1
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Li Z, Wang D, Zhu X. Roles of LncRNA ARSR in tumor proliferation, drug resistance, and lipid and cholesterol metabolism. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03700-4. [PMID: 39251493 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03700-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most serious diseases that threaten human life and health. Among all kinds of diseases, the mortality rate of malignant tumors is the second highest, second only to cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Cancer treatment typically involves imaging, surgery, and pathological analysis. When patients are identified as carcinoma by the above means, there are often problems of distant metastasis, delayed treatment, and drug tolerance, indicating that patients have some poor prognosis and overall survival. Hence, the development of novel molecular biomarkers is of great clinical importance. In recent years, as an important mediator of material and information exchange between cells in the tumor microenvironment, lncRNA have attracted widespread attention for their roles in tumor development. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the up-to-date knowledge of lncARSR on diverse cancer types which mainly focuses on tumor proliferation, drug tolerance, and lipid and cholesterol metabolism, highlighting the potential of lncARSR as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and even a therapeutic target. In our final analysis, we provide a synthesized overview of the directions for future inquiry into lncARSR, and we are eager to witness the advancement of research that will elucidate the multifaceted nature of this lncRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Li
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China.
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2
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Arshi A, Mahmoudi E, Raeisi F, Dehghan Tezerjani M, Bahramian E, Ahmed Y, Peng C. Exploring potential roles of long non-coding RNAs in cancer immunotherapy: a comprehensive review. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1446937. [PMID: 39257589 PMCID: PMC11384988 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1446937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment has long been fraught with challenges, including drug resistance, metastasis, and recurrence, making it one of the most difficult diseases to treat effectively. Traditional therapeutic approaches often fall short due to their inability to target cancer stem cells and the complex genetic and epigenetic landscape of tumors. In recent years, cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the field, offering new hope and viable alternatives to conventional treatments. A particularly promising area of research focuses on non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and their role in cancer resistance and the modulation of signaling pathways. To address these challenges, we performed a comprehensive review of recent studies on lncRNAs and their impact on cancer immunotherapy. Our review highlights the crucial roles that lncRNAs play in affecting both innate and adaptive immunity, thereby influencing the outcomes of cancer treatments. Key observations from our review indicate that lncRNAs can modify the tumor immune microenvironment, enhance immune cell infiltration, and regulate cytokine production, all of which contribute to tumor growth and resistance to therapies. These insights suggest that lncRNAs could serve as potential targets for precision medicine, opening up new avenues for developing more effective cancer immunotherapies. By compiling recent research on lncRNAs across various cancers, this review aims to shed light on their mechanisms within the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Arshi
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Esmaeil Mahmoudi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Dehghan Tezerjani
- Department of bioinformatics, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham Bahramian
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Yeasin Ahmed
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Chun Peng
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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3
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Tiwari P, Tripathi LP. Long Non-Coding RNAs, Nuclear Receptors and Their Cross-Talks in Cancer-Implications and Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2920. [PMID: 39199690 PMCID: PMC11352509 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16162920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play key roles in various epigenetic and post-transcriptional events in the cell, thereby significantly influencing cellular processes including gene expression, development and diseases such as cancer. Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a family of ligand-regulated transcription factors that typically regulate transcription of genes involved in a broad spectrum of cellular processes, immune responses and in many diseases including cancer. Owing to their many overlapping roles as modulators of gene expression, the paths traversed by lncRNA and NR-mediated signaling often cross each other; these lncRNA-NR cross-talks are being increasingly recognized as important players in many cellular processes and diseases such as cancer. Here, we review the individual roles of lncRNAs and NRs, especially growth factor modulated receptors such as androgen receptors (ARs), in various types of cancers and how the cross-talks between lncRNAs and NRs are involved in cancer progression and metastasis. We discuss the challenges involved in characterizing lncRNA-NR associations and how to overcome them. Furthering our understanding of the mechanisms of lncRNA-NR associations is crucial to realizing their potential as prognostic features, diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabha Tiwari
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Lokesh P. Tripathi
- Laboratory for Transcriptome Technology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Kanagawa, Japan
- AI Center for Health and Biomedical Research (ArCHER), National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Kento Innovation Park NK Building, 3-17 Senrioka Shinmachi, Settsu 566-0002, Osaka, Japan
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4
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Obaid Saleh R, Shbeer AM, Jetti R, Ahmed Robadi I, Hjazi A, Hussein Kareem A, Noori Shakir M, Qasim Alasheqi M, Alawadi A, Haslany A. Association between lncRNAs with stem cells in cancer; a particular focus on lncRNA-CSCs axis in cancer immunopathogenesis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 136:112306. [PMID: 38833843 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
A unique population of cells known as cancer stem cells (CSCs) is essential to developing and spreading cancer. Cancer initiation, maintenance, and progression are all believed to be significantly impacted by the distinct characteristics these cells exhibit regarding self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation. Transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational processes are the only steps of gene expression that lncRNAs can affect. As a result, these proteins participate in numerous biological processes, including the repair of DNA damage, inflammatory reactions, metabolic control, the survival of cells, intercellular communication, and the development and specialization of cells. Studies have indicated that lncRNAs are important for controlling the increase in the subset of CSCs contributing to cancer development. The knowledge that is currently available about lncRNAs and their critical role in maintaining the biological properties of CSCs is highlighted in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed Obaid Saleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar, Iraq
| | - Abdullah M Shbeer
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Raghu Jetti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Ahmed Robadi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Maha Noori Shakir
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Ahmed Alawadi
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Haslany
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
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5
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Elimam H, Alhamshry NAA, Hatawsh A, Elfar N, Moussa R, Radwan AF, Abd-Elmawla MA, Elkashlan AM, Zaki MB, Abdel-Reheim MA, Mohammed OA, Doghish AS. Natural products and long noncoding RNA signatures in gallbladder cancer: a review focuses on pathogenesis, diagnosis, and drug resistance. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03279-1. [PMID: 39028332 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03279-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive and lethal malignancy with a poor prognosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and natural products have emerged as key orchestrators of cancer pathogenesis through widespread dysregulation across GBC transcriptomes. Functional studies have revealed that lncRNAs interact with oncoproteins and tumor suppressors to control proliferation, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, stemness, and drug resistance. Curcumin, baicalein, oleanolic acid, shikonin, oxymatrine, arctigenin, liensinine, fangchinoline, and dioscin are a few examples of natural compounds that have demonstrated promising anticancer activities against GBC through the regulation of important signaling pathways. The lncRNAs, i.e., SNHG6, Linc00261, GALM, OIP5-AS1, FOXD2-AS1, MINCR, DGCR5, MEG3, GATA6-AS, TUG1, and DILC, are key players in regulating the aforementioned processes. For example, the lncRNAs FOXD2-AS1, DILC, and HOTAIR activate oncogenes such as DNMT1, Wnt/β-catenin, BMI1, and c-Myc, whereas MEG3 and GATA6-AS suppress the tumor proteins NF-κB, EZH2, and miR-421. Clinically, specific lncRNAs can serve as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers based on overexpression correlating with advanced TNM stage, metastasis, chemoresistance, and poor survival. Therapeutically, targeting aberrant lncRNAs with siRNA or antisense oligos disrupts their oncogenic signaling and inhibits GBC progression. Overall, dysfunctional lncRNA regulatory circuits offer multiple avenues for precision medicine approaches to improve early GBC detection and overcome this deadly cancer. They have the potential to serve as novel biomarkers as they are detectable in bodily fluids and tissues. These findings enhance gallbladder treatments, mitigating resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Elimam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt.
| | - Nora A A Alhamshry
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Abdulrahman Hatawsh
- Biotechnology School, 26th of July Corridor, Sheikh Zayed City, Nile University, Giza, 12588, Egypt
| | - Nourhan Elfar
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, Cairo, 11578, Egypt
- Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, 11567, Egypt
| | - Rewan Moussa
- Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Abdullah F Radwan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Mai A Abd-Elmawla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Akram M Elkashlan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, 11961, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62521, Egypt.
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, 61922, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
- Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt
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6
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Alsaab HO, Alzahrani MS, F Alaqile A, Waggas DS, Almutairy B. Long non-coding RNAs; potential contributors in cancer chemoresistance through modulating diverse molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155455. [PMID: 39043005 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
One of the mainstays of cancer treatment is chemotherapy. Drug resistance, however, continues to be the primary factor behind clinical treatment failure. Gene expression is regulated by long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in several ways, including chromatin remodeling, translation, epigenetic, and transcriptional levels. Cancer hallmarks such as DNA damage, metastasis, immunological evasion, cell stemness, drug resistance, metabolic reprogramming, and angiogenesis are all influenced by LncRNAs. Numerous studies have been conducted on LncRNA-driven mechanisms of resistance to different antineoplastic drugs. Diverse medication kinds elicit diverse resistance mechanisms, and each mechanism may have multiple contributing factors. As a result, several lncRNAs have been identified as new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for identifying and managing cancers. This compels us to thoroughly outline the crucial roles that lncRNAs play in drug resistance. In this regard, this article provides an in-depth analysis of the recently discovered functions of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis and chemoresistance of cancer. As a result, the current research might offer a substantial foundation for future drug resistance-conquering strategies that target lncRNAs in cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashem O Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad S Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atheer F Alaqile
- College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dania S Waggas
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar Almutairy
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia.
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7
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Gan L, Zheng L, Zou J, Luo P, Chen T, Zou J, Li W, Chen Q, Cheng L, Zhang F, Qian B. Critical roles of lncRNA-mediated autophagy in urologic malignancies. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1405199. [PMID: 38939836 PMCID: PMC11208713 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1405199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Urologic oncology is a significant public health concern on a global scale. Recent research indicates that long chain non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and autophagy play crucial roles in various cancers, including urologic malignancies. This article provides a summary of the latest research findings, suggesting that lncRNA-mediated autophagy could either suppress or promote tumors in prostate, kidney, and bladder cancers. The intricate network involving different lncRNAs, target genes, and mediated signaling pathways plays a crucial role in urological malignancies by modulating the autophagic process. Dysregulated expression of lncRNAs can disrupt autophagy, leading to tumorigenesis, progression, and enhanced resistance to therapy. Consequently, targeting particular lncRNAs that control autophagy could serve as a dependable diagnostic tool and a promising prognostic biomarker in urologic oncology, while also holding potential as an effective therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Gan
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liying Zheng
- Department of Graduate, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junrong Zou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Peiyue Luo
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tao Chen
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jun Zou
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Li
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qi Chen
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Le Cheng
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fangtao Zhang
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Biao Qian
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
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8
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Zhang M, Zhang J, Liang X, Zhang M. Stemness related lncRNAs signature for the prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment of ccRCC patients. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:150. [PMID: 38822402 PMCID: PMC11141027 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-01920-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) are crucial for the growth, migration, recurrence, and medication resistance of tumors. However, the impact of lncRNAs related to stemness on the outcome and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is still unclear. In this study, we aimed to predict the outcome and TIME of ccRCC by constructing a stem related lncRNAs (SRlncRNAs) signature. We firstly downloaded ccRCC patients' clinical data and RNA sequencing data from UCSC and TCGA databases, and abtained the differentially expressed lncRNAs highly correlated with stem index in ccRCC through gene expression differential analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. Then, we selected suitable SRlncRNAs for constructing a prognostic signature of ccRCC patients by LASSO Cox regression. Further, we used nomogram and Kaplan Meier curves to evaluate the SRlncRNA signature for the prognose in ccRCC. At last, we used ssGSEA and GSVA to evaluate the correlation between the SRlncRNAs signature and TIME in ccRCC. Finally, We obtained a signtaure based on six SRlncRNAs, which are correlated with TIME and can effectively predict the ccRCC patients' prognosis. The SRlncRNAs signature may be a noval prognostic indicator in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Jiqiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics/Sports Medicine Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xuemei Liang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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9
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Lv X, Yang L, Xie Y, Momeni MR. Non-coding RNAs and exosomal non-coding RNAs in lung cancer: insights into their functions. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1397788. [PMID: 38859962 PMCID: PMC11163066 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1397788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most common form of cancer worldwide Research points to the pivotal role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in controlling and managing the pathology by controlling essential pathways. ncRNAs have all been identified as being either up- or downregulated among individuals suffering from lung cancer thus hinting that they may play a role in either promoting or suppressing the spread of the disease. Several ncRNAs could be effective non-invasive biomarkers to diagnose or even serve as effective treatment options for those with lung cancer, and several molecules have emerged as potential targets of interest. Given that ncRNAs are contained in exosomes and are implicated in the development and progression of the malady. Herein, we have summarized the role of ncRNAs in lung cancer. Moreover, we highlight the role of exosomal ncRNAs in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Lv
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Changshou, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Tongliang District, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunbo Xie
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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10
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Saeinasab M, Atlasi Y, M Matin M. Functional role of lncRNAs in gastrointestinal malignancies: the peculiar case of small nucleolar RNA host gene family. FEBS J 2024; 291:1353-1385. [PMID: 36282516 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in normal physiology and are often de-regulated in disease states such as cancer. Recently, a class of lncRNAs referred to as the small nucleolar RNA host gene (SNHG) family have emerged as important players in tumourigenesis. Here, we discuss new findings describing the role of SNHGs in gastrointestinal tumours and summarize the three main functions by which these lncRNAs promote carcinogenesis, namely: competing with endogenous RNAs, modulating protein function, and regulating epigenetic marking. Furthermore, we discuss how SNHGs participate in different hallmarks of cancer, and how this class of lncRNAs may serve as potential biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morvarid Saeinasab
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yaser Atlasi
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Maryam M Matin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
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11
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Islam SS, Al-Tweigeri T, Al-Harbi L, Ujjahan S, Al-Mozaini M, Tulbah A, Aboussekhra A. Long noncoding RNA DLEU2 and ROR1 pathway induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells in breast cancer. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:61. [PMID: 38296962 PMCID: PMC10830457 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01829-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) patient who receives chemotherapy for an extended length of time may experience profound repercussions in terms of metastases and clinical outcomes due to the involvement of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism and enriched cancer stem cells (CSCs). BC cells that express high levels of lncRNA deleted in lymphocytic leukemia-2 (lncRNA DLEU2) and type I tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor ROR1 (ROR1) may play roles in the enhanced ability of the activation EMT and CSC induction. Here we find that lncRNA DLEU2 and ROR1 are specifically upregulated in tumor tissues compared to their normal counterparts in TCGA, PubMed GEO datasets, and samples from archived breast cancer tumor tissues. Following chemotherapy, lncRNA DLEU2 and ROR1 were enhanced in BC tumor cells, coupled with the expression of CSCs, EMT-related genes, and BMI1. Mechanistically, ROR1 and lncRNA DLEU2 overexpression led to enhanced tumor cell proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, cell-cycle dysregulation, chemoresistance, as well as BC cell's abilities to invade, migrate, develop spheroids. These findings imply that the role of lncRNA DLEU2 and ROR1 in BC therapeutic failure is largely attributed to EMT, which is intricately linked to enriched CSCs. In conclusion, our findings indicate that a lncRNA DLEU2 and ROR1-based regulatory loop governs EMT and CSC self-renewal, implying that targeting this regulatory pathway may improve patients' responses to chemotherapy and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed S Islam
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- School of Medicine, Al-Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Taher Al-Tweigeri
- Breast Cancer Unit, Oncology Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Layla Al-Harbi
- Department of Infection and Immunity, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafat Ujjahan
- Department of Medical Oncology and Radiotherapy, Park View Hospital, Chattagram, Bangladesh
| | - Maha Al-Mozaini
- Department of Infection and Immunity, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Tulbah
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelilah Aboussekhra
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Saleh RO, Al-Ouqaili MTS, Ali E, Alhajlah S, Kareem AH, Shakir MN, Alasheqi MQ, Mustafa YF, Alawadi A, Alsaalamy A. lncRNA-microRNA axis in cancer drug resistance: particular focus on signaling pathways. Med Oncol 2024; 41:52. [PMID: 38195957 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02263-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Cancer drug resistance remains a formidable challenge in modern oncology, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies. The convergence of intricate regulatory networks involving long non-coding RNAs, microRNAs, and pivotal signaling pathways has emerged as a crucial determinant of drug resistance. This review underscores the multifaceted roles of lncRNAs and miRNAs in orchestrating gene expression and cellular processes, mainly focusing on their interactions with specific signaling pathways. Dysregulation of these networks leads to the acquisition of drug resistance, dampening the efficacy of conventional treatments. The review highlights the potential therapeutic avenues unlocked by targeting these non-coding RNAs. Developing specific inhibitors or mimics for lncRNAs and miRNAs, alone or in combination with conventional chemotherapy, emerges as a promising strategy. In addition, epigenetic modulators, immunotherapies, and personalized medicine present exciting prospects in tackling drug resistance. While substantial progress has been made, challenges, including target validation and safety assessment, remain. The review emphasizes the need for continued research to overcome these hurdles and underscores the transformative potential of lncRNA-miRNA interplay in revolutionizing cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed Obaid Saleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar, Iraq.
| | - Mushtak T S Al-Ouqaili
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Anbar, Iraq
| | - Eyhab Ali
- College of Chemistry, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Sharif Alhajlah
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, 11961, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Maha Noori Shakir
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Alawadi
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsaalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna, 66002, Iraq
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13
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Liu Q, Guo Z, Li G, Zhang Y, Liu X, Li B, Wang J, Li X. Cancer stem cells and their niche in cancer progression and therapy. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:305. [PMID: 38041196 PMCID: PMC10693166 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03130-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
High recurrence and metastasis rates and poor prognoses are the major challenges of current cancer therapy. Mounting evidence suggests that cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an important role in cancer development, chemoradiotherapy resistance, recurrence, and metastasis. Therefore, targeted CSC therapy has become a new strategy for solving the problems of cancer metastasis and recurrence. Since the properties of CSCs are regulated by the specific tumour microenvironment, the so-called CSC niche, which targets crosstalk between CSCs and their niches, is vital in our pursuit of new therapeutic opportunities to prevent cancer from recurring. In this review, we aim to highlight the factors within the CSC niche that have important roles in regulating CSC properties, including the extracellular matrix (ECM), stromal cells (e.g., associated macrophages (TAMs), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)), and physiological changes (e.g., inflammation, hypoxia, and angiogenesis). We also discuss recent progress regarding therapies targeting CSCs and their niche to elucidate developments of more effective therapeutic strategies to eliminate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, Henan, China
| | - Zongliang Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Affiliated of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030013, Shanxi, China
| | - Guoyin Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, Henan, China
| | - Yunxia Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, Henan, China
| | - Xiaomeng Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, Henan, China
| | - Bing Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, Henan, China
| | - Jinping Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanxi Province People's Hospital, Taiyuan, 030012, Shanxi, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of blood transfusion, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, Shanxi, China.
- Department of central laboratory, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, Shanxi, China.
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14
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Joshi G, Basu A. Epigenetic control of cell signalling in cancer stem cells. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 383:67-88. [PMID: 38359971 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The self-renewing cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent one of the distinct cell populations occurring in a tumour that can differentiate into multiple lineages. This group of sparsely abundant cells play a vital role in tumour survival and resistance to different treatments during cancer. The lack of exclusive markers associated with CSCs makes diagnosis and prognosis in cancer patients extremely difficult. This calls for the identification of unique regulators and markers for CSCs. Various signalling pathways like the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, Hedgehog pathway, Notch pathway, and TGFβ/BMP play a major role in the regulation and maintenance of CSCs. Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms add another layer of complexity to control these signalling pathways. In this chapter, we discuss about the role of epigenetic mechanisms in regulating the cellular signalling pathways in CSCs. The epigenetic regulatory mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modification and microRNAs can modulate the diverse effectors of signalling pathways and consequently the growth, differentiation and tumorigenicity of CSCs. In the end, we briefly discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting these epigenetic regulators and their target genes in CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Joshi
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany.
| | - Amitava Basu
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany.
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15
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Cui W, Wang Y, Guo J, Zhang Z. Construction of a cuproptosis-associated long non-coding RNA risk prediction model for pancreatic adenocarcinoma based on the TCGA database. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32808. [PMID: 36749249 PMCID: PMC9901963 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cuproptosis is a recently identified controlled process of cell death that functions in tumor development and treatment. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA molecules longer than 200 nucleotides that bind to transcription factors and regulate tumor invasion, penetration, metastasis, and prognosis. However, there are limited data on the function of cuproptosis-associated lncRNAs in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Utilizing data retrieved from the cancer genome atlas database, we devised a risk prediction model of cuproptosis-associated lncRNAs in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, determined their prognostic significance and relationship with tumor immunity, and screened potential therapeutic drugs. Overall, 178 patients were randomized to a training or test group. We then obtained 6 characteristic cuproptosis-associated lncRNAs from the training group, based on which we constructed the risk prediction model, calculated the risk score, and verified the test group results. Subsequently, we performed differential gene analysis, tumor immunoassays, functional enrichment analysis, and potential drug screening. Finally, we found that the prediction model was highly reliable for the prognostic assessment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients. Generally, low risk patients had better outcomes than high risk patients. A tumor immunoassay showed that immunotherapy may benefit high risk patients more as there is a greater likelihood that the tumors could escape the immune system in low-risk patients. Through drug screening, we identified ten drugs that may have therapeutic effects on patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. In conclusion, this study constructed a risk prediction model of cuproptosis-associated lncRNAs, which can reliably predict the prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients, provided a clinical reference for determining treatment approach, and provided some insights into the associations between lncRNAs and cuproptosis. This provides useful insight to aid in the development of therapeutic drugs for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenguang Cui
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, China
- * Correspondence: Wenguang Cui, Hebei North University, No.11, South Diamond Road, Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province 075000, China (e-mail: )
| | - Yaling Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jianhong Guo
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zepeng Zhang
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, China
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16
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Maroni P, Gomarasca M, Lombardi G. Long non-coding RNAs in bone metastasis: progresses and perspectives as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1156494. [PMID: 37143733 PMCID: PMC10153099 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1156494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In a precision medicine perspective, among the biomarkers potentially useful for early diagnosis of cancers, as well as to define their prognosis and eventually to identify novel and more effective therapeutic targets, there are the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). The term lncRNA identifies a class of non-coding RNA molecules involved in the regulation of gene expression that intervene at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic level. Metastasis is a natural evolution of some malignant tumours, frequently encountered in patients with advanced cancers. Onset and development of metastasis represents a detrimental event that worsen the patient's prognosis by profoundly influencing the quality of life and is responsible for the ominous progression of the disease. Due to the peculiar environment and the biomechanical properties, bone is a preferential site for the secondary growth of breast, prostate and lung cancers. Unfortunately, only palliative and pain therapies are currently available for patients with bone metastases, while no effective and definitive treatments are available. The understanding of pathophysiological basis of bone metastasis formation and progression, as well as the improvement in the clinical management of the patient, are central but challenging topics in basic research and clinical practice. The identification of new molecular species that may have a role as early hallmarks of the metastatic process could open the door to the definition of new, and more effective, therapeutic and diagnostic approaches. Non-coding RNAs species and, particularly, lncRNAs are promising compounds in this setting, and their study may bring to the identification of relevant processes. In this review, we highlight the role of lncRNAs as emerging molecules in mediating the formation and development of bone metastases, as possible biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, and as therapeutic targets to counteract cancer spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maroni
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
| | - Marta Gomarasca
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
- *Correspondence: Marta Gomarasca,
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
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17
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Liang KY, Chun-Yu Ho D, Yang HP, Hsieh PL, Fang CY, Tsai LL, Chao SC, Liu CM, Yu CC. LINC01296 promotes cancer stemness traits in oral carcinomas by sponging miR-143. J Dent Sci 2023; 18:814-821. [PMID: 37021272 PMCID: PMC10068493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Emerging evidence has shown that various failures in cancer therapy, such as drug resistance, metastasis, and cancer relapse are attributed to cancer stem cells (CSCs). Also, growing attention has been paid to the regulation of non-coding RNAs in cancer stemness. Here, we aimed to investigate the contribution of LINC01296 in the modulation of oral CSCs. Materials and methods The phenotypic assays including migration, invasion, and colony-forming abilities were carried out in CSCs of two types of oral cancer cells (SAS and GNM) following the knockdown of LINC01296. In addition, the percentage of cells expressing stemness marker, ALDH1, and drug resistance marker, ABCG2, was examined as well as the self-renewal capacity after silencing of LINC01296. Moreover, a luciferase reporter was used to validate the direct interaction between LINC01296 and miR-143. Results Our results showed that LINC01296 was significantly overexpressed in oral cancer tissues and positively correlated with stemness markers. The phenotypic and flow cytometry assays demonstrated that suppression of LINC01296 reduced the aggressiveness, cancer stemness features, and colony-forming and self-renewal abilities in oral CSCs. Furthermore, we demonstrated that LINC01296 may enhance cancer stemness features through suppression of the effect of miR-143. Conclusion Silencing of LINC01296 may be a promising direction for oral cancer therapy by reducing cancer stemness via regulation of miR-143.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Yuan Liang
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital Gangshan Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Dennis Chun-Yu Ho
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Pin Yang
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital Gangshan Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Fang
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lo-Lin Tsai
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Chao
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ming Liu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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18
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Kilmister EJ, Koh SP, Weth FR, Gray C, Tan ST. Cancer Metastasis and Treatment Resistance: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Targeting of Cancer Stem Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112988. [PMID: 36428556 PMCID: PMC9687343 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis and treatment resistance are the main causes of treatment failure and cancer-related deaths. Their underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated and have been attributed to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs)-a small population of highly tumorigenic cancer cells with pluripotency and self-renewal properties, at the apex of a cellular hierarchy. CSCs drive metastasis and treatment resistance and are sustained by a dynamic tumor microenvironment (TME). Numerous pathways mediate communication between CSCs and/or the surrounding TME. These include a paracrine renin-angiotensin system and its convergent signaling pathways, the immune system, and other signaling pathways including the Notch, Wnt/β-catenin, and Sonic Hedgehog pathways. Appreciation of the mechanisms underlying metastasis and treatment resistance, and the pathways that regulate CSCs and the TME, is essential for developing a durable treatment for cancer. Pre-clinical and clinical studies exploring single-point modulation of the pathways regulating CSCs and the surrounding TME, have yielded partial and sometimes negative results. This may be explained by the presence of uninhibited alternative signaling pathways. An effective treatment of cancer may require a multi-target strategy with multi-step inhibition of signaling pathways that regulate CSCs and the TME, in lieu of the long-standing pursuit of a 'silver-bullet' single-target approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabrina P. Koh
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington 6242, New Zealand
| | - Freya R. Weth
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington 6242, New Zealand
| | - Clint Gray
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington 6242, New Zealand
| | - Swee T. Tan
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington 6242, New Zealand
- Wellington Regional Plastic, Maxillofacial & Burns Unit, Hutt Hospital, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Correspondence:
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19
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F. V, V. D. P, C. M, M. LI, C. D, G. P, D. C, A. T, M. G, S. DF, M. T, V. V, G. S. Targeting epigenetic alterations in cancer stem cells. FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2022; 2:1011882. [PMID: 39086963 PMCID: PMC11285701 DOI: 10.3389/fmmed.2022.1011882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes are rarely mutated in several pediatric tumors and some early stage adult cancers. This suggests that an aberrant epigenetic reprogramming may crucially affect the tumorigenesis of these tumors. Compelling evidence support the hypothesis that cancer stem cells (CSCs), a cell subpopulation within the tumor bulk characterized by self-renewal capacity, metastatic potential and chemo-resistance, may derive from normal stem cells (NSCs) upon an epigenetic deregulation. Thus, a better understanding of the specific epigenetic alterations driving the transformation from NSCs into CSCs may help to identify efficacious treatments to target this aggressive subpopulation. Moreover, deepening the knowledge about these alterations may represent the framework to design novel therapeutic approaches also in the field of regenerative medicine in which bioengineering of NSCs has been evaluated. Here, we provide a broad overview about: 1) the role of aberrant epigenetic modifications contributing to CSC initiation, formation and maintenance, 2) the epigenetic inhibitors in clinical trial able to specifically target the CSC subpopulation, and 3) epigenetic drugs and stem cells used in regenerative medicine for cancer and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verona F.
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pantina V. D.
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Modica C.
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Lo Iacono M.
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - D’Accardo C.
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Porcelli G.
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Cricchio D.
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Turdo A.
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaggianesi M.
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Di Franco S.
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Todaro M.
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Veschi V.
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Stassi G.
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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20
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Hussen BM, Kheder RK, Abdullah ST, Hidayat HJ, Rahman HS, Salihi A, Taheri M, Ghafouri-Fard S. Functional interplay between long non-coding RNAs and Breast CSCs. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:233. [PMID: 35864503 PMCID: PMC9306174 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02653-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) represents aggressive cancer affecting most women’s lives globally. Metastasis and recurrence are the two most common factors in a breast cancer patient's poor prognosis. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are tumor cells that are able to self-renew and differentiate, which is a significant factor in metastasis and recurrence of cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) describe a group of RNAs that are longer than 200 nucleotides and do not have the ability to code for proteins. Some of these lncRNAs can be mainly produced in various tissues and tumor forms. In the development and spread of malignancies, lncRNAs have a significant role in influencing multiple signaling pathways positively or negatively, making them promise useful diagnostic and prognostic markers in treating the disease and guiding clinical therapy. However, it is not well known how the interaction of lncRNAs with CSCs will affect cancer development and progression. Here, in this review, we attempt to summarize recent findings that focus on lncRNAs affect cancer stem cell self-renewal and differentiation in breast cancer development and progression, as well as the strategies and challenges for overcoming lncRNA's therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil , Kurdistan Region, Iraq.,Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Ramiar Kamal Kheder
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Science, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq.,Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, University of Raparin, Rania, KGR, Iraq
| | - Sara Tharwat Abdullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Hazha Jamal Hidayat
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq
| | - Abbas Salihi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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21
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Ling X, Pan Z, Zhang H, Wu M, Gui Z, Yuan Q, Chen J, Peng J, Liu Z, Tan Q, Huang D, Xiu L, Liu L. PARP-1 modulates the expression of miR-223 through histone acetylation to involve in the hydroquinone-induced carcinogenesis of TK6 cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23142. [PMID: 35698848 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The upstream regulators of microRNAs were rarely reported. Hydroquinone (HQ) is the main metabolite of benzene, one of the important environmental factors contributing to leukemia and lymphoma. In HQ-induced malignant transformed TK6 (TK6-HT) cells, the expression of PARP-1 and miR-223 were upregulated. When in PARP-1 silencing TK6-HT cells, miR-223 was downregulated and the apoptotic cell number correspondingly increased. In TK6 cells treated with HQ for different terms, the expression of miR-223 and PARP-1 were dynamically observed and found to be decreased and increased, respectively. Trichostatin A could increase the expression of miR-223, then the expression of HDAC1-2 and nuclear factor kappa B were found to be increased, but that of mH2A was decreased. PARP-1 silencing inhibited the protein expression of H3Ac, mH2A, and H3K27ac. By co-immunoprecipitation experiment, PARP-1 and HDAC2 were found to form a regulatory complex. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the upregulation of PARP-1 mediated activation of acetylation to promote the transcription of miR-223 possibly via coregulating with HDAC2, an epigenetic regulation mechanism involved in cell malignant transformation resulting from long-term exposure to HQ, in which course, H3K27ac might be a specific marker for the activation of histone H3, which also gives hints for benzene exposure research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Ling
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Zhijie Pan
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Haiqiao Zhang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Minhua Wu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhiming Gui
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qian Yuan
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jialong Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianming Peng
- Huizhou Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Huizhou, China
| | - Zhidong Liu
- Huizhou Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Huizhou, China
| | - Qiang Tan
- Foshan Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control, Foshan, China
| | - Dongsheng Huang
- Guangdong Medical University Affiliated Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liangchang Xiu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Linhua Liu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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22
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Yao H, Jiang X, Fu H, Yang Y, Jin Q, Zhang W, Cao W, Gao W, Wang S, Zhu Y, Ying J, Tian L, Chen G, Tong Z, Qi J, Zhou S. Exploration of the Immune-Related Long Noncoding RNA Prognostic Signature and Inflammatory Microenvironment for Cervical Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:870221. [PMID: 35662687 PMCID: PMC9161697 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.870221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Our research developed immune-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) for risk stratification in cervical cancer (CC) and explored factors of prognosis, inflammatory microenvironment infiltrates, and chemotherapeutic therapies. Methods: The RNA-seq data and clinical information of CC were collected from the TCGA TARGET GTEx database and the TCGA database. lncRNAs and immune-related signatures were obtained from the GENCODE database and the ImPort database, respectively. We screened out immune-related lncRNA signatures through univariate Cox, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression methods. We established an immune-related risk model of hub immune-related lncRNAs to evaluate whether the risk score was an independent prognostic predictor. The xCell and CIBERSORTx algorithms were employed to appraise the value of risk scores which are in competition with tumor-infiltrating immune cell abundances. The estimation of tumor immunotherapy response through the TIDE algorithm and prediction of innovative recommended medications on the target to immune-related risk model were also performed on the basis of the IC50 predictor. Results: We successfully established six immune-related lncRNAs (AC006126.4, EGFR-AS1, RP4-647J21.1, LINC00925, EMX2OS, and BZRAP1-AS1) to carry out prognostic prediction of CC. The immune-related risk model was constructed in which we observed that high-risk groups were strongly linked with poor survival outcomes. Risk scores varied with clinicopathological parameters and the tumor stage and were an independent hazard factor that affect prognosis of CC. The xCell algorithm revealed that hub immune-related signatures were relevant to immune cells, especially mast cells, DCs, megakaryocytes, memory B cells, NK cells, and Th1 cells. The CIBERSORTx algorithm revealed an inflammatory microenvironment where naive B cells (p < 0.01), activated dendritic cells (p < 0.05), activated mast cells (p < 0.0001), CD8+ T cells (p < 0.001), and regulatory T cells (p < 0.01) were significantly lower in the high-risk group, while macrophages M0 (p < 0.001), macrophages M2 (p < 0.05), resting mast cells (p < 0.0001), and neutrophils (p < 0.01) were highly conferred. The result of TIDE indicated that the number of immunotherapy responders in the low-risk group (124/137) increased significantly (p = 0.00000022) compared to the high-risk group (94/137), suggesting that the immunotherapy response of CC patients was completely negatively correlated with the risk scores. Last, we compared differential IC50 predictive values in high- and low-risk groups, and 12 compounds were identified as future treatments for CC patients. Conclusion: In this study, six immune-related lncRNAs were suggested to predict the outcome of CC, which is beneficial to the formulation of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yao
- Department of Gynecology, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China.,Department of Gynecology, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Xiya Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China.,Department of Gynecology, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Hengtao Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Yinting Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China.,Department of Gynecology, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Qinqin Jin
- Department of Gynecology, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China.,Department of Gynecology, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Weiyu Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China.,Department of Gynecology, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Wujun Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Gynecology, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China.,Department of Gynecology, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Senlin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Yuting Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China.,Department of Gynecology, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Ying
- Department of Gynecology, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China.,Department of Gynecology, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Lu Tian
- Department of Gynecology, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China.,Department of Gynecology, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Guo Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China.,Department of Gynecology, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Zhuting Tong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jian Qi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Center of Medical Physics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Shuguang Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China.,Department of Gynecology, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, China
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An L, Huang J, Ge S, Zhang X, Wang J. lncRNA AGAP2-AS1 Facilitates Tumorigenesis and Ferroptosis Resistance through SLC7A11 by IGF2BP2 Pathway in Melanoma. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1972516. [PMID: 35707044 PMCID: PMC9192260 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1972516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) stand as indispensable regulators of initiation and development in melanoma (melanoma). However, the action molecular mechanisms linked to melanoma remain unclear. In the current study, the findings revealed that AGAP2-AS1 was considerably greater in melanoma than in healthy tissues and that the level of AGAP2-AS1 in cancer tissue was significantly linked to the cancerous TNM stage of patients. Individuals with high AGAP2-AS1 had a considerably shorter survival duration than patients with low AGAP2-AS1, regardless of progression-free survival or overall survival. Functionally, downregulating the expression of AGAP2-AS1 can inhibit the growth of melanocytes. Compared with the control group, AGAP2-AS1 knockdown increased Erastin-mediated iron death in melanoma cells. However, iron death inhibitor FERSINT-1 restored this effect, while Erastin induced melanoma cell death. Besides, intracellular iron and Fe2+ levels increased after AGAP2-AS1 knockdown in melanoma cells treated with Erastin compared with the si-NC group. In addition, AGAP2-AS1 silencing resulted in a significant decrease in glutathione (GSH) content in Erastin-treated melanoma cells. The mechanistic results suggest AGAP2-AS1 increases SLC7A11 mRNA stability through the IGF2BP2 pathway. In this investigation, we discovered new activities for AGAP2-AS1 and firstly discovered its mechanistic basis in ferroptosis and melanoma formation that might help in the search for potential therapy options in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng An
- Jiamusi College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 53 Guanghua Street, Qianjin District, Jiamusi, 154007 Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jingwen Huang
- Jiamusi College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 53 Guanghua Street, Qianjin District, Jiamusi, 154007 Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Shihui Ge
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040 Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040 Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Affiliated Second Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 411 Gogoli Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001 Heilongjiang Province, China
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24
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Giridharan M, Rupani V, Banerjee S. Signaling Pathways and Targeted Therapies for Stem Cells in Prostate Cancer. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2022; 5:193-206. [PMID: 35434534 PMCID: PMC9003388 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most frequently occurring cancers among men, and the current statistics show that it is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men. Over the years, research in PCa treatment and therapies has made many advances. Despite these efforts, the standardized therapies such as radiation, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy and surgery are not considered completely effective in treating advanced and metastatic PCa. In most situations, fast-dividing tumor cells are targeted, leaving behind relatively slowly dividing, chemoresistant cells known as cancer stem cells. Therefore, following the seemingly successful treatments, the lingering quiescent cancer stem cells are able to renew themselves, undergo differentiation into mature tumor cells, and sufficiently reinitiate the disease, leading to cancer relapse. Thus, prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs) have been reported to play a vital role in controlling the dynamics of tumorigenesis, progression, and resistance to therapies in PCa. However, the complete knowledge on the mechanisms regulating the stemness of PCSCs is still unclear. Thus, studying the stemness of PCSCs will allow for the development of more effective cancer therapies due to the durable response, resulting in a reduction in recurrences of cancer. In this Review, we will specifically describe the molecular mechanisms responsible for regulating the stemness of PCSCs. Furthermore, current developments in stem cell-specific therapeutic approaches along with future prospects will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuvanthi Giridharan
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632104, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vasu Rupani
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632104, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Satarupa Banerjee
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632104, Tamil Nadu, India
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25
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Vitamin D May Protect against Breast Cancer through the Regulation of Long Noncoding RNAs by VDR Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063189. [PMID: 35328609 PMCID: PMC8950893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary vitamin D3 has attracted wide interest as a natural compound for breast cancer prevention and therapy, supported by in vitro and animal studies. The exact mechanism of such action of vitamin D3 is unknown and may include several independent or partly dependent pathways. The active metabolite of vitamin D3, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D, calcitriol), binds to the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and induces its translocation to the nucleus, where it transactivates a myriad of genes. Vitamin D3 is involved in the maintenance of a normal epigenetic profile whose disturbance may contribute to breast cancer. In general, the protective effect of vitamin D3 against breast cancer is underlined by inhibition of proliferation and migration, stimulation of differentiation and apoptosis, and inhibition of epithelial/mesenchymal transition in breast cells. Vitamin D3 may also inhibit the transformation of normal mammary progenitors into breast cancer stem cells that initiate and sustain the growth of breast tumors. As long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in breast cancer pathogenesis, and the specific mechanisms underlying this role are poorly understood, we provided several arguments that vitamin D3/VDR may induce protective effects in breast cancer through modulation of lncRNAs that are important for breast cancer pathogenesis. The main lncRNAs candidates to mediate the protective effect of vitamin D3 in breast cancer are lncBCAS1-4_1, AFAP1 antisense RNA 1 (AFAP1-AS1), metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA 511 (LINC00511), LINC00346, small nucleolar RNA host gene 6 (SNHG6), and SNHG16, but there is a rationale to explore several other lncRNAs.
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26
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Dai S, Liu T, Liu YY, He Y, Liu T, Xu Z, Wang ZW, Luo F. Long Non-Coding RNAs in Lung Cancer: The Role in Tumor Microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:795874. [PMID: 35047506 PMCID: PMC8762058 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.795874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of various therapeutic interventions, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, have effectively induced tumor remission for patients with advanced lung cancer. However, few cancer patients can obtain significant and long-lasting therapeutic effects for the limitation of immunological nonresponse and resistance. For this case, it’s urgent to identify new biomarkers and develop therapeutic targets for future immunotherapy. Over the past decades, tumor microenvironment (TME)-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have gradually become well known to us. A large number of existing studies have indicated that TME-related lncRNAs are one of the major factors to realize precise diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Herein, this paper discusses the roles of lncRNAs in TME, and the potential application of lncRNAs as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for immunotherapy in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Dai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Yang Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingying He
- Oncology Department, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Zihan Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi-Wu Wang
- Department of Chemoradiotherapy, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Feng Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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27
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Wen Z, Li Y, Tan B, Chen Z, Zhao Q, Tan M, Zhao Y, Xia Y, FanΔ L. LINC01088 regulates the miR-95/LATS2 pathway through the ceRNA mechanism to inhibit the growth, invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2022; 36:3946320221108271. [PMID: 35728587 PMCID: PMC9228637 DOI: 10.1177/03946320221108271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In gastric cancer, a malignant condition with a dismal prognosis, long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) play a significant regulatory role. They often compete with microRNAs through the ceRNA mechanism to affect the expression of target mRNA. However, the specific clinical value and mechanism of action of LncRNA in gastric cancer are still unclear. Methods: This study detected the expression and clinical value of LINC01088 in gastric cancer tissues. Furthermore, the biological functions of LINC01088 and the regulation mechanism of the miR-95/LATS2 pathway were explored.Results: LINC01088 and LATS2 mRNA expression decreased, and miR-95 increased in gastric cancer tissues. LINC01088 has an excellent positive correlation with LATS2 mRNA, which may be a ceRNA pair; LINC01088 has binding sites with miR-95. Gene interference tests on gastric cancer cell lines revealed that LINC01088 could prevent gastric cancer cells from proliferating, invading, and migrating. The function of LINC01088 is achieved by regulating the miR-95/LATS2 pathway through the ceRNA mechanism.Conclusion: The results of this study show that LINC01088 expression is significantly reduced in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines. LINC01088 inhibits gastric cancer cells’ proliferation, invasion, and migration by regulating the miR-95/LATS2 pathway via the ceRNA mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuan Wen
- Quality control office, 609245The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Third department of Surgery, 609245The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Bibo Tan
- Third department of Surgery, 609245The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Zihao Chen
- Third department of Surgery, 609245The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Third department of Surgery, 609245The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Ming Tan
- Third department of Surgery, 609245The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Yijie Zhao
- Third department of Surgery, 609245The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Yuxiang Xia
- Third department of Surgery, 609245The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Liqiao FanΔ
- Third department of Surgery, 609245The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
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28
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Yabo YA, Niclou SP, Golebiewska A. Cancer cell heterogeneity and plasticity: A paradigm shift in glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2021; 24:669-682. [PMID: 34932099 PMCID: PMC9071273 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity has emerged as a major contributor to intra-tumoral heterogeneity and treatment resistance in cancer. Increasing evidence shows that glioblastoma (GBM) cells display prominent intrinsic plasticity and reversibly adapt to dynamic microenvironmental conditions. Limited genetic evolution at recurrence further suggests that resistance mechanisms also largely operate at the phenotypic level. Here we review recent literature underpinning the role of GBM plasticity in creating gradients of heterogeneous cells including those that carry cancer stem cell (CSC) properties. A historical perspective from the hierarchical to the nonhierarchical concept of CSCs towards the recent appreciation of GBM plasticity is provided. Cellular states interact dynamically with each other and with the surrounding brain to shape a flexible tumor ecosystem, which enables swift adaptation to external pressure including treatment. We present the key components regulating intra-tumoral phenotypic heterogeneity and the equilibrium of phenotypic states, including genetic, epigenetic, and microenvironmental factors. We further discuss plasticity in the context of intrinsic tumor resistance, where a variable balance between preexisting resistant cells and adaptive persisters leads to reversible adaptation upon treatment. Innovative efforts targeting regulators of plasticity and mechanisms of state transitions towards treatment-resistant states are needed to restrict the adaptive capacities of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahaya A Yabo
- NORLUX Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.,Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Simone P Niclou
- NORLUX Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anna Golebiewska
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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Zhang W, Xin J, Lai J, Zhang W. LncRNA LINC00184 promotes docetaxel resistance and immune escape via miR-105-5p/PD-L1 axis in prostate cancer. Immunobiology 2021; 227:152163. [PMID: 34896914 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2021.152163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Docetaxel (DTX) resistance is a common factor in metastatic prostate cancer (PC) chemotherapy that leads to treatment failure. Because lncRNA is involved in a variety of regulatory processes in tumor progression, this study aimed to explore the function and mechanism of LINC00184 in docetaxel resistance of PC. METHODS Two PC cell lines and their docetaxel resistant cell lines (DU145/DTX and PC3/DTX) were used. The expression of LINC00184 in both cell lines and PC patient samples were evaluated. SiRNA knocking down was used to test the function of LINC00184 in proliferation and colony formation. Interaction between LINC00184 and its target miR-105-5p, as well as miR-105-5p and PD-L1 was checked by luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay. PC cell line and CD8 + T cell co-culture system was established, miR-105-5p inhibitor was co-transfected with LINC00184 siRNA to investigate the underline mechanism. RESULTS LINC00184 was found to be associated with docetaxel resistance and adverse prognosis of prostate cancer. It regulated docetaxel resistance and T-cell-mediated immune response in prostate cancer cells. LINC00184 was induced by adsorption of miR-105-5p and negatively regulated it, subsequently inhibited the expression level of PD-L1. CONCLUSIONS LINC00184 promoted docetaxel resistance and immune escape in prostate cancer cells by adsorption of miR-105-5p, resulted in upregulation of the expression of PD-L1. LINC00184 could possibly be considered as a potential target for treatment in prostate cancer patients with docetaxel-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248-252 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou 362000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xin
- Department of Urology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248-252 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou 362000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjin Lai
- Department of Urology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248-252 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou 362000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248-252 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou 362000, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Ma YS, Cao YF, Liu JB, Li W, Deng J, Yang XL, Xin R, Shi Y, Zhang DD, Lv ZW, Fu D. The power and the promise of circRNAs for cancer precision medicine with functional diagnostics and prognostic prediction. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:1305-1313. [PMID: 34313732 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgab071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a large class of covalently closed circular RNA. As a member of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), it participates in the regulation of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network and plays an important role in the regulation of physiology and pathology. CircRNA is produced by the reverse splicing of exon, intron or both, forming exon or intron circRNA. Studies have shown that circRNA is a ubiquitous molecule, which exceeds the linear mRNA distributed in human cells. Because of its covalent closed-loop structure, circRNA is resistant to RNase R, which is more stable than linear mRNA; circRNA is highly conserved in different species. It was found that circRNA competitively adsorbs miRNA, as a miRNA sponge, to involve in the expression regulation of a variety of genes and plays an important role in tumor development, invasion, metastasis and other processes. These molecules offer new potential opportunities for therapeutic intervention and serve as biomarkers for diagnosis. In this paper, the origin, characteristics and functions of circRNA and its role in tumor development, invasion and metastasis, diagnosis and prognosis are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shui Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.,Department of Tumor, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226300, China.,International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital/Institute, National Center for Liver Cancer, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yong-Feng Cao
- Department of Tumor, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226300, China
| | - Ji-Bin Liu
- Department of Tumor, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226300, China
| | - Wen Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Li Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Rui Xin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yi Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Lv
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Da Fu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.,Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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