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Hu Q, Guo N, Zhao Y, Chen Y, Zhang P, Shen W, Gu Z. miRNA-26-5p inhibits cyclosporine A-induced overgrowth of gingival fibroblasts by regulating PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway. Growth Factors 2020; 38:291-301. [PMID: 34427166 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2021.1967343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of cyclosporine A (CsA) administration on the level of miR-26-5p in rat gingival tissues and human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) by qRT-PCR assay. Further, we conducted Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis to assess the expressions of PTEN, PI3K, and p-AKT, and evaluated cell proliferation of HGFs by MTT assay. CsA treatment significantly downregulated the expressions of miR-26-5p and PTEN and upregulated the expressions of PI3K and p-AKT in both rat gingival tissues and HGFs. Overexpression of miR-26-5p inhibited CsA-induced overgrowth of HGFs, whereas knockdown of miR-26-5p promoted the overgrowth. PTEN knockdown not only promoted CsA-induced overgrowth of human HGFs but also reversed the repressive effects of miR-26-5p on CsA-induced overgrowth of HGFs. Our results revealed that miRNA-26-5p could repress CsA-induced overgrowth of human HGFs by regulating PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyong Hu
- Hangzhou West Dental Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nadan Guo
- Hangzhou West Dental Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Zhao
- Hangzhou Dental Hospital, Huzhou Branch, Huzhou, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Hangzhou West Dental Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Hangzhou Dental Hospital, Huzhou Branch, Huzhou, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Hangzhou Dental Hospital, Huzhou Branch, Huzhou, China
| | - Ziya Gu
- Hangzhou West Dental Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Anil S, H.S.A. Alyafei S, Kitty George A, Paul Chalisserry E. Adverse Effects of Medications on Periodontal Tissues. Oral Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.92166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Ikeda K. Drug-Induced Oral Complications. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2017; 25:127-132. [PMID: 28778302 DOI: 10.1016/j.cxom.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Ikeda
- Department of Diagnostics and Biological Sciences, University of Colorado School of Dental Medicine, 13065 East 17th Avenue, Mail Stop F844, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12631 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Robinson BL, Dumas M, Ali SF, Paule MG, Gu Q, Kanungo J. Cyclosporine exacerbates ketamine toxicity in zebrafish: Mechanistic studies on drug-drug interaction. J Appl Toxicol 2017; 37:1438-1447. [PMID: 28569378 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cyclosporine A (CsA) is an immunosuppressive drug commonly used in organ transplant patients to prevent allograft rejections. Ketamine is a pediatric anesthetic that noncompetitively inhibits the calcium-permeable N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptors. Adverse drug-drug interaction effects between ketamine and CsA have been reported in mammals and humans. However, the mechanism of such drug-drug interaction is unclear. We have previously reported adverse effects of combination drugs, such as verapamil/ketamine and shown the mechanism through intervention by other drugs in zebrafish embryos. Here, we show that ketamine and CsA in combination produce developmental toxicity even leading to lethality in zebrafish larvae when exposure began at 24 h post-fertilization (hpf), whereas CsA did not cause any toxicity on its own. We also demonstrate that acetyl l-carnitine (ALCAR) completely reversed the adverse effects. Both ketamine and CsA are CYP3A4 substrates. Although ketamine and CsA independently altered the expression of the hepatic marker CYP3A65, a zebrafish ortholog of human CYP3A4, both drugs together induced further increase in CYP3A65 expression. In the presence of ALCAR, however, CYP3A65 expression was normalized. ALCAR has been shown to prevent ketamine toxicity in mammal and zebrafish. In conclusion, CsA exacerbated ketamine toxicity and ALCAR reversed the effects. These results, providing evidence for the first time on the reversal of the adverse effects of CsA/ketamine interaction by ALCAR, would prove useful in addressing potential occurrences of such toxicities in humans. Published 2017. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie L Robinson
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Melanie Dumas
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Syed F Ali
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Merle G Paule
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Qiang Gu
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Jyotshna Kanungo
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
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Ponnaiyan D, Jegadeesan V. Cyclosporine A: Novel concepts in its role in drug-induced gingival overgrowth. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2016; 12:499-506. [PMID: 26759584 PMCID: PMC4696350 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.170546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclosporine is a selective immunosuppressant that has a variety of applications in medical practice. Like phenytoin and the calcium channel blockers, the drug is associated with gingival overgrowth. This review considers the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and unwanted effects of cyclosporine, in particular the action of the drug on the gingival tissues. In addition, elucidates the current concepts in mechanisms of cyclosporine-induced gingival overgrowth. Clinical and cell culture studies suggest that the mechanism of gingival overgrowth is a result of the interaction between the drug and its metabolites with susceptible gingival fibroblasts. Plaque-induced gingival inflammation appears to enhance this interaction. However, understanding of the pathogenesis of gingival overgrowth is incomplete at best. Hence, it would be pertinent to identify and explore possible risk factors relating to both prevalence and severity of drug-induced gingival overgrowth. Newer molecular approaches are needed to clearly establish the pathogenesis of gingival overgrowth and to provide novel information for the design of future preventive and therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Ponnaiyan
- Department of Periodontics, SRM Dental College and Hospital, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Visakan Jegadeesan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, MIOT Hospitals, Manapakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Rosenberg A, Rosenkrantz W, Griffin C, Angus J, Keys D. Evaluation of azithromycin in systemic and toothpaste forms for the treatment of ciclosporin-associated gingival overgrowth in dogs. Vet Dermatol 2013; 24:337-45, e74-5. [PMID: 23668859 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gingival overgrowth is an adverse effect of ciclosporin therapy. Azithromycin (AZI) in capsule and toothpaste form is an effective treatment for ciclosporin-associated gingival overgrowth (CsAGO) in humans. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To evaluate AZI in a systemic and a toothpaste form for the treatment of CsAGO in dogs. The secondary objective was to determine which treatment is more effective. ANIMALS Thirty-six client-owned dogs with CsAGO. METHODS Dogs were randomly assigned to the following four groups: AZI capsule; AZI toothpaste; placebo capsule; and placebo toothpaste. Treatments were for 4 weeks, and measurements of gingival sulcus depth, tooth length and subjective global scores were taken at weeks 0, 2, 4 and 8. The AZI dose was 10 mg/kg daily, and brushing (8.5% AZI) was once daily. RESULTS There was a significant decrease in gingival sulcus depth for the AZI capsule group at week 8 and for the AZI toothpaste group at weeks 2, 4 and 8. The mean decrease in gingival sulcus depth was significantly greater in active versus placebo groups (P = 0.0356). The tooth length and subjective global scores were not significantly different for any groups. Gastrointestinal adverse events occurred in all groups, but more frequently in the AZI capsule group. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Azithromycin improved CsAGO in only one measured parameter, gingival sulcus depth. Only one dog in the AZI capsule group had complete resolution of CsAGO. Further studies are warranted. Azithromycin capsules were associated with the most gastrointestinal adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Rosenberg
- Animal Dermatology Clinic, 2965 Edinger Avenue, Tustin, CA 92780, USA.
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Gong Y, Lu J, Ding X, Yu Y. Effect of adjunctive roxithromycin therapy on interleukin-1β, transforming growth factor-β1 and vascular endothelial growth factor in gingival crevicular fluid of cyclosporine A-treated patients with gingival overgrowth. J Periodontal Res 2013; 49:448-57. [PMID: 23947915 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Systemic macrolide antibiotic administration has been shown to result in the elimination or reduction cyclosporine A-induced gingival overgrowth. Roxithromycin (ROX) is known to have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and tissue reparative effects. This study was to evaluate the effect of adjunctive ROX therapy on cyclosporine A-induced gingival overgrowth and interleukin (IL)-1β, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in gingival crevicular fluid of renal transplant patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-one patients with clinically significant overgrowth and 16 periodontally healthy subjects were included in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm study. Patients received scaling and root planing (SRP) at baseline and randomized to take either ROX or placebo for 5 d. The clinical parameters, including plaque index, papillary bleeding index, probing depth and gingival overgrowth scores, were recorded. The amounts of IL-1β, TGF-β1 and VEGF in gingival crevicular fluid were detected by ELISA. Periodontal parameters as well as gingival crevicular fluid biomarker levels were evaluated at baseline and at 1 and 4 wk post-therapy. RESULTS Following SRP plus ROX and SRP plus placebo therapy, significant improvements in clinical periodontal parameters of both study groups were observed (p < 0.025). In the ROX group, adjunctive ROX therapy resulted in a greater gingival overgrowth scores reduction compared with those in the placebo group at 4 wk (p < 0.017). Initial amounts of IL-1β, TGF-β1 and VEGF for both the ROX and placebo groups were significantly higher than those for healthy subjects (p < 0.017), with no statistical difference between the two study groups. At 1 and 4 wk post-therapy, significant decreases in the amounts of IL-1β, TGF-β1 and VEGF were observed in both study groups when compared with baseline (p < 0.025), but there was no difference in the levels of IL-1β and VEGF between the two study groups. The amount of decrease in TGF-β1 levels for the ROX group was statistically significant compared to that for the placebo group at 4 wk after treatment (p < 0.017). CONCLUSION Our study indicated that combination of ROX with non-surgical therapy improves gingival overgrowth status and decreases gingival crevicular fluid TGF-β1 levels in patients with severe gingival overgrowth. The reduction of gingival crevicular fluid TGF-β1 following ROX therapy suggests an anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory effect of ROX on the treatment of cyclosporine A-induced gingival overgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Gong
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Can chlorhexidine mouthwash twice daily ameliorate cyclosporine-induced gingival overgrowth? J Formos Med Assoc 2013; 112:131-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2011.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Revised: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Kim EY, Park YS, Shin JH, Cho YJ, Shin DH, Yoon HK, Song HY. The effectiveness of erythromycin in reducing stent-related tissue hyperplasia: an experimental study with a rat esophageal model. Acta Radiol 2012; 53:868-73. [PMID: 22855416 DOI: 10.1258/ar.2012.120351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Erythromycin is not only a potent antibiotic; it also has effects of reduction of inflammation and suppression of protein synthesis. PURPOSE To evaluate the impact of erythromycin on tissue hyperplasia after stent placement in a rat esophageal model. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 21 rats were included. After placement of self-expanding stents in the mid esophagus, the rats were divided into two experimental groups and one control group. The rats in the experimental groups received daily intraperitoneal injections of erythromycin for 5 weeks; 4 mg/kg (group A, n = 7) and 8 mg/kg (group B, n = 7). Those in the control group (n = 7) received 1 mL of saline intraperitoneally. After sacrifice, histologic analysis was done for thickness of the papillary projection, granulation tissue area, percentage of granulation tissue area, and degree of inflammatory cell infiltration. The statistical significance of differences between groups was assessed by Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS Tissue hyperplasia as reflected in thickness of papillary projection, granulation tissue area, and percentage of granulation tissue area, was higher in the control group than in the experimental groups, although there was no statistical significance (P = 1.00, 0.332, and 0.263, respectively). However, degree of inflammatory cell infiltration was significantly lower in the experimental groups than the control group (P = 0.025), and the higher dosage of erythromycin reduced inflammatory cell infiltration significantly (P = 0.037). CONCLUSION Intraperitoneal administration of erythromycin is very effective in reducing inflammation after stent placement in a rat esophageal model but has no significant effect on granulation tissue formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Young Kim
- Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul
| | - Yang Shin Park
- Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul
| | - Ji Hoon Shin
- Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul
| | - Young Jun Cho
- Department of Radiology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Shin
- Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul
| | - Hyun-Ki Yoon
- Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul
| | - Ho-Young Song
- Departments of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul
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Sabnis GR, Karnik ND, Sundar U, Adwani S. Gingival enlargement due to Cyclosporine A therapy in aplastic anaemia. Indian J Pharmacol 2011; 43:613-4. [PMID: 22022016 PMCID: PMC3195143 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.84988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Girish R Sabnis
- Department of General Medicine, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and General Hospital, Sion, Mumbai, India
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Condé SAP, Bastos MG, Vieira BJ, Aarestrup FM. Down-regulation of transforming growth factor beta-2 expression is associated with the reduction of cyclosporin induced gingival overgrowth in rats treated with roxithromycin: an experimental study. BMC Oral Health 2009; 9:33. [PMID: 19995419 PMCID: PMC2802586 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6831-9-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2008] [Accepted: 12/08/2009] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gingival overgrowth (GO) is a common side effect of the chronic use of cyclosporine (CsA), an immunosuppressant widely used to prevent rejection in transplant patients. Recent studies have reported elevated levels of specific cytokines in gingival overgrowth tissue, particularly TGF-beta, suggesting that this growth factor plays a role in the accumulation of extracellular matrix materials. The effectiveness of azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, in the regression of this undesirable side effect has also been demonstrated. Methods In this study, we created an experimental model for assessing the therapeutic effect of roxithromycin in GO and the expression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta2) through immunohistochemistry. We used four groups of rats totaling 32 individuals. GO was induced during five weeks and drug treatment was given on the 6th week as follows: group 1 received saline; group 2 received CsA and was treated with saline on the 6th week; group 3 received CsA and, on the 6th week, ampicilin; and group 4 received CsA during 5 weeks and, on the 6th week, was treated with roxithromycin. Results The results demonstrated that roxithromycin treatment was effective in reducing cyclosporine-induced GO in rats. Both epithelial and connective tissue showed a decrease in thickness and a significant reduction in TGF-beta2 expression, with a lower number of fibroblasts, reduction in fibrotic areas and decrease in inflammatory infiltrate. Conclusion The present data suggest that the down-regulation of TGF-beta2 expression may be an important mechanism of action by which roxithromycin inhibits GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Aparecida Probst Condé
- Department of Clinical Dental, Federal University of Juiz de Fora/UFJF - Juiz de Fora/Brazil, Dom André Arcoverde Foundation, Valença, Brazil.
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Synergistic effects of Isatis tinctoria L. and tacrolimus in the prevention of acute heart rejection in mice. Transpl Immunol 2009; 22:5-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2009.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2009] [Revised: 08/09/2009] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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