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Zhang H, Chen Q, Hu D, Lai J, Yan M, Wu Z, Yang Z, Zheng S, Liu W, Zhang L, Bai L. Manipulating HGF signaling reshapes the cirrhotic liver niche and fills a therapeutic gap in regeneration mediated by transplanted stem cells. Exp Cell Res 2024; 434:113867. [PMID: 38043723 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Long-term stem cell survival in the cirrhotic liver niche to maintain therapeutic efficacy has not been achieved. In a well-defined diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced liver fibrosis/cirrhosis animal model, we previously showed that liver-resident stem/progenitor cells (MLpvNG2+ cells) or immune cells have improved survival in the fibrotic liver environment but died via apoptosis in the cirrhotic liver environment, and increased levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) mediated this cell death. We tested the hypothesis that inhibiting HGF signaling during the cirrhotic phase could keep the cells alive. We used adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors designed to silence the c-Met (HGF-only receptor) gene or a neutralizing antibody (anti-cMet-Ab) to block the c-Met protein in the DEN-induced liver cirrhosis mouse model transplanted with MLpvNG2+ cells between weeks 6 and 7 after DEN administration, which is the junction of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis at the site where most intrahepatic stem cells move toward apoptosis. After 4 weeks of treatment, the transplanted MLpvNG2+ cells survived better in c-Met-deficient mice than in wild-type mice, and cell activity was similar to that of the mice that received MLpvNG2+ cells at 5 weeks after DEN administration (liver fibrosis phase when most of these cells proliferated). Mechanistically, a lack of c-Met signaling remodeled the cirrhotic environment, which favored transplanted MLpvNG2+ cell expansion to differentiation into mature hepatocytes and initiate endogenous regeneration by promoting mature host hepatocyte generation and mediating functional improvements. Therapeutically, c-Met-mediated regeneration can be mimicked by anti-cMet-Ab to interfere functions, which is a potential drug for cell-based treatment of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan, ShapingBa District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Quanyu Chen
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan, ShapingBa District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Deyu Hu
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan, ShapingBa District, Chongqing 400038, China; Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, No. 175 Gaotan, ShapingBa Distract, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jiejuan Lai
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan, ShapingBa District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Min Yan
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan, ShapingBa District, Chongqing 400038, China; Department of Specific Medicine, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Zhifang Wu
- Department of Specific Medicine, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Zhiqing Yang
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan, ShapingBa District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shuguo Zheng
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan, ShapingBa District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan, ShapingBa District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Leida Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan, ShapingBa District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lianhua Bai
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan, ShapingBa District, Chongqing 400038, China; Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, No. 175 Gaotan, ShapingBa Distract, Chongqing 400044, China; Department of Specific Medicine, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, China.
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Alves LA, Bonavita A, Quaresma K, Torres E, Pacheco PAF, Cotta-de-Almeida V, Saraiva RM. New Strategies for Acute Liver Failure: Focus on Xenotransplantation Therapy. CELL MEDICINE 2010; 1:47-54. [PMID: 26998396 PMCID: PMC4789322 DOI: 10.3727/215517910x516646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) has a poor prognosis and, despite intensive care support, reported average survival is only 10-40%. The most common causes responsible for ALF are viral hepatitis (mainly hepatitis A and B) and acetaminophen poisoning. Hepatic transplantation is the only appropriate treatment for patients with unlikely survival with supportive care alone. Survival rates after transplantation can be as high as 80-90% at the end of the first year. However, there is a shortage of donors and is not uncommon that no appropriate donor matches with the patient in time to avoid death. Therefore, new technologies are in constant development, including blood purification therapies as plasmapheresis, hemodiafiltration, and bioartificial liver support. However, they are still of limited efficacy or at an experimental level, and new strategies are welcome. Accordingly, cell transplantation has been developed to serve as a possible bridge to spontaneous recovery or liver transplantation. Xenotransplant of adult hepatocytes offers an interesting alternative. Moreover, the development of transgenic pigs with less immunogenic cells associated with new immunosuppressor strategies has allowed the development of this area. This article reviews some of the newly developed techniques, with focus on xenotransplant of adult hepatocytes, which might have clinical benefits as future treatment for ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Anastácio Alves
- *Laboratório de Comunicação Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - André Bonavita
- *Laboratório de Comunicação Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kátia Quaresma
- *Laboratório de Comunicação Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elenilde Torres
- *Laboratório de Comunicação Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Vinícius Cotta-de-Almeida
- †Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roberto Magalhães Saraiva
- ‡Instituto de Pesquisa Evandro Chagas (IPEC), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Verda L, Kim DA, Ikehara S, Statkute L, Bronesky D, Petrenko Y, Oyama Y, He X, Link C, Vahanian NN, Burt RK. Hematopoietic mixed chimerism derived from allogeneic embryonic stem cells prevents autoimmune diabetes mellitus in NOD mice. Stem Cells 2007; 26:381-6. [PMID: 17975228 DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2006-0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), unlike HSC harvested from the blood or marrow, are not contaminated by lymphocytes. We therefore evaluated whether ESC-derived HSC could produce islet cell tolerance, a phenomenon termed graft versus autoimmunity (GVA), without causing the usual allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant complication, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Herein, we demonstrate that ESC-derived HSC may be used to prevent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in NOD mice without GVHD or other adverse side effects. ESC were cultured in vitro to induce differentiation toward HSC, selected for c-kit expression, and injected either i.v. or intra-bone marrow (IBM) into sublethally irradiated NOD/LtJ mice. Nine of 10 mice from the IBM group and 5 of 8 from the i.v. group did not become hyperglycemic, in contrast to the control group, in which 8 of 9 mice developed end-stage diabetes. All mice with >5% donor chimerism remained free of diabetes and insulitis, which was confirmed by histology. Splenocytes from transplanted mice were unresponsive to glutamic acid decarboxylase isoform 65, a diabetic-specific autoantigen, but responded normally to third-party antigens. ESC-derived HSC can induce an islet cell tolerizing GVA effect without GVHD. This study represents the first instance, to our knowledge, of ESC-derived HSC cells treating disease in an animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Verda
- Division of Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Jiang HH, Xiang DD, Liu GD, Wang YM. Differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into hepatocytes in vitro. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2005; 13:1849-1851. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v13.i15.1849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore a method for the differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells into hepatocytes in vitro.
METHODS: ES cells were cultured on the feeder layer of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) in the medium containing leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). The inductive factors, such as acid-fibroblast growth factor (acid-FGF), HGF, oncostatin M (OSM), Dex and ITS mixture (5 g/L insulin, 5 g/L transferring, 5 mg/L selenic acid), were added at day 9, 12, 12, 15 of induction. The activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was detected by cytochemical method and visualized by NBT/BCIP. Albumin (ALB) and CK18 were examined by immunohistochemistry and DAB staining.
RESULTS: ALP was positive in the undifferentiated ES cells. Four days after induction, embryonid bodies came into formation. After the inductive factors were added, ES cells were differentiated into single morphological cells like epithelium. ALB and CK18 were positive in some differentiated cells.
CONCLUSION: Embryonic stem cells can be selectively differentiated into hepatocytes in vitro.
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