1
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Lei S, Wang H, Wang SR. Catalytic Intramolecular Ketone Haloacylation Enabled Stereoselective Heterolytic Cleavage of Cyclopropyl Ketones with Enhanced Reactivity and Regioselectivity beyond Electronics. Org Lett 2024; 26:4111-4116. [PMID: 38717836 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
By integration of oxocarbenium activation and Lewis acid coordination activation via conformational proximity-driven, Pd(II)- or Cu(I)-catalyzed intramolecular ketone haloacylation, regio- and stereoselective heterolytic ring-opening 1,5-haloacylation of cyclopropyl ketones, including those with weak single alkyl donors, has been developed for the synthesis of valuable α-quaternary halo-γ-butenolides. The vicinal carboxylic acid and ketone acceptors are no longer just spectator activators. Further, this reaction delivers a constant regioselectivity regardless of the electronic nature of substituents, even the malonate.
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2
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Yang QH, Shi M, Wei Y. A New Method of Constructing Methyleneindene and Quinoline Frameworks from Methylenecyclopropanes. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400411. [PMID: 38719729 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we have established an operationally convenient protocol for the rapid construction of polysubstituted methyleneindene and quinoline derivatives under mild conditions. This new synthetic method is achieved through the conversion of acetyl-substituted methylenecyclopropanes with TsOH ⋅ H2O and ortho-amino-substituted methylenecyclopropanes with aromatic aldehyde and TsOH ⋅ H2O, respectively. A variety of transformations of the obtained products was demonstrated. The plausible reaction mechanisms were also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qu-Hang Yang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Min Shi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
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3
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Wang ZY, Liu SZ, Guo C, Cheng YZ, Li Q, Dou J, Li D. Nickel-catalyzed γ-alkylation of cyclopropyl ketones with unactivated primary alkyl chlorides: balancing reactivity and selectivity via halide exchange. RSC Adv 2024; 14:12883-12887. [PMID: 38650692 PMCID: PMC11033608 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02616k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A novel method was developed for synthesizing γ-alkyl ketones via nickel-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling of cyclopropyl ketones and non-activated primary alkyl chlorides. High reactivity and selectivity can be achieved with sodium iodide as a crucial cocatalyst that generates a low concentration of alkyl iodide via halide exchange, thus avoiding the formation of alkyl dimers. This reaction possessed excellent regioselectivity and high step economy circumventing in situ or pregenerated organometallics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Ying Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252000 P. R. China
| | - Shi-Zheng Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252000 P. R. China
| | - Cong Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252000 P. R. China
| | - Yi-Zheng Cheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252000 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252000 P. R. China
| | - Jianmin Dou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252000 P. R. China
| | - Dacheng Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252000 P. R. China
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4
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Kumar R, Dutt S, Banerjee P. Electrochemical oxidative C-C bond cleavage of methylenecyclopropanes with alcohols. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4246-4249. [PMID: 38530248 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00843j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Herein, an electrochemical approach toward the ring opening functionalization of methylenecyclopropanes (MCPs) via C-C bond cleavage in the presence of alcohols is reported. The methodology avoids the usage of external oxidants and shows good functional group tolerance. The mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction proceeds via direct single electron oxidation of the C-C bond of MCPs followed by ring opening to form the desired product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Lab no. 406, S.S. Bhatnagar block, Punjab-140001, India.
| | - Shiv Dutt
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Lab no. 406, S.S. Bhatnagar block, Punjab-140001, India.
| | - Prabal Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Lab no. 406, S.S. Bhatnagar block, Punjab-140001, India.
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5
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Karjee P, Debnath B, Mandal S, Saha S, Punniyamurthy T. One-pot C-N/C-C bond formation and oxidation of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes with tetrahydroisoquinolines: access to benzo-fused indolizines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4068-4071. [PMID: 38506143 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00810c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
One-pot C-N/C-C bond formation of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes (DACs) with tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) has been achieved to furnish benzo-fused indolizines. These reactions involve a MgI2-catalyzed ring opening of DACs and oxidative annulation using Mn(OAc)3·2H2O. The substrate scope and functional group diversity are the important practical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallab Karjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India.
| | - Bijoy Debnath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India.
| | - Santu Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India.
| | - Sharajit Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India.
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6
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Quezada V, Castroagudín M, Verdugo F, Ortiz S, Zaragoza G, Nachtigall FM, Reis FAA, Castro-Alvarez A, Santos LS, Nelson R. Nickel(II)-Catalyzed Formal [3+2] Cycloadditions between Indoles and Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes. Molecules 2024; 29:1604. [PMID: 38611883 PMCID: PMC11013886 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This article describes the development of a nickel-catalyzed regio- and diastereoselective formal [3+2] cycloaddition between N-substituted indoles and donor-acceptor cyclopropanes to synthesize cyclopenta[b]indoles. Optimized reaction conditions provide the desired nitrogen-containing cycloadducts in up to 93% yield and dr 8.6:1 with complete regioselectivity. The substrate scope showed high tolerance to various substituted indoles and cyclopropanes, resulting in the synthesis of six new cyclopenta[b]indoles and the isolation of five derivatives previously reported in the literature. In addition, a mechanistic proposal for the reaction was studied through online reaction monitoring by ESI-MS, allowing for the identification of the reactive intermediates in the Ni(II) catalyzed process. X-ray crystallography confirmed the structure and relative endo stereochemistry of the products. This method enables the fast and efficient construction of fused indolines from readily accessible starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Quezada
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica del Norte, Avda. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile; (V.Q.); (M.C.)
| | - Mariña Castroagudín
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica del Norte, Avda. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile; (V.Q.); (M.C.)
| | - Felipe Verdugo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, Concepción 4070371, Chile;
| | - Sergio Ortiz
- UMR 7200 Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, CNRS, Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Université de Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France;
| | - Guillermo Zaragoza
- Unidade de Difracción de Raios X, RIAIDT, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus VIDA, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Fabiane M. Nachtigall
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3467987, Chile;
| | - Francisco A. A. Reis
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis, Chemistry Institute of Natural Resources, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile;
| | - Alejandro Castro-Alvarez
- Departamento de Ciencias Preclínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Leonardo S. Santos
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis, Chemistry Institute of Natural Resources, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile;
| | - Ronald Nelson
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica del Norte, Avda. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile; (V.Q.); (M.C.)
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7
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Hu L, Xiang Y, Lan XB, Xie Y. An Intermolecular Hydroarylation of Unactivated Arylcyclopropane via Re 2O 7/HFIP-Mediated Ring Opening. Org Lett 2024; 26:2085-2090. [PMID: 38441049 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we describe a Re2O7-mediated ring-opening arylation of unactivated arylcyclopropane because of its functionalization with various arenes via Friedel-Crafts-type reactivity. This protocol allows facile access to functionalized 1,1-diaryl alkanes and is characterized by a broad substrate scope, mild reaction conditions, high efficiency, and high atom economy. Both density functional theory calculations and deuterium labeling experiments were carried out to justify the indispensable role of HFIP in this transformation and pointed to Re2O7-mediated ring opening being the rate-determining step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yao Xiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Lan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare-Precious Metals Compounds Research and Application, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China
| | - Youwei Xie
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
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8
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Yu Z, Shi M, Wei Y. Mechanistic Studies on Rhodium-Catalyzed Chemoselective Cycloaddition of Ene-Vinylidenecyclopropanes: Water-Assisted Proton Transfer. Molecules 2024; 29:1085. [PMID: 38474597 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhodium-catalyzed cycloaddition reactions are a powerful tool for the construction of polycyclic compounds. Combined experimental and DFT studies were used to investigate the temperature-controlled chemoselectivity of cationic rhodium-catalyzed intramolecular cycloaddition reactions of ene-vinylidenecyclopropanes. After a series of mechanistic studies, it was found that trace amounts of water in the reaction system play an important role in generating the product with endo double bond located on a five-membered ring and revealed that trace amounts of water in the reaction system, including the rhodium catalyst, substrate and solvent, were sufficient to promote the formation of the product with endo double bond located on a five-membered ring, and additional water could not further accelerate the reaction. DFT calculation results show that the addition of water indeed significantly lowers the energy barrier of the proton transfer step, making the formation of the product with endo double bond located on a five-membered ring more likely to occur and confirming the rationality of water-assisted proton transfer occurring in the selective access to the product with endo double bond located on a five-membered ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Yu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road No. 130, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Min Shi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road No. 130, Shanghai 200237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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9
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Wang H, Wang SR. Regio- and Stereospecific Hydrative Cloke-Wilson Rearrangement. Org Lett 2023; 25:8356-8360. [PMID: 37962522 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The Cloke-Wilson rearrangement of unsymmetrical β-diketone-derived cyclopropanes inevitably yields a mixture of two 4-acylated 2,3-dihydrofuran regiomers. By using alkynes as masked acyls, Tf2NH-promoted Cloke-Wilson rearrangement of polysubstituted 1-(1-alkynyl)cyclopropyl ketones followed by alkyne hydration is described, regioselectively affording 2,3-dihydrofurans bearing 4-acyls nonequivalent to that involved in the Cloke-Wilson rearrangement. The 2,3-dihydrofuran rings with cis 2,3-diaryls are unexpectedly more stable than their trans diastereomers under the reaction conditions, guaranteeing the regiospecificity of this hydrative Cloke-Wilson rearrangement with high fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Wang
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Lu, Shanghai 200241, China and
| | - Sunewang R Wang
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Lu, Shanghai 200241, China and
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Lu, Shanghai 200062, China
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10
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Nguyen TVT, Bossonnet A, Wodrich MD, Waser J. Photocatalyzed [2σ + 2σ] and [2σ + 2π] Cycloadditions for the Synthesis of Bicyclo[3.1.1]heptanes and 5- or 6-Membered Carbocycles. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:25411-25421. [PMID: 37934629 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
We report the use of photocatalysis for the homolytic ring-opening of carbonyl cyclopropanes. In contrast to previous studies, our approach does not require a metal cocatalyst or a strong reductant. The carbonyl cyclopropanes can be employed for both [2σ + 2σ] and [2σ + 2π] annulation with either alkenes/alkynes or bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes, yielding cyclopent-anes/-enes and bicyclo[3.1.1]heptanes (BCHs), respectively. BCHs are promising bioisosteres for 1,2,4,5 tetra-substituted aromatic rings. Mechanistic studies, including density functional theory computation and a trapping experiment with DMPO, support a 1,3-biradical generated from cyclopropane as a key intermediate for these transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tin V T Nguyen
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne Ch-1015, Switzerland
| | - André Bossonnet
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne Ch-1015, Switzerland
| | - Matthew D Wodrich
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne Ch-1015, Switzerland
| | - Jerome Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne Ch-1015, Switzerland
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11
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Yang H, Yu H, Stolarzewicz IA, Tang W. Enantioselective Transformations in the Synthesis of Therapeutic Agents. Chem Rev 2023; 123:9397-9446. [PMID: 37417731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The proportion of approved chiral drugs and drug candidates under medical studies has surged dramatically over the past two decades. As a consequence, the efficient synthesis of enantiopure pharmaceuticals or their synthetic intermediates poses a profound challenge to medicinal and process chemists. The significant advancement in asymmetric catalysis has provided an effective and reliable solution to this challenge. The successful application of transition metal catalysis, organocatalysis, and biocatalysis to the medicinal and pharmaceutical industries has promoted drug discovery by efficient and precise preparation of enantio-enriched therapeutic agents, and facilitated the industrial production of active pharmaceutical ingredient in an economic and environmentally friendly fashion. The present review summarizes the most recent applications (2008-2022) of asymmetric catalysis in the pharmaceutical industry ranging from process scales to pilot and industrial levels. It also showcases the latest achievements and trends in the asymmetric synthesis of therapeutic agents with state of the art technologies of asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hanxiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Izabela A Stolarzewicz
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenjun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
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12
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Wang Y, Shen S, He C, Zhou Y, Zhang K, Rao B, Han T, Su Y, Duan XH, Liu L. Cu(ii)-mediated direct intramolecular cyclopropanation of distal olefinic acetate: access to cyclopropane-fused γ-lactones. Chem Sci 2023; 14:6663-6668. [PMID: 37350833 PMCID: PMC10284120 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01752d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclopropane-fused ring scaffolds represent one of the most appealing structural motifs in organic chemistry due to their wide presence in bioactive molecules and versatility in organic synthesis. These skeletons are typically prepared from olefinic diazo compounds via transition-metal catalysed intramolecular carbenoid insertion, which suffers from prefunctionalization of starting materials and limited substrate scope. Herein, we disclose a practical copper-mediated direct intramolecular cyclopropanation of distal olefinic acetate to synthesize cyclopropane-fused γ-lactones and lactams. This cascade reaction is postulated to proceed through a hydrogen atom transfer event induced radical cyclization and copper-mediated cyclopropanation sequence. The protocol features high atom- and step-economy, excellent diastereoselectivity, broad tolerance of functional groups, and operational simplicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Wang
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Shenyu Shen
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Chonglong He
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Youkang Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Keyuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Bin Rao
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Tian Han
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Yaqiong Su
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Xin-Hua Duan
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Le Liu
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China
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13
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Abstract
Cyclopropanes that carry an electron-accepting group react as electrophiles in polar, ring-opening reactions. Analogous reactions at cyclopropanes with additional C2 substituents allow one to access difunctionalized products. Consequently, functionalized cyclopropanes are frequently used building blocks in organic synthesis. The polarization of the C1-C2 bond in 1-acceptor-2-donor-substituted cyclopropanes not only favorably enhances reactivity toward nucleophiles but also directs the nucleophilic attack toward the already substituted C2 position. Monitoring the kinetics of non-catalytic ring-opening reactions with a series of thiophenolates and other strong nucleophiles, such as azide ions, in DMSO provided the inherent SN2 reactivity of electrophilic cyclopropanes. The experimentally determined second-order rate constants k 2 for cyclopropane ring-opening reactions were then compared to those of related Michael additions. Interestingly, cyclopropanes with aryl substituents at the C2 position reacted faster than their unsubstituted analogues. Variation of the electronic properties of the aryl groups at C2 gave rise to parabolic Hammett relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Eitzinger
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5–13, 81377München, Germany
| | - Armin R. Ofial
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5–13, 81377München, Germany
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14
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Yuan B, Zhang C, Dong H, Wang C. Iron-Catalyzed Reductive Ring Opening/ gem-Difluoroallylation of Cyclopropyl Ketones. Org Lett 2023; 25:1883-1888. [PMID: 36912491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
By merging C-C and C-F bond cleavage, we developed a regioselective ring opening/gem-difluoroallylation of cyclopropyl ketones with α-trifluoromethylstyrenes, which proceeds under the catalysis of iron with the combination of manganese and TMSCl as the reducing agents, providing a new entry to the synthesis of carbonyl-containing gem-difluoroalkenes. Remarkably, the ketyl radical-induced selective C-C bond cleavage and the following generation of more-stable carbon-centered radicals enable complete regiocontrol of this ring opening reaction for various substitution patterns of the cyclopropane ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Chang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | | | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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15
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Wei HZ, Shi M, Wei Y. Visible-light-induced reactions of methylenecyclopropanes (MCPs). Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:2726-2738. [PMID: 36752186 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06957a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Diverse, visible-light-induced transformations of methylenecyclopropanes (MCPs) have been reported in recent years, attracting significant attention from synthetic chemists. As readily accessible strained molecules, MCPs have sufficient reactivity to selectively generate different target products, through reactions with various radical species upon visible-light irradiation under regulated reaction conditions. These transformations can be classified into three subcategories of reaction pathway, forming ring-opened products, cyclopropane derivatives, and alkynes. These products include pharmaceutical intermediates and polycyclic/heterocyclic compounds that are challenging to obtain using traditional methods. This review summarizes the recent advancements in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Zhao Wei
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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16
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An C, Bi H, Wang SR. Aromatic Homo-Nazarov-Type Cyclization of Benzonorcaradienes: Stereoselective Synthesis of Hydrochrysenes. J Org Chem 2023; 88:2670-2674. [PMID: 36753613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Formal homo-Nazarov cyclization of benzonorcaradienes produced by intramolecular hydroarylation of arylated alkynylcyclopropanes promoted by TfOH has been described, providing stereoselective access to highly substituted hydrochrysenes. An unprecedented 1,2-acyl migration occurred for the 2-heteroaroyl substrates, thus giving the same products as their 3-heteroaroyl analogs. Moreover, these products could be readily oxidized by air to fully π-conjugated chrysenes after decarboxylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun An
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Lu, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hongyan Bi
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Lu, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Sunewang R Wang
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Lu, Shanghai 200241, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Lu, Shanghai 200241, China
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17
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Yu T, Yang J, Wang Z, Ding Z, Xu M, Wen J, Xu L, Li P. Selective [2σ + 2σ] Cycloaddition Enabled by Boronyl Radical Catalysis: Synthesis of Highly Substituted Bicyclo[3.1.1]heptanes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:4304-4310. [PMID: 36763965 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to the traditional and widely-used cycloaddition reactions involving at least a π bond component, a [2σ + 2σ] radical cycloaddition between bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes (BCBs) and cyclopropyl ketones has been developed to provide a modular, concise, and atom-economical synthetic route to substituted bicyclo[3.1.1]heptane (BCH) derivatives that are 3D bioisosteres of benzenes and core skeleton of a number of terpene natural products. The reaction was catalyzed by a combination of simple tetraalkoxydiboron(4) compound B2pin2 and 3-pentyl isonicotinate. The broad substrate scope has been demonstrated by synthesizing a series of new highly functionalized BCHs with up to six substituents on the core with up to 99% isolated yield. Computational mechanistic investigations supported a pyridine-assisted boronyl radical catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Jinbo Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Zhijun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Zhengwei Ding
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Jingru Wen
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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18
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Hsueh NC, Wang YH, Chang MY. Sequential condensation and double desulfonylative cyclopropanation of 1,2-bis(sulfonylmethyl)arenes with 3-arylacroleins: access to biscyclopropane-fused tetralins. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:1206-1221. [PMID: 36632710 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02188a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Efficient tBuOK-mediated sequential condensation and double desulfonylative cyclopropanation of readily accessible 1,2-bis(sulfonylmethyl)arenes with 3-arylacroleins is described. This high-yielding, single-step strategy provides a variety of polysubstituted biscyclopropane-fused tetralins with six contiguous stereogenic centers via the construction of five carbon-carbon single bonds. A plausible mechanism is proposed and discussed. In the overall reaction process, water and sulfinic acid salts were generated as the byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Chen Hsueh
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Han Wang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Meng-Yang Chang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.,NPUST College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
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19
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Hazra A, Kanji T, Banerjee P. Merging Two Strained Carbocycles: Lewis Acid Catalyzed Remote Site-Selective Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of in Situ Generated β-Naphthol. J Org Chem 2023; 88:960-971. [PMID: 36578165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lewis acid catalyzed tandem activation of the two smallest carbocycles, 3-ethoxy cyclobutanones, and donor-acceptor cyclopropanes has been demonstrated. The diphenyl-substituted 3-ethoxy cyclobutanone rearranges itself by intramolecular cyclization for the in situ generation of 1-phenyl 2-naphthol, which further undergoes remote site-selective Friedel-Crafts alkylation with donor-acceptor cyclopropane to synthesize a series of γ-naphthyl butyric acid derivatives. Further control experiments for mechanistic investigations and synthetic applications have also been carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Tanmay Kanji
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Prabal Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
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20
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Xu M, Wang Z, Sun Z, Ouyang Y, Ding Z, Yu T, Xu L, Li P. Diboron(4)-Catalyzed Remote [3+2] Cycloaddition of Cyclopropanes via Dearomative/Rearomative Radical Transmission through Pyridine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202214507. [PMID: 36344444 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ring structures such as pyridine, cyclopentane or their combinations are important motifs in bioactive molecules. In contrast to previous cycloaddition reactions that necessitated a directly bonded initiating functional group, this work demonstrated a novel through-(hetero)arene radical transmission concept for selective activation of a remote bond. An efficient, metal-free and atom-economical [3+2] cycloaddition between 4-pyridinyl cyclopropanes and alkenes or alkynes has been developed for modular synthesis of pyridine-substituted cyclopentanes, cyclopentenes and bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes that are difficult to access using known methods. This complexity-building reaction was catalyzed by a very simple and inexpensive diboron(4) compound and took place via dearomative/rearomative processes. The substrate scope was broad and more than 100 new compounds were prepared in generally high yields. Mechanistic experiments and density function theory (DFT) investigation supported a radical relay catalytic cycle involving alkylidene dihydropyridine radical intermediates and boronyl radical transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| | - Zhijun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Zhaohui Sun
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| | - Yizhao Ouyang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| | - Zhengwei Ding
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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21
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Bi H, Wang SR. Modular Regiodivergent Synthesis of Benzo-Fused Isocoumarins by a Cyclopropane Aromatization Strategy. Org Lett 2022; 24:6316-6320. [PMID: 35984353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein is an electrophile-modulated aromatization reaction of highly functionalized cyclopropanes to structurally diverse benzoisocoumarins featuring concurrent formation of the benzenoid and α-pyrone rings under mild conditions. An aromatization reaction of the proposed benzonorcaradiene intermediates prepared independently revealed a crucial role of the neighboring olefinic substituents in determining whether the cyclopropane ring expansion is followed by a 1,2-shift of the ester group.
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22
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Hao ZF, Zhu SJ, Hao YJ, Zhang WH, Zhou Y, Tian YP, Lei CW. Enantioselective Synthesis of Bispiro[indanedione-oxindole-cyclopropane]s through Organocatalytic [2+1] Cycloaddition. J Org Chem 2022. [PMID: 35960861 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of compounds featuring a novel bispiro[indanedione-oxindole-cyclopropane] moiety have been synthesized through a squaramide-catalyzed [2+1] cycloaddition reaction. The tandem Michael-alkylation reaction of 2-arylidene-1,3-indanediones with 3-bromooxindoles furnished the cycloadducts in high yields with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities. The ammonium ylide in the catalytic process, as a key intermediate, was revealed by the high-resolution mass spectrometry study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Feng Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shi-Jie Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yong-Jia Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wen-Hui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - You-Ping Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chuan-Wen Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
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23
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Jiang ZT, Chen Z, Zeng Y, Shi JL, Xia Y. Enantioselective Formation of All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters in gem-Difluorinated Cyclopropanes via Rhodium-Catalyzed Stereoablative Kinetic Resolution. Org Lett 2022; 24:6176-6181. [PMID: 35951978 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report an effective method to offer chiral gem-difluorinated cyclopropanes containing an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter by rhodium-catalyzed stereoablative kinetic resolution. The activation of a sterically hindered all-carbon quaternary C-C bond through oxidative addition with a chiral rhodium complex is proposed as the enantiodetermining step. A wide range of gem-difluorinated cyclopropanes can be obtained with excellent ee values (ee = 87% to >99.9%), which are demonstrated to be useful chiral fluorine-containing building blocks by a series of postfunctionalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Tao Jiang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhengzhao Chen
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yaxin Zeng
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiang-Ling Shi
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying Xia
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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24
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Zhang Y, Zhou G, Gong X, Guo Z, Qi X, Shen X. Diastereoselective Transfer of Tri(di)fluoroacetylsilanes-Derived Carbenes to Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202175. [PMID: 35415937 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Stereoselective cyclopropanation reaction of alkenes is usually achieved by metal complexes via singlet-metal-carbene intermediates. However, previous transition-metal-catalyzed cyclopropanation of alkenes with acylsilanes afforded low diastereoselectivity. Herein, we report the first visible-light-induced transition-metal-free cyclopropanation reaction of terminal alkenes with trifluoroacetylsilanes and difluoroacetylsilanes. Both aromatic and aliphatic alkenes as well as electron-deficient alkenes are suitable substrates for the highly cis-selective [2+1] cyclization reaction. A combination of experimental and computational studies identified triplet carbenes as being key intermediates in this transformation. The gram scale reaction and late-stage functionalization demonstrated the synthetic potential of this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhi Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Xingxing Gong
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Zhuanzhuan Guo
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Xiao Shen
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
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25
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Ding Z, Liu Z, Wang Z, Yu T, Xu M, Wen J, Yang K, Zhang H, Xu L, Li P. Catalysis with Diboron(4)/Pyridine: Application to the Broad-Scope [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of Cyclopropanes and Alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8870-8882. [PMID: 35532758 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to the extensive but non-recyclable use of tetraalkoxydiboron(4) compounds as stoichiometric reagents in diverse reactions, this article reports an atom-economical reaction using a commercial diboron(4) as the catalyst. The key to success was designing a catalytic cycle for radical [3 + 2] cycloaddition involving a pyridine cocatalyst to generate from the diboron(4) catalyst and reversibly mediate the transfer of boronyl radicals. In comparison with known [3 + 2] cycloaddition with transition metal-based catalysts, the current reaction features not only metal-free conditions, inexpensive and stable catalysts, and simple operation but also remarkably broadened substrate scope. In particular, previously unusable cyclopropyl ketones without an activating group and/or alkenes with 1,2-disubstitution and 1,1,2-trisubstitution patterns were successfully used for the first time. Consequently, challenging cyclopentane compounds with various levels of substitution (65 examples, 57 new products, up to six substituents at all five ring atoms) were readily prepared in generally high to excellent yield and diastereoselectivity. The reaction was also successfully applied in concise formal synthesis of an anti-obesity drug and building natural product-like complex bridged or spirocyclic compounds. Mechanistic experiments and computational investigation support the proposed radical relay catalysis featuring a pyridine-assisted boronyl radical catalyst. Overall, this work demonstrates the first approach to use tetraalkoxydiboron(4) compounds as catalysts and may lead to the development of new, green, and efficient transition metal-like boron-catalyzed organic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Ding
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Zhijun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Jingru Wen
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Kaiyan Yang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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26
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Zhang Y, Zhou G, Gong X, Guo Z, Qi X, Shen X. Diastereoselective Transfer of Tri(di)fluoroacetylsilanes‐Derived Carbenes to Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhi Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Studies Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials Ministry of Education Wuhan University 299 Bayi Road Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Gang Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Studies Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials Ministry of Education Wuhan University 299 Bayi Road Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Xingxing Gong
- Institute for Advanced Studies Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials Ministry of Education Wuhan University 299 Bayi Road Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Zhuanzhuan Guo
- Institute for Advanced Studies Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials Ministry of Education Wuhan University 299 Bayi Road Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University 299 Bayi Road Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Xiao Shen
- Institute for Advanced Studies Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials Ministry of Education Wuhan University 299 Bayi Road Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
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27
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Yuan B, Ding D, Wang C. Nickel-Catalyzed Regioselective Reductive Ring Opening of Aryl Cyclopropyl Ketones with Alkyl Bromides. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Decai Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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28
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Jie LH, Guo B, Song J, Xu HC. Organoelectrocatalysis Enables Direct Cyclopropanation of Methylene Compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2343-2350. [PMID: 35102740 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cyclopropane is a prevalent structural unit in natural products and bioactive compounds. While the transition metal-catalyzed alkene cyclopropanation of functionalized compounds such as α-diazocarbonyl derivatives has been well established and provides straightforward access to cyclopropanes, cyclopropanation directly from the more stable and simpler methylene compounds has remained an unsolved challenge despite the highly desirable benefits of minimal prefunctionalization and increased operational safety. Herein we report an electrocatalytic strategy for the cyclopropanation of active methylene compounds, employing an organic catalyst. The method shows a broad substrate scope and excellent scalability, requires no metal catalyst or external chemical oxidant, and provides convenient access to several types of cyclopropane-fused heterocyclic and carbocyclic compounds. Mechanistic investigations suggest that the reactions proceed through a radical-polar crossover process to form the two new carbon-carbon bonds in the nascent cyclopropane ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Hua Jie
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen361005, P. R. China
| | - Bin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen361005, P. R. China
| | - Jinshuai Song
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan450001, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Chao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen361005, P. R. China
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29
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Xu X, Shao J, Wang SR. Tuning the Cyclopropane Ring-Opening Reaction over Electronic Bias by Fusion to a Pre-Aromatic Ring: TfOH-Promoted Aromatization of Dibenzonorcaradienes to Dibenzo[ f, h]isocoumarins. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3794-3798. [PMID: 35037754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fusion of the cyclopropane ring bearing two vicinal acceptors to the pre-aromatic dihydrophenanthrene ring, which is constructed by the Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling between the vicinal aromatic rings, is found to effectively direct the cleavage of the electronically unfavored cyclopropane bond between the vicinal acceptors. Consequently, a modular method for the rapid synthesis of dibenzo[f,h]isocoumarins from methyl ketones, aryl aldehydes, and α-keto esters via a reaction cascade of aldol condensation, Kukhtin-Ramirez cyclopropanation, Pd-catalyzed direct arylation, and acid-promoted aromatization has been realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Xu
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Lu, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jiru Shao
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Lu, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Sunewang R Wang
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Lu, Shanghai 200241, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Lu, Shanghai 200062, China
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30
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Li C, Yang Y, Zhou Y, Yu Z. A Formal [3+3+1] Reaction of Enyne‐Methylenecyclopropanes through Au(I)‐Catalyzed Enyne Cycloisomerization and Rh(I)‐Catalyzed [6+1] Reaction of Vinylspiropentanes and CO. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen‐Long Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Yusheng Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Zhi‐Xiang Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
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31
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Jüstel PM, Stan A, Pignot CD, Ofial AR. Inherent Reactivity of Spiro-Activated Electrophilic Cyclopropanes. Chemistry 2021; 27:15928-15935. [PMID: 34569669 PMCID: PMC9298281 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of the ring‐opening reactions of thiophenolates with geminal bis(acceptor)‐substituted cyclopropanes in DMSO at 20 °C was monitored by photometric methods. The determined second‐order rate constants of the SN2 reactions followed linear relationships with Mayr nucleophilicity parameters (N/sN) and Brønsted basicities (pKaH) of the thiophenolates as well as with Hammett substituent parameters (σ) for groups attached to the thiophenolates. Phenyl‐substituted cyclopropanes reacted by up to a factor of 15 faster than their unsubstituted analogues, in accord with the known activating effect of adjacent π‐systems in SN2 reactions. Variation of the electronic properties of substituents at the phenyl groups of the cyclopropanes gave rise to parabolic Hammett relationships. Thus, the inherent SN2 reactivity of electrophilic cyclopropanes is activated by electron‐rich π‐systems because of the more advanced C1−C2 bond polarization in the transition state. On the other hand, electron‐poor π‐systems also lower the energetic barriers for the attack of anionic nucleophiles owing to attractive electrostatic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Jüstel
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Alexandra Stan
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Cedric D Pignot
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Armin R Ofial
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, München, Germany
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32
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Wei HZ, Wei Y, Shi M. Construction of an isoquinolinone framework from carboxylic-ester-directed umpolung ring opening of methylenecyclopropanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11201-11204. [PMID: 34622891 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04826k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
An interesting type of reaction involving functionalized methylenecyclopropanes (MCPs) has been revealed. Here, a nucleophilic attack of an anionic species onto a partially polarity-reversed MCP was realized by treating a neighbouring carboxylic ester tethered to the MCP and amine with KHMDS to realize an umpolung ring opening of the MCP. This work established an operationally convenient protocol for the rapid construction of isoquinolinone frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Zhao Wei
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Min Shi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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33
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Xiao X, Yu ZX. Co-Catalyzed Asymmetric Intramolecular [3+2] Cycloaddition of Yne-Alkylidenecyclopropanes and its Reaction Mechanism. Chemistry 2021; 27:7176-7182. [PMID: 33554413 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Developing new transition metal-catalyzed asymmetric cycloadditions for the synthesis of five-membered carbocycles (FMCs) is a research frontier in reaction development due to the ubiquitous presence of chiral FMCs in various functional molecules. Reported here is our discovery of a highly enantioselective intramolecular [3+2] cycloaddition of yne-alkylidenecyclopropanes (yne-ACPs) to bicyclo[3.3.0]octadiene and bicyclo[4.3.0]nonadiene molecules using a cheap Co catalyst and commercially available chiral ligand (S)-Xyl-BINAP. This reaction avoids the use of precious Pd and Rh catalysts, which are usually the choices for [3+2] reactions with ACPs. The enantiomeric excess in the present reaction can be up to 92 %. Cationic cobalt(I) species was suggested by experiments as the catalytic species. DFT calculations showed that this [3+2] reaction starts with oxidative cyclometallation of alkyne and ACP, followed by ring opening of the cyclopropyl (CP) group and reductive elimination to form the cycloadduct. This mechanism is different from previous [3+2] reactions of ACPs, which usually start from CP cleavage, not from oxidative cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular, Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular, Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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34
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Ghosh K, Das S. Recent advances in ring-opening of donor acceptor cyclopropanes using C-nucleophiles. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:965-982. [PMID: 33471020 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02437f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ring-opening transformations of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes (DAC) with carbon-centered nucleophiles is a simple, straight-forward approach to 1,3-bifunctional compounds that has witnessed remarkable progress over the past several years. To date, different reactivity patterns of DACs have been successfully exploited in racemic/stereoselective syntheses of various acyclic compounds or carbocycles with an impressive structural diversity. The thriving strategies have been successfully utilized in multistep synthesis of complex target molecules. Herein, the recent advances (2015-present) in the ring-opening of DAC involving electron rich arenes and indoles, active methylene compounds, various dipolarophiles, organoborates/boronates, vinyl ethers etc. following Friedel-Crafts alkylation, annulation/formal cycloaddition reaction, organocatalytic reaction, Nazarov cyclisation etc. are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koena Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700 073, India.
| | - Subhomoy Das
- Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
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35
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Da Concepción E, Fernández I, Mascareñas JL, López F. Highly Enantioselective Cobalt-Catalyzed (3+2) Cycloadditions of Alkynylidenecyclopropanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8182-8188. [PMID: 33464693 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Low-valent cobalt complexes equipped with chiral ligands can efficiently promote highly enantioselective (3+2) cycloadditions of alkyne-tethered alkylidenecyclopropanes. The annulation allows to assemble bicyclic systems containing five-membered rings in good yields and with excellent enantiomeric ratios. We also present a mechanistic discussion based on experimental and computational data, which support the involvement of CoI /CoIII catalytic cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Da Concepción
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Mascareñas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Fernando López
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Misión Biológica de Galicia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 36080, Pontevedra, Spain
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36
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Da Concepción E, Fernández I, Mascareñas JL, López F. Highly Enantioselective Cobalt‐Catalyzed (3+2) Cycloadditions of Alkynylidenecyclopropanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Da Concepción
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - José L. Mascareñas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Fernando López
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
- Misión Biológica de Galicia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) 36080 Pontevedra Spain
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37
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A straightforward route to alkyl
5‐arylthiophene
‐2‐thiocarboxylates from alkyl
2‐aroyl
‐1‐chlorocyclopropanecarboxylates. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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38
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Shao J, Luo Q, Bi H, Wang SR. Cooperation of Cis Vicinal Acceptors for Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropane Activation: TfOH-Promoted Ring-Opening/Aryl Shift Rearrangement to 3- and 5-Ylidenebutenolides. Org Lett 2021; 23:459-463. [PMID: 33399000 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A convenient route to 3- and 5-ylidenebutenolides from readily available cis-2-acylcyclopropane-1-carboxylates is described. Upon exposure to TfOH, synergistic activation of the vicinal acceptors in cis-2-acylcyclopropane-1-carboxylates generates highly strained bicyclic oxocarbenium ion intermediates, which undergo the ring-opening/aryl shift/deprotonation cascade process to form the 3- or 5-ylidenebutenolides depending on the acyl group. On the other hand, the corresponding trans isomers, from which it is difficult to form such oxocarbenium ions, are inactive under the same conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiru Shao
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Lu, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qinyuan Luo
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Lu, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hongyan Bi
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Lu, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Sunewang R Wang
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Lu, Shanghai 200241, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Lu, Shanghai 200062, China
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39
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Liu J, Wei Y, Shi M. Mechanistic Studies on Propargyl
Alcohol‐Tethered
Alkylidenecyclopropane with Aryldiazonium Salt Initiated by Visible Light. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518000 China
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40
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Liu J, Wei Y, Shi M. Visible light mediated synthesis of 4-aryl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene derivatives via single-electron oxidation or MHAT from methylenecyclopropanes. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00853b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A new synthetic strategy of a single-electron oxidation and MHAT of methylenecyclopropanes (MCPs) for the rapid construction of 4-aryl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene derivatives by merging photoredox catalysis and cobalt catalysis has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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41
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Caillé J, Robiette R. Cycloaddition of cyclopropanes for the elaboration of medium-sized carbocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:5702-5724. [PMID: 34114583 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00838b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The stereocontrolled formation of medium-sized carbocycles is a major goal in modern organic chemistry due to their widespread occurrence in natural products and pharmaceutically active ingredients. One approach consists in the use of cycloaddition reactions which notably results in high selectivities and atom-economy. To this end, cyclopropanes are ideal substrates since they can provide readily functionalized three- or five-carbon synthons. Herein we report advances made in cycloaddition reactions of cyclopropanes towards the synthesis of medium-sized carbocycles via transition metal catalysis or Lewis acid catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Caillé
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur 1 box L4.01.02, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. and Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris Est (ICMPE), UMR-CNRS 7182, Université Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France.
| | - Raphaël Robiette
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur 1 box L4.01.02, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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42
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Manel A, Berreur J, Leroux FR, Panossian A. Electrophilic fluorosulfoxonium cations as hidden Brønsted acid catalysts in ( n + 2) annulations of strained cycloalkanes. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00840d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A fluorosulfoxonium cation and triflic acid were shown to promote (n + 2) annulations of donor–acceptor cyclopropanes or -butanes with 1,2-dipoles, with different activity and selectivity but a presumed similar role as (hidden) Brønsted acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustin Manel
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jordan Berreur
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Frédéric R. Leroux
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Armen Panossian
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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43
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Zhu B, Wang Z, Xi H, Feng Z, Wang B, Jiao W, Li Z, Wang Z, Wu J. Visible-light-promoted divergent functionalizations of methylenecyclopropanes. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01187a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Visible-light-induced monofunctionalization and difunctionalization of MCPs via ring-opening and cyclization processes have been developed for the syntheses of difluoromethyl compounds, alkyl compounds, halides, and sulfonyl compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoxiang Zhu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Hui Xi
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Company, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Zengqiang Feng
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Binglei Wang
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Wenyang Jiao
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Zhongxian Li
- High & New Technology Research Center, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, P.R. China
| | - Zechao Wang
- Division of Molecular Catalysis & Synthesis, Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Junliang Wu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
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44
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Deng YH, Chu WD, Shang YH, Yu KY, Jia ZL, Fan CA. P(NMe2)3-Mediated Umpolung Spirocyclopropanation Reaction of p-Quinone Methides: Diastereoselective Synthesis of Spirocyclopropane-Cyclohexadienones. Org Lett 2020; 22:8376-8381. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hua Deng
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Research & Development Center for Natural Products, and School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, No. 2 Cuihu North Road, Kunming 650091, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wen-Dao Chu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, No. 1 Shida Road, Nanchong 637002, China
| | - Yun-Han Shang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Research & Development Center for Natural Products, and School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, No. 2 Cuihu North Road, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Ke-Yin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhi-Long Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chun-An Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
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45
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Pirenne V, Muriel B, Waser J. Catalytic Enantioselective Ring-Opening Reactions of Cyclopropanes. Chem Rev 2020; 121:227-263. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Pirenne
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bastian Muriel
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jerome Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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46
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Suleymanov AA, Le Du E, Dong Z, Muriel B, Scopelliti R, Fadaei-Tirani F, Waser J, Severin K. Triazene-Activated Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropanes: Ring-Opening and (3 + 2) Annulation Reactions. Org Lett 2020; 22:4517-4522. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdusalom A. Suleymanov
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eliott Le Du
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zhaowen Dong
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bastian Muriel
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei-Tirani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Waser
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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47
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Mikhaylov AA, Kuleshov AV, Solyev PN, Korlyukov AA, Dorovatovskii PV, Mineev KS, Baranov MS. Imidazol-5-one as an Acceptor in Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes: Cycloaddition with Aldehydes. Org Lett 2020; 22:2740-2745. [PMID: 32186194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Spiro[imidazol-5-one-4,1'-cyclopropanes] behave as donor-acceptor (D-A) cyclopropanes in a formal cycloaddition reaction with aldehydes. The activation of such type of cyclopropanes is achieved with an equivalent of Brønsted acid. The reaction proceeds in high yields of 51-92% and demonstrates moderate diastereoselectivity at the quaternary stereocenter, which is determined by the electron-donating nature of the aldehyde partner. The ease of separation of stereoisomers allowed the creation of a library of 44 spiroannulated tetrahydrofurans with various substitution patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A Mikhaylov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Andrei V Kuleshov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow 117997, Russia.,Chemistry Department, Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskiye Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Pavel N Solyev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilova Street, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexander A Korlyukov
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, 28 Vavilova Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Pavel V Dorovatovskii
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 1, Akademika Kurchatova Place, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Konstantin S Mineev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Mikhail S Baranov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow 117997, Russia.,Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1 Ostrovitianov Streer, Moscow 117997, Russia
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48
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Liu J, Li Q, Wei Y, Shi M. Visible Light Induced Cyclization to Spirobi[indene] Skeletons from Functionalized Alkylidienecyclopropanes. Org Lett 2020; 22:2494-2499. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Quanzhe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
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49
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Mato M, García-Morales C, Echavarren AM. Synthesis of Trienes by Rhodium-Catalyzed Assembly and Disassembly of Non-Acceptor Cyclopropanes. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Mato
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Cristina García-Morales
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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50
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Chen M, Wei Y, Shi M. Cascade cyclization reactions of alkylidenecyclopropanes for the construction of polycyclic lactams and lactones by visible light photoredox catalysis. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01360a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A facile method for the synthesis of seven- and eight-membered ring-containing polycyclic lactams and lactones by visible light photocatalysis has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mintao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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