directly affect drug resistance in glioma cells. Moreover, the clinical use of miRNAs in glioma management is becoming increasingly valuable. This comprehensive review delves into the role of miRNAs in drug resistance in high-grade gliomas and underscores their clinical significance. Our analysis has identified a distinct cluster of oncogenic miRNAs (miR-9, miR-21, miR-26a, miR-125b, and miR-221/222) and tumour suppressive miRNAs (miR-29, miR-23, miR-34a-5p, miR 181b-5p, miR-16-5p, and miR-20a) that consistently emerge as key players in regulating drug resistance across various studies. These miRNAs have demonstrated significant clinical relevance in the context of resistance to anti-glioma therapies. Additionally, the clinical significance of miRNA analysis is emphasised, including their potential to serve as clinical biomarkers for diagnosing, staging, evaluating prognosis, and assessing treatment response in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugendran Jegathesan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia; Taiping Hospital, Jalan Taming Sari, Perak, Taiping 34000, Malaysia
| | - Pashaun Paveen Stephen
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia; Coffs Harbour Health Campus, Coffs Harbour, NSW 2450, Australia
| | - Isra Saif Eldin Eisa Sati
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Prakrithi Narayanan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Mastura Monif
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, VIC, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Neurology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Neurology, The Alfred, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Muhamad Noor Alfarizal Kamarudin
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia.
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Tabnak P, Hasanzade Bashkandi A, Ebrahimnezhad M, Soleimani M. Forkhead box transcription factors (FOXOs and FOXM1) in glioma: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutics. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:238. [PMID: 37821870 PMCID: PMC10568859 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03090-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most aggressive and malignant type of primary brain tumor, comprises the majority of central nervous system deaths, and is categorized into different subgroups according to its histological characteristics, including astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and mixed tumors. The forkhead box (FOX) transcription factors comprise a collection of proteins that play various roles in numerous complex molecular cascades and have been discovered to be differentially expressed in distinct glioma subtypes. FOXM1 and FOXOs have been recognized as crucial transcription factors in tumor cells, including glioma cells. Accumulating data indicates that FOXM1 acts as an oncogene in various types of cancers, and a significant part of studies has investigated its function in glioma. Although recent studies considered FOXO subgroups as tumor suppressors, there are pieces of evidence that they may have an oncogenic role. This review will discuss the subtle functions of FOXOs and FOXM1 in gliomas, dissecting their regulatory network with other proteins, microRNAs and their role in glioma progression, including stem cell differentiation and therapy resistance/sensitivity, alongside highlighting recent pharmacological progress for modulating their expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Tabnak
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Mohammad Ebrahimnezhad
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Soleimani
- Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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USP21 regulates Hippo signaling to promote radioresistance by deubiquitinating FOXM1 in cervical cancer. Hum Cell 2021; 35:333-347. [PMID: 34825342 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-021-00650-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The ectopic expression of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 (USP21) is common in different types of cancer. However, its relationship with radio-sensitivity in cervical cancer (CC) remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to uncover the effect of USP21 on CC radio-resistance and its underlying mechanism. Our results showed that the expression of USP21 was markedly increased in CC tissues of radio-resistant patients and CC cells treated with radiation. Besides, knockdown of USP21 restrained the survival fractions, and facilitated apoptosis of CC cells in the absence or presence of radiation. Additionally, USP21 in combination with FOXM1 regulated the stability and ubiquitination of FOXM1. However, FOXM1 reversed the effects of USP21 knockdown on the radio-resistance of CC cells. Furthermore, FOXM1 knockdown activated the Hippo pathway by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), and FOXM1 knockdown attenuated the radio-resistance of CC cells via inhibiting the Hippo-YAP1 pathway. USP21 activated the Hippo pathway by mediating FOXM1. Knockdown of USP21 enhanced the radio-sensitivity of CC cells in vivo. In summary, USP21 contributed to the radio-resistance of CC cells via FOXM1/Hippo signaling, and may serve as a promising target for radio-sensitizers in the radiotherapy of CC.
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Sharma RK, Calderon C, Vivas-Mejia PE. Targeting Non-coding RNA for Glioblastoma Therapy: The Challenge of Overcomes the Blood-Brain Barrier. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 3:678593. [PMID: 35047931 PMCID: PMC8757885 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2021.678593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant form of all primary brain tumors, and it is responsible for around 200,000 deaths each year worldwide. The standard therapy for GBM treatment includes surgical resection followed by temozolomide-based chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. With this treatment, the median survival rate of GBM patients is only 15 months after its initial diagnosis. Therefore, novel and better treatment modalities for GBM treatment are urgently needed. Mounting evidence indicates that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have critical roles as regulators of gene expression. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are among the most studied ncRNAs in health and disease. Dysregulation of ncRNAs is observed in virtually all tumor types, including GBMs. Several dysregulated miRNAs and lncRNAs have been identified in GBM cell lines and GBM tumor samples. Some of them have been proposed as diagnostic and prognostic markers, and as targets for GBM treatment. Most ncRNA-based therapies use oligonucleotide RNA molecules which are normally of short life in circulation. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been designed to increase the half-life of oligonucleotide RNAs. An additional challenge faced not only by RNA oligonucleotides but for therapies designed for brain-related conditions, is the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is the anatomical barrier that protects the brain from undesirable agents. Although some NPs have been derivatized at their surface to cross the BBB, optimal NPs to deliver oligonucleotide RNA into GBM cells in the brain are currently unavailable. In this review, we describe first the current treatments for GBM therapy. Next, we discuss the most relevant miRNAs and lncRNAs suggested as targets for GBM therapy. Then, we compare the current drug delivery systems (nanocarriers/NPs) for RNA oligonucleotide delivery, the challenges faced to send drugs through the BBB, and the strategies to overcome this barrier. Finally, we categorize the critical points where research should be the focus in order to design optimal NPs for drug delivery into the brain; and thus move the Oligonucleotide RNA-based therapies from the bench to the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit K. Sharma
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, United States
| | - Carlos Calderon
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, United States
| | - Pablo E. Vivas-Mejia
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, United States
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Li C, Liu H, Wei R, Liu Z, Chen H, Guan X, Zhao Z, Wang X, Jiang Z. LncRNA EGOT/miR-211-5p Affected Radiosensitivity of Rectal Cancer by Competitively Regulating ErbB4. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:2867-2878. [PMID: 33953571 PMCID: PMC8091867 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s256989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Long non-coding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) are involved in the progression of cancers and affect the response to radiation therapy. This study was to investigate the mechanism of lncRNA EGOT in the radiosensitivity of rectal cancer. METHODS The mRNA expression of EGOT, miR-211-5p and ErbB4 in rectal cancer tissues and cells was detected by qRT-PCR. The protein expression of ErbB4 was detected by Western blot. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and ribonucleic acid immunoprecipitation (RIP) were used to confirm the interaction between EGOT and miR-211-5p or miR-211-5p and ErbB4. Transfection technology was used to down-regulate and up-regulate the expression of EGOT and miR-211-5p in rectal cancer cells, respectively. MTT, colony formation and flow cytometry were used to detect the effect of EGOT and miR-211-5p on proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis of rectal cancer cells. RESULTS The expression of EGOT was up-regulated in rectal cancer tissues and cells, and the expression of EGOT was related to the late stage of pathology. EGOT knockdown inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of rectal cancer cells and induced the apoptosis of rectal cancer cells. Moreover, EGOT knockdown was significantly enhanced the effects of radiotherapy on rectal cancer in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, EGOT was found to serve as a sponge of miR-211-5p, and ErbB4 was a downstream target of miR-211-5p. EGOT enhanced the expression of ErbB4 by regulating miR-211-5p. MiR-211-5p inhibitor restored the effect of EGOT knockdown on the radiosensitivity of rectal cancer. CONCLUSION Down-regulation of EGOT could inhibit the growth of rectal cancer cells by regulating the miR-211-5p/ErbB4 axis and improve the radiosensitivity of rectal cancer cells. EGOT may be a new therapeutic target for rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hengchang Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ran Wei
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haipeng Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Guan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhixun Zhao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xishan Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Caponnetto F, Dalla E, Mangoni D, Piazza S, Radovic S, Ius T, Skrap M, Di Loreto C, Beltrami AP, Manini I, Cesselli D. The miRNA Content of Exosomes Released from the Glioma Microenvironment Can Affect Malignant Progression. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120564. [PMID: 33287106 PMCID: PMC7761654 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-grade gliomas (LGG) are infiltrative primary brain tumors that in 70% of the cases undergo anaplastic transformation, deeply affecting prognosis. However, the timing of progression is heterogeneous. Recently, the tumor microenvironment (TME) has gained much attention either as prognostic factor or therapeutic target. Through the release of extracellular vesicles, the TME contributes to tumor progression by transferring bioactive molecules such as microRNA. The aim of the study was to take advantage of glioma-associated stem cells (GASC), an in vitro model of the glioma microenvironment endowed with a prognostic significance, and their released exosomes, to investigate the possible role of exosome miRNAs in favoring the anaplastic transformation of LGG. Therefore, by deep sequencing, we analyzed and compared the miRNA profile of GASC and exosomes obtained from LGG patients characterized by different prognosis. Results showed that exosomes presented a different signature, when compared to their cellular counterpart and that, although sharing several miRNAs, exosomes of patients with a bad prognosis, selectively expressed some miRNAs possibly responsible for the more aggressive phenotype. These findings get insights into the value of TME and exosomes as potential biomarkers for precision medicine approaches aimed at improving LGG prognostic stratification and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Caponnetto
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (E.D.); (C.D.L.); (A.P.B.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (I.M.); Tel.: +39-0432-559-412 (F.C. & I.M.)
| | - Emiliano Dalla
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (E.D.); (C.D.L.); (A.P.B.); (D.C.)
| | - Damiano Mangoni
- Central RNA Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy;
| | - Silvano Piazza
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | | | - Tamara Ius
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (T.I.); (M.S.)
| | - Miran Skrap
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (T.I.); (M.S.)
| | - Carla Di Loreto
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (E.D.); (C.D.L.); (A.P.B.); (D.C.)
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Antonio Paolo Beltrami
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (E.D.); (C.D.L.); (A.P.B.); (D.C.)
| | - Ivana Manini
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (I.M.); Tel.: +39-0432-559-412 (F.C. & I.M.)
| | - Daniela Cesselli
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (E.D.); (C.D.L.); (A.P.B.); (D.C.)
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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miRNA as promising theragnostic biomarkers for predicting radioresistance in cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 157:103183. [PMID: 33310279 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.103183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Radioresistance remains as an obstacle in cancer treatment. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between the expression of miRNAs and responses to radiotherapy and the prognosis of different tumors. In total, 77 miRNAs in 19 cancer types were studied, in which 24 miRNAs were upregulated and 58 miRNAs were downregulated in cancer patients. Five miRNAs were differentially expressed. Moreover, 75 miRNAs were found to be related to radioresistance, while 5 were observed to be related to radiosensitivity. The pooled HR and 95 % confidence interval for the combined studies was 1.135 (0.819-1.574; P-value = 0.4). The HR values of the subgroup analysis for miR-21 (HR = 2.344; 95 % CI: 1.927-2.850; P-value = 0.000), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (HR = 0.448; 95 % CI: 0.265-0.760; P = 0.003) and breast cancer (HR = 1.131; 95 % CI: 0.311-4.109; P = .85) were obtained. Our results highlighted that across the published literature, miRNAs can modulate tumor radioresistance or sensitivity by affecting radiation-related signaling pathways. It seems that miRNAs could be considered as a theragnostic biomarker to predict and monitor clinical response to radiotherapy. Thus, the prediction of radioresistance in malignant patients will improve radiotherapy outcomes and radiotherapeutic resistance.
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lncRNA CASC2 Enhances 131I Sensitivity in Papillary Thyroid Cancer by Sponging miR-155. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:7183629. [PMID: 33134385 PMCID: PMC7591961 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7183629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA cancer susceptibility candidate 2 (CASC2) has been reported to play an anticancer role in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Radioiodine (131I) is a common option for the treatment of PTC. However, the role and mechanism of CASC2 in 131I sensitivity remain unclear. In this study, 131I-resistant cells were constructed through continuous treatment of 131I. The expression levels of CASC2 and miR-155 were measured by qRT-PCR. The IC50 of 131I was analyzed by cell viability using MTT assay. Flow cytometry was conducted to determine cell apoptosis induced by 131I. The association between CASC2 and miR-155 was evaluated by luciferase assay and RNA immunoprecipitation. A mouse xenograft model was built to explore the effect of CASC2 on the growth of 131I-resistant PTC cells in vivo. Results showed that CASC2 expression was decreased in PTC tissues and cells, and low expression of CASC2 was associated with poor outcome of patients. CASC2 level was reduced in 131I-resistant cells. Knockdown of CASC2 inhibited 131I sensitivity in thyroid cancer cells. Overexpression of CASC2 enhanced 131I sensitivity in constructed resistant PTC cells. CASC2 was a decoy of miR-155, and CASC2-mediated promotion of 131I sensitivity was weakened by decreasing miR-155. Abundance of CASC2 inhibited the growth of 131I-resistant cells in vivo. As a conclusion, CASC2 increases 131I sensitivity in PTC by sponging miR-155, providing a novel target for the treatment of thyroid cancer patients with 131I resistance.
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Zhang Z, Zhang J, Li J, Geng H, Zhou B, Zhang B, Chen H. miR-320/ELF3 axis inhibits the progression of breast cancer via the PI3K/AKT pathway. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:3239-3248. [PMID: 32256819 PMCID: PMC7074334 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence demonstrating that disorders affecting microRNAs (miRs) influence tumorigenesis and progression, which results in a poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer (BC). In the present study, the precise molecular mechanism underlying the role of miR-320 in the progression of BC was investigated. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was conducted to determine mRNA expression, and western blot analysis was used to test protein levels. An MTT assay was conducted to detect cell viability and Transwell assays were used to analyze cell migration and invasion abilities. Furthermore, E74-like factor 3 (ELF3) protein density was tested via immunohistochemistry. Tumor volume was detected by xenograft tumor formation assay. The current results indicated that miR-320 expression was downregulated in BC tissues and cells, and was associated with a poor prognosis of patients with BC. Overexpression of miR-320 inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion via inhibition of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in BC cells. Furthermore, it was revealed that the tumor size and weight were smaller in nude mice that had been transfected to overexpress miR-320. The luciferase reporter assay demonstrated the direct binding of miR-320 to the 3′ untranslated region of ELF3 mRNA, which may further downregulate ELF3. Overall, the present results provided evidence that miR-320 may be a tumor suppressor in BC, and that the miR-320/ELF3 axis regulated tumor progression via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which may represent a novel treatment strategy for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Jinku Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Jinmei Li
- Department of Pathology, Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Huijuan Geng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Baoding Infectious Diseases Hospital, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Bingjuan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Bingxin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
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Majidinia M, Mir SM, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Asghari R, Kafil HS, Safa A, Mahmoodpoor A, Yousefi B. MicroRNAs, DNA damage response and ageing. Biogerontology 2020; 21:275-291. [PMID: 32067137 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-020-09862-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is a multifactorial and integrated gradual deterioration affecting the most of biological process of cells. MiRNAs are differentially expressed in the cellular senescence and play important role in regulating of genes expression involved in features of ageing. The perception of miRNAs functions in ageing regulation can be useful in clarifying the mechanisms underlying ageing and designing of therapeutic strategies. The preservation of genomic integrity through DNA damage response (DDR) is related to the process of cellular senescence. The recent studies have shown that miRNAs has directly regulated the expression of numerous proteins in DDR pathways. In this review study, DDR pathways, miRNA biogenesis and functions, current finding on DDR regulations, molecular biology of ageing and the role of miRNAs in these processes have been studied. Finally, a brief explanation about the therapeutic function of miRNAs in ageing regarding its regulation of DDR has been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Mir
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Roghaieh Asghari
- Anesthesiology Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Stem Cell Center Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Safa
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam. .,Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Anesthesiology Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Stem Cell Center Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Enhanced GIP Secretion in Obesity Is Associated with Biochemical Alteration and miRNA Contribution to the Development of Liver Steatosis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020476. [PMID: 32069846 PMCID: PMC7071278 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrient excess enhances glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) secretion, which may in turn contribute to the development of liver steatosis. We hypothesized that elevated GIP levels in obesity may affect markers of liver injury through microRNAs. The study involved 128 subjects (body mass index (BMI) 25–40). Fasting and postprandial GIP, glucose, insulin, and lipids, as well as fasting alanine aminotransferase (ALT), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), cytokeratin-18, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-19, and FGF-21 were determined. TaqMan low density array was used for quantitative analysis of blood microRNAs. Fasting GIP was associated with ALT [β = 0.16 (confidence interval (CI): 0.01–0.32)], triglycerides [β = 0.21 (95% CI: 0.06–0.36], and FGF-21 [β = 0.20 (95%CI: 0.03–0.37)]; and postprandial GIP with GGT [β = 0.17 (95%CI: 0.03–0.32)]. The odds ratio for elevated fatty liver index (>73%) was 2.42 (95%CI: 1.02–5.72) for high GIP versus low GIP patients. The miRNAs profile related to a high GIP plasma level included upregulated miR-136-5p, miR-320a, miR-483-5p, miR-520d-5p, miR-520b, miR-30e-3p, and miR-571. Analysis of the interactions of these microRNAs with gene expression pathways suggests their potential contribution to the regulation of the activity of genes associated with insulin resistance, fatty acids metabolism, and adipocytokines signaling. Exaggerated fasting and postprandial secretion of GIP in obesity are associated with elevated liver damage markers as well as FGF-21 plasma levels. Differentially expressed microRNAs suggest additional, epigenetic factors contributing to the gut–liver cross-talk.
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Laws MT, Bonomi RE, Gelovani DJ, Llaniguez J, Lu X, Mangner T, Gelovani JG. Noninvasive quantification of SIRT1 expression-activity and pharmacologic inhibition in a rat model of intracerebral glioma using 2-[ 18F]BzAHA PET/CT/MRI. Neurooncol Adv 2020; 2:vdaa006. [PMID: 32118205 PMCID: PMC7034639 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies demonstrated that glioblastoma multiforme progression and recurrence is linked to epigenetic regulatory mechanisms. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) plays an important role in glioma progression, invasion, and treatment response and is a potential therapeutic target. The aim of this study is to test the feasibility of 2-[18F]BzAHA for quantitative imaging of SIRT1 expression–activity and monitoring pharmacologic inhibition in a rat model of intracerebral glioma. Methods Sprague Dawley rats bearing 9L (N = 12) intracerebral gliomas were injected with 2-[18F]BzAHA (300–500 µCi/animal i.v.) and dynamic positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging was performed for 60 min. Then, SIRT1 expression in 9L tumors (N = 6) was studied by immunofluorescence microscopy (IF). Two days later, rats with 9L gliomas were treated either with SIRT1 specific inhibitor EX-527 (5 mg/kg, i.p.; N = 3) or with histone deacetylases class IIa specific inhibitor MC1568 (30 mg/kg, i.p.; N = 3) and 30 min later were injected i.v. with 2-[18F]BzAHA. PET-computerized tomography-magnetic resonance (PET/CT/MR) images acquired after EX-527 and MC1568 treatments were co-registered with baseline images. Results Standard uptake values (SUVs) of 2-[18F]BzAHA in 9L tumors measured at 20 min post-radiotracer administration were 1.11 ± 0.058 and had a tumor-to-brainstem SUV ratio of 2.73 ± 0.141. IF of 9L gliomas revealed heterogeneous upregulation of SIRT1, especially in hypoxic and peri-necrotic regions. Significant reduction in 2-[18F]BzAHA SUV and distribution volume in 9L tumors was observed after administration of EX-527, but not MC1568. Conclusions PET/CT/MRI with 2-[18F]BzAHA can facilitate studies to elucidate the roles of SIRT1 in gliomagenesis and progression, as well as to optimize therapeutic doses of novel SIRT1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell T Laws
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Robin E Bonomi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - David J Gelovani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jeremy Llaniguez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Xin Lu
- Positron Emission Tomography Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Thomas Mangner
- Positron Emission Tomography Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Juri G Gelovani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Molecular Imaging Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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13
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Toraih EA, El-Wazir A, Abdallah HY, Tantawy MA, Fawzy MS. Deregulated MicroRNA Signature Following Glioblastoma Irradiation. Cancer Control 2019; 26:1073274819847226. [PMID: 31046428 PMCID: PMC6501491 DOI: 10.1177/1073274819847226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and aggressive brain tumor in adults, shows resistance to treatment, particularly radiotherapy. One method for effective treatment is using a group of radiosensitizers that make tumor cells responsive to radiotherapy. A class of molecules whose expression is affected by radiotherapy is the microRNAs (miRNAs) that present promising regulators of the radioresponse. Eighteen miRNAs (miR-26a, -124, -128, -135b, -145, -153, -181a/b, -203, -21, -210, -212, -221/222, -223, -224, -320, and -590), involved in the pathogenesis of GBM and its radioresponsive state, were reviewed to identify their role in GBM and their potential as radiosensitizing agents. MicroRNAs-26a, -124, -128, -145, -153, -181a/b, -203, -221/222, -223, -224, -320, and -590 promoted GBM radiosensitivity, while microRNAs-135b, -21, -210, and -212 encouraged radioresistance. Ectopic overexpression of the radiosensitivity promoting miRNAs and knockdown of the radioresistant miRNAs represent a prospective radiotherapy enhancement opportunity. This offers a glimmer of hope for a group of the most unfortunate patients known to medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Toraih
- 1 Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.,2 Center of Excellence of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Aya El-Wazir
- 1 Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.,2 Center of Excellence of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Hoda Y Abdallah
- 1 Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.,2 Center of Excellence of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Tantawy
- 3 Department of Hormones, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal S Fawzy
- 4 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.,5 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Bahreyni-Toossi MT, Dolat E, Khanbabaei H, Zafari N, Azimian H. microRNAs: Potential glioblastoma radiosensitizer by targeting radiation-related molecular pathways. Mutat Res 2019; 816-818:111679. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2019.111679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
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15
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Bahreyni-Toossi MT, Dolat E, Khanbabaei H, Zafari N, Azimian H. microRNAs: Potential glioblastoma radiosensitizer by targeting radiation-related molecular pathways. Mutat Res 2019; 816-818:111679. [PMID: 31715522 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2019.111679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal type of primary brain tumor. Currently, even with optimal and multimodal cancer therapies, the survival rate of GBM patients remains poor. One reason for inadequate response of GBM tumors to radiotherapy is radioresistance (RR). Thus, there is a critical need for new insights about GBM treatment to increase the chance of treatment. microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulatory molecules that can effectively control GBM radiosensitivity (RS) by affecting radiation-related signal transduction pathways such as apoptosis, proliferation, DNA repair and cell cycle regulation. miRNAs provide new clinical perspectives for developing effective GBM treatments. A growing body of literature has demonstrated that GBM RS can be modified by modulating the expression of miRNAs such as miR-7, miR-10b, miR-124, miR-128, miR-320, miR-21, miR-203, and miR-153. This paper highlights the miRNAs and the underlying molecular mechanisms that are involved in the RS of GBM. Besides highlighting the role of miRNAs in different signaling pathways, we explain the mechanisms that affect RS of GBM for modulating radiation response at the clinical level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elham Dolat
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hashem Khanbabaei
- Medical Physics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Navid Zafari
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Hosein Azimian
- Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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16
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Tang Y, Zhao Y, Song X, Song X, Niu L, Xie L. Tumor-derived exosomal miRNA-320d as a biomarker for metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 33:e23004. [PMID: 31420913 PMCID: PMC6868417 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To identify specific exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) as serum biomarkers for prediction of metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Serum exosomes were isolated from patients with metastatic CRC (n = 34) and non-metastatic CRC (n = 108) by ultracentrifugation and characterized using transmission electron microscopy, qNano, and Western blot. Differential exosomal miRNAs were screened by sequencing and validated by qPCR in metastatic and non-metastatic CRC patients. RESULTS After sequence analysis, KEGG analysis showed that differential genes were associated with Rap1 signaling pathway and pathways in cancer, 6 upregulated exosomal miRNAs (miR-224-5p, miR-548d-5p, miR-200a-3p, miR-320d, miR-200b-3p, and miR-1246), and 3 downregulated exosomal miRNAs (novel_246, novel_301, and miR-27a-5p) were screened with fold change >1.5, among which miR-320d was selected as the best candidate involved in CRC metastasis. Validation analysis revealed exosomal miR-320d could significantly distinguish metastatic from non-metastatic CRC patients (P = .019), with AUC of 0.633 for the diagnosis of patients with metastatic CRC. Besides, the combination of miR-320d and CEA had an area under curve (AUC) of 0.804 for the diagnosis of patients with metastatic CRC. CONCLUSION Serum exosomal miR-320d is a promising non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for distinguishing metastatic from non-metastatic CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyong Tang
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yajing Zhao
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xingguo Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xianrang Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Limin Niu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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17
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Qi H, Wang H, Pang D. miR-448 promotes progression of non-small-cell lung cancer via targeting SIRT1. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:1907-1913. [PMID: 31410153 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of microRNAs (miRs) has been demonstrated to be involved in both the initiation and the development of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). miR-448 has been identified as a tumor suppressor in several cancer types. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of miR-448 in NSCLC. Tumor tissues and paired normal tissues were obtained from patients with NSCLC. The viability and migration of A549 cells were determined by the Cell Counting kit-8 and wound-healing assays, respectively. Gene and protein levels were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and western blotting, respectively. The interaction between the 3' untranslated region of sirtuin1 (SIRT1) and miR-448 was predicted by TargetScan and verified by dual luciferase reporter assay. miR-448 levels were revealed to be decreased whereas SIRT1 levels were increased in NSCLC tissues compared with normal tissues. Pearson's correlation analysis demonstrated that there was a negative correlation between miR-448 and SIRT1 mRNA levels. Overexpression of miR-448 led to reduced growth and migration ability of A549 cells. In addition, overexpression of miR-448 decreased SIRT1 mRNA and protein levels, thereby inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and affecting EMT-associated molecules, including vimentin and E-cadherin. Dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed that SIRT1 was a direct target of miR-448. Notably, activation of SIRT1 by resveratrol treatment partially reversed the cell growth inhibition induced by miR-448 mimics. These findings suggested that the progression of NSCLC may be controlled by miR-448, which appears to hold promise as a therapeutic target for patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfeng Qi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changyi People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261300, P.R. China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Endoscopy, Shouguang Hospital of TCM, Shouguang, Shandong 262700, P.R. China
| | - Dabin Pang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changyi People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261300, P.R. China
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18
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Chen B, Xia Z, Deng YN, Yang Y, Zhang P, Zhu H, Xu N, Liang S. Emerging microRNA biomarkers for colorectal cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Open Biol 2019; 9:180212. [PMID: 30958116 PMCID: PMC6367136 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.180212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are one abundant class of small, endogenous non-coding RNAs, which regulate various biological processes by inhibiting expression of target genes. miRNAs have important functional roles in carcinogenesis and development of colorectal cancer (CRC), and emerging evidence has indicated the feasibility of miRNAs as robust cancer biomarkers. This review summarizes the progress in miRNA-related research, including study of its oncogene or tumour-suppressor roles and the advantages of miRNA biomarkers for CRC diagnosis, treatment and recurrence prediction. Along with analytical technique improvements in miRNA research, use of the emerging extracellular miRNAs is feasible for CRC diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No. 17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe Eastern Road, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No. 17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Nan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No. 17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No. 17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningzhi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No. 17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Shufang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No. 17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
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19
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Li Q, Wang C, Cai L, Lu J, Zhu Z, Wang C, Su Z, Lu X. miR‑34a derived from mesenchymal stem cells stimulates senescence in glioma cells by inducing DNA damage. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:1849-1857. [PMID: 30592284 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Insights into the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) in development and disease, particularly in cancer, have made miRNAs attractive tools and targets for novel therapeutic approaches in the treatment of glioma. miR‑34a, as a well‑known tumor suppressor miRNA, is closely related with cellular senescence. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a major component of the tumor microenvironment and possess the ability to deliver exogenous miRs to glioma cells to exert anti‑tumor effects. The present study investigated whether modified MSCs with miR‑34a possess an anti‑tumor function in glioma cells. A Transwell system was used to co‑culture U87 glioma cells and MSCs overexpressing miR‑34a, and cell proliferation and senescence assessed. The expression of senescence‑related genes p53, Cdkn1a, and Cdkn2c were tested using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and protein expression levels of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and γ‑H2A histone family, member X were detected by western blotting. Telomerase activity of U87 cells was examined using the Telo TAGGG Telomerase PCR ELISA PLUS kit. The results demonstrated that the delivered exogenous miR‑34a from MSCs significantly decreased expression of the target gene SIRT1. In addition, the delivered miR‑34a decreased the proliferation of glioma cells and provoked the expression of senescence‑related genes p53, Cdkn1a, and Cdkn2c. In addition, upregulation of miR‑34a induced DNA damage, shortened telomere length and impaired telomerase activity. However, these pro‑senescent effects were reversed by forced SIRT1 upregulation. In conclusion, the results demonstrated a novel role for miR‑34a, inducing glioma cell senescence, whereas miR‑34a modulation of SIRT1, inducing DNA damage, is crucial for miRNA replacement therapy in glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Chengde Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jianglong Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Zhangzhang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Chunyong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Zhipeng Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Xianghe Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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20
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Liu YT, Zong D, Jiang XS, Yin L, Wang LJ, Wang TT, Zhu J, He X. miR-32 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma metastasis by targeting CXXC5. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:6250-6263. [PMID: 30362164 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA-32 (miR-32) functioned as a tumor oncogene in some cancer, which control genes involved in important biological and pathological functions and facilitate the tumor growth and metastasis. However, the role of miR-32 modulates esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) malignant transformation has not been clarified. Here, we focused on the function and the underlying molecular mechanism of miR-32 in ESCC. Results discovered a significant increased expression of miR-32 in ESCC tissues and cells. Downregulation of miR-32 inhibited the migration, invasion, adhesion of ESCC cell lines (EC9706 and KYSE450), and the levels of EMT protein in vitro. In vivo, miR-32 inhibitors decrease tumor size, tumor weight, and the number of metastatic nodules. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) results revealed that inhibition of miR-32 attenuate lung metastasis. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assay showed increased level of E-cadherin and decreased level of N-cadherin and Vimentin with treatment of miR-32 inhibitors. Furthermore, miR-32 targeted the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of CXXC5, and inhibited the level of mRNA and protein of CXXC5. There is a negative correlation between the expressions of CXXC5 and miR-32. Then, after EC9706 and KYSE450 cells cotransfected with si-CXXC5 and miR-32 inhibitors, the ability of cell migration, invasion, and adhesion was significantly reduced. In addition, the protein expression of EMT and TGF-β signaling was also depressed. Collectively, these data supply an insight into the positive role of miR-32 in ESCC progression and metastasis, and its biological effects may attribute the inhibition of TGF-β signaling mediated by CXXC5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Tian Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Zong
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue-Song Jiang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Jun Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting-Ting Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Xia He
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
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21
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Liao GB, Li XZ, Zeng S, Liu C, Yang SM, Yang L, Hu CJ, Bai JY. Regulation of the master regulator FOXM1 in cancer. Cell Commun Signal 2018; 16:57. [PMID: 30208972 PMCID: PMC6134757 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
FOXM1 (forkhead box protein M1) is a critical proliferation-associated transcription factor that is widely spatiotemporally expressed during the cell cycle. It is closely involved with the processes of cell proliferation, self-renewal, and tumorigenesis. In most human cancers, FOXM1 is overexpressed, and this indicates a poor prognosis for cancer patients. FOXM1 maintains cancer hallmarks by regulating the expression of target genes at the transcriptional level. Due to its potential role as molecular target in cancer therapy, FOXM1 was named the Molecule of the Year in 2010. However, the mechanism of FOXM1 dysregulation remains indistinct. A comprehensive understanding of FOXM1 regulation will provide novel insight for cancer and other diseases in which FOXM1 plays a major role. Here, we summarize the transcriptional regulation, post-transcriptional regulation and post-translational modifications of FOXM1, which will provide extremely important implications for novel strategies targeting FOXM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Bin Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Xin-Zhe Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Shuo Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Shi-Ming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Chang-Jiang Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Jian-Ying Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037 China
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