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Santi L, Beretta S, Berti M, Savoia EO, Passerini L, Mancino M, De Ponti G, Alberti G, Quaranta P, Basso-Ricci L, Avanzini MA, Merelli I, Scala S, Ferrari S, Aiuti A, Bernardo ME, Crippa S. Transcriptomic analysis of BM-MSCs identified EGR1 as a transcription factor to fully exploit their therapeutic potential. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119818. [PMID: 39168411 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Bone marrow-mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) are key components of the BM niche, where they regulate hematopoietic stem progenitor cell (HSPC) homeostasis by direct contact and secreting soluble factors. BM-MSCs also protect the BM niche from excessive inflammation by releasing anti-inflammatory factors and modulating immune cell activity. Thanks to these properties, BM-MSCs were successfully employed in pre-clinical HSPC transplantation models, increasing the rate of HSPC engraftment, accelerating the hematological reconstitution, and reducing the risk of graft failure. However, their clinical use requires extensive in vitro expansion, potentially altering their biological and functional properties. In this work, we analyzed the transcriptomic profile of human BM-MSCs sorted as CD45-, CD105+, CD73+, and CD90+ cells from the BM aspirates of heathy-donors and corresponding ex-vivo expanded BM-MSCs. We found the expression of immune and inflammatory genes downregulated upon cell culture and selected the transcription factor EGR1 to restore the MSC properties. We overexpressed EGR1 in BM-MSCs and performed in vitro tests to study the functional properties of EGR1-overexpressing BM-MSCs. We concluded that EGR1 increased the MSC response to inflammatory stimuli and immune cell control and potentiated the MSC hematopoietic supportive activity in co-culture assay, suggesting that the EGR1-based reprogramming may improve the BM-MSC clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Santi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Beretta
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Margherita Berti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Evelyn Oliva Savoia
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Passerini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marilena Mancino
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giada De Ponti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gaia Alberti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Pamela Quaranta
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Basso-Ricci
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Ivan Merelli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Scala
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Samuele Ferrari
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; "Vita Salute" San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; "Vita Salute" San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; "Vita Salute" San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
| | - Stefania Crippa
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
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Akat A, Karaöz E. A systematic review of cell therapy modalities and outcomes in cerebral palsy. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05072-3. [PMID: 39033213 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05072-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral palsy is widely recognized as a condition that results in significant physical and cognitive disabilities. Interventions aim to improve the quality of life and reduce disability. Despite numerous treatments and significant advancements, cerebral palsy remains incurable due to its diverse origins. This review evaluated clinical trials, studies, and case reports on various cell therapy approaches for cerebral palsy. It assessed the clinical outcomes of applying different cell types, including mesenchymal stem cells, olfactory ensheathing cells, neural stem/progenitor cells, macrophages, and mononuclear cells derived from peripheral blood, cord blood, and bone marrow. In 60 studies involving 1474 CP patients, six major adverse events (0.41%) and 485 mild adverse events (32.9%) were reported. Favorable therapeutic effects were observed in 54 out of 60 cell therapy trials, indicating a promising potential for cell treatments in cerebral palsy. Intrathecal MSC and BM-MNC applications revealed therapeutic benefits, with MSC studies being generally safer than other cell therapies. However, MSC and BM-MNC trials have shown inconsistent results, with some demonstrating superior efficacy for certain outcomes. Cell dosage, transplantation route, and frequency of administration can affect the efficacy of these therapies. Our findings highlight the promise of cell therapies for improving cerebral palsy treatment and stress the need for ongoing research to refine treatment protocols and enhance safety. To establish conclusive evidence on the comparative effectiveness of various cell types in treating cerebral palsy, randomized, double-blind clinical trials are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayberk Akat
- Yıldız Technical University, Davutpaşa Caddesi No.127, Esenler, 34210, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Liv Hospital Ulus, Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Center, Istanbul, Turkey
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3
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Bandyopadhyay A, Ghibhela B, Mandal BB. Current advances in engineering meniscal tissues: insights into 3D printing, injectable hydrogels and physical stimulation based strategies. Biofabrication 2024; 16:022006. [PMID: 38277686 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad22f0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The knee meniscus is the cushioning fibro-cartilage tissue present in between the femoral condyles and tibial plateau of the knee joint. It is largely avascular in nature and suffers from a wide range of tears and injuries caused by accidents, trauma, active lifestyle of the populace and old age of individuals. Healing of the meniscus is especially difficult due to its avascularity and hence requires invasive arthroscopic approaches such as surgical resection, suturing or implantation. Though various tissue engineering approaches are proposed for the treatment of meniscus tears, three-dimensional (3D) printing/bioprinting, injectable hydrogels and physical stimulation involving modalities are gaining forefront in the past decade. A plethora of new printing approaches such as direct light photopolymerization and volumetric printing, injectable biomaterials loaded with growth factors and physical stimulation such as low-intensity ultrasound approaches are being added to the treatment portfolio along with the contemporary tear mitigation measures. This review discusses on the necessary design considerations, approaches for 3D modeling and design practices for meniscal tear treatments within the scope of tissue engineering and regeneration. Also, the suitable materials, cell sources, growth factors, fixation and lubrication strategies, mechanical stimulation approaches, 3D printing strategies and injectable hydrogels for meniscal tear management have been elaborated. We have also summarized potential technologies and the potential framework that could be the herald of the future of meniscus tissue engineering and repair approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Bandyopadhyay
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Baishali Ghibhela
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Biman B Mandal
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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Arceri A, Mazzotti A, Artioli E, Zielli SO, Barile F, Manzetti M, Viroli G, Ruffilli A, Faldini C. Adipose-derived stem cells applied to ankle pathologies: a systematic review. Musculoskelet Surg 2024; 108:1-9. [PMID: 37943411 PMCID: PMC10881601 DOI: 10.1007/s12306-023-00798-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the current use of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) and present the available evidence on their therapeutic potential in the treatment of ankle orthopedic issues, evaluating the applications and results. A literature search of PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE and Cochrane Library database was performed. The review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias assessment was conducted through the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) criteria. Initial search results yielded 4348 articles. A total of 8 articles were included in the review process. No clinical evidence has demonstrated the effectiveness of one isolation method over the other, but nonenzymatic mechanical method has more advantages. In all studies included significant clinical outcomes improvement were recorded in patients affected by osteochondral lesion and osteoarthritis of ankle. All studies performed a concomitant procedure. No serious complications were reported. ADMSC injection, especially through the nonenzymatic mechanical methods, looks to be simple and promising treatment for osteochondral lesions and osteoarthritis of the ankle, with no severe complications. The current scarcity of studies and their low-quality level preclude definitive conclusions presently. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arceri
- 1st Orthopaedics and Traumatologic Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Giulio Cesare Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Mazzotti
- 1st Orthopaedics and Traumatologic Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Giulio Cesare Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40123, Bologna, Italy
| | - E Artioli
- 1st Orthopaedics and Traumatologic Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Giulio Cesare Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - S O Zielli
- 1st Orthopaedics and Traumatologic Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Giulio Cesare Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - F Barile
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40123, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Manzetti
- 1st Orthopaedics and Traumatologic Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Giulio Cesare Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Viroli
- 1st Orthopaedics and Traumatologic Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Giulio Cesare Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Ruffilli
- 1st Orthopaedics and Traumatologic Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Giulio Cesare Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40123, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Faldini
- 1st Orthopaedics and Traumatologic Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Giulio Cesare Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40123, Bologna, Italy
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Chung AS, Ravinsky R, Kulkarni R, Hsieh PC, Arts JJ, Rodrigues-Pinto R, Wang JC, Meisel HJ, Buser Z. Comparison of Different Osteobiologics in Terms of Imaging Modalities and Time Frames for Fusion Assessment in Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review. Global Spine J 2024; 14:141S-162S. [PMID: 38421332 PMCID: PMC10913913 DOI: 10.1177/21925682231157312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Systematic review. OBJECTIVES The study's primary objective was to determine how osteobiologic choice affects fusion rates in patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). The study's secondary objectives were to 1) determine the optimal timing of fusion assessment following ACDF and 2) determine if osteobiologic type affects the timing and optimal modality of fusion assessment. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE was conducted for literature published from 2000 through October 2020 comparing anterior fusion in the cervical spine with various osteobiologics. Both comparative studies and case series of ≥10 patients were included. RESULTS A total of 74 studies met the inclusion criteria. Seventeen studies evaluated the efficacy of autograft on fusion outcomes, and 23 studies assessed the efficacy of allograft on fusion outcomes. 3 studies evaluated the efficacy of demineralized bone matrix, and seven assessed the efficacy of rhBMP-2 on fusion outcomes. Other limited studies evaluated the efficacy of ceramics and bioactive glasses on fusion outcomes, and 4 assessed the efficacy of stem cell products. Most studies utilized dynamic radiographs for the assessment of fusion. Overall, there was a general lack of supportive data to determine the optimal timing of fusion assessment meaningfully or if osteobiologic type influenced fusion timing. CONCLUSIONS Achieving fusion following ACDF appears to remain an intricate interplay between host biology and various surgical factors, including the selection of osteobiologics. While alternative osteobiologics to autograft exist and may produce acceptable fusion rates, limitations in study methodology prevent any definitive conclusions from existing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Ravinsky
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Physical Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Ronit Kulkarni
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Physical Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Patrick C Hsieh
- USC Spine Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jacobus J Arts
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CAPHRI, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ricardo Rodrigues-Pinto
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Spinal Unit (UVM), Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jeffrey C Wang
- USC Spine Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hans Jörg Meisel
- Department of Neurosurgery, BG Klinikum Bergmannstrost Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Zorica Buser
- Gerling Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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Ramachandran B, Sabbatier G, Bowden OM, Campbell K, Fekete N, Girard-Lauriault PL, Hoesli CA. Human mesenchymal stromal cell adhesion and expansion on fluoropolymer surfaces modified with oxygen and nitrogen-rich plasma polymers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 234:113740. [PMID: 38199188 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) vessels are of significant interest for therapeutic cell biomanufacturing applications due to their chemical inertness, hydrophobic surface, and high oxygen permeability. However, these properties also limit the adhesion and survival of anchorage-dependent cells. Here, we develop novel plasma polymer coatings to modify FEP surfaces, enhancing the adhesion and expansion of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs). Similar to commercially available tissue culture polystyrene vessels, oxygen-rich or nitrogen-rich surface chemistries can be achieved using this approach. While steam sterilization increased the roughness of the coatings and altered the surface chemistry, the overall wettability and oxygen or nitrogen-rich nature of the coatings were maintained. In the absence of proteins during initial cell attachment, cells adhered to surfaces even in the presence of chelators, whereas adhesion was abrogated with chelator in a protein-containing medium, suggesting that integrin-mediated adhesion predominates over physicochemical tethering in normal protein-containing cell seeding conditions. Albumin adsorption was more elevated on nitrogen-rich coatings compared to the oxygen-rich coatings, which was correlated with a higher extent of hMSC expansion after 3 days. Both the oxygen and nitrogen-rich coatings significantly improved hMSC adhesion and expansion compared to untreated FEP. FEP surfaces with nitrogen-rich coatings were practically equivalent to commercially available standard tissue culture-treated polystyrene surfaces in terms of hMSC yields. Plasma polymer coatings show significant promise in expanding the potential usage of FEP-based culture vessels for cell therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gad Sabbatier
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Olivia M Bowden
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Katie Campbell
- Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc., Northboro R&D Center, Northborough, MA, USA
| | - Natalie Fekete
- Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc., Northboro R&D Center, Northborough, MA, USA
| | | | - Corinne A Hoesli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.
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Alvarez-Viejo M, Romero-Rosal L, Perez-Basterrechea M, García-Gala JM, Hernando-Rodriguez P, Marana-Gonzalez J, Rubiera-Valdes M, Vivanco-Allende B, Fernandez-Rodriguez A, Martinez-Revuelta E, Perez-Lopez S. Plasma-Based Scaffold Containing Bone-Marrow Mononuclear Cells Promotes Wound Healing in a Mouse Model of Pressure Injury. Cell Transplant 2024; 33:9636897241251619. [PMID: 38761062 PMCID: PMC11102697 DOI: 10.1177/09636897241251619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Pressure injuries, or pressure ulcers, are a common problem that may lead to infections and major complications, besides being a social and economic burden due to the costs of treatment and hospitalization. While surgery is sometimes necessary, this also has complications such as recurrence or wound dehiscence. Among the newer methods of pressure injury treatment, advanced therapies are an interesting option. This study examines the healing properties of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) embedded in a plasma-based scaffold in a mouse model. Pressure ulcers were created on the backs of mice (2 per mouse) using magnets and assigned to a group of ulcers that were left untreated (Control, n = 15), treated with plasma scaffold (Plasma, n = 15), or treated with plasma scaffold containing BM-MNC (Plasma + BM-MNC, n = 15). Each group was examined at three time points (3, 7, and 14 days) after the onset of treatment. At each time point, animals were subjected to biometric assessment, bioluminescence imaging, and tomography. Once treatment had finished, skin biopsies were processed for histological and wound healing reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) array studies. While wound closure percentages were higher in the Plasma and Plasma + BM-MNC groups, differences were not significant, and thus descriptive data are provided. In all individuals, the presence of donor cells was revealed by immunohistochemistry on posttreatment onset Days 3, 7, and 14. In the Plasma + BM-MNC group, less inflammation was observed by positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging of the mice at 7 days, and a complete morphometabolic response was produced at 14 days, in accordance with histological results. A much more pronounced inflammatory process was observed in controls than in the other two groups, and this persisted until Day 14 after treatment onset. RT-PCR array gene expression patterns were also found to vary significantly, with the greatest difference noted between both treatments at 14 days when 11 genes were differentially expressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alvarez-Viejo
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Hematology and Hemotherapy, Central University Hospital of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias-Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation in Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Luis Romero-Rosal
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Central University Hospital of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marcos Perez-Basterrechea
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Hematology and Hemotherapy, Central University Hospital of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias-Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation in Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jose M. García-Gala
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Hematology and Hemotherapy, Central University Hospital of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias-Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation in Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pablo Hernando-Rodriguez
- Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias-Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation in Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Miriam Rubiera-Valdes
- Pathological Anatomy Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Angeles Fernandez-Rodriguez
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Hematology and Hemotherapy, Central University Hospital of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias-Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation in Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Eva Martinez-Revuelta
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Hematology and Hemotherapy, Central University Hospital of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias-Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation in Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Silvia Perez-Lopez
- Unit of Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Hematology and Hemotherapy, Central University Hospital of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias-Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation in Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
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Ding L, Oh S, Shrestha J, Lam A, Wang Y, Radfar P, Warkiani ME. Scaling up stem cell production: harnessing the potential of microfluidic devices. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 69:108271. [PMID: 37844769 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells are specialised cells characterised by their unique ability to both self-renew and transform into a wide array of specialised cell types. The widespread interest in stem cells for regenerative medicine and cultivated meat has led to a significant demand for these cells in both research and practical applications. Despite the growing need for stem cell manufacturing, the industry faces significant obstacles, including high costs for equipment and maintenance, complicated operation, and low product quality and yield. Microfluidic technology presents a promising solution to the abovementioned challenges. As an innovative approach for manipulating liquids and cells within microchannels, microfluidics offers a plethora of advantages at an industrial scale. These benefits encompass low setup costs, ease of operation and multiplexing, minimal energy consumption, and the added advantage of being labour-free. This review presents a thorough examination of the prominent microfluidic technologies employed in stem cell research and explores their promising applications in the burgeoning stem cell industry. It thoroughly examines how microfluidics can enhance cell harvesting from tissue samples, facilitate mixing and cryopreservation, streamline microcarrier production, and efficiently conduct cell separation, purification, washing, and final cell formulation post-culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ding
- Smart MCs Pty Ltd, Ultimo, Sydney, 2007, Australia.
| | - Steve Oh
- Stem Cell Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138668, Singapore
| | - Jesus Shrestha
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Alan Lam
- Stem Cell Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138668, Singapore
| | - Yaqing Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Payar Radfar
- Smart MCs Pty Ltd, Ultimo, Sydney, 2007, Australia
| | - Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia..
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Handke M, Rakow A, Singer D, Miebach L, Schulze F, Bekeschus S, Schoon J, Wassilew GI. Bone marrow from periacetabular osteotomies as a novel source for human mesenchymal stromal cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:315. [PMID: 37924114 PMCID: PMC10625289 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03552-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) are used in regenerative medicine and related research involving immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic and regenerative functions. Isolation of BM-MSCs from samples obtained during total hip arthroplasty (THA) is routinely possible. Advanced age and comorbidities of the majority of patients undergoing THA limit their applicability. Our study aimed to evaluate the potential of bone marrow obtained during periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) as a novel source of BM-MSCs from young donors by analyzing cell yield and cell characteristics. METHODS Bone samples were obtained from the anterior Os ilium or superior Os pubis during PAO and from the femoral cavity during primary THA. Isolation of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) was performed by density gradient centrifugation. The samples from PAO and THA patients were compared in terms of BM-MSC yield, colony formation and the proportion of BM-MSCs within the BM-MNC population using flow cytometry analysis. The cells were characterized based on the expression of BM-MSC-specific surface markers. The functionality of the cells was compared by quantifying post-thaw viability, metabolic activity, proliferation capacity, senescence-associated beta galactosidase (SA-β-gal) expression, trilineage differentiation potential and major secretome proteins. RESULTS Isolation of BM-MNCs was possible in a reliable and reproducible manner when using bone from PAO containing more than 0.24 g bone marrow. PAO patients were younger than patients of the THA group. Bone obtained during PAO contained less bone marrow and led to a lower BM-MSC number after the first cell culture passage compared to BM-MSCs obtained during THA. BM-MSCs from PAO samples are characterized by a higher proliferation capacity. This results in a higher yield in cell culture passage two, when normalized to the sample weight. BM-MSCs from PAO patients showed increased secretion of TGF-β1, TIMP2, and VEGF upon osteogenic differentiation. BM-MSCs from PAO and THA patients revealed similar results regarding the onset of SA-β-gal expression and trilineage differentiation capacity. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that bone obtained during PAO is a promising novel source for BM-MSCs from young donors. Limited absolute cell yield due to low sample weight must be considered in early cell culture passages and might be critical for the range of clinical applications possible for BM-MSCs from this source. The higher proliferation capacity and increased growth factor secretion of BM-MSCs from young donors may be beneficial for future regenerative cell therapies, in vitro models, and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Handke
- Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anastasia Rakow
- Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Debora Singer
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix- Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lea Miebach
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix- Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Frank Schulze
- Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix- Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Janosch Schoon
- Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Georgi I Wassilew
- Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.
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10
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Huddleston HP, Tauro T, Credille K, Dandu N, Hevesi M, Chahla J, Forsythe B, Verma N, Yanke AB, Cole BJ. Patient Demographic Factors Are Not Associated With Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Concentration in Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil 2023; 5:e559-e567. [PMID: 37388861 PMCID: PMC10300544 DOI: 10.1016/j.asmr.2023.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To describe the capacity for concentration of a single processing machine for bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) production and investigate the effects of demographic factors on the number of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in BMAC. Methods Patients enrolled in our institution's randomized control trials involving BMAC who had complete BMAC flow cytometry data were included. Multipotent MSC phenotype, defined as cell-surface coexpression of specific-identifying antigens (≥95% positive) and the absence of hematopoietic lineage markers (≤2% positive), was determined for both patient bone marrow aspirate (BMA) and BMAC samples. The ratio of cells in BMA:BMAC samples was calculated and Spearman correlations (i.e., body mass index [BMI]) and Kruskall-Wallis (i.e., age: <40, 40-60, >60 years) or Mann-Whitney (i.e., sex) tests were used to determine the relationship of cell concentration to demographic factors. Results Eighty patients were included in analysis (49% male, mean age: 49.9 ± 12.2 years). Mean concentration of BMA and BMAC was 2,048.13 ± 2,004.14 MSCs/mL and 5,618.87 ± 7,568.54 MSC/mL, respectively, with a mean BMAC:BMA ratio of 4.35 ± 2.09. A significantly greater MSC concentration was observed in the BMAC samples when compared with BMA (P = .005). No patient demographic factors (age, sex, height, weight, BMI) were found to predict MSC concentration in the BMAC samples (P ≥ .01). Conclusions Demographic factors, including age, sex, and BMI do not impact the final concentration of MSCs in BMAC when using a single harvest technique (anterior iliac crest) and a single processing system. Clinical Relevance As the role of BMAC therapy expands in clinical application, it becomes increasingly important to understand the determinants of BMAC composition and how it is affected by different harvesting techniques, concentrating processes, and patient demographics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Adam B. Yanke
- Address correspondence to Adam Yanke, M.D., Ph.D., 1161 W. Harrison St., Chicago, IL 60612.
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11
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Pintore A, Notarfrancesco D, Zara A, Oliviero A, Migliorini F, Oliva F, Maffulli N. Intra-articular injection of bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) or adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for knee osteoarthritis: a prospective comparative clinical trial. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:350. [PMID: 37170296 PMCID: PMC10176826 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03841-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We determined whether autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) injections provide clinical and functional improvements in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients, and whether the results differ between autologous bone marrow cells (BMAC) and adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs). METHODS Between January 2021 and April 2022, 51 patients undergoing intra-articular injection of BMAC and 51 patients undergoing intra-articular injection of ADSCs were prospectively recruited. The Kellgren and Lawrence (K-L) classification was used to grade the severity of osteoarthritis. Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Oxford Knee Score (OKS), and visual analog scale (VAS) were collected for all 102 patients in the previous week before the procedures, and at the one and 6 months from injection. RESULTS Knee KOOS scores, knee OKS scores, and VAS pain scores changed in similar ways in the two treatment groups. Both treatment groups demonstrated significant improvement pre-procedure to post-procedure in knee KOOS scores (p < 0.0001), knee OKS scores (p < 0.0001), and VAS pain scores (p < 0.0001). Patients with K-L grade 2 showed better functional and clinical outcomes than patients with K-L grades 3 and 4 (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Both intra-articular BMAC and ADSC injections significantly improved pain and functional outcomes at 6-month follow-up in patients with KOA. The difference between BMAC and ADCSs groups as tissue sources of MSCs was not statistically significant in terms of clinical and functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pintore
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | | | - Arnaldo Zara
- Casa di Cura Salus, 84091, Battipaglia, SA, Italy
| | - Antonio Oliviero
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
- Casa di Cura Salus, 84091, Battipaglia, SA, Italy
| | - Filippo Migliorini
- Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Clinic Aachen, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Eifelklinik St. Brigida, 52152, Simmerath, Germany.
| | - Francesco Oliva
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke on Trent, England, UK
- Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Mile End Hospital, Queen Mary University of London, 275 Bancroft Road, London, E1 4DG, England, UK
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12
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Szydlak R. Mesenchymal stem cells in ischemic tissue regeneration. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:16-30. [PMID: 36909782 PMCID: PMC9993139 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i2.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Diseases caused by ischemia are one of the leading causes of death in the world. Current therapies for treating acute myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and critical limb ischemia do not complete recovery. Regenerative therapies opens new therapeutic strategy in the treatment of ischemic disorders. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most promising option in the field of cell-based therapies, due to their secretory and immunomodulatory abilities, that contribute to ease inflammation and promote the regeneration of damaged tissues. This review presents the current knowledge of the mechanisms of action of MSCs and their therapeutic effects in the treatment of ischemic diseases, described on the basis of data from in vitro experiments and preclinical animal studies, and also summarize the effects of using these cells in clinical trial settings. Since the obtained therapeutic benefits are not always satisfactory, approaches aimed at enhancing the effect of MSCs in regenerative therapies are presented at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Szydlak
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 31-034, Poland
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13
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Yin Q, Zou T, Sun S, Yang D. Cell therapy for neuropathic pain. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1119223. [PMID: 36923653 PMCID: PMC10008860 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1119223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is caused by a lesion or a condition that affects the somatosensory system. Pathophysiologically, NP can be ascribed to peripheral and central sensitization, implicating a wide range of molecular pathways. Current pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches are not very efficacious, with over half of NP patients failing to attain adequate pain relief. So far, pharmacological and surgical treatments have focused primarily on symptomatic relief by modulating pain transduction and transmission, without treating the underlying pathophysiology. Currently, researchers are trying to use cell therapy as a therapeutic alternative for the treatment of NP. In fact, mounting pre-clinical and clinical studies showed that the cell transplantation-based therapy for NP yielded some encouraging results. In this review, we summarized the use of cell grafts for the treatment of NP caused by nerve injury, synthesized the latest advances and adverse effects, discussed the possible mechanisms to inform pain physicians and neurologists who are endeavoring to develop cell transplant-based therapies for NP and put them into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- QingHua Yin
- Department of Pain, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - TianHao Zou
- Department of Pain, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - ShuJun Sun
- Department of Pain, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Pain, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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14
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Huang EE, Zhang N, Ganio EA, Shen H, Li X, Ueno M, Utsunomiya T, Maruyama M, Gao Q, Su N, Yao Z, Yang F, Gaudillière B, Goodman SB. Differential dynamics of bone graft transplantation and mesenchymal stem cell therapy during bone defect healing in a murine critical size defect. J Orthop Translat 2022; 36:64-74. [PMID: 35979174 PMCID: PMC9357712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A critical size bone defect is a clinical scenario in which bone is lost or excised due to trauma, infection, tumor, or other causes, and cannot completely heal spontaneously. The most common treatment for this condition is autologous bone grafting to the defect site. However, autologous bone graft is often insufficient in quantity or quality for transplantation to these large defects. Recently, tissue engineering methods using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proposed as an alternative treatment. However, the underlying biological principles and optimal techniques for tissue regeneration of bone using stem cell therapy have not been completely elucidated. Methods In this study, we compare the early cellular dynamics of healing between bone graft transplantation and MSC therapy in a murine chronic femoral critical-size bone defect. We employ high-dimensional mass cytometry to provide a comprehensive view of the differences in cell composition, stem cell functionality, and immunomodulatory activity between these two treatment methods one week after transplantation. Results We reveal distinct cell compositions among tissues from bone defect sites compared with original bone graft, show active recruitment of MSCs to the bone defect sites, and demonstrate the phenotypic diversity of macrophages and T cells in each group that may affect the clinical outcome. Conclusion Our results provide critical data and future directions on the use of MSCs for treating critical size defects to regenerate bone.Translational Potential of this article: This study showed systematic comparisons of the cellular and immunomodulatory profiles among different interventions to improve the healing of the critical-size bone defect. The results provided potential strategies for designing robust therapeutic interventions for the unmet clinical need of treating critical-size bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elijah Ejun Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Edward A. Ganio
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Huaishuang Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xueping Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Masaya Ueno
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Takeshi Utsunomiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Masahiro Maruyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Qi Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ni Su
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zhenyu Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Brice Gaudillière
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stuart B. Goodman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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15
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Iafrate L, Benedetti MC, Donsante S, Rosa A, Corsi A, Oreffo ROC, Riminucci M, Ruocco G, Scognamiglio C, Cidonio G. Modelling skeletal pain harnessing tissue engineering. IN VITRO MODELS 2022; 1:289-307. [PMID: 36567849 PMCID: PMC9766883 DOI: 10.1007/s44164-022-00028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Bone pain typically occurs immediately following skeletal damage with mechanical distortion or rupture of nociceptive fibres. The pain mechanism is also associated with chronic pain conditions where the healing process is impaired. Any load impacting on the area of the fractured bone will stimulate the nociceptive response, necessitating rapid clinical intervention to relieve pain associated with the bone damage and appropriate mitigation of any processes involved with the loss of bone mass, muscle, and mobility and to prevent death. The following review has examined the mechanisms of pain associated with trauma or cancer-related skeletal damage focusing on new approaches for the development of innovative therapeutic interventions. In particular, the review highlights tissue engineering approaches that offer considerable promise in the application of functional biomimetic fabrication of bone and nerve tissues. The strategic combination of bone and nerve tissue engineered models provides significant potential to develop a new class of in vitro platforms, capable of replacing in vivo models and testing the safety and efficacy of novel drug treatments aimed at the resolution of bone-associated pain. To date, the field of bone pain research has centred on animal models, with a paucity of data correlating to the human physiological response. This review explores the evident gap in pain drug development research and suggests a step change in approach to harness tissue engineering technologies to recapitulate the complex pathophysiological environment of the damaged bone tissue enabling evaluation of the associated pain-mimicking mechanism with significant therapeutic potential therein for improved patient quality of life. Graphical abstract Rationale underlying novel drug testing platform development. Pain detected by the central nervous system and following bone fracture cannot be treated or exclusively alleviated using standardised methods. The pain mechanism and specificity/efficacy of pain reduction drugs remain poorly understood. In vivo and ex vivo models are not yet able to recapitulate the various pain events associated with skeletal damage. In vitro models are currently limited by their inability to fully mimic the complex physiological mechanisms at play between nervous and skeletal tissue and any disruption in pathological states. Robust innovative tissue engineering models are needed to better understand pain events and to investigate therapeutic regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Iafrate
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science (CLN2S), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Benedetti
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science (CLN2S), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Samantha Donsante
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rosa
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science (CLN2S), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Corsi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Richard O. C. Oreffo
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Centre for Human Development, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Mara Riminucci
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Ruocco
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science (CLN2S), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Scognamiglio
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science (CLN2S), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Cidonio
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science (CLN2S), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Centre for Human Development, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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16
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Mining the Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome in Patients with Chronic Left Ventricular Dysfunction. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132092. [PMID: 35805175 PMCID: PMC9266164 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Close examination of the initial results of cardiovascular cell therapy clinical trials indicates the importance of patient-specific differences on outcomes and the need to optimize or customize cell therapies. The fields of regenerative medicine and cell therapy have transitioned from using heterogeneous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) to mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which are believed to elicit benefits through paracrine activity. Here, we examined MSCs from the BMMNCs of heart failure patients enrolled in the FOCUS-CCTRN trial. We sought to identify differences in MSCs between patients who improved and those who declined in heart function, regardless of treatment received. Although we did not observe differences in the cell profile of MSCs between groups, we did find significant differences in the MSC secretome profile between patients who improved or declined. We conclude that “mining” the MSC secretome may provide clues to better understand the impact of patient characteristics on outcomes after cell therapy and this knowledge can inform future cell therapy trials.
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17
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Freitag J, Wickham J, Shah K, Tenen A. Real-world evidence of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in knee osteoarthritis: a large prospective two-year case series. Regen Med 2022; 17:355-373. [PMID: 35411799 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2022-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADMSC) therapy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: 329 participants with knee OA underwent intra-articular ADMSC therapy. Participants were followed up for 24 months and were separated based on radiological OA grade. Results: Treatment was well tolerated with no related serious adverse events. All participant groups reported clinically and statistically significant pain improvement. Clinical outcome was not influenced by patients' age or BMI. Conclusion: ADMSC therapy is an effective, safe and long-lasting treatment option for knee OA with the potential to delay total joint replacement. In addition to the observed clinical benefits, ADMSC therapy promises to reduce the global economic burden of OA. Trial registration number: ACTRN12617000638336.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Freitag
- Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, 2800, Australia.,Magellan Stem Cells, Box Hill, Victoria, 3129, Australia.,Melbourne Stem Cell Centre Research, Box Hill, Victoria, 3129, Australia
| | - James Wickham
- Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, 2800, Australia
| | - Kiran Shah
- Magellan Stem Cells, Box Hill, Victoria, 3129, Australia.,Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, 3122, Australia
| | - Abi Tenen
- Magellan Stem Cells, Box Hill, Victoria, 3129, Australia.,Melbourne Stem Cell Centre Research, Box Hill, Victoria, 3129, Australia.,Monash University, Monash, Victoria, 3800, Australia
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18
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Adolpho LF, Lopes HB, Freitas GP, Weffort D, Campos Totoli GG, Loyola Barbosa AC, Freire Assis RI, Silverio Ruiz KG, Andia DC, Rosa AL, Beloti MM. Human periodontal ligament stem cells with distinct osteogenic potential induce bone formation in rat calvaria defects. Regen Med 2022; 17:341-353. [PMID: 35291805 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2021-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the ability of human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) with high (HP-PDLSCs) and low (LP-PDLSCs) osteogenic potential, in addition to mixed cells, to repair bone tissue. Methods: Cell phenotype, proliferation and differentiation were evaluated. Undifferentiated PDLSCs were injected into rat calvarial defects and the new bone was evaluated by μCT, histology and real-time PCR. Results: PDLSCs exhibited a typical mesenchymal stem cell phenotype and HP-PDLSCs showed lower proliferative and higher osteogenic potential than LP-PDLSCs. PDLSCs induced similar bone formation and histological analysis suggests a remodeling process, confirmed by osteogenic and osteoclastogenic markers, especially in tissues derived from defects treated with HP-PDLSCs. Conclusion: PDLSCs induced similar bone formation irrespective of their in vitro osteogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Faustino Adolpho
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Helena Bacha Lopes
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Gileade Pereira Freitas
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Denise Weffort
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Guaraldo Campos Totoli
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Loyola Barbosa
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Rahyza Inacio Freire Assis
- Department of Prosthodontics & Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Av Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Karina Gonzales Silverio Ruiz
- Department of Prosthodontics & Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Av Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Denise Carleto Andia
- Health Science Institute, Dental Research Division, Paulista University, Dr Bacelar St, 1212, São Paulo, SP, 04026-002, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luiz Rosa
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Marcio Mateus Beloti
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
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19
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Zimmermann CE, Mackens-Kiani L, Acil Y, Terheyden H. Characterization of porcine mesenchymal stromal cells and their proliferative and osteogenic potential in long-term culture. J Stem Cells Regen Med 2022; 17:49-55. [PMID: 35250201 DOI: 10.46582/jsrm.1702008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background: Porcine mesenchymal stromal cells (pMSCs) are considered a valuable research model for bone tissue engineering, which requires adequate amounts of viable cells with sufficient potential for osteogenic differentiation. For isolation and expansion of these cells through long-term culture, appropriate culture conditions are needed. Objective: To study the effect of extended in vitro cultivation on pMSC proliferation and differentiation potential using different osteogenic and adipogenic induction media. Methods: pMSCs were isolated from the bone marrow of adult Göttingen minipigs, cultured, expanded to passage 20 (~160 days) and characterized by their expression of cell surface markers (wCD44, CD45, CD90, SWC9, fibronectin), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and osteocalcin and their potential for osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation using different induction media. Results: pMSCs retained their capacity for proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, and the number of CD90-positive cells increased significantly over more than 60 population doublings. CD90 expression in uninduced cells correlated strongly with ALP expression following osteogenic induction. Medium enriched with calcium yielded a stronger osteogenic response. Conclusion: The selection of CD90-positive MSCs and adequate levels of calcium seem to enhance the osteogenic phenotype for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna E Zimmermann
- Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany.,University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Yahya Acil
- Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Hendrik Terheyden
- Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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20
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Zhou YF, Zhang D, Yan WT, Lian K, Zhang ZZ. Meniscus Regeneration With Multipotent Stromal Cell Therapies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:796408. [PMID: 35237572 PMCID: PMC8883323 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.796408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Meniscus is a semilunar wedge-shaped structure with fibrocartilaginous tissue, which plays an essential role in preventing the deterioration and degeneration of articular cartilage. Lesions or degenerations of it can lead to the change of biomechanical properties in the joints, which ultimately accelerate the degeneration of articular cartilage. Even with the manual intervention, lesions in the avascular region are difficult to be healed. Recent development in regenerative medicine of multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) has been investigated for the significant therapeutic potential in the repair of meniscal injuries. In this review, we provide a summary of the sources of MSCs involved in repairing and regenerative techniques, as well as the discussion of the avenues to utilizing these cells in MSC therapies. Finally, current progress on biomaterial implants was reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Feng Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Wan-Ting Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kai Lian
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
- *Correspondence: Zheng-Zheng Zhang, ; Kai Lian,
| | - Zheng-Zheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zheng-Zheng Zhang, ; Kai Lian,
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21
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Amaroli A, Pasquale C, Zekiy A, Benedicenti S, Marchegiani A, Sabbieti MG, Agas D. Steering the multipotent mesenchymal cells towards an anti-inflammatory and osteogenic bias via photobiomodulation therapy: How to kill two birds with one stone. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221110192. [PMID: 35832724 PMCID: PMC9272199 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221110192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal cells (MSCs) have captured scientific interest due to their multi-purpose features and clinical applications. The operational dimension of MSCs is not limited to the bone marrow reservoir, which exerts bone-building and niche anabolic tasks; they also meet the needs of quenching inflammation and restoring inflamed tissues. Thus, the range of MSC activities extends to conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases, immune disorders and various forms of osteopenia. Steering these cells towards becoming an effective therapeutic tool has become mandatory. Many laboratories have employed distinct strategies to improve the plasticity and secretome of MSCs. We aimed to present how photobiomodulation therapy (PBM-t) can manipulate MSCs to render them an extraordinary anti-inflammatory and osteogenic instrument. Moreover, we discuss the outcomes of different PBM-t protocols on MSCs, concluding with some perplexities and complexities of PBM-t in vivo but encouraging and feasible in vitro solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Amaroli
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Orthopedic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Claudio Pasquale
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Angelina Zekiy
- Department of Orthopedic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Stefano Benedicenti
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Marchegiani
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino (MC), Italy
| | | | - Dimitrios Agas
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino (MC), Italy
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22
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Making More Womb: Clinical Perspectives Supporting the Development and Utilization of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Endometrial Regeneration and Infertility. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11121364. [PMID: 34945836 PMCID: PMC8707522 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11121364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The uterus is a homeostatic organ, unwavering in the setting of monthly endometrial turnover, placental invasion, and parturition. In response to ovarian steroid hormones, the endometrium autologously prepares for embryo implantation and in its absence will shed and regenerate. Dysfunctional endometrial repair and regeneration may present clinically with infertility and abnormal menses. Asherman's syndrome is characterized by intrauterine adhesions and atrophic endometrium, which often impacts fertility. Clinical management of infertility associated with abnormal endometrium represents a significant challenge. Endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) occupy a perivascular niche and contain regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. Given these characteristics, mesenchymal stem cells of endometrial and non-endometrial origin (bone marrow, adipose, placental) have been investigated for therapeutic purposes. Local administration of human MSC in animal models of endometrial injury reduces collagen deposition, improves angiogenesis, decreases inflammation, and improves fertility. Small clinical studies of autologous MSC administration in infertile women with Asherman's Syndrome suggested their potential to restore endometrial function as evidenced by increased endometrial thickness, decreased adhesions, and fertility. The objective of this review is to highlight translational and clinical studies investigating the use of MSC for endometrial dysfunction and infertility and to summarize the current state of the art in this promising area.
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Hede K, Christensen BB, Jensen J, Foldager CB, Lind M. Combined Bone Marrow Aspirate and Platelet-Rich Plasma for Cartilage Repair: Two-Year Clinical Results. Cartilage 2021; 13:937S-947S. [PMID: 31538811 PMCID: PMC8808891 DOI: 10.1177/1947603519876329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the clinical and biological outcome of combined bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on a collagen scaffold for treating cartilage lesions in the knee. METHODS AND MATERIALS Ten patients (mean age 29.4 years, range 18-36) suffering from large full-thickness cartilage in the knee were treated with BMAC and PRP from January 2015 to December 2016. In a 1-step procedure autologous BMAC and PRP was seeded onto a collagen scaffold and sutured into the debrided defect. Patients were evaluated by clinical outcome scores (IKDC [International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form], KOOS [Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score], and pain score using the Numeric Rating Scale [NRS]) preoperatively, after 3 months, and after 1 and 2 years. Second-look arthroscopies were performed (n = 7) with biopsies of the repair tissue for histology. All patients had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) preoperatively, after 1 year, and after 2 to 3.5 years with MOCART (magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue) scores evaluating cartilage repair. RESULTS After 1 year significant improvements were found in IKDC, KOOS symptoms, KOOS ADL (Activities of Daily Living), KOOS QOL (Quality of Life), and pain at activity. At the latest follow-up significant improvements were seen in IKDC, KOOS symptoms, KOOS QOL, pain at rest, and pain at activity. MRI MOCART score for cartilage repair improved significantly from baseline to 1-year follow-up. Histomorphometry of repair tissue demonstrated a mixture of fibrous tissue (58%) and fibrocartilage (40%). CONCLUSION Treatment of cartilage injuries using combined BMAC and PRP improved subjective clinical outcome scores and pain scores at 1 and 2 years postoperatively. MRI and histology indicated repair tissue inferior to the native hyaline cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kris Hede
- Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus
University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark,Kris Tvilum Chadwick Hede, Orthopaedic
Research Lab, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99,
Section J, Level 1, Aarhus 8200, Denmark.
| | | | - Jonas Jensen
- Department of Radiology, Aarhus
University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Casper B. Foldager
- Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus
University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark,Department of Orthopedics, Aarhus
University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Martin Lind
- Department of Orthopedics, Aarhus
University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
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24
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Gundestrup AK, Lynggaard CD, Forner L, Heino TJ, Jakobsen KK, Fischer-Nielsen A, Grønhøj C, von Buchwald C. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Osteoradionecrosis of the Mandible: a Systematic Review of Preclinical and Human Studies. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 16:1208-1221. [PMID: 32869179 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10034-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the mandible is a severe complication of radiotherapy for head and neck cancer and is arduously difficult to manage. Current treatment options carry risks with some patients remaining incurable. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC) therapy has shown promising results supporting osteogenesis and regeneration of radiotherapy-damaged tissues. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature on the safety and efficacy of MSCs in treating ORN. METHODS A systematic search was performed on MEDLINE, Embase, Cochranes Library online databases, and clinicaltrials.gov to identify preclinical and clinical studies examining the effect of MSCs on osseous healing of ORN. The preclinical studies were assessed according to the SYRCLEs guidelines and risk of bias tool. RESULTS Six studies (n = 142) from 5 countries were eligible for analysis. Of these four were preclinical studies and two clinical case studies. Preclinical studies found MSC treatment to be safe, demonstrating bone restorative effects and improved soft tissue regeneration. In the clinical cases, healing of bone and soft tissue was reported with no serious adverse events. CONCLUSION The evidence from the included studies suggests that MSCs may have beneficial regenerative effects on the healing of ORN. None of the studies reported adverse events with the use of MSCs. More carefully controlled studies with well-identified cells are however needed to demonstrate the efficacy of MSCs in a clinical setting. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Kierkegaard Gundestrup
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Duch Lynggaard
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lone Forner
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Terhi J Heino
- Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kathrine Kronberg Jakobsen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Fischer-Nielsen
- Department of Immunology, Cell Therapy Facility, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Grønhøj
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian von Buchwald
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Rhim HC, Jeon OH, Han SB, Bae JH, Suh DW, Jang KM. Mesenchymal stem cells for enhancing biological healing after meniscal injuries. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1005-1029. [PMID: 34567422 PMCID: PMC8422933 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i8.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The meniscus is a semilunar fibrocartilage structure that plays important roles in maintaining normal knee biomechanics and function. The roles of the meniscus, including load distribution, force transmission, shock absorption, joint stability, lubrication, and proprioception, have been well established. Injury to the meniscus can disrupt overall joint stability and cause various symptoms including pain, swelling, giving-way, and locking. Unless treated properly, it can lead to early degeneration of the knee joint. Because meniscal injuries remain a significant challenge due to its low intrinsic healing potential, most notably in avascular and aneural inner two-thirds of the area, more efficient repair methods are needed. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been investigated for their therapeutic potential in vitro and in vivo. Thus far, the application of MSCs, including bone marrow-derived, synovium-derived, and adipose-derived MSCs, has shown promising results in preclinical studies in different animal models. These preclinical studies could be categorized into intra-articular injection and tissue-engineered construct application according to delivery method. Despite promising results in preclinical studies, there is still a lack of clinical evidence. This review describes the basic knowledge, current treatment, and recent studies regarding the application of MSCs in treating meniscal injuries. Future directions for MSC-based approaches to enhance meniscal healing are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Chang Rhim
- T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Ok Hee Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Beom Han
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Bae
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 08308, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Won Suh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Barunsesang Hospital, Seongnam 13497, South Korea
| | - Ki-Mo Jang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Seoul, South Korea
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26
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Hsieh PC, Chung AS, Brodke D, Park JB, Skelly AC, Brodt ED, Chang K, Buser Z, Meisel HJ, Yoon ST, Wang JC. Autologous Stem Cells in Cervical Spine Fusion. Global Spine J 2021; 11:950-965. [PMID: 32964752 PMCID: PMC8258818 DOI: 10.1177/2192568220948479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Systematic review. OBJECTIVES To systematically review, critically appraise and synthesize evidence on use of stem cells from autologous stem cells from bone marrow aspirate, adipose, or any other autologous sources for fusion in the cervical spine compared with other graft materials. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE was conducted for literature published through October 31, 2018 and through February 20, 2020 for EMBASE and ClinicalTrials.gov comparing autologous cell sources for cervical spine fusion to other graft options. RESULTS From 36 potentially relevant citations identified, 10 studies on cervical fusion met the inclusion criteria set a priori. Two retrospective cohort studies, one comparing cancellous bone marrow (CBM) versus hydroxyapatite (HA) and the other bone marrow aspirate (BMA) combined with autograft and HA versus autograft and HA alone, were identified. No statistical differences were seen between groups in either study for improvement in function, symptoms, or fusion; however, in the study evaluating BMA, the authors reported a statistically greater fusion rate and probability of fusion over time in the BMA versus the non-BMA group. Across case series evaluating BMA, authors reported improved function and pain and fusion ranged from 84% to 100% across the studies. In general, complications were poorly reported. CONCLUSIONS The overall quality (strength) of evidence of effectiveness and safety of autologous BMA for cervical arthrodesis in the current available literature was very low. Based on currently available data, firm conclusions regarding the effectiveness or safety of BMA in cervical fusions cannot be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick C. Hsieh
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Patrick C. Hsieh, Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1200 North State Street, Suite 3300, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | | | | | - Jong-Beom Park
- Uijongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea School of Medicine, Uijongbu, Korea
| | | | | | - Ki Chang
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zorica Buser
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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27
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Bryk M, Karnas E, Mlost J, Zuba-Surma E, Starowicz K. Mesenchymal stem cells and extracellular vesicles for the treatment of pain: Current status and perspectives. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:4281-4299. [PMID: 34028798 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells of mesodermal origin. Due to their capacity for self-renewal and differentiation into several cell types, MSCs have been extensively studied in experimental biology and regenerative medicine in recent years. Moreover, MSCs release extracellular vesicles (EVs), which might be partly responsible for their regenerative properties. MSCs regulate several processes in target cells via paracrine signalling, such as immunomodulation, anti-apoptotic signalling, tissue remodelling, angiogenesis and anti-fibrotic signalling. The aim of this review is to provide a detailed description of the functional properties of MSCs and EVs and their potential clinical applications, with a special focus on pain treatment. The analgesic, anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties of MSCs and EVs will be discussed for several diseases, such as neuropathic pain, osteoarthritis and spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bryk
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Karnas
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jakub Mlost
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Zuba-Surma
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Crippa S, Santi L, Berti M, De Ponti G, Bernardo ME. Role of ex vivo Expanded Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Determining Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Outcome. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:663316. [PMID: 34017834 PMCID: PMC8129582 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.663316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Overall, the human organism requires the production of ∼1 trillion new blood cells per day. Such goal is achieved via hematopoiesis occurring within the bone marrow (BM) under the tight regulation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) homeostasis made by the BM microenvironment. The BM niche is defined by the close interactions of HSPCs and non-hematopoietic cells of different origin, which control the maintenance of HSPCs and orchestrate hematopoiesis in response to the body’s requirements. The activity of the BM niche is regulated by specific signaling pathways in physiological conditions and in case of stress, including the one induced by the HSPC transplantation (HSCT) procedures. HSCT is the curative option for several hematological and non-hematological diseases, despite being associated with early and late complications, mainly due to a low level of HSPC engraftment, impaired hematopoietic recovery, immune-mediated graft rejection, and graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) in case of allogenic transplant. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are key elements of the BM niche, regulating HSPC homeostasis by direct contact and secreting several paracrine factors. In this review, we will explore the several mechanisms through which MSCs impact on the supportive activity of the BM niche and regulate HSPC homeostasis. We will further discuss how the growing understanding of such mechanisms have impacted, under a clinical point of view, on the transplantation field. In more recent years, these results have instructed the design of clinical trials to ameliorate the outcome of HSCT, especially in the allogenic setting, and when low doses of HSPCs were available for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Crippa
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovica Santi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Margherita Berti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giada De Ponti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Faculty of Medicine, Milan, Italy
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29
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Escobar-Soto CH, Mejia-Romero R, Aguilera N, Alzate-Granados JP, Mendoza-Pinto C, Munguía-Realpozo P, Méndez-Martínez S, García-Carrasco M, Rojas-Villarraga A. Human mesenchymal stem cells for the management of systemic sclerosis. Systematic review. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 20:102831. [PMID: 33878487 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sistemic Sclerosis (SSc) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease with a high rate of progression and therapeutic failure, and treatment is a challenge, new therapeutic proposals being needed, being mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) considered as alternative therapy for SSc for its immunomodulatory capacity. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of human MSC (hMSC) in patients with SSc through a systematic literature review (SLR). METHODS SLR (PRISMA guideline) on MEDLINE/OVID, LILACS, EMBASE, and Cochrane/OVID bases (until July 2020, without limits). All types of clinical studies were considered: patients ≥18 years old with SSc and treatment with hMSC. EXCLUSION CRITERIA animal models, autologous/allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplants, narrative reviews, letters to the editor. MeSH and "Key word" terms were used. The level of evidence and the quality rating were rated [Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) lists]. Registration in PROSPERO repository (ID CRD42020185245) The Synthesis Without Meta-analysis (SWiM) guideline was followed. RESULTS We initially identified 508 articles, of which 11 were finally included (8 case series and 3 case reports). The 11 articles included 101 patients (85 female, age range 18-75 years). The level of evidence was mostly 4 (JBI); the quality of evidence was met (≥50% of JBI items). SWiM showed that vascular skin involvement (digital ulcers, necrosis, and gangrene) and associated pain were the predominant outcomes, while improvements were found in almost all cases. One patient died in the first month, and the frequency of complications was low. Expanded hMSCs were used in 24 patients and other cell sources in the remaining patients. CONCLUSION There is too little reported data to reach definite conclusions about the use of hMSC in SSc. Further studies with better epidemiological designs are needed to evaluate the benefit of hMSCs in SSc patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Natalia Aguilera
- Research Division, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Health Sciences, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan Pablo Alzate-Granados
- Research Division, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Health Sciences, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Claudia Mendoza-Pinto
- Systemic Autoimmune Disease Research Unit, UMAE-CIBIOR, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico; Rheumatology Department, Medicine School, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Pamela Munguía-Realpozo
- Rheumatology Department, Medicine School, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Socorro Méndez-Martínez
- Coordinator of Planning and Institutional Liaison, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Puebla, Mexico
| | - Mario García-Carrasco
- Systemic Autoimmune Disease Research Unit, UMAE-CIBIOR, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico; Rheumatology Department, Medicine School, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
| | - Adriana Rojas-Villarraga
- Research Institute, Fundación Universitaria De Ciencias De La Salud, University of Health Sciences, Bogota, Colombia
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Ruoss S, Walker JT, Nasamran CA, Fisch KM, Paez C, Parekh JN, Ball ST, Chen JL, Ahmed SS, Ward SR. Strategies to Identify Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Minimally Manipulated Human Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate Lack Consensus. Am J Sports Med 2021; 49:1313-1322. [PMID: 33646886 PMCID: PMC8409176 DOI: 10.1177/0363546521993788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need to identify and quantify mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in human bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) source tissues, but current methods to do so were established in cultured cell populations. Given that surface marker and gene expression change in cultured cells, it is doubtful that these strategies are valid to quantify MSCs in fresh BMAC. PURPOSE To establish the presence, quantity, and heterogeneity of BMAC-derived MSCs in minimally manipulated BMAC using currently available strategies. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive laboratory study. METHODS Five published strategies to identify MSCs were compared for suitability and efficiency to quantify clinical-grade BMAC-MSCs and cultured MSCs at the single cell transcriptome level on BMAC samples being used clinically from 15 orthopaedic patients and on 1 cultured MSC sample. Strategies included (1) the guidelines by the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT), (2) CD271 expression, (3) the Ghazanfari et al transcriptional profile, (4) the Jia et al transcriptional profile, and (5) the Silva et al transcriptional profile. RESULTS ISCT guidelines did not identify any MSCs in BMAC at the transcriptional level and only 1 in 9 million cells at the protein level. Of 12,850 BMAC cells, 9 expressed the CD271 gene. Only 116 of 396 Ghazanfari genes were detected in BMAC, whereas no cells expressed all of them. No cells expressed all Jia genes, but 25 cells expressed at least 13 of 22. No cells expressed all Silva genes, but 19 cells expressed at least 8 of 23. Most importantly, the liberalized strategies tended to identify different cells and most of them clustered with immune cells. CONCLUSION Currently available methods need to be liberalized to identify any MSCs in fresh human BMAC and lack consensus at the single cell transcriptome and protein expression levels. These different cells should be isolated and challenged to establish phenotypic differences. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study demonstrated that improved strategies to quantify MSC concentrations in BMAC for clinical applications are urgently needed. Until then, injected minimally manipulated MSC doses should be reported as rough estimates or as unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severin Ruoss
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - J. Todd Walker
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Chanond A. Nasamran
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Kathleen M. Fisch
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Conner Paez
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Jesal N. Parekh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Scott T. Ball
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey L. Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Sonya S. Ahmed
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Samuel R. Ward
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
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Pathak L, Das B. Initiation of Post-Primary Tuberculosis of the Lungs: Exploring the Secret Role of Bone Marrow Derived Stem Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 11:594572. [PMID: 33584661 PMCID: PMC7873989 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.594572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative organism of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) now infects more than half of the world population. The efficient transmission strategy of the pathogen includes first remaining dormant inside the infected host, next undergoing reactivation to cause post-primary tuberculosis of the lungs (PPTBL) and then transmit via aerosol to the community. In this review, we are exploring recent findings on the role of bone marrow (BM) stem cell niche in Mtb dormancy and reactivation that may underlie the mechanisms of PPTBL development. We suggest that pathogen's interaction with the stem cell niche may be relevant in potential inflammation induced PPTBL reactivation, which need significant research attention for the future development of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies for PPTBL, especially in a post COVID-19 pandemic world. Finally, we put forward potential animal models to study the stem cell basis of Mtb dormancy and reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekhika Pathak
- Department of Stem Cell and Infectious Diseases, KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, India
- KaviKrishna Telemedicine Care, Sualkuchi, India
| | - Bikul Das
- Department of Stem Cell and Infectious Diseases, KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, India
- KaviKrishna Telemedicine Care, Sualkuchi, India
- Department of Stem Cell and Infection, Thoreau Laboratory for Global Health, M2D2, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, United States
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32
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Quantification and Comprehensive Analysis of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Bone Marrow Samples from Sickle Cell Disease Patients with Osteonecrosis. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8841191. [PMID: 33299424 PMCID: PMC7710439 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8841191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential use of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) for the treatment of osteonecrosis in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients is increasing. However, convenient BM-MSC quantification and functional property assays are critical factors for cell-based therapies yet to be optimized. This study was designed to quantify the MSC population in bone marrow (BM) samples from SCD patients with osteonecrosis (SCD group) and patients with osteoarticular complications not related to SCD (NS group), using flow cytometry for CD271+CD45-/low cell phenotype and CFU-F assay. We also compared expanded BM-MSC osteogenic differentiation, migration, and cytokine secretion potential between these groups. The mean total cell number, CFU-F count, and CD271+CD45-/low cells in BM mononuclear concentrate were significantly higher in SCD than in NS patients. A significant correlation between CD271+CD45-/low cell number and CFU-F counts was found in SCD (r = 0.7483; p = 0.0070) and NS (r = 0.7167; p = 0.0370) BM concentrates. An age-related quantitative reduction of CFU-F counts and CD271+CD45-/low cell number was noted. Furthermore, no significant differences in the morphology, replicative capacity, expression of surface markers, multidifferentiation potential, and secretion of cytokines were found in expanded BM-MSCs from SCD and NS groups after in vitro culturing. Collectively, this work provides important data for the suitable measurement and expansion of BM-MSC in support to advanced cell-based therapies for SCD patients with osteonecrosis.
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Kusano W, Mine T, Ihara K, Kawamura H, Shinohara M, Kuriyama R, Tominaga Y. Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Medial Condyle Due to Leg Length Discrepancy After A Traffic Accident. Open Orthop J 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1874325002014010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Untreated leg length discrepancy can cause spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee, which is associated with subchondral insufficiency fractures of the knee and progression or onset of osteoarthritis of the knee. Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee can be secondary to cartilage loss or additional subchondral changes. A 40-year-old female underwent opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy and osteochondral grafting for osteonecrosis of the femoral medial condyle and osteoarthritis of the knee caused by leg length discrepancy after a traffic accident. High tibial osteotomy and cartilage restoration are often considered for the treatment of knee osteonecrosis with cartilage damage in younger patients.
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34
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Hypoxia-Induced Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exhibit Stronger Tenogenic Differentiation Capacities and Promote Patellar Tendon Repair in Rabbits. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8822609. [PMID: 33133195 PMCID: PMC7591963 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8822609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendon injury is a common but tough medical problem. Unsatisfactory clinical results have been reported in tendon repair using mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy, creating a need for a better strategy to induce MSCs to tenogenic differentiation. This study was designed to examine the effect of hypoxia on the tenogenic differentiation of different MSCs and their tenogenic differentiation capacities under hypoxia condition in vitro and to investigate the in vivo inductility of hypoxia in tenogenesis. Adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AMSCs) and bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) were isolated and characterized. The expression of hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha (Hif-1α) was examined to confirm the establishment of hypoxia condition. qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the expression of tendon-associated marker Col-1a1, Col-3a1, Dcn, and Tnmd in AMSCs and BMSCs under hypoxia condition, compared with Tgf-β1 induction. In vivo, a patellar tendon injury model was established. Normoxic and hypoxic BMSCs were cultured and implanted. Histological, biomechanical, and transmission electron microscopy analyses were performed to assess the improved healing effect of hypoxic BMSCs on tendon injury. Our in vitro results showed that hypoxia remarkably increased the expression of Hif-1α and that hypoxia not only promoted a significant increase in tenogenic markers in both AMSCs and BMSCs compared with the normoxia group but also showed higher inductility compared with Tgf-β1. In addition, hypoxic BMSCs exhibited higher potential of tenogenic differentiation than hypoxic AMSCs. Our in vivo results demonstrated that hypoxic BMSCs possessed better histological and biomechanical properties than normoxic BMSCs, as evidenced by histological scores, patellar tendon biomechanical parameters, and the range and average of collagen fibril diameters. These findings suggested that hypoxia may be a practical and reliable strategy to induce tenogenic differentiation of BMSCs for tendon repair and could enhance the effectiveness of MSCs therapy in treating tendon injury.
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35
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Freitag J, Wickham J, Shah K, Tenen A. Effect of autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy in the treatment of an osteochondral lesion of the ankle. BMJ Case Rep 2020; 13:13/7/e234595. [PMID: 32641315 PMCID: PMC7348644 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-234595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteochondral lesions (OCLs) of the talus are rare but can be associated with significant morbidity and may lead to the development of osteoarthritis. An improved understanding of the action of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has seen renewed interest in their role in cartilage repair, with early preclinical and clinical research showing benefits in symptomatic and structural improvement. A 42-year-old man presented with an unstable OCL of the talus and onset of early osteoarthritis with a history of multiple previous ankle arthroscopies for ankle impingement. The patient underwent arthroscopic removal of the OCL in combination with adipose-derived MSC therapy. The patient reported progressive improvement as measured by the validated Foot and Ankle Disability Index. Repeat MRI with additional T2 mapping techniques showed successful regeneration of hyaline-like cartilage. This case is the first to show the successful use of MSC therapy in the management of an ankle OCL. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry - ACTRN12617000638336.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Freitag
- Melbourne Stem Cell Centre, Box Hill North, Victoria, Australia .,School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University - Orange Campus, Orange, New South Wales, Australia.,Magellan Stem Cells, Box Hill North, Victoria, Australia
| | - James Wickham
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University - Orange Campus, Orange, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kiran Shah
- Magellan Stem Cells, Box Hill North, Victoria, Australia.,Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Abi Tenen
- Melbourne Stem Cell Centre, Box Hill North, Victoria, Australia.,Magellan Stem Cells, Box Hill North, Victoria, Australia.,School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
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36
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Mesenchymal stem cell use in acute respiratory distress syndrome: a potential therapeutic application. Future Sci OA 2020; 6:FSO584. [PMID: 32670609 PMCID: PMC7351095 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2020-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a condition of acute respiratory failure resulting from noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. It may occur as a consequence of lung infection, sepsis, trauma, aspiration or drug reaction. The pathogenesis of ARDS is understood to be an unregulated inflammatory cascade with both endothelial and epithelial layer damage leading to alveolar fluid collection and pulmonary edema. Despite improved understanding of the cause of ARDS, treatment remains supportive with a mortality rate ranging from 25–40%. Preclinical and early phase clinical trials have highlighted the potential role of mesenchymal stem cells in combating the inflammatory cascade through immunomodulatory mechanisms and assisting in tissue repair. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a condition of sudden respiratory failure due to fluid in the lungs as a consequence of factors such as trauma and bacterial or viral lung infections. ARDS is understood to occur as a result of uncontrolled inflammation. Conventional treatment is supportive only with ARDS having a high death rate of up to 40%. Evidence from both preclinical and clinical trials highlight the potential role of mesenchymal stem cells in combating the inflammatory reactions that cause ARDS as this therapy both modifies the immune response and provides assistance with tissue repair.
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37
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Borciani G, Montalbano G, Baldini N, Cerqueni G, Vitale-Brovarone C, Ciapetti G. Co-culture systems of osteoblasts and osteoclasts: Simulating in vitro bone remodeling in regenerative approaches. Acta Biomater 2020; 108:22-45. [PMID: 32251782 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bone is an extremely dynamic tissue, undergoing continuous remodeling for its whole lifetime, but its regeneration or augmentation due to bone loss or defects are not always easy to obtain. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is a promising approach, and its success often relies on a "smart" scaffold, as a support to host and guide bone formation through bone cell precursors. Bone homeostasis is maintained by osteoblasts (OBs) and osteoclasts (OCs) within the basic multicellular unit, in a consecutive cycle of resorption and formation. Therefore, a functional scaffold should allow the best possible OB/OC cooperation for bone remodeling, as happens within the bone extracellular matrix in the body. In the present work OB/OC co-culture models, with and without scaffolds, are reviewed. These experimental systems are intended for different targets, including bone remodeling simulation, drug testing and the assessment of biomaterials and 3D scaffolds for BTE. As a consequence, several parameters, such as cell type, cell ratio, culture medium and inducers, culture times and setpoints, assay methods, etc. vary greatly. This review identifies and systematically reports the in vitro methods explored up to now, which, as they allow cellular communication, more closely resemble bone remodeling and/or the regeneration process in the framework of BTE. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Bone is a dynamic tissue under continuous remodeling, but spontaneous healing may fail in the case of excessive bone loss which often requires valid alternatives to conventional treatments to restore bone integrity, like bone tissue engineering (BTE). Pre-clinical evaluation of scaffolds for BTE requires in vitro testing where co-cultures combining innovative materials with osteoblasts (OBs) and osteoclasts (OCs) closely mimic the in vivo repair process. This review considers the direct and indirect OB/OC co-cultures relevant to BTE, from the early mouse-cell models to the recent bone regenerative systems. The co-culture modeling of bone microenvironment provides reliable information on bone cell cross-talk. Starting from improved knowledge on bone remodeling, bone disease mechanisms may be understood and new BTE solutions are designed.
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38
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Bonsack B, Corey S, Shear A, Heyck M, Cozene B, Sadanandan N, Zhang H, Gonzales-Portillo B, Sheyner M, Borlongan CV. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy alleviates the neuroinflammation associated with acquired brain injury. CNS Neurosci Ther 2020; 26:603-615. [PMID: 32356605 PMCID: PMC7248547 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI) comprise two particularly prevalent and costly examples of acquired brain injury (ABI). Following stroke or TBI, primary cell death and secondary cell death closely model disease progression and worsen outcomes. Mounting evidence indicates that long‐term neuroinflammation extensively exacerbates the secondary deterioration of brain structure and function. Due to their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties, mesenchymal stem cell transplants have emerged as a promising approach to treating this facet of stroke and TBI pathology. In this review, we summarize the classification of cell death in ABI and discuss the prominent role of inflammation. We then consider the efficacy of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (BM‐MSC) transplantation as a therapy for these injuries. Finally, we examine recent laboratory and clinical studies utilizing transplanted BM‐MSCs as antiinflammatory and neurorestorative treatments for stroke and TBI. Clinical trials of BM‐MSC transplants for stroke and TBI support their promising protective and regenerative properties. Future research is needed to allow for better comparison among trials and to elaborate on the emerging area of cell‐based combination treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke Bonsack
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sydney Corey
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Alex Shear
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Matt Heyck
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Blaise Cozene
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Nadia Sadanandan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Henry Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - Michael Sheyner
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Cesar V Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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39
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Twomey-Kozak J, Jayasuriya CT. Meniscus Repair and Regeneration: A Systematic Review from a Basic and Translational Science Perspective. Clin Sports Med 2020; 39:125-163. [PMID: 31767102 DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Meniscus injuries are among the most common athletic injuries and result in functional impairment in the knee. Repair is crucial for pain relief and prevention of degenerative joint diseases like osteoarthritis. Current treatments, however, do not produce long-term improvements. Thus, recent research has been investigating new therapeutic options for regenerating injured meniscal tissue. This review comprehensively details the current methodologies being explored in the basic sciences to stimulate better meniscus injury repair. Furthermore, it describes how these preclinical strategies may improve current paradigms of how meniscal injuries are clinically treated through a unique and alternative perspective to traditional clinical methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Twomey-Kozak
- Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Box G-A1, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Chathuraka T Jayasuriya
- Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Box G-A1, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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40
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Harvestine JN, Gonzalez-Fernandez T, Sebastian A, Hum NR, Genetos DC, Loots GG, Leach JK. Osteogenic preconditioning in perfusion bioreactors improves vascularization and bone formation by human bone marrow aspirates. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay2387. [PMID: 32095526 PMCID: PMC7015678 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay2387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cell-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) provides a niche to promote osteogenic differentiation, cell adhesion, survival, and trophic factor secretion. To determine whether osteogenic preconditioning would improve the bone-forming potential of unfractionated bone marrow aspirate (BMA), we perfused cells on ECM-coated scaffolds to generate naïve and preconditioned constructs, respectively. The composition of cells selected from BMA was distinct on each scaffold. Naïve constructs exhibited robust proangiogenic potential in vitro, while preconditioned scaffolds contained more mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) and exhibited an osteogenic phenotype. Upon implantation into an orthotopic calvarial defect, BMA-derived ECs were present in vessels in preconditioned implants, resulting in robust perfusion and greater vessel density over the first 14 days compared to naïve implants. After 10 weeks, human ECs and differentiated MSCs were detected in de novo tissues derived from naïve and preconditioned scaffolds. These results demonstrate that bioreactor-based preconditioning augments the bone-forming potential of BMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. N. Harvestine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - T. Gonzalez-Fernandez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - A. Sebastian
- Physical and Life Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - N. R. Hum
- Physical and Life Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - D. C. Genetos
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - G. G. Loots
- Physical and Life Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - J. K. Leach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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41
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Dragoo JL, Guzman RA. Evaluation of the Consistency and Composition of Commercially Available Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate Systems. Orthop J Sports Med 2020; 8:2325967119893634. [PMID: 32010732 PMCID: PMC6970477 DOI: 10.1177/2325967119893634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bone marrow aspirate (BMA) concentrate (BMAC) has gained popularity as a treatment modality for various orthopaedic conditions; however, there are still inconsistencies in its reported therapeutic efficacy. This may be because of the many different commercial BMAC preparation systems used clinically, which generate dissimilar concentrate products. Purpose: To compare 3 commercially available BMAC preparation systems: Harvest SmartPrep 3, Biomet BioCUE, and Arthrex Angel. We evaluated the consistency of each of these systems and compared the composition of their concentrate products. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 10 patients donated whole blood and BMA, which were combined and processed with the 3 different BMAC preparation systems. Samples were taken before and after processing for the measurement of white blood cells (WBC), platelets (PLT), CD34+ cells, and colony-forming unit–fibroblast (CFU-F). To evaluate consistency, the variances of cell yield and concentration increase from baseline for each cell type were compared between systems. To compare concentrate product composition, differences between the systems’ mean cell yield and concentration increase from baseline for each cell type were evaluated. Results: The Harvest system (variance, 0.25) concentrated WBC more consistently than the Arthrex system (variance, 3.25) (P = .024), but no other differences in consistency were noted between the 3 systems. The Harvest system recovered the greatest percentage of CFU-F (82.4% ± 18.2%), CD34+ cells (81.1% ± 28.5%), and WBC (77.3% ± 8.6%), whereas the Biomet system recovered the greatest percentage of PLTs (92.9% ± 27.3%). The Arthrex system concentrated PLT to the greatest degree (11.10 ± 2.05 times baseline), while the Biomet system concentrated WBC to the greatest degree (5.99 ± 1.04 times baseline). Conclusion: The consistency of the 3 systems was similar for all but 1 of the evaluated cell types. However, the composition of the concentrate products differed across systems. This may grant each system unique advantages without having to sacrifice reproducibility. Clinical Relevance: Understanding the consistency of different BMAC preparation systems and their product makeup may aid in determining optimal therapeutic doses of different cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason L Dragoo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Roberto A Guzman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California, USA
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42
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Nasb M, Liangjiang H, Gong C, Hong C. Human adipose-derived Mesenchymal stem cells, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, or their combination for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: study protocol for a first-in-man randomized controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:33. [PMID: 31941483 PMCID: PMC6964002 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-3056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human adipose-derived Mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSCs) have proven their efficacy in treating osteoarthritis (OA), in earlier preclinical and clinical studies. As the tissue repairers are under the control of mechanical and biochemical signals, improving regeneration outcomes using such signals has of late been the focus of attention. Among mechanical stimuli, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has recently shown promise both in vitro and in vivo. This study will investigate the potential of LIPUS in enhancing the regeneration process of an osteoarthritic knee joint. Methods This study involves a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, and single-blind trial based on the SPIRIT guidelines, and aims to recruit 96 patients initially diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis, following American College of Rheumatology criteria. Patients will be randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive Intraarticular HADMSCs injection with LIPUS, Intraarticular HADMSCs injection with shame LIPUS, or Normal saline with LIPUS. The primary outcome is Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Index of OA (WOMAC) score, while the secondary outcomes will be other knee structural changes, and lower limb muscle strength such as the knee cartilage thickness measured by MRI. Blinded assessments will be performed at baseline (1 month prior to treatment), 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months following the interventions. Discussion This trial will be the first clinical study to comprehensively investigate the safety and efficacy of LIPUS on stem cell therapy in OA patients. The results may provide evidence of the effectiveness of LIPUS in improving stem cell therapy and deliver valuable information for the design of subsequent trials. Trial registration This study had been prospectively registered with the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry. registration number: ChiCTR1900025907 at September 14, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nasb
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physical Therapy, Health science faculty, Albaath University, Homs, Syria
| | - Huang Liangjiang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenzi Gong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Hong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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43
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Whitehead J, Zhang J, Harvestine JN, Kothambawala A, Liu GY, Leach JK. Tunneling nanotubes mediate the expression of senescence markers in mesenchymal stem/stromal cell spheroids. Stem Cells 2020; 38:80-89. [PMID: 31298767 PMCID: PMC6954984 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) is limited by acquired senescence following prolonged culture expansion and high-passage numbers. However, the degree of cell senescence is dynamic, and cell-cell communication is critical to promote cell survival. MSC spheroids exhibit improved viability compared with monodispersed cells, and actin-rich tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) may mediate cell survival and other functions through the exchange of cytoplasmic components. Building upon our previous demonstration of TNTs bridging MSCs within these cell aggregates, we hypothesized that TNTs would influence the expression of senescence markers in MSC spheroids. We confirmed the existence of functional TNTs in MSC spheroids formed from low-passage, high-passage, and mixtures of low- and high-passage cells using scanning electron microscopy, confocal microscopy, and flow cytometry. The contribution of TNTs toward the expression of senescence markers was investigated by blocking TNT formation with cytochalasin D (CytoD), an inhibitor of actin polymerization. CytoD-treated spheroids exhibited decreases in cytosol transfer. Compared with spheroids formed solely of high-passage MSCs, the addition of low-passage MSCs reduced p16 expression, a known genetic marker of senescence. We observed a significant increase in p16 expression in high-passage cells when TNT formation was inhibited, establishing the importance of TNTs in MSC spheroids. These data confirm the restorative role of TNTs within MSC spheroids formed with low- and high-passage cells and represent an exciting approach to use higher-passage cells in cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacklyn Whitehead
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Jiali Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Jenna N. Harvestine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Alefia Kothambawala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Gang-yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - J. Kent Leach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817
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44
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Khademi-Shirvan M, Ghorbaninejad M, Hosseini S, Baghaban Eslaminejad M. The Importance of Stem Cell Senescence in Regenerative Medicine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1288:87-102. [PMID: 32026416 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2020_489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an interesting tool in regenerative medicine and a unique cell-based therapy to treat aging-associated diseases. Successful MSC therapy needs a large-scale cell culture, and requires a prolonged in vitro cell culture that subsequently leads to cell senescence. Administration of senescent MSCs results in inefficient cell differentiation in the clinical setting. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to enhance our knowledge about the aging process and methods to detect cell senescence in order to overcome this challenge. Numerous studies have addressed senescence in various aspects. Here, we review the characteristics of MSCs, how aging affects their features, mechanisms involved in aging of MSCs, and potential approaches to detect MSC senescence in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliheh Khademi-Shirvan
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Ghorbaninejad
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Hosseini
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Abughanam G, Elkashty OA, Liu Y, Bakkar MO, Tran SD. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Extract (MSCsE)-Based Therapy Alleviates Xerostomia and Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca in Sjogren's Syndrome-Like Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194750. [PMID: 31557796 PMCID: PMC6801785 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease that manifests primarily in salivary and lacrimal glands leading to dry mouth and eyes. Unfortunately, there is no cure for SS due to its complex etiopathogenesis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were successfully tested for SS, but some risks and limitations remained for their clinical use. This study combined cell- and biologic-based therapies by utilizing the MSCs extract (MSCsE) to treat SS-like disease in NOD mice. We found that MSCsE and MSCs therapies were successful and comparable in preserving salivary and lacrimal glands function in NOD mice when compared to control group. Cells positive for AQP5, AQP4, α-SMA, CK5, and c-Kit were preserved. Gene expression of AQP5, EGF, FGF2, BMP7, LYZ1 and IL-10 were upregulated, and downregulated for TNF-α, TGF-β1, MMP2, CASP3, and IL-1β. The proliferation rate of the glands and serum levels of EGF were also higher. Cornea integrity and epithelial thickness were maintained due to tear flow rate preservation. Peripheral tolerance was re-established, as indicated by lower lymphocytic infiltration and anti-SS-A antibodies, less BAFF secretion, higher serum IL-10 levels and FoxP3+ Treg cells, and selective inhibition of B220+ B cells. These promising results opened new venues for a safer and more convenient combined biologic- and cell-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Abughanam
- McGill Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada.
| | - Osama A Elkashty
- McGill Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada.
| | - Younan Liu
- McGill Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada.
| | - Mohammed O Bakkar
- McGill Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada.
| | - Simon D Tran
- McGill Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada.
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46
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Mautner K, Bowers R, Easley K, Fausel Z, Robinson R. Functional Outcomes Following Microfragmented Adipose Tissue Versus Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate Injections for Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:1149-1156. [PMID: 31328447 PMCID: PMC6811695 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether autologous orthobiologic tissue source affects pain and functional outcomes in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA) who received microfragmented adipose tissue (MFAT) or bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) injection. We retrospectively reviewed prospectively collected data from patients who received BMAC or MFAT injection for symptomatic knee OA. Patients completed baseline and follow-up surveys. Each survey included the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) questionnaire, Emory Quality of Life (EQOL) questionnaire, and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain. The follow-up responses were compared with baseline for all patients and between BMAC and MFAT groups. A total of 110 patients met inclusion criteria, with 76 patients (BMAC 41, MFAT 35) and 106 knees (BMAC 58, MFAT 48) having appropriate follow-up data. The BMAC group included 17 females and 24 males, with a mean age of 59 ± 11 years. The MFAT group included 23 females and 12 males, with a mean age of 63 ± 11 years. Minimum follow-up time was 0.5 years. Mean follow-up time was 1.80 ± 0.88 years for BMAC and 1.09 ± 0.49 years for MFAT. Both groups had significant improvement in EQOL, VAS, and all KOOS parameters preprocedure versus postprocedure (p < .001). There was not a significant difference when comparing postprocedure scores between groups (p = .09, .38, .63, .94, .17, .15, .70, respectively). These data demonstrate significant improvement in pain and function with both MFAT and BMAC injections in patients with symptomatic knee OA without a significant difference in improvement when comparing the two autologous tissue sources. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:1149-1156.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Mautner
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Robert Bowers
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kirk Easley
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Zachary Fausel
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ryan Robinson
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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47
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Sofia V, Bachri MS, Endrinaldi E. The Influence of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Wharton Jelly toward Prostaglandin E2 Gene Expression on Synoviocyte Cell Osteoarthritis. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:1252-1258. [PMID: 31110565 PMCID: PMC6514332 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacological therapy in the management of OA causes many new health problems due to side effects caused by long-term use of drugs, such as long-term use of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) will cause gastric ulcers and impaired kidney function. In OA pathogenesis, PGE2 gene is involved in the inflammation process. AIM This study aims to identify the influence of Wharton Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC-WJ) on PGE2 expression gene in synoviocyte by in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS The method used in this study is the co-culture method of primary cells and stem cells in the appropriate media. This research is pure experimental research. The sample used came from synovial tissue of osteoarthritis patients who underwent Total Knee Replacement (TKR) surgery. This study was divided into 6 groups treated with 4 replications. The expression analysis of the Prostaglandin E2 gene was done using qPCR (Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction). The expression analysis of the Prostaglandin E2 gene was carried out before and after the co-culture with Wharton's Jelly and continued with the analysis of statistical data processing using the SPSS.15 program. PGE2 gene expression data were processed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and continued with the Mann-Whitney test with a 95% confidence level. RESULTS The results showed that Mesenchymal Stem Cells Wharton Jelly could reduce the expression of Prostaglandin E2 gene after co-culture for 24 hours and 48 hours in synoviocyte cells osteoarthritis significantly compared with the control group. The administration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for 24 hours reduced the expression level of PGE2 gene by 0.61 times compared to the control group (p < 0.05) and the administration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for 48 hours decreased the expression level of PGE2 gene by 0, 47 times compared to the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION This study concluded that MSC-WJ in OA synoviocyte significantly reduced the expression of the PGE2 gene (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivi Sofia
- Faculty of Pharmacy Ahmad Dahlan University, Jogjakarta, Indonesia
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48
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Harvestine JN, Saiz Jr AM, Leach JK. Cell-secreted extracellular matrix influences cellular composition sequestered from unprocessed bone marrow aspirate for osteogenic grafts. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:2091-2101. [PMID: 30869662 PMCID: PMC6478553 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01478g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow aspirates provide a rich source of cells for use in tissue engineering of bone and other clinical indications. However, progenitor cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) account for a small fraction of nucleated cells in bone marrow aspirate (BMA), requiring extensive culture expansion. Accessory cell populations such as endothelial or hematopoietic cells can potentiate the bone-forming potential of MSCs, and cell-secreted extracellular matrix (ECM) can increase cell seeding efficiency and osteogenic differentiation of heterogeneous cell populations. In this study, we hypothesized that cell-secreted ECM could be used to sequester MSCs and accessory cells from BMA for bone regeneration. To generate 3D implantable constructs, BMA was resuspended in media with or without type I collagen or ECM and injected into a perfusion bioreactor system. The addition of protein coatings increased cell seeding efficiency compared to uncoated scaffolds. Compared to fresh BMA, the culture of BMA on all scaffolds reduced the proportion of CD45+ myeloid cells and increased CD31+CD45- endothelial cells. Compared to uncoated scaffolds, we observed a 143- and 30-fold increase in MSCs when fresh BMA was cultured on ECM- or collagen-coated scaffolds, respectively. Upon subcutaneous implantation, ECM-coated scaffolds promoted cell survival and early vascularization. However, bone formation was comparable across all implant groups, suggesting additional osteogenic cues are necessary to increase the bone forming potential of fresh BMA. These results motivate further investigation into strategies which elicit more robust bone regeneration by tissue aspirates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna N Harvestine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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49
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Abdal Dayem A, Lee SB, Kim K, Lim KM, Jeon TI, Seok J, Cho ASG. Production of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through Stem Cell Reprogramming. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081922. [PMID: 31003536 PMCID: PMC6514654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess a broad spectrum of therapeutic applications and have been used in clinical trials. MSCs are mainly retrieved from adult or fetal tissues. However, there are many obstacles with the use of tissue-derived MSCs, such as shortages of tissue sources, difficult and invasive retrieval methods, cell population heterogeneity, low purity, cell senescence, and loss of pluripotency and proliferative capacities over continuous passages. Therefore, other methods to obtain high-quality MSCs need to be developed to overcome the limitations of tissue-derived MSCs. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), are considered potent sources for the derivation of MSCs. PSC-derived MSCs (PSC-MSCs) may surpass tissue-derived MSCs in proliferation capacity, immunomodulatory activity, and in vivo therapeutic applications. In this review, we will discuss basic as well as recent protocols for the production of PSC-MSCs and their in vitro and in vivo therapeutic efficacies. A better understanding of the current advances in the production of PSC-MSCs will inspire scientists to devise more efficient differentiation methods that will be a breakthrough in the clinical application of PSC-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdal Dayem
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology, Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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50
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Borkowska-Kuczkowska A, Sługocka D, Świątkowska-Flis B, Boruczkowski D. The use of mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of progressive retinal diseases: a review. Regen Med 2019; 14:321-329. [PMID: 30977436 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2019-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Some ocular diseases, such as dystrophies, retinal and macular degeneration, optic nerve atrophy, and Stargardt disease, are progressive and irreversible. In this review, we focus on the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the treatment of these diseases. In animal studies, MSC transplantation significantly delayed retinal degeneration, led to the regeneration of cone cells, and supported the survival of retinal ganglion cells and axon regeneration. In clinical practice, patients with Behcet's disease with retinal vasculitis who received MSC injections experienced a decrease in retinal vasculitis but no improvement in vision acuity. Nonetheless, there is no evidence that MSCs are carcinogenic, and they even reduce the size of tumors in vitro. Furthermore, MSCs do not trigger the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Borkowska-Kuczkowska
- Polish Center of Cell Therapy & Immunotherapy in Częstochowa, Waly Dwernickiego 43/45, 42-202 Częstochowa, Poland.,Agamed Center of Ophthalmology, Jasnogórska 4, 42-202 Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Dominika Sługocka
- Polish Center of Cell Therapy & Immunotherapy in Częstochowa, Waly Dwernickiego 43/45, 42-202 Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Beata Świątkowska-Flis
- Polish Center of Cell Therapy & Immunotherapy in Częstochowa, Waly Dwernickiego 43/45, 42-202 Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Dariusz Boruczkowski
- Polski Bank Komórek Macierzystych SA (FamiCord Group), Jana Pawła II 29, 00-867 Warsaw, Poland
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