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Szeőcs D, Vida B, Petővári G, Póliska S, Janka E, Sipos A, Uray K, Sebestyén A, Krasznai Z, Bai P. Cell-free ascites from ovarian cancer patients induces Warburg metabolism and cell proliferation through TGFβ-ERK signaling. GeroScience 2024; 46:3581-3597. [PMID: 38196068 PMCID: PMC11226691 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01056-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Ascites plays a key role in supporting the metastatic potential of ovarian cancer cells. Shear stress and carry-over of cancer cells by ascites flow support carcinogenesis and metastasis formation. In addition, soluble factors may participate in the procarcinogenic effects of ascites in ovarian cancer. This study aimed to determine the biological effects of cell-free ascites on carcinogenesis in ovarian cancer cells. Cell-free ascites from ovarian cancer patients (ASC) non-selectively induced cell proliferation in multiple models of ovarian cancer and untransformed primary human dermal fibroblasts. Furthermore, ASC induced a Warburg-type rearrangement of cellular metabolism in A2780 ovarian cancer cells characterized by increases in cellular oxygen consumption and glycolytic flux; increases in glycolytic flux were dominant. ASC induced mitochondrial uncoupling and fundamentally reduced fatty acid oxidation. Ascites-elicited effects were uniform among ascites specimens. ASC-elicited transcriptomic changes in A2780 ovarian cancer cells included induction of the TGFβ-ERK/MEK pathway, which plays a key role in inducing cell proliferation and oncometabolism. ASC-induced gene expression changes, as well as the overexpression of members of the TGFβ signaling system, were associated with poor survival in ovarian cancer patients. We provided evidence that the activation of the autocrine/paracrine of TGFβ signaling system may be present in bladder urothelial carcinoma and stomach adenocarcinoma. Database analysis suggests that the TGFβ system may feed forward bladder urothelial carcinoma and stomach adenocarcinoma. Soluble components of ASC support the progression of ovarian cancer. These results suggest that reducing ascites production may play an essential role in the treatment of ovarian cancer by inhibiting the progression and reducing the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Szeőcs
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Beáta Vida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032
| | - Gábor Petővári
- Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Póliska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032
| | - Eszter Janka
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032
| | - Adrienn Sipos
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
- HUN-REN-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032
| | - Karen Uray
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anna Sebestyén
- Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoárd Krasznai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032.
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary.
- HUN-REN-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032.
- MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032.
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032.
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Fan Z, Hao Y, Huo Y, Cao F, Li L, Xu J, Song Y, Yang K. Modulators for palmitoylation of proteins and small molecules. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 271:116408. [PMID: 38621327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
As an essential form of lipid modification for maintaining vital cellular functions, palmitoylation plays an important role in in the regulation of various physiological processes, serving as a promising therapeutic target for diseases like cancer and neurological disorders. Ongoing research has revealed that palmitoylation can be categorized into three distinct types: N-palmitoylation, O-palmitoylation and S-palmitoylation. Herein this paper provides an overview of the regulatory enzymes involved in palmitoylation, including palmitoyltransferases and depalmitoylases, and discusses the currently available broad-spectrum and selective inhibitors for these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeshuai Fan
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Yuchen Hao
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Yidan Huo
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Fei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, China
| | - Longfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, China
| | - Jianmei Xu
- Department of hematopathology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Yali Song
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, China
| | - Kan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, China.
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Tyavambiza C, Meyer M, Wusu AD, Madiehe A, Meyer S. The Cytotoxicity of Cotyledon orbiculata Aqueous Extract and the Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Derived from the Extract. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:10109-10120. [PMID: 38132477 PMCID: PMC10742177 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45120631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become popular because of their promising biological activities. However, for most of these nanoparticles, the cytotoxic effects have not been determined and their safety is not guaranteed. In a previous study, we successfully synthesized AgNPs (Cotyledon-AgNPs) using an extract of Cotyledon orbiculata, a medicinal plant traditionally used in South Africa to treat skin conditions. Cotyledon-AgNPs were shown to have significant antimicrobial and wound-healing activities. Fibroblast cells treated with extracts of C. orbiculata and Cotyledon-AgNPs demonstrated an enhanced growth rate, which is essential in wound healing. These nanoparticles therefore have promising wound-healing activities. However, the cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles is not known. In this study, the toxic effects of C. orbiculata extract and Cotyledon-AgNPs on the non-cancerous skin fibroblast (KMST-6) were determined using in vitro assays to assess oxidative stress and cell death. Both the C. orbiculata extract and the Cotyledon-AgNPs did not show any significant cytotoxic effects in these assays. Gene expression analysis was also used to assess the cytotoxic effects of Cotyledon-AgNPs at a molecular level. Of the eighty-four molecular toxicity genes analysed, only eight (FASN, SREBF1, CPT2, ASB1, HSPA1B, ABCC2, CASP9, and MKI67) were differentially expressed. These genes are mainly involved in fatty acid and mitochondrial energy metabolism. The results support the finding that Cotyledon-AgNPs have low cytotoxicity at the concentrations tested. The upregulation of genes such as FASN, SERBF1, and MKI-67 also support previous findings that Cotyledon-AgNPs can promote wound healing via cell growth and proliferation. It can therefore be concluded that Cotyledon-AgNPs are not toxic to skin fibroblast cells at the concentration that promotes wound healing. These nanoparticles could possibly be safely used for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Tyavambiza
- Department of Science and Innovation–Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7530, South Africa; (C.T.); (M.M.); (A.D.W.); (A.M.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
| | - Mervin Meyer
- Department of Science and Innovation–Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7530, South Africa; (C.T.); (M.M.); (A.D.W.); (A.M.)
| | - Adedoja Dorcas Wusu
- Department of Science and Innovation–Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7530, South Africa; (C.T.); (M.M.); (A.D.W.); (A.M.)
| | - Abram Madiehe
- Department of Science and Innovation–Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7530, South Africa; (C.T.); (M.M.); (A.D.W.); (A.M.)
- Nanobiotechnology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7530, South Africa
| | - Samantha Meyer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
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Szrok-Jurga S, Czumaj A, Turyn J, Hebanowska A, Swierczynski J, Sledzinski T, Stelmanska E. The Physiological and Pathological Role of Acyl-CoA Oxidation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14857. [PMID: 37834305 PMCID: PMC10573383 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid metabolism, including β-oxidation (βOX), plays an important role in human physiology and pathology. βOX is an essential process in the energy metabolism of most human cells. Moreover, βOX is also the source of acetyl-CoA, the substrate for (a) ketone bodies synthesis, (b) cholesterol synthesis, (c) phase II detoxication, (d) protein acetylation, and (d) the synthesis of many other compounds, including N-acetylglutamate-an important regulator of urea synthesis. This review describes the current knowledge on the importance of the mitochondrial and peroxisomal βOX in various organs, including the liver, heart, kidney, lung, gastrointestinal tract, peripheral white blood cells, and other cells. In addition, the diseases associated with a disturbance of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in the liver, heart, kidney, lung, alimentary tract, and other organs or cells are presented. Special attention was paid to abnormalities of FAO in cancer cells and the diseases caused by mutations in gene-encoding enzymes involved in FAO. Finally, issues related to α- and ω- fatty acid oxidation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Szrok-Jurga
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (S.S.-J.); (J.T.); (A.H.)
| | - Aleksandra Czumaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Jacek Turyn
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (S.S.-J.); (J.T.); (A.H.)
| | - Areta Hebanowska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (S.S.-J.); (J.T.); (A.H.)
| | - Julian Swierczynski
- Institue of Nursing and Medical Rescue, State University of Applied Sciences in Koszalin, 75-582 Koszalin, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Sledzinski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Ewa Stelmanska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (S.S.-J.); (J.T.); (A.H.)
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Zeng K, Li Q, Song G, Chen B, Luo M, Miao J, Liu B. CPT2-mediated fatty acid oxidation inhibits tumorigenesis and enhances sorafenib sensitivity via the ROS/PPARγ/NF-κB pathway in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cell Signal 2023; 110:110838. [PMID: 37541641 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Kidney cancer is a common kind of tumor with approximately 400,000 new diagnoses each year. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) accounts for 70-80% of all renal cell carcinomas. Lipid metabolism disorder is a hallmark of ccRCC. With a better knowledge of the importance of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in cancer, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2) has gained prominence as a major mediator in the cancer metabolic pathway. However, the biological functions and mechanism of CPT2 in the progression of ccRCC are still unclear. Herein, we performed assays in vitro and in vivo to explore CPT2 functions in ccRCC. Moreover, we discovered that CPT2 induced FAO, which inhibited the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by increasing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) production. Additionally, we demonstrated that CPT2 suppresses tumor proliferation, invasion, and migration by inhibiting the ROS/ PPARγ /NF-κB pathway. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and drug sensitivity analysis showed that high expression of CPT2 in ccRCC was associated with higher sorafenib sensitivity, which was also validated in vitro and in vivo. In summary, our results suggest that CPT2 acts as a tumor suppressor in the development of ccRCC through the ROS/PPARγ/NF-κB pathway. Moreover, CPT2 is a potential therapeutic target for increasing sorafenib sensitivity in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zeng
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832008, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qinyu Li
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Guoda Song
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Bingliang Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jianping Miao
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
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Samec M, Mazurakova A, Lucansky V, Koklesova L, Pecova R, Pec M, Golubnitschaja O, Al-Ishaq RK, Caprnda M, Gaspar L, Prosecky R, Gazdikova K, Adamek M, Büsselberg D, Kruzliak P, Kubatka P. Flavonoids attenuate cancer metabolism by modulating Lipid metabolism, amino acids, ketone bodies and redox state mediated by Nrf2. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 949:175655. [PMID: 36921709 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells is a common hallmark of malignant transformation. The preference for aerobic glycolysis over oxidative phosphorylation in tumors is a well-studied phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. Importantly, metabolic transformation of cancer cells also involves alterations in signaling cascades contributing to lipid metabolism, amino acid flux and synthesis, and utilization of ketone bodies. Also, redox regulation interacts with metabolic reprogramming during malignant transformation. Flavonoids, widely distributed phytochemicals in plants, exert various beneficial effects on human health through modulating molecular cascades altered in the pathological cancer phenotype. Recent evidence has identified numerous flavonoids as modulators of critical components of cancer metabolism and associated pathways interacting with metabolic cascades such as redox balance. Flavonoids affect lipid metabolism by regulating fatty acid synthase, redox balance by modulating nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activity, or amino acid flux and synthesis by phosphoglycerate mutase 1. Here, we discuss recent preclinical evidence evaluating the impact of flavonoids on cancer metabolism, focusing on lipid and amino acid metabolic cascades, redox balance, and ketone bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Samec
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Alena Mazurakova
- Department of Anatomy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Vincent Lucansky
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Koklesova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Renata Pecova
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Martin Pec
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Olga Golubnitschaja
- Predictive, Preventive, Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Martin Caprnda
- 1(st) Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ludovit Gaspar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Robert Prosecky
- 2(nd) Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne´s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne's University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Gazdikova
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nursing and Professional Health Studies, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Mariusz Adamek
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Peter Kruzliak
- 2(nd) Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne´s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia.
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Tong Z, Wang X, Shi S, Hou T, Gao G, Li D, Shan Y, Zhang C. Development of lactate-related gene signature and prediction of overall survival and chemosensitivity in patients with colorectal cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:10105-10122. [PMID: 36776001 PMCID: PMC10166923 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant tumor of the digestive system that contains high levels of immune cells. Lactic acid, a major metabolite, plays a crucial role in tumor development, maintenance, and therapeutic response. However, the prognostic potential and therapeutic biomarker potential of lactate-related genes (LRGs) in CRC patients remain to be elucidated. METHODS We collected the mRNA expression profile and clinical data of CRC patients from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the GSE59382 cohort. Univariate Cox regression, Lasso regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to construct the prognosis model. Combined with the risk score and important clinicopathological features, the nomogram was established. In addition, the relationship between risk score and immune infiltration, immune checkpoint gene expression, and drug sensitivity was investigated. RESULTS We constructed lactate-related gene signatures (LRGS) based on four LRGs, which independently predicted the prognosis of CRC. Patients with different risk scores are found to have distinct immune status, tumor mutation load, immune response, and drug sensitivity. In addition, nomogram results determined by risk scores and clinical factors have higher predictive performance. CONCLUSION We found that LRGS is a reliable biomarker for predicting clinical outcomes, evaluating immune infiltration and efficacy, and predicting the sensitivity to drugs in patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Tong
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (Formerly Called General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area), Shenyang, China.,Postgraduate College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (Formerly Called General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area), Shenyang, China
| | - Sanbao Shi
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (Formerly Called General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area), Shenyang, China
| | - Tiewei Hou
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (Formerly Called General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area), Shenyang, China
| | - Guangrong Gao
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (Formerly Called General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area), Shenyang, China
| | - Da Li
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (Formerly Called General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area), Shenyang, China
| | - Yongqi Shan
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (Formerly Called General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area), Shenyang, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (Formerly Called General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area), Shenyang, China
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Cao Z, Lin J, Fu G, Niu L, Yang Z, Cai W. An integrated bioinformatic investigation of mitochondrial energy metabolism genes in colon adenocarcinoma followed by preliminary validation of CPT2 in tumor immune infiltration. Front Immunol 2022; 13:959967. [PMID: 36177002 PMCID: PMC9513322 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.959967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prognosis for colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) today remains poor. Changes in mitochondria-related genes and metabolic reprogramming are related to tumor growth, metastasis, and immune evasion and are key factors in tumor genesis and development. Methods TCGA database was used to analyze the differentially expressed mitochondrial energy metabolism pathway-related genes (MMRGs) in COAD patients, and the mutation of MMRG in tumor cells, the biological processes involved, and the correlation with tumor immunity were also analyzed. Then, MMRG and MMRG-related genes were used to divide COAD patients into different subtypes, and immunocorrelation analysis and survival analysis were performed. Finally, univariate regression analysis and LASSO regression analysis were used to construct a prognostic risk model for COAD patients, which was verified by the GEO database and evaluated by Kaplan–Meier (K-M) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and the correlation between the risk model and immunity and clinical subtypes based on MMRG was analyzed. Results In this study, the MMRG patterns and tumor immune microenvironment characteristics in COAD patients were systematically evaluated by clustering the expression of 188 MMRGs. We identified two subtypes of COAD with different clinical and immunological characteristics. Eight of the 28 differentially expressed MMRG genes were used to construct risk scores. ROC and K-M curves suggested that the risk model could well predict the prognosis of COAD patients, and the risk model was related to immune cell infiltration and immune function. Conclusions The two COAD subtypes identified by MMRG are helpful for the clinical differentiation of patients with different prognoses and tumor progressions, and the risk score can assist the clinical evaluation of patient prognosis. Our results suggest that CPT2 contributes to the recruitment and regulation of neutrophils in COAD. CPT2 may act as a valuable biomarker for COAD immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wei Cai
- *Correspondence: Zheyu Yang, ; Wei Cai,
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9
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Zheng Y, Wang Y, Zheng M, Wang G, Zhao H. Exposed to Sulfamethoxazole induced hepatic lipid metabolism disorder and intestinal microbiota changes on zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 253:109245. [PMID: 34801728 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotics are widely used around the world. Pollution of Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in water poses a great threat to aquatic life. In this study, the toxic effects of SMX on the liver were assessed through RNA sequencing analysis and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis was conducted to determine the influence of SMX on gut microbiota of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Adult male zebrafish were exposed to 0, 5, 90 and 450 μg/L of environmentally relevant concentrations of SMX for 21 days respectively. The results showed that the liver had severe histopathological damages including pyknotic nuclei, cytoplasmic hyalinization and vacuolization and deformed hepatocytes with loose cell-to-cell contact. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that liver function was seriously affected by SMX exposure. Meanwhile, SMX exposure significantly inhibited the expression of genes associated with fatty acid synthesis, oxidation and transport. Besides, exfoliated and dissolved epithelial cells were observed in the gut after SMX treatment. Although there was no significant change on richness and species diversity of intestinal microbial community, the relative abundance of phylum and genus of SMX treatments were significantly different from that of control group. The present study implied that SMX may cause potential health risks to fish through inducing histopathological damages, genetic expression alterations, disorder of fatty acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- AP Center Changzhou Senior High School of Jiangsu Province, Changzhou, China
| | - Mutang Zheng
- AP Center Changzhou Senior High School of Jiangsu Province, Changzhou, China
| | - Gang Wang
- AP Center Changzhou Senior High School of Jiangsu Province, Changzhou, China
| | - Hongfeng Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
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Erb SJ, Chandler TL, White HM. Responsiveness of PNPLA3 and lipid-related transcription factors is dependent upon fatty acid profile in primary bovine hepatocytes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:888. [PMID: 35042927 PMCID: PMC8766451 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04755-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Knockdown of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) increased triglycerides (TG) in primary bovine hepatocytes, suggesting that PNPLA3 plays a causal role in hepatic TG clearing. In vivo, PNPLA3 abundance across the periparturient period is inversely related to hepatic TG accumulation and circulating fatty acid (FA) concentrations. The purpose of this research was to determine if PNPLA3, as well as other lipases, transcription factors, or FA-mediated genes, are regulated by FA mimicking liver lipid accumulation (ACCUM) and liver lipid clearing (RECOV) or singular FA physiologically found in dairy cows at 0.5 mM of circulating RECOV (iRECOV). Abundance of PNPLA3 tended to decrease with ACCUM and increased quadratically with RECOV (P ≤ 0.10), differing from PNPLA3 expression, but consistent with previous in vivo research. Adipose TG lipase abundance, but not other lipase abundances, was quadratically responsive to both ACCUM and RECOV (P ≤ 0.005). Abundance of PNPLA3 and SREBP1c and expression of LXRA responded similarly to iRECOV, with C18:0 tending to decrease abundance (P ≤ 0.07). Results indicate that bovine PNPLA3 is translationally regulated by FA and although a LXRA-SREBP1c pathway mediation is possible, the mechanism warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia J Erb
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1675 Observatory Drive Rm 934B, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Tawny L Chandler
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1675 Observatory Drive Rm 934B, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Heather M White
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1675 Observatory Drive Rm 934B, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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11
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Downregulation of CPT2 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis through p53 pathway in colorectal cancer. Cell Signal 2022; 92:110267. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Li H, Chen J, Liu J, Lai Y, Huang S, Zheng L, Fan N. CPT2 downregulation triggers stemness and oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer via activating the ROS/Wnt/β-catenin-induced glycolytic metabolism. Exp Cell Res 2021; 409:112892. [PMID: 34688609 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2) has been demonstrated to act as a tumor promotor or suppressor in different types of cancers. However, little is known about the effect of CPT2 on colorectal cancer (CRC). In the present study, we analyzed CPT2 expression in CRC tissues and cells. CPT2 was overexpressed in CRC cell lines (SW480 and RKO), and its effects and molecular mechanism on the proliferation, glycolysis, stemness, and oxaliplatin sensitivity were investigated. The xenograft experiment was used to confirm the influence of CPT2 on CRC tumorigenesis in vivo. We found that CPT2 expression was significantly downregulated in CRC patients, and its lower expression was associated with the poor prognosis, large tumor size, advanced TNM stage, and poor histological grade differentiation of patients. Upregulation of CPT2 significantly inhibited the proliferation, glycolytic metabolism, cancer stem cell properties, and oxaliplatin resistance in CRC cells. Also, the increase of CPT2 inhibited tumorigenesis, stemness and glycolysis, while enhanced oxaliplatin sensitivity in mouse models. Mechanistically, CPT2 functioned via suppressing the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway through repressing ROS production. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that CPT2 was decreased in CRC, and CPT2 downregulation could trigger stemness and oxaliplatin resistance in CRC via activating the ROS/Wnt/β-catenin-induced glycolytic metabolism. This study indicates that CPT2 is a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China
| | - JuHui Chen
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China
| | - Yiqin Lai
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China
| | - Sha Huang
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China
| | - Liang Zheng
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China
| | - Nanfeng Fan
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China.
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13
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Cacciola NA, Sgadari M, Sepe F, Petillo O, Margarucci S, Martano M, Maiolino P, Restucci B. Metabolic Flexibility in Canine Mammary Tumors: Implications of the Carnitine System. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11102969. [PMID: 34679988 PMCID: PMC8532965 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of fatty acid catabolism provides an alternative energy source to glycolysis for cancer cell survival and proliferation. The regulator enzymes of the carnitine system (CS), responsible for the transport of fatty acids across mitochondrial membranes for β-oxidation are deregulated in tumorigenesis. Recently, we found that Carnitine Palmitoyl Transferase 1 (CPT1), a crucial regulator of CS components, is expressed and dysregulated in canine mammary tumor (CMT) tissues and cells. In this study, we examined the protein expression of the three remaining enzymes of CS (Carnitine Acylcarnitine Translocase (CACT), Carnitine Palmitoyl Transferase 2 (CPT2), Carnitine O-acetyltransferase (CrAT), in canine mammary cells and tissues by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Protein expression of the components of CS was found in normal mammary glands and a concomitant deregulation of expression in CMT tissues that inversely correlated with the degree of tumor differentiation. Moreover, the expression and a different deregulation of CS-related proteins was also observed in CF33, CMT-U27, CMT-U309, and P114 cell lines used as in vitro model. These results demonstrate for the first time the expression of CS components in CMT tissues and cancer cells; however, further studies are needed to elucidate their roles in dogs as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzio Antonio Cacciola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via F. Delpino, 1, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.S.); (M.M.); (P.M.); (B.R.)
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (O.P.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-08-1613-2282
| | - Mariafrancesca Sgadari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via F. Delpino, 1, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.S.); (M.M.); (P.M.); (B.R.)
| | - Fabrizia Sepe
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via F. Delpino, 1, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.S.); (M.M.); (P.M.); (B.R.)
| | - Orsolina Petillo
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (O.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Sabrina Margarucci
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Via P. Castellino, 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (O.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Manuela Martano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via F. Delpino, 1, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.S.); (M.M.); (P.M.); (B.R.)
| | - Paola Maiolino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via F. Delpino, 1, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.S.); (M.M.); (P.M.); (B.R.)
| | - Brunella Restucci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via F. Delpino, 1, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.S.); (M.M.); (P.M.); (B.R.)
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14
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Vlachostergios PJ. Loss of tumor suppressive properties of lipid metabolism enzyme CPT2 in ovarian carcinoma: Comment on "CPT2 down-regulation promotes tumor growth and metastasis through inducing ROS/NFκB pathway in ovarian cancer" by Zhang et al. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101067. [PMID: 33857744 PMCID: PMC8050936 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is an essential process in cancer growth and progression. It is highly relevant in tumors with an adipocyte-rich microenvironment, such as ovarian carcinoma (OC). Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2) is a key enzyme in fatty acid oxidation (FAO) that functions as a tumor suppressor in OC. Downregulation of CPT2 is reportedly associated with poor prognosis of OC patients. At the cellular level, low CPT2 translates into reduced NADPH level and unopposed reactive-oxygen species (ROS)/nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) signaling which are paralleled by induction of mesenchymal mediators, invasion and metastasis. While strategies to propagate the tumor suppressive properties of CPT2 have yet to be developed, a comprehensive approach of co-assessment and co-targeting of CPT2 and its family member CPT1, or/and other key FAO players with FAO-specific inhibitors or/and less specific inhibitors (e.g. targeting NFκB, STAT3) is worth pursuing to improve understanding of the metabolic aspects of OC and develop a lipid metabolism-centered therapeutic strategy that can benefit OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis J Vlachostergios
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 520 East 70th street, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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15
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Baczewska M, Bojczuk K, Kołakowski A, Dobroch J, Guzik P, Knapp P. Obesity and Energy Substrate Transporters in Ovarian Cancer-Review. Molecules 2021; 26:1659. [PMID: 33809784 PMCID: PMC8002293 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the seventh most common cancer in women. It is characterized by a high mortality rate because of its aggressiveness and advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. It is a nonhomogenous group of neoplasms and, of which the molecular basics are still being investigated. Nowadays, the golden standard in the treatment is debulking cytoreductive surgery combined with platinum-based chemotherapy. We have presented the interactions and the resulting perspectives between fatty acid transporters, glucose transporters and ovarian cancer cells. Studies have shown the association between a lipid-rich environment and cancer progression, which suggests the use of correspondent transporter inhibitors as promising chemotherapeutic agents. This review summarizes preclinical and clinical studies highlighting the role of fatty acid transport proteins and glucose transporters in development, growth, metastasizing and its potential use in targeted therapies of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Baczewska
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (J.D.); (P.K.)
| | - Klaudia Bojczuk
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (J.D.); (P.K.)
| | - Adrian Kołakowski
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (J.D.); (P.K.)
| | - Jakub Dobroch
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (J.D.); (P.K.)
| | - Paweł Guzik
- Clinical Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, City Hospital, 35-241 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Paweł Knapp
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (J.D.); (P.K.)
- University Oncology Center, University Clinical Hospital in Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
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