Association Between the Placement of a Double-J Catheter and the Risk of Urinary Tract Infection in Renal Transplantation Recipients: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 1038 Patients

Diabetes Mellitus as a Predictive Factor for Urinary Tract Infection for Patients Treated with Kidney Transplantation

Background and Objectives: We aimed to investigate the rate of incidence and risk factors of post-transplant urinary tract infection (UTI) in patients receiving kidney transplantation (KT) at our institution. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out on patients who underwent KT for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) from January 2008 to December 2021 at Gifu University Hospital. UTI was defined as the existence of bacterial and/or fungal infection in urine with ≥105 colony-forming units/mL, with or without urinary and/or systemic symptoms of UTI. Patients were divided into two groups: those with UTI after KT (UTI group) and those without UTI (non-UTI group). The primary endpoint of this study was the relationship between covariates and UTI after KT. Results: Two hundred and forty patients with ESKD received KT at Gifu University Hospital. Thirty-four participants developed UTI after surgery, and the most common pathogen was Escherichia coli. At the end of the follow-up, graft loss was observed in six patients (2.5%), independent of UTI episodes. In the multivariate analysis, diabetes mellitus (DM) was statistically associated with post-transplant UTI in kidney transplant recipients. Conclusions: Preoperative serum glucose control in patients with DM may have a crucial role in preventing UTI and preserving renal function after KT.

Effects of Nursing Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on Self-Perceived Burden, Drug Compliance, and Quality of Life of Renal Transplant Recipients

Objective

To explore the effects of nursing intervention based on health belief model (HBM) on self-perceived burden, drug compliance, and quality of life of renal transplant recipients.

Methods

Sixty patients with renal transplantation treated in our hospital from February 2019 to July 2021 were enrolled. The patients were randomly assigned to control group and study group. The former received routine nursing and the latter received nursing intervention based on HBM.

Results

The nursing satisfaction in the study group was higher compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Secondly, we compared the scores of self-burdens. Before nursing, they exhibited no significant difference (P > 0.05); after nursing, they decreased. Moreover, the physical burden, economic burden, and emotional burden of the study group were lower compared to the control group (P < 0.05). In terms of drug compliance, the rates of no missed medication, noncontinuous missed medication, timely medication, dose-by-dose medication, and non-self-stopping medication in the study group were higher compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The scores of SAS and SDS exhibited no significant difference before nursing (P > 0.05). After nursing, they decreased. Furthermore, the scores of SAS and SDS of the study group were lower compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The self-management ability exhibited no significant difference before nursing (P > 0.05); after nursing, it increased. Moreover, the self-management ability of the study group at discharge and 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after discharge was higher compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Finally, we compared the scores of quality of life. Before nursing, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). The scores of physiological function, psychological function, social function, and health self-cognition in the study group were lower compared to the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

The nursing intervention based on HBM can enhance the medication compliance of renal transplant recipients, and the intervention effect is long-lasting. Meanwhile, it can effectively enhance the negative emotion of patients, reduce the burden of self-feeling, promote the quality of life, strengthen the self-management of patients, and facilitate the prognosis.