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Lan Y, Han Q, Liao P, Chen R, Fan F, Zhao X, Liu W. Nickel-Catalyzed Enantioselective C(sp 3)-C(sp 3) Cross-Electrophile Coupling of N-Sulfonyl Styrenyl Aziridines with Alkyl Bromides. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:25426-25432. [PMID: 39231321 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c08435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the first example of a highly enantioselective alkylative aziridine ring opening. Under the catalysis of a chiral nickel/pyridine-imidazoline complex, asymmetric C(sp3)-C(sp3) cross-electrophile coupling between racemic N-sulfonyl styrenyl aziridines and readily available primary alkyl bromides furnishes a variety of highly enantioenriched phenethylamine derivatives with complete regiocontrol and good functional group tolerance. Preliminary mechanistic studies support a reaction pathway consisting of regioselective iodolysis of aziridines in situ and subsequent enantioconvergent coupling of the generated β-amino benzyl iodides with alkyl bromides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Yuansi Standard Science and Technology Co., Ltd., 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoying Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Yuansi Standard Science and Technology Co., Ltd., 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingyong Liao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Yuansi Standard Science and Technology Co., Ltd., 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruijia Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Yuansi Standard Science and Technology Co., Ltd., 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Yuansi Standard Science and Technology Co., Ltd., 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Yuansi Standard Science and Technology Co., Ltd., 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Yuansi Standard Science and Technology Co., Ltd., 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
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Lee WCC, Zhang XP. Metalloradical Catalysis: General Approach for Controlling Reactivity and Selectivity of Homolytic Radical Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202320243. [PMID: 38472114 PMCID: PMC11097140 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202320243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Since Friedrich Wöhler's groundbreaking synthesis of urea in 1828, organic synthesis over the past two centuries has predominantly relied on the exploration and utilization of chemical reactions rooted in two-electron heterolytic ionic chemistry. While one-electron homolytic radical chemistry is both rich in fundamental reactivities and attractive with practical advantages, the synthetic application of radical reactions has been long hampered by the formidable challenges associated with the control over reactivity and selectivity of high-energy radical intermediates. To fully harness the untapped potential of radical chemistry for organic synthesis, there is a pressing need to formulate radically different concepts and broadly applicable strategies to address these outstanding issues. In pursuit of this objective, researchers have been actively developing metalloradical catalysis (MRC) as a comprehensive framework to guide the design of general approaches for controlling over reactivity and stereoselectivity of homolytic radical reactions. Essentially, MRC exploits the metal-centered radicals present in open-shell metal complexes as one-electron catalysts for homolytic activation of substrates to generate metal-entangled organic radicals as the key intermediates to govern the reaction pathway and stereochemical course of subsequent catalytic radical processes. Different from the conventional two-electron catalysis by transition metal complexes, MRC operates through one-electron chemistry utilizing stepwise radical mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Chen Cindy Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Merkert Chemistry Center, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467 (USA)
| | - X. Peter Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Merkert Chemistry Center, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467 (USA)
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