1
|
AlSubaie RS, Alhamaid YA, Alali RS, Altaha MA, Aldalbahi AA, Ibrahim Ali S. Factors Influencing Individuals' Decision-Making Regarding Hematopoietic Stem Cell Donation: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e46015. [PMID: 37900435 PMCID: PMC10611548 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a vital medical intervention for treating various conditions. The preferred methods, i.e., bone marrow transplantation and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, have saved lives and attracted attention. Saudi Arabia, with a high sickle cell disease and leukemia incidence, faces the challenge of matching donors for HSCT. Factors like knowledge, attitudes, cultural beliefs, and access to information impact donation decisions. METHODS In May 2023, a cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Saudi Arabia, targeting the general population. Data were collected through an online questionnaire, analyzing demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and factors influencing donation intention. RESULTS Demographic analysis showed that females, younger individuals (18-25 years), those with higher education, and healthcare workers had better knowledge. Attitudes toward donation varied: 42.4% were willing to donate, while 57.6% were not. Psychological barriers, health concerns, pain, and inadequate knowledge influenced donation reluctance. Of the participants, 3.5% were registered stem cell donors, with 58.8% expressing willingness but not registered. Donors' intent was influenced by family members' need for transplants and knowledge. A majority (56.6%) supported employer support for health programs, while 65.7% believed government funding should assist donors. CONCLUSION HSCT is vital in treating diseases like sickle cell and leukemia in Saudi Arabia. While many recognize its importance, knowledge gaps about its specifics and donation deter potential donors. Enhanced awareness campaigns and support from employers and the government could increase donor registrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renad S AlSubaie
- Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
| | - Yousef A Alhamaid
- Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
| | - Rahaf S Alali
- Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
| | - Musawi A Altaha
- Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
| | - Ahad A Aldalbahi
- Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
| | - Sayed Ibrahim Ali
- Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Symvoulakis EK, Papagiannis D, Volkos P, Mantadaki AE, Linardakis M, Rachiotis G. Blood, organ and bone marrow donation: reporting on the attitudes, related to socio-emotional determinants, among nursing students in Greece. Transfus Apher Sci 2022; 61:103471. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2022.103471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
3
|
Hyde MK, Masser BM, Coundouris SP. A review of whole-blood donors' willingness, motives, barriers and interventions related to donating another substance of human origin. Transfus Med 2022; 32:95-114. [PMID: 35068004 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Diversification of blood collection agencies' (BCAs) core business requires donors to donate substances of human origin (SoHO) beyond whole-blood. Whole-blood donors are assumed to be willing to convert to donate other SoHO as well as whole-blood. However, no reviews consider the evidence on conversion (i.e., willingness/intention, behaviour, retention, attrition). This rapid review provides a narrative synthesis of whole-blood donors' conversion to another SoHO, characteristics contributing to conversion, motives and deterrents, and interventions encouraging conversion. Sixty-five studies were reviewed. Most were cross-sectional and examined whole-blood donor conversion to organ (willingness/pledge for deceased donation), plasma or stem cell donation. Most examined conversion rather than characteristics contributing to conversion, motives, deterrents or interventions. Whole-blood donors appear willing to donate another SoHO, yet conversion rates are unclear. Besides self-efficacy, there is little consistency in reported characteristics of donors converting, and few theories applied to understand characteristics encouraging conversion. Intrinsic (altruism, self-esteem, curiosity) and extrinsic (perceived need, service experience, direct requests) motives and barriers (lifestyle, fearing reduced health) appear important and require further research. Interventions encouraging conversion need replication and may include in-person, in-centre approaches, raising awareness of the functional benefits of other SoHO (high need, usefulness), and developing promotional materials that pique donors' curiosity, invite questions, and encourage donor-initiated conversations about conversion. Centralising BCAs as a single business or partnering with other organisations appears mutually beneficial to encourage conversion and sustainable panels/resources. Research is needed to understand the impact of encouraging conversion on donors and organisations, and identify optimal management strategies for multi-SoHO donors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa K Hyde
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Barbara M Masser
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ting CY, Lee YF, Lim CJ, Ting RSK, Md Zahrin MM, Ahmad AS, Wong JSY, Arip M, Zakaria Z, Ahmad Zaidi Adruce S, Tnay JKS, Wong YS. Factors Associated with Intention to Donate Hematopoietic Stem Cells among Blood Donors. Transfus Med Hemother 2020; 48:188-195. [PMID: 34177425 DOI: 10.1159/000512197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Past studies pay little attention to the intention to donate hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) among blood donors. This study investigated the level of and the influence of socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude, subjective norm and self-efficacy on the intention to donate HSC among blood donors. Methods This cross-sectional study recruited blood donors at selected public hospitals in the Malaysian State of Sarawak in 2019. A structured questionnaire was developed based on the review of relevant literature. It gathered information on socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude, subjective norm and self-efficacy on the intention to donate HSC. Variables with a p value <0.200 in bivariate analysis were included in the variable selection for regression modeling to examine their associations with the intention to donate HSC. Results A total of 569 blood donors participated (94.5% response rate). Overall, 87.1% reported a positive intention to donate HSC. In the regression model, the factor with the greatest association with intention to donate HSC was subjective norms about HSC donation (β = 0.35, 95% CI 0.27-0.42), followed by attitude about regulations of HSC donation (β= 0.21, 95% CI 0.13-0.35), self-efficacy on HSC donation (β = 0.15, 95% CI 0.09-0.32), attitude about the potential side effects of HSC donation (β = 0.14, 95% CI 0.02-0.10) and highest education level (β = 0.10, 95% CI 0.03-0.44). Conclusions The findings can be used to formulate a better strategy in promoting HSC donation among blood donors in the region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuo Yew Ting
- Pharmacy Practice and Development Division, Sarawak State Health Department, Ministry of Health, Kuching, Malaysia.,Institute of Borneo Studies, Universiti Malalysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Yew Fong Lee
- Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Chien Joo Lim
- Clinical Research and Innovation Office, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rachel Sing Kiat Ting
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Masrin Md Zahrin
- Blood Transfusion Services and Blood Bank Department, Sarawak General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuching, Malaysia
| | - Abu Sufian Ahmad
- Blood Transfusion Services and Blood Bank Unit, Sibu Hospital, Ministry of Health, Sibu, Malaysia
| | | | - Masita Arip
- Institute for Medical Research, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zubaidah Zakaria
- Institute for Medical Research, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shahren Ahmad Zaidi Adruce
- Faculty of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development, Universiti Malalysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Jessie Koh Sing Tnay
- Institute of Borneo Studies, Universiti Malalysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Yi Shen Wong
- Blood Transfusion Services and Blood Bank Department, Sarawak General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuching, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bagcivan G, Ozen N, Bayrak D, Cinar FI. Does Being A Cancer Patient or Family Caregiver of A Cancer Patient Affect Stem Cell Donation Awareness? Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs 2019; 7:36-43. [PMID: 31879682 PMCID: PMC6927162 DOI: 10.4103/apjon.apjon_22_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: One of the most difficult challenges regarding hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Turkey is finding donors for allogeneic transplantation candidates who do not have related donors. This study aims to determine whether there is any difference in the awareness of stem cell donation and transplantation between cancer and noncancer patients and their family caregivers. In addition, this study aims to determine the awareness of stem cell donation and transplantation in the entire study population. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in Turkey using a data collection form comprising questions about demographics, stem cell transplantations, donations, and medical history. On analyzing the research data, variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and as numbers (n) and percentages (%). The Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were performed to evaluate differences among cancer and noncancer diagnosed patients and their family members. Results: A total of 192 patients and 169 family caregivers participated in the study. In comparison with noncancer patients, cancer patients showed more awareness on what stem cell transplantation is, how lifesaving it is, and how to donate stem cells. Similarly, the family caregivers of cancer patients were more aware of what stem cell transplantation is and how to donate stem cells. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that cancer patients and their families were more aware of stem cell donation and transplantation; however, most of the patients and families did not know enough about the national registry program and how to donate stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gulcan Bagcivan
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nurten Ozen
- Department of Nursing, Florence Nightingale Hospital School of Nursing, Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Damla Bayrak
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cankiri Karatekin University, Cankiri, Turkey
| | - Fatma Ilknur Cinar
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Gulhane Faculty of Nursing, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
‘Be the match’. Predictors of decisions concerning registration in potential bone marrow donor registry in a group of Polish young adults as an example of prosocial behaviour. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-00319-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
7
|
Pruszczyk K, Bartnik K, Bogusz K, Farhan R, Cwil D, Jastrzębska A, Moskowicz A, Płachta M, Chmiel A, Skwierawska K, Urbanowska E, Jędrzejczak WW, Snarski E. Prior blood donations do not affect efficacy of G-CSF mobilization nor outcomes of haematopoietic stem cell collection in healthy donors. Vox Sang 2019; 114:622-627. [PMID: 31168814 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Many consider volunteer blood donors as ideal candidates for unrelated haematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) donation. However, frequent blood donations could influence the results of HPC mobilization. To our best knowledge, there are no data on the possible impact of repeated blood donation on efficiency of subsequent HPC mobilization by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). MATERIALS AND METHODS We compared outcomes of HPC mobilization in unrelated donors with and without a history of blood donation. We conducted a prospective study on 287 consecutive donors admitted to the Department of Hematology since January 2016. The final analysis included 153 donors who agreed to take part in the study and had undergone stem cell mobilization with G-CSF. RESULTS History of blood donations prior to haematopoietic stem cell mobilization with G-CSF does not have a significant impact on the number of collected CD34+ cells in the first leucocytapheresis (516.2 x 106 (170-1148) in blood donors vs 490.5 x 106 (101-1154) in non-donors) (P = 0.32). In all donors, in this study mobilization of HPC was successful: 87.5% of blood donors and 85.6% of non-donors collected the required cell number in a single apheresis. In blood donors, a higher number of blood donations within 2 and 5 years prior to HPC mobilization correlated significantly with successful donation within one leucocytapheresis (P = 0.014 and P = 0.024, respectively). CONCLUSION Multiple blood donations do not significantly influence the outcome of HPC collection in unrelated donors. Blood donors and non-donors have similar results of HPC collection, so there is no reason to favour either group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Pruszczyk
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Bartnik
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Bogusz
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Roiya Farhan
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dominika Cwil
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Jastrzębska
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Albert Moskowicz
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Milena Płachta
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Chmiel
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamila Skwierawska
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Urbanowska
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Emilian Snarski
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fingrut W, Rikhraj K, Allan D. Targeted recruitment of male donors for allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation: A review of the evidence. Vox Sang 2018; 113:307-316. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Fingrut
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - K. Rikhraj
- Faculty of Medicine; University of British Columbia; BC Canada
| | - D. Allan
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; University of Ottawa; Ottawa ON Canada
- Department of Medicine; University of Ottawa; Ottawa ON Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bart T, Volken T, Fischer Y, Taleghani BM. Giving blood and enrolling on the stem cell donor registry: ranking of obstacles and motives in Switzerland. Transfus Med Hemother 2014; 41:264-72. [PMID: 25254022 PMCID: PMC4164091 DOI: 10.1159/000365457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To obtain a better understanding of factors affecting blood and blood stem cell donation behavior in Switzerland, a series of studies has been performed. In the recent study of this series, which is described here, motivators and barriers in the field of blood and blood stem cell donation were identified. METHODS Web-based survey data from a non-random sample of the Swiss population 2012/2013 (n = 3,153) were used to describe and compare the ranking of motives and obstacles to donate blood and to enroll on the Swiss blood stem cell registry. Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Spearman's rank correlations were used to assess differences and associations between ranks and groups. RESULTS The prospect of saving lives and solidarity were the top two motives to donate blood or to enroll on the blood stem cell registry. The top two obstacles to enroll on the blood stem cell registry were lack of general information on blood stem cell donation and on its risks, whereas the top two obstacles to donate blood were the lack of information where and when to donate and deferral of or exclusion from blood donation. CONCLUSION Classical altruistic motives are top drivers for giving blood as well as registering for blood stem cell donation. Recruitment campaigns should focus on these motivators. Similarities in motivational factors as well as in obstacles regarding blood and blood stem cell donation can be found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Volken
- School of Health Professions, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | | | - Behrouz Mansouri Taleghani
- Transfusionsmedizin, Department of Haematology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Symvoulakis EK, Rachiotis G, Papagiannis D, Markaki A, Dimitroglou Y, Morgan M, Hadjichristodoulou C, Jones R. Organ donation knowledge and attitudes among health science students in Greece: emerging interprofessional needs. Int J Med Sci 2014; 11:634-40. [PMID: 24782654 PMCID: PMC4003550 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.8686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of presumed consent on donation rates has been widely debated. In June 2013 Greece adopted a 'soft' presumed consent law for organ and tissue donation, where relatives' approval is sought prior to organ removal. AIMS To report on the knowledge, attitudes and concerns of undergraduate students, enrolled in three health science disciplines, in regards to organ donation and presumed consent. METHODS Undergraduate junior and senior health science students [medical (MS), nursing (NS) and medical laboratory students (MLS)] were recruited from higher education settings in Thessaly, Greece. Dichotomous questions, previously used, were adopted to assess knowledge, attitudes and concerns towards organ donation, together with questions regarding the recent presumed consent legislation. RESULTS Three hundred seventy-one out of 510 students participated in the study (response rate: 72.7%). Only 3.6% of NS, 8.7% of MS and 3.2% of MLS carried a donor card. Although over 78% in all groups knew that it was possible to leave kidneys for transplant after death, only 10% to 39% considered themselves well-informed. NS were more likely to consider opting-out (21.5%), followed by MLS (17.9%) and MS (10.9%). Respondents were more likely to refuse organ removal upon death when expressing one of the following views: a) opposing a system making it lawful to take kidneys from an adult who has just died, unless forbidden while alive [Odds ratio (OR) 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 2.96 (1.48-5.93), p=0.002], b) worrying about their kidneys being removed after death [OR, 95% CI: 3.37 (1.75-6.49), p=<0.001] and c) believing that an intact body was needed after death [OR, 95% CI: 4.23 (2.15-8.31), p<0.001]. CONCLUSION Health science students, soon to become healthcare professionals, demonstrated limited awareness in regards to the newly reformed organ donation system. Identified knowledge deficits and concerns could have far-reaching implications in terms of conveying a clear message and shaping the public's stand. The feasibility and effectiveness of a joint inter-professional curriculum on organ and tissue donation issues across all three health science disciplines, addressing common themes and concerns deserves further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - George Rachiotis
- 2. Department of Epidemiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Papagiannis
- 2. Department of Epidemiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Adelais Markaki
- 3. Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Yiannis Dimitroglou
- 2. Department of Epidemiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Myfanwy Morgan
- 4. King's College London, Department of Primary Care and Public Health Sciences, London, UK
| | | | - Roger Jones
- 5. Emeritus Professor of General Practice, King's College London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mclaren PJ, Hyde MK, White KM. Exploring the role of gender and risk perceptions in people's decisions to register as a bone marrow donor. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2012; 27:513-522. [PMID: 22156070 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyr112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the number of bone marrow (BM) donors is important to ensure sufficient diversity on BM registries to meet the needs of patients. This study used an experimental approach to test the hypothesis that providing information about the risks of BM donation to allay unsubstantiated fears would reduce male and female participants' perceptions of risk for donation and joining the Australian Bone Marrow Donor Registry (ABMDR). Males' and females' intentions to register on the ABMDR and their attitudes, norms and perceived behavioural control (efficacy) in relation to registering were also explored. Participants were allocated randomly to either a risk (exposed to risk information about BM donation) or no-risk (not exposed to risk information) condition. In partial support of hypotheses, exposure to risk information did reduce perceived risk for registering on the ABMDR for males only. Participants in the risk condition also demonstrated lower scores on attitude (males only) and intention compared with participants in the no-risk condition. These findings highlight the complex role of risk perceptions and gender differences in understanding people's decisions to join a BM registry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Mclaren
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shin S, Yoon JH, Lee HR, Kim BJ, Roh EY. Perspectives of potential donors on cord blood and cord blood cryopreservation: a survey of highly educated, pregnant Korean women receiving active prenatal care. Transfusion 2010; 51:277-83. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02866.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|