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Evrin C, Alvarez V, Ainsworth J, Fujisawa R, Alabert C, Labib KPM. DONSON is required for CMG helicase assembly in the mammalian cell cycle. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e57677. [PMID: 37781960 PMCID: PMC10626419 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202357677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
DONSON is one of 13 genes mutated in a form of primordial microcephalic dwarfism known as Meier-Gorlin syndrome. The other 12 encode components of the CDC45-MCM-GINS helicase, around which the eukaryotic replisome forms, or are factors required for helicase assembly during DNA replication initiation. A role for DONSON in CDC45-MCM-GINS assembly was unanticipated, since DNA replication initiation can be reconstituted in vitro with purified proteins from budding yeast, which lacks DONSON. Using mouse embryonic stem cells as a model for the mammalian helicase, we show that DONSON binds directly but transiently to CDC45-MCM-GINS during S-phase and is essential for chromosome duplication. Rapid depletion of DONSON leads to the disappearance of the CDC45-MCM-GINS helicase from S-phase cells and our data indicate that DONSON is dispensable for loading of the MCM2-7 helicase core onto chromatin during G1-phase, but instead is essential for CDC45-MCM-GINS assembly during S-phase. These data identify DONSON as a missing link in our understanding of mammalian chromosome duplication and provide a molecular explanation for why mutations in human DONSON are associated with Meier-Gorlin syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecile Evrin
- The MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeUK
| | - Vanesa Alvarez
- Division of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeUK
| | - Johanna Ainsworth
- The MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeUK
| | - Ryo Fujisawa
- The MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeUK
| | - Constance Alabert
- Division of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeUK
| | - Karim PM Labib
- The MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeUK
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Kingsley G, Skagia A, Passaretti P, Fernandez-Cuesta C, Reynolds-Winczura A, Koscielniak K, Gambus A. DONSON facilitates Cdc45 and GINS chromatin association and is essential for DNA replication initiation. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:9748-9763. [PMID: 37638758 PMCID: PMC10570026 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Faithful cell division is the basis for the propagation of life and DNA replication must be precisely regulated. DNA replication stress is a prominent endogenous source of genome instability that not only leads to ageing, but also neuropathology and cancer development in humans. Specifically, the issues of how vertebrate cells select and activate origins of replication are of importance as, for example, insufficient origin firing leads to genomic instability and mutations in replication initiation factors lead to the rare human disease Meier-Gorlin syndrome. The mechanism of origin activation has been well characterised and reconstituted in yeast, however, an equal understanding of this process in higher eukaryotes is lacking. The firing of replication origins is driven by S-phase kinases (CDKs and DDK) and results in the activation of the replicative helicase and generation of two bi-directional replication forks. Our data, generated from cell-free Xenopus laevis egg extracts, show that DONSON is required for assembly of the active replicative helicase (CMG complex) at origins during replication initiation. DONSON has previously been shown to be essential during DNA replication, both in human cells and in Drosophila, but the mechanism of DONSON's action was unknown. Here we show that DONSON's presence is essential for replication initiation as it is required for Cdc45 and GINS association with Mcm2-7 complexes and helicase activation. To fulfil this role, DONSON interacts with the initiation factor, TopBP1, in a CDK-dependent manner. Following its initiation role, DONSON also forms a part of the replisome during the elongation stage of DNA replication. Mutations in DONSON have recently been shown to lead to the Meier-Gorlin syndrome; this novel replication initiation role of DONSON therefore provides the explanation for the phenotypes caused by DONSON mutations in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Kingsley
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Aggeliki Skagia
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Paolo Passaretti
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Cyntia Fernandez-Cuesta
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Alicja Reynolds-Winczura
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Kinga Koscielniak
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Agnieszka Gambus
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, University of Birmingham, UK
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Yadav RP, Chatterjee S, Chatterjee A, Pal DK, Ghosh S, Acharya K, Das M. Identification of novel mycocompounds as inhibitors of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway against RCC. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2022; 42:599-607. [PMID: 36125981 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2022.2123515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is one of the frequently disrupted signaling pathways in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) that plays a significant role in tumor formation, disease progression and therapeutic resistance. Therefore, novel natural molecules targeting the critical proteins of this pathway will provide the best alternative to existing drugs, which are toxic and develops resistance. Recent studies have recognized the anti-cancer therapeutic potential of mycocompounds. The current study is focused on screening various mycocompounds from Astraeus hygrometricus against key cancer signaling proteins phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B, PKB (AKT1) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). We also studied in-silico cancer cells cytotoxicity and ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity) profiles to elucidate the molecular mechanism against RCC and also to uncover the pharmacokinetic profile of these compounds. Astrakurkurone and Ergosta-4,6, 8-(14) 22-tetraene-3-one were the two most efficacious compounds with highest interaction scores and bonding. These compounds were both active against RCC4 and VMRC-RCZ cell lines of RCC. The ADME profiles of both were satisfactory based on druglikeness and bioavailability score criteria. Thus, this proposed study identified astrakurkurone and ergosta-4,6, 8-(14) 22-tetraene-3-one as potential anticancer drug candidates, and provides comparative structural insight into their binding to the 3 protein kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dilip Kumar Pal
- Department of Urology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Sudakshina Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar College for Women, Kolkata, India
| | - Krishnendu Acharya
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Madhusudan Das
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
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Tanigawa K, Misono S, Mizuno K, Asai S, Suetsugu T, Uchida A, Kawano M, Inoue H, Seki N. MicroRNA signature of small-cell lung cancer after treatment failure: impact on oncogenic targets by miR-30a-3p control. Mol Oncol 2022; 17:328-343. [PMID: 36345848 PMCID: PMC9892828 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is associated with a high mortality rate and limited treatment efficacy. We created a microRNA (miRNA) expression signature by RNA sequencing using specimens from patients with SCLC who had failed treatment. Forty-nine miRNAs were downregulated in SCLC tissues and were candidate tumor-suppressive miRNAs. In this signature, both guide and passenger strands were downregulated for five miRNAs (miR-30a, miR-34b, miR-34c, miR-223, and miR-4529). Recent studies have revealed that passenger strands of miRNAs are involved in the molecular pathogenesis of human cancer. Although miR-30a-5p (the guide strand) has been shown to be a tumor-suppressive miRNA in various types of cancers, miR-30a-3p (the passenger strand) function is not well characterized in SCLC cells. We investigated the functional significance of miR-30a-3p and oncogenic genes regulated by miR-30a-3p in SCLC cells. Ectopic expression assays showed that miR-30a-3p expression inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in two SCLC cell lines. Furthermore, in silico database searches and gene expression assays identified 25 genes as putative targets of miR-30a-3p in SCLC cells. Luciferase reporter assays revealed that downstream neighbor of SON (DONSON) was directly regulated by miR-30a-3p in SCLC cells. Knockdown of DONSON induced cell cycle arrest in SCLC cells and DONSON overexpression were detected in SCLC clinical samples. Analyzing the regulatory networks of tumor-suppressive miRNAs may lead to the identification of therapeutic targets in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Tanigawa
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshima UniversityJapan
| | - Shunsuke Misono
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshima UniversityJapan
| | - Keiko Mizuno
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshima UniversityJapan
| | - Shunichi Asai
- Department of Functional GenomicsChiba University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
| | - Takayuki Suetsugu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshima UniversityJapan
| | - Akifumi Uchida
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshima UniversityJapan
| | - Minami Kawano
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshima UniversityJapan
| | - Hiromasa Inoue
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshima UniversityJapan
| | - Naohiko Seki
- Department of Functional GenomicsChiba University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
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Kidney Cancer Biomarker Selection Using Regularized Survival Models. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152311. [PMID: 35954157 PMCID: PMC9367278 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of RCC showing a significant percentage of mortality. One of the priorities of kidney cancer research is to identify RCC-specific biomarkers for early detection and screening of the disease. With the development of high-throughput technology, it is now possible to measure the expression levels of thousands of genes in parallel and assess the molecular profile of individual tumors. Studying the relationship between gene expression and survival outcome has been widely used to find genes associated with cancer survival, providing new information for clinical decision-making. One of the challenges of using transcriptomics data is their high dimensionality which can lead to instability in the selection of gene signatures. Here we identify potential prognostic biomarkers correlated to the survival outcome of ccRCC patients using two network-based regularizers (EN and TCox) applied to Cox models. Some genes always selected by each method were found (COPS7B, DONSON, GTF2E2, HAUS8, PRH2, and ZNF18) with known roles in cancer formation and progression. Afterward, different lists of genes ranked based on distinct metrics (logFC of DEGs or β coefficients of regression) were analyzed using GSEA to try to find over- or under-represented mechanisms and pathways. Some ontologies were found in common between the gene sets tested, such as nuclear division, microtubule and tubulin binding, and plasma membrane and chromosome regions. Additionally, genes that were more involved in these ontologies and genes selected by the regularizers were used to create a new gene set where we applied the Cox regression model. With this smaller gene set, we were able to significantly split patients into high/low risk groups showing the importance of studying these genes as potential prognostic factors to help clinicians better identify and monitor patients with ccRCC.
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Qi Y, Wu H, Liu C, Zheng D, Yan C, Hu W, Zhang X, Dai X. Downstream Neighbor of Son Overexpression is Associated With Breast Cancer Progression and a Poor Prognosis. J Breast Cancer 2022; 25:327-343. [PMID: 35914745 PMCID: PMC9411031 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2022.25.e26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Qi
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haodong Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Conghui Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Danni Zheng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Congzhi Yan
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Hu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuanxuan Dai
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Klümper N, von Danwitz M, Stein J, Schmidt D, Schmidt A, Kristiansen G, Muders M, Hölzel M, Ritter M, Alajati A, Ellinger J. Downstream Neighbor of SON (DONSON) Expression Is Enhanced in Phenotypically Aggressive Prostate Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113439. [PMID: 33228112 PMCID: PMC7699366 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Downstream neighbor of SON (DONSON) plays a crucial role in cell cycle progression and in maintaining genomic stability. We identified DONSON to be associated with an aggressive histopathological phenotype and unfavorable survival in prostate cancer (PCa) in different transcriptomic cohorts and on the protein level in our tissue microarray cohort. DONSON expression in the primary tumor was particularly strong in locally advanced, metastasized, and dedifferentiated carcinomas (TNM Stage, Gleason). Highly proliferating tumors exhibited a significant correlation to DONSON expression, and DONSON expression was notably upregulated in distant metastases and androgen-deprivation resistant metastases. In vitro, specific DONSON-knockdown significantly reduced the migration capacity in PC-3 and LNCaP, which further suggests a tumor-promoting role of DONSON in PCa. The results of our comprehensive expression analyses, as well as the functional data obtained after DONSON-depletion, lead us to the conclusion that DONSON is a promising prognostic biomarker with oncogenic properties in PCa. Abstract Downstream neighbor of Son (DONSON) plays a crucial role in cell cycle progression and in maintaining genomic stability, but its role in prostate cancer (PCa) development and progression is still underinvestigated. Methods: DONSON mRNA expression was analyzed with regard to clinical-pathological parameters and progression using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and two publicly available Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets of PCa. Afterwards, DONSON protein expression was assessed via immunohistochemistry on a comprehensive tissue microarray (TMA). Subsequently, the influence of a DONSON-knockdown induced by the transfection of antisense-oligonucleotides on proliferative capacity and metastatic potential was investigated. DONSON was associated with an aggressive phenotype in the PCa TCGA cohort, two GEO PCa cohorts, and our PCa TMA cohort as DONSON expression was particularly strong in locally advanced, metastasized, and dedifferentiated carcinomas. Thus, DONSON expression was notably upregulated in distant and androgen-deprivation resistant metastases. In vitro, specific DONSON-knockdown significantly reduced the migration capacity in the PCa cell lines PC-3 and LNCaP, which further suggests a tumor-promoting role of DONSON in PCa. In conclusion, the results of our comprehensive expression analyses, as well as the functional data obtained after DONSON-depletion, lead us to the conclusion that DONSON is a promising prognostic biomarker with oncogenic properties in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Klümper
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (N.K.); (M.v.D.); (J.S.); (D.S.); (A.S.); (M.R.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (G.K.); (M.M.); (M.H.)
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marthe von Danwitz
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (N.K.); (M.v.D.); (J.S.); (D.S.); (A.S.); (M.R.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (G.K.); (M.M.); (M.H.)
| | - Johannes Stein
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (N.K.); (M.v.D.); (J.S.); (D.S.); (A.S.); (M.R.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (G.K.); (M.M.); (M.H.)
| | - Doris Schmidt
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (N.K.); (M.v.D.); (J.S.); (D.S.); (A.S.); (M.R.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (G.K.); (M.M.); (M.H.)
| | - Anja Schmidt
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (N.K.); (M.v.D.); (J.S.); (D.S.); (A.S.); (M.R.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (G.K.); (M.M.); (M.H.)
| | - Glen Kristiansen
- Center for Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (G.K.); (M.M.); (M.H.)
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Muders
- Center for Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (G.K.); (M.M.); (M.H.)
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Hölzel
- Center for Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (G.K.); (M.M.); (M.H.)
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Manuel Ritter
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (N.K.); (M.v.D.); (J.S.); (D.S.); (A.S.); (M.R.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (G.K.); (M.M.); (M.H.)
| | - Abdullah Alajati
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (N.K.); (M.v.D.); (J.S.); (D.S.); (A.S.); (M.R.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (G.K.); (M.M.); (M.H.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (J.E.); Tel.: +49-22828712630 (J.E.)
| | - Jörg Ellinger
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (N.K.); (M.v.D.); (J.S.); (D.S.); (A.S.); (M.R.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (G.K.); (M.M.); (M.H.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (J.E.); Tel.: +49-22828712630 (J.E.)
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