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Pedrinha VF, Santos LM, Gonçalves CP, Garcia MT, Lameira OA, Queiroga CL, Marcucci MC, Shahbazi MA, Sharma PK, Junqueira JC, Sipert CR, de Andrade FB. Effects of natural antimicrobial compounds propolis and copaiba on periodontal ligament fibroblasts, molecular docking, and in vivo study in Galleria mellonella. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116139. [PMID: 38198959 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Root canal treatment addresses infectious processes that require control. Occasionally, the radicular pulp is vital and inflamed, presenting a superficial infection. To preserve pulpal remnants, conservative procedures have gained favor, employing anti-inflammatory medications. This study investigated the effects of propolis (PRO), and copaiba oil-resin (COR) associated with hydrocortisone (H) and compared their impact to that of Otosporin® concerning cytotoxic and genotoxic activity, cytokine detection, and toxicity in the Galleria mellonella model. Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) were exposed to drug concentrations and evaluated by the MTT assay. Associations were tested from concentrations that did not compromise cell density. Genotoxicity was evaluated through micronucleus counting, while cytokines IL-6 and TGF-β1 were detected in the cell supernatant using ELISA. Molecular docking simulations were conducted, considering the major compounds identified in PRO, COR, and H. Increasing concentrations of PRO and COR were assessed for acute toxicity in Galleria mellonella model. Cellular assays were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey tests, while larval survivals were evaluated using the Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test (α = 0.05). PRO and COR promoted PDLFs proliferation, even in conjunction with H. No changes in cell metabolism were observed concerning cytokine levels. The tested materials induce the release of AT1R, proliferating the PDFLs through interactions. PRO and COR had low toxicity in larvae, suggesting safety at tested levels. These findings endorse the potential of PRO and COR in endodontics and present promising applications across medical domains, such as preventive strategies in inflammation, shedding light on their potential development into commercially available drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Feliz Pedrinha
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (FOB - USP), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology (BBT), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Letícia Martins Santos
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (FO-USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maíra Terra Garcia
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Carmen Lucia Queiroga
- State University of Campinas, CPQBA, Division of Phytochemistry, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Marcucci
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology (BBT), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Prashant Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology (BBT), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Juliana Campos Junqueira
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Renata Sipert
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (FO-USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flaviana Bombarda de Andrade
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (FOB - USP), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
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Gioster-Ramos ML, Pedrinha VF, Barros MC, Bezerra RM, Andrade FB, Kuga MC, Vaz LG. Antimicrobial effect of Pentaclethra Macroloba plant extract against Enterococcus Faecalis. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e272095. [PMID: 38055574 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.272095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the antimicrobial efficacy of a new intracanal drug based on Pentaclethra macroloba extract, a plant of Amazonian origin, against Enterococcus faecalis using macrodilution test and intratubular evaluation with Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the pure extract of Pentaclethra macroloba andits association with calcium hydroxide and ultracall were determined. Then, thirty-three dentin cylinders were prepared and inoculated with E. faecalis, to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of the medications on the dentinal tubules with CLSM. The data was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests. The extract in association with calcium hydroxide showed a lower CBM, and in the intratubular test all tested medications were effective against E. faecalis (P >0.05). The new intracanal drug based on P. macroloba extract has an antimicrobial effect against E. faecalis and further studies are needed for its clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Gioster-Ramos
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Materiais Odontológicos e Prótese, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - V F Pedrinha
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Dentística, Endodontia e Materiais Odontológicos, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | - M C Barros
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Dentística, Endodontia e Materiais Odontológicos, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | - R M Bezerra
- Universidade Federal do Amapá - UNIFAP, Laboratório de Bioprospecção e Absorção Atômica, Macapá, AP, Brasil
| | - F B Andrade
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Dentística, Endodontia e Materiais Odontológicos, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | - M C Kuga
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - L G Vaz
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Materiais Odontológicos e Prótese, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
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Zheng X, Al Naggar Y, Wu Y, Liu D, Hu Y, Wang K, Jin X, Peng W. Untargeted metabolomics description of propolis's in vitro antibacterial mechanisms against Clostridium perfringens. Food Chem 2023; 406:135061. [PMID: 36481515 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Propolis is a natural resinous substance that is collected by honeybees (Apis mellifera) with promising antibacterial effects. Here, we examined the antibacterial activity of Chinese propolis against Clostridium perfringens, a bacterial pathogen that threatens food safety and causes intestinal erosion. The inhibitory effects of the ethanolic extract of Chinese propolis (CPE) on human-associated C. perfringens strains were determined by using the circle of inhibition, the minimum inhibitory concentrations, and bactericidal concentrations. CPE also induced morphological elongation, bacterial cell wall damage, and intracellular material leakage in C. perfringens. Untargeted HPLC-qTOF-MS-based metabolomics analysis of the bacterial metabolic compounds revealed that propolis triggered glycerophospholipid metabolism, one carbon pool by folate, and d-glutamine and d-glutamate metabolism alterations in C. perfringens. Finally, caffeic acid phenethyl ester was identified as the key active ingredient in CPE. This study suggested the usage of propolis as an alternative to antibiotics in controlling C. perfringens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China; Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yahya Al Naggar
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; General Zoology, Institute for Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 8, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Yuchen Wu
- Shanghai High School International Division (SHSID), Shanghai 200231, China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongfei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Xiaolu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Wenjun Peng
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
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The Vehicles of Calcium Hydroxide Pastes Interfere with Antimicrobial Effect, Biofilm Polysaccharidic Matrix, and Pastes' Physicochemical Properties. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123123. [PMID: 36551879 PMCID: PMC9775961 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the pH, volumetric alteration, antimicrobial action, and effect on biofilm matrix polysaccharides of calcium hydroxide (CH) pastes with different vehicles available in endodontics: CH + propylene glycol (CHP), UltraCal XS®, Metapaste®, and Metapex®. The pH was analyzed at different time intervals using a pH meter. For volumetric alteration, a microtomographic assay was performed before and after immersion in water. Enterococcus faecalis was chosen for microbiological tests. The bacterial viability and extracellular matrix were quantified with direct contact evaluation (dentin blocks) and at the intratubular level (dentin cylinders) using LIVE/DEAD BacLight and Calcofluor White dyes via confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests were used to analyze pH and direct contact assays, while one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests were used to analyze volumetric alteration and intratubular decontamination (α = 0.05). Higher pH values were obtained during the initial days. Volumetric alterations were similar in all groups. Lower bacterial viability was obtained for dentin blocks and cylinders when CH pastes were used. UltraCal XS and Metapex had lower values for the extracellular matrix. The pH of all CH pastes decreased with time and did not promote medium alkalization for up to 30 days. CH paste can reduce bacterial viability through direct contact and at an intratubular level; however, UltraCal XS and Metapex are involved with lower volumes of extracellular matrices.
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Chemical Characterization and Cytotoxic/Antibacterial Effects of Nine Iranian Propolis Extracts on Human Fibroblast Cells and Oral Bacteria. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6574997. [PMID: 35434137 PMCID: PMC9007675 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6574997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Multimicrobial infections caused by pathobionts are called dysbiotic multimicrobial illnesses. Commercial mouthwashes, such as chlorhexidine, have negative side effects that can prevent tooth decay and infection. The present study aimed to determine the antifungal, antibacterial, and cytotoxicity characteristics of the propolis extracts from different areas (Iran). The ethanolic extract of propolis was prepared. GC/MS carried out the characterization to determine the thymol, carvacrol, and menthol extracts, and also, total phenol and flavonoid were assed for all samples. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects were evaluated against S. mutans, S. mitis, S. salivarius, L. acidophilus, E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans. The cytotoxic effect of extracts was measured on human fibroblast cells by MTT test. The MIC values in mg mL−1 were ranged as follows: S. salivarius (0.003 to 0.048), S. mutans (0.003 to 0.029), S. mitis (0.007 to 0.058), L. acidophilus (0.007 to 0.117), C. albicans (0.014 to 0.234), E. coli (0.007 to 0.058), and S. aureus (0.007 to 0.058), while MBC were, respectively, S. mutans (0.007 to 0.058), S. salivarius (0.007 to 0.117), S. mitis (0.007 to 0.117), L. acidophilus (0.014 to 0.234), C. albicans (0.029 to 0.468), E. coli (0.014 to 0.234), and S. aureus (0.007 to 0.117). Cariogenic bacteria and Candida albicans were demonstrated to be resistant to propolis extracts. Therefore, propolis extracts may make good mouthwashes.
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RojaRamya KS, Chandrasekhar R, Uloopi KS, Vinay C. Treatment Outcomes of Pulpotomy with Propolis in Comparison with MTA in Human Primary Molars: A 24-month Follow-up Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022; 15:S3-S7. [PMID: 35645503 PMCID: PMC9108812 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim and objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of propolis as pulpotomy medicament in human primary molars. Materials and methods This randomized controlled trial is a two-arm, parallel group study with blinded outcome assessment. The study included a total of 60 primary molars that require pulpotomy treatment in 4- 8-year old children. Teeth were assigned to two groups randomly: Propolis (Test group); Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) (Control group). All the pulpotomized teeth were given stainless steel crowns and the teeth were evaluated clinically and radiographically at 6, 12, and 24 months to grade them as either success or failure. Chi-square test was employed to analyze the data. Results Success rates of pulpotomy with propolis and MTA were 80% and 93.1% respectively at 24 months of follow-up interval. Propolis has shown success rates of 90% and 80% at 6- and 12-month follow-up, while MTA has shown a consistent success rate of 93.1% at all the follow-up intervals. The difference in success rate between the groups at all the time intervals is statistically nonsignificant. Conclusion Propolis has demonstrated a clinically acceptable success rate comparable to MTA as pulpotomy medicament in primary teeth. Clinical significance Biocompatible materials with regenerative potential have drawn the momentum in vital pulp therapy. In this regard, MTA has been emerged as most successful material, but its high cost has limited its use. Hence, there is an absolute need of cost-effective pulpotomy material with regenerative potential. This study provides an evidence that propolis has clinically acceptable success rate as pulpotomy medicament. Considering its low cost and ready availability, it can be recommended as a cost-effective alternative for primary teeth pulpotomy. How to cite this article RojaRamya KS, Chandrasekhar R, Uloopi KS, et al. Treatment Outcomes of Pulpotomy with Propolis in Comparison with MTA in Human Primary Molars: A 24-month Follow-up Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(S-1):S3-S7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kakarla Sri RojaRamya
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Kakarla Sri RojaRamya, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India, Phone: +91 8985774540, e-mail:
| | - Rayala Chandrasekhar
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - KS Uloopi
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - C Vinay
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Parolia A, Bapat RA, Chaubal T, Yang HJ, Panda S, Mohan M, Sahebkar A, Kesharwani P. Recent update on application of propolis as an adjuvant natural medication in management of gum diseases and drug delivery approaches. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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de Andrade FB, da Silva Munhoz Vasconcelos LR, Pereira TC, Garcia RB, Bramante CM, Duarte MAH. Ultrasonic agitation reduces the time of calcium hydroxide antimicrobial effect and enhances its penetrability. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2021; 32:150. [PMID: 34874480 PMCID: PMC8651585 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06607-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of the present work was to evaluate the ultrasonic agitation, time and vehicle (propylene glycol or distilled water) on the antimicrobial potential and penetrability of calcium hydroxide pastes on infected dentin by means of Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) and microbiological culture (MC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Dentin specimens were infected with Enterococcus faecalis using a new contamination protocol of 5 days. The specimens were divided into eight groups and dressed with the pastes for 7 or 15 days: G1) calcium hydroxide (CH) + propylene glycol (prop)/7 days (d), G2) CH + prop/7d + ultrasonic agitation (U), G3) CH + distilled water (dw)/7d, G4) CH + dw/7d + U, G5) CH + prop/15d, G6) CH + prop/15d + U, G7) CH + dw/15d, G8) CH + dw/15d + U. The ultrasonic activation was made for 1 min in both directions with a plain point insert. After medications removal, the images obtained by CLSM showed the viable (green) and dead (red) bacteria with Live and Dead dye. By the MC, the dentinal wall debris obtained by burs were collected for colony counts. For the penetration test, the Rodamine B dye was added to the CH pastes and analyzed by CLSM. RESULTS The 7 and 15-days CH + prop+U pastes performed better antimicrobial efficacy, followed by the CH + dw+U/15d paste. CONCLUSIONS All pastes demonstrated better penetration and antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis when agitated with ultrasound, even in periods of up to seven days. The propylene glycol vehicle showed better results. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Agitation of the dressing that remains for less time inside the root canal can optimize the decontamination of endodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flaviana Bombarda de Andrade
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Thais Cristina Pereira
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberto Brandão Garcia
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Clóvis Monteiro Bramante
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco Antônio Hungaro Duarte
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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de Meneses IHC, de Morais Sampaio GA, Vieira RA, da Silva Campos MJ, Alves PM, Pithon MM, Lacerda-Santos R. Effect of Yellow Propolis on Biocompatibility of Cements: Morphological and Immunohistochemistry Analysis. Eur J Dent 2021; 16:130-136. [PMID: 34428843 PMCID: PMC8890933 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective
The focus of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of ionomer cements modified with ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) in different concentrations and time intervals.
Materials and Methods
In total, one hundred and thirty-five male Wistar rats were randomized into nine groups: Control, Groups Meron, and Groups Ketac (conventional, and added with 10, 25, 50% EEP, respectively). Histological analyses of inflammatory infiltrate and collagen fibers, and immunohistochemistry of CD68+ for macrophages (MOs) and multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) were performed.
Statistical Analysis
Data were analyzed using the Kruskal—Wallis and Dunn (
p
< 0.05) tests.
Results
Intense inflammatory infiltrate was demonstrated in the cements with 10% EEP at 7 days and 15 days (
p
< 0.05), only Group Ketac 10% EEP (
p
= 0.01) at 30 days. A smaller quantity of collagen fibers was observed in the cements with 10% EEP (
p
= 0.01) at 7 days, and Group Meron 10% EEP (
p
= 0.04) at 15 days. MOs and MGCs showed significant difference for the cements with 10% EEP (
p
= 0.01) at 7 and 15 days. At 30 days, MOs persisted in the Groups with 10% EEP.
Conclusions
The concentration of 10% EEP had the greatest influence on the inflammatory and tissue repair processes. The concentrations of 25 and 50% EEP demonstrated biocompatibility similar to that of cements that did not receive EEP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rayssa Amaral Vieira
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Márcio José da Silva Campos
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Polliana Muniz Alves
- Department of Pathology, Dental School, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Matheus Melo Pithon
- Department of Orthodontics, State University of the Southwest of Bahia, Jéquie, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Rogério Lacerda-Santos
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Cunha Neto MAD, Coêlho JDA, Pinto KP, Cuellar MRC, Marcucci MC, Silva EJNL, Andrade FBD, Sassone LM. Antibacterial Efficacy of Triple Antibiotic Medication With Macrogol (3Mix-MP), Traditional Triple Antibiotic Paste, Calcium Hydroxide, and Ethanol Extract of Propolis: An Intratubular Dentin Ex Vivo Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopic Study. J Endod 2021; 47:1609-1616. [PMID: 34310981 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2021.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of antibacterial activity of medications used in regenerative endodontic treatment. METHODS Sixty-seven dentin cylinders of single-rooted teeth were contaminated with a culture of Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212; American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, VA) for 5 days. Samples were divided into 1 control group and the following experimental groups according to the medication applied: traditional triple antibiotic paste (TAP), clindamycin-modified TAP (mTAP), triple antibiotic medication with macrogol (3Mix-MP), clindamycin-modified 3Mix-MP (m3Mix-MP), calcium hydroxide (CH), and ethanol extract of propolis (EEP). After 14 days, the medications were removed, and the samples were submitted to confocal laser scanning microscopic analysis to quantify the percentage of viable bacteria. The distribution of data was confirmed by the Shapiro-Wilk test. The Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests were used for intergroup comparisons, and the Wilcoxon test was used for comparison between superficial and deep antibacterial efficacy for the same medication. The level of significance was set at P < .05. RESULTS 3Mix-MP and m3Mix-MP presented significantly higher antibacterial efficacy compared with the other tested medications (P < .05), except for mTAP. mTAP was more effective than TAP (P < .05). The antibacterial efficacy of EEP and CH did not differ significantly from TAP and mTAP (P > .05). All medications showed effective antibacterial action compared with the control group (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS 3Mix-MP and m3Mix-MP, which present extremely high concentrations of antibiotics (1500 mg/mL), were not more effective than mTAP at the concentration recommended by the American Association of Endodontists (5 mg/mL). Moreover, CH and EEP were as effective as TAP and mTAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angelo da Cunha Neto
- PROCLIN Department, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jéssica de Almeida Coêlho
- Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials Department, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karem Paula Pinto
- PROCLIN Department, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maricel Rosário Cardenas Cuellar
- Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials Department, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Marcucci
- Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis Department, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Flaviana Bombarda de Andrade
- Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials Department, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Moura Sassone
- PROCLIN Department, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Ismail IH, Al-Bayaty FH, Yusof EM, Gulam Khan HBS, Hamka FA, Azmi NA. Evaluation of antimicrobial effect of Malaysian geopropolis with Aloe vera against Enterococcus faecalis to be used as an intracanal medicament in endodontics. J Conserv Dent 2021; 23:489-496. [PMID: 33911359 PMCID: PMC8066667 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_528_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Enterococcus faecalis can be found in failed endodontic treatment (FET) even after performing primary endodontic treatment (PET). Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) cannot fully eliminate this microorganism during PET. Brazilian green propolis (bee glue) was found to be more effective against E. faecalis when compared to Ca(OH)2. A much less studied Malaysian geopropolis (MP) as well as Aloe vera (AV) is antibacterial but is unknown against E. faecalis. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the antimicrobial effects of MP, AV, and MP + AV in comparison with Ca(OH)2 against E. faecalis, as an intracanal medicament. Materials and Methods: Antimicrobial activity of MP, AV, MP + AV, Ca(OH)2, and dimethyl sulfoxide was tested against E. faecalis using antimicrobial sensitivity testing, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The results were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis test with Mann–Whitney post hoc test and repeated measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc test (P < 0.05). Results: For agar well-diffusion method, MP + AV gave maximum inhibition zone diameter (mean: 8.11 ± 0.015 mm), MP (mean: 6.21 ± 0.046 mm, Ca(OH)2 (mean: 5.5 ± 0.006), and AV (mean: 5.05 ± 0.012) with P < 0.05. MIC for MP + AV was 2 mg/ml, MP at 8 mg/ml, Ca(OH)2 at 8 mg/ml, and AV at 16 mg/ml. The MBC for MP + AV is at 4 mg/ml, MP at 16 mg/ml, Ca(OH)2 at 16 mg/ml, and AV at 32 mg/ml. Conclusion: The combination of MP and AV consistently showed better antimicrobial activity compared to MP and AV alone against E. faecalis. The findings suggest that MP and AV used in combination may be an ideal intracanal medicament in FET and PET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikmal Hisham Ismail
- Centre for Comprehensive Care Studies UiTM, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fouad Hussain Al-Bayaty
- Centre for Periodontology Studies UiTM, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Eleena Mohd Yusof
- Centre for Restorative Dentistry Studies UiTM, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Farah Aminah Hamka
- Undergraduate Students, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Amirah Azmi
- Undergraduate Students, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor, Malaysia
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12
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Zulhendri F, Felitti R, Fearnley J, Ravalia M. The use of propolis in dentistry, oral health, and medicine: A review. J Oral Biosci 2021; 63:23-34. [PMID: 33465498 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propolis is a resinous product that is collected from plants by bees to cover holes and crevices in their hives. Propolis has potent antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and anticancer properties. Propolis has been used therapeutically by humans for centuries, including the treatment of dental caries and mouth infections. HIGHLIGHT This review article attempts to analyze the potential use of propolis in general dentistry and oral health management. CONCLUSION Propolis is potentially useful in dentistry and oral health management based on available in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo studies, as well as human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael Felitti
- Oral Rehabilitation and Prosthodontics, Private Practice, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - James Fearnley
- Apiceutical Research Centre, NorthYorkshire, United Kingdom.
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13
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RojaRamya KS, Vinay C, Uloopi KS, Chandrasekhar R. In vivo evaluation of zinc oxide-propolis mixture as root canal filling material in the primary molars: A 24-month follow-up randomized controlled trial. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2020; 38:171-176. [PMID: 32611864 DOI: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_127_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulpectomy is a routine practice in children with pulpal and periapical infections, the success of which depends on the elimination of bacteria from the root canals. Propolis, a natural product with proven antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties when mixed with zinc oxide powder as root canal filling material, it could provide good success in endodontic therapy of primary teeth. AIM The aim was to evaluate and compare the clinical effectiveness of zinc oxide-propolis mixture with zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) as root canal filling material in nonvital primary molars. SETTINGS AND DESIGN This was a 2-arm, parallel group randomized controlled trial with blinded outcome assessment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty primary molars from children aged 4-8 years requiring pulpectomy treatment were randomly allocated into two groups according to the obturating material used: zinc oxide-propolis mixture (test group) and ZOE (control group). All the pulpectomy treated teeth were finally restored with stainless steel crowns, and the children were recalled at 6, 12, and 24 months for postoperative clinical and radiographic evaluation. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Chi-square test was used to analyze the data. RESULTS The overall success rate of pulpectomy with zinc oxide-propolis mixture and ZOE was found to be 95% and 70%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.037). Zinc oxide-propolis mixture has shown a success rate of 100% at 6 months and 95% at 12 and 24 months follow-up, whereas ZOE has shown 80% success rate at 6 and 12 months, and it declined to 70% at 24-month follow-up. CONCLUSION Zinc oxide-propolis mixture demonstrated good clinical and radiographic success at the end of 24 months, and hence, it can be considered as an alternate root canal filling material in the primary teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kakarla Sri RojaRamya
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - C Vinay
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - K S Uloopi
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rayala Chandrasekhar
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
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14
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Abusrewil S, Alshanta OA, Albashaireh K, Alqahtani S, Nile CJ, Scott JA, McLean W. Detection, treatment and prevention of endodontic biofilm infections: what's new in 2020? Crit Rev Microbiol 2020; 46:194-212. [PMID: 32233822 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2020.1739622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endodontic disease, a biofilm infection of the root canal space, is a significant cause of dental morbidity worldwide. Endodontic treatment, or root canal treatment, as it is commonly known is founded on the ability to eradicate microbial biofilm infection and prevent re-infection of the highly complex root canal space. Despite many "advances" in clinical endodontics we have seen little improvement in outcomes. The aim of this critical review paper is to provide a contemporary view of endodontic microbiology and biofilm polymicrobiality, provide an understanding of the host response, and how together these impact upon clinical treatment. Ultimately, it is intended to provide insight into novel opportunities and strategies for the future diagnostics, treatment, and prevention of endodontic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaya Abusrewil
- Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Om Alkhir Alshanta
- Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Khawlah Albashaireh
- Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Saeed Alqahtani
- Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Christopher J Nile
- School of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - James Alun Scott
- Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - William McLean
- Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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15
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Meneses IHCD, Sampaio GADM, Carvalho FGD, Carlo HL, Münchow EA, Pithon MM, Alves PM, Lacerda-Santos R. In Vivo Biocompatibility, Mechanical, and Antibacterial Properties of Cements Modified with Propolis in Different Concentrations. Eur J Dent 2020; 14:77-84. [PMID: 32168534 PMCID: PMC7079564 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1702255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives
The focus of this triple-blind randomized study was to evaluate the mechanical properties, antibacterial effect, and
in vivo
biocompatibility of glass ionomer cements (GICs) modified with ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP).
Materials and Methods
For biocompatibility tests, 135 male Wistar rats were used and divided into nine groups: Group C (control, polyethylene), Groups M, M10, M25, M50 (Meron; conventional, and modified with 10%, 25%, 50% EEP, respectively), Groups KC, KC10, KC25, KC50 (Ketac Cem; conventional, and modified with 10%, 25%, 50% EEP, respectively). The tissues were analyzed under an optical microscope for different cellular events in different time intervals. Shear bond strength test (SBST) on cementation of metal matrices (
n
= 10, per group), adhesive remnant index (ARI) in bovine incisors (
n
= 10, per group), and antibacterial properties by the agar diffusion test (
n
= 15, per group) were analyzed.
Statistical Analysis
Data were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn, and one-way analysis of variance test followed by Tukey’s test (
p
< 0.5).
Results
Morphological evaluation demonstrated intense inflammatory infiltrate in Groups M10 and KC10 in the time intervals of 7 (
p
= 0.001) and 15 (
p
= 0.006) days. Multinucleated giant cells were shown to be more present in Group M1, with statistical difference from Control and KC50 Groups in the time interval of 7 days (
p
= 0.033). The SBST showed no statistical significance among the groups (
p
> 0.05). Antibacterial property showed a statistically significant difference between Meron and Meron 50%-EEP Groups, and between Ketac and Ketac 50%-EPP Groups (
p
= 0.001).
Conclusions
The intensity of histological changes resulting from the cements was shown to be inversely proportional to the concentration of propolis added; Ketac 50%-EPP was the concentration that had the most favorable biocompatibility results. Addition of EEP to GIC did not negatively change the SBST and ARI. Antibacterial property demonstrated a concentration-dependent effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gêisa Aiane de Morais Sampaio
- Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Fabiola Galbiatti de Carvalho
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Hugo Lemes Carlo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eliseu Aldrighi Münchow
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Matheus Melo Pithon
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Orthodontics, State University of the Southwest of Bahia, Jéquie, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Polliana Muniz Alves
- Department of Pathology, Dental School, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Rogério Lacerda-Santos
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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16
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Ehlinger C, Dartevelle P, Zaet A, Kurashige Y, Haïkel Y, Metz-Boutigue MH, Marban C. A New Combination with D-Cateslytin to Eradicate Root Canal Pathogens. Int J Pept Res Ther 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-019-09911-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Przybyłek I, Karpiński TM. Antibacterial Properties of Propolis. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24112047. [PMID: 31146392 PMCID: PMC6600457 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Researchers are continuing to discover all the properties of propolis due to its complex composition and associated broad spectrum of activities. This review aims to characterize the latest scientific reports in the field of antibacterial activity of this substance. The results of studies on the influence of propolis on more than 600 bacterial strains were analyzed. The greater activity of propolis against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative was confirmed. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of propolis from different regions of the world was compared. As a result, high activity of propolis from the Middle East was found in relation to both, Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) strains. Simultaneously, the lowest activity was demonstrated for propolis samples from Germany, Ireland and Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Przybyłek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Wieniawskiego 3, 61-712 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Tomasz M Karpiński
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Wieniawskiego 3, 61-712 Poznań, Poland.
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18
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Martins ML, Leite KLDF, Pacheco-Filho EF, Pereira AFDM, Romanos MTV, Maia LC, Fonseca-Gonçalves A, Padilha WWN, Cavalcanti YW. Efficacy of red propolis hydro-alcoholic extract in controlling Streptococcus mutans biofilm build-up and dental enamel demineralization. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 93:56-65. [PMID: 29807235 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The efficacy of a red propolis hydro-alcoholic extract (RP) in controlling Streptococcus mutans biofilm colonization was evaluated. The effect of RP on dental demineralization was also investigated. METHODS Chemical composition was determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Minimum Inhibitory and Bactericidal Concentration (MIC and MBC, respectively) were investigated against Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175). The cytotoxic potential of 3% RP in oral fibroblasts was observed after 1 and 3 min. Bovine dental enamel blocks (N = 24) were used for S. mutans biofilm formation (48 h), simulating 'feast or famine' episodes. Blocks/biofilms were exposed 2×/day, for 3 days, to a cariogenic challenge with sucrose 10% (5 min) and treated (1 min) with: 0.85% saline solution (negative control), 0.12% Chlorhexidine (CHX, positive control for biofilm colonization), 0.05% Sodium Fluoride (NaF, positive control to avoid demineralization) and 3% RP. Biofilms were assessed for viability (CFU/mL), and to observe the concentration of soluble and insoluble extracellular polysaccharides (SEPS and IEPS). Dental demineralization was assessed by the percentage of surface hardness loss (%SHL) and through polarized light microscopy (PLM). RESULTS The RP presented 4.0 pH and ºBrix = 4.8. The p-coumaric acid (17.2 μg/mL) and luteolin (15.23 μg/mL) were the largest contents of phenolic acids and flavonoids, respectively. MIC and MBC of RP were 293 μg/mL and 1172 μg/mL, respectively. The 3% RP showed 43% of viably cells after 1 min. Lower number (p < 0.05) of viable bacteria (CFU/mL) was observed after CHX (1.8 × 105) followed by RP (1.8 × 107) treatments. The lowest concentration (μg/CFU) of SEPS (12.6) and IEPS (25.9) was observed in CHX (p < 0.05) followed by RP (17.1 and 54.3), and both differed from the negative control (34.4 and 63.9) (p < 0.05). Considering the %SHL, all groups differed statistically (p < 0.05) from the negative control (46.6%); but NaF (13.9%), CHX (20.1%) and RP (20.7%) did not differ among them (p > 0.05). After all treatments, suggestive areas of caries lesions were observed by PLM, which were lower for CHX and NaF. CONCLUSION The 3% RP reduced S. mutans colonization, decreased concentration of extracellular polysaccharides and reduced dental enamel demineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Leonel Martins
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Dental School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Karla Lorene de França Leite
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Dental School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Teresa Villela Romanos
- Institute of Microbiology Prof. Paulo de Góes, Department of Virology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucianne Cople Maia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Dental School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andréa Fonseca-Gonçalves
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Dental School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Yuri Wanderley Cavalcanti
- Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
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Pereira TC, da Silva Munhoz Vasconcelos LR, Graeff MSZ, Ribeiro MCM, Duarte MAH, de Andrade FB. Intratubular decontamination ability and physicochemical properties of calcium hydroxide pastes. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:1253-1262. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2549-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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Smaïl‐Faugeron V, Glenny A, Courson F, Durieux P, Muller‐Bolla M, Fron Chabouis H. Pulp treatment for extensive decay in primary teeth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 5:CD003220. [PMID: 29852056 PMCID: PMC6494507 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd003220.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In children, dental caries (tooth decay) is among the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide. Pulp interventions are indicated for extensive tooth decay. Depending on the severity of the disease, three pulp treatment techniques are available: direct pulp capping, pulpotomy and pulpectomy. After treatment, the cavity is filled with a medicament. Materials commonly used include mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), calcium hydroxide, formocresol or ferric sulphate.This is an update of a Cochrane Review published in 2014 when insufficient evidence was found to clearly identify one superior pulpotomy medicament and technique. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of different pulp treatment techniques and associated medicaments for the treatment of extensive decay in primary teeth. SEARCH METHODS Cochrane Oral Health's Information Specialist searched the Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register (to 10 August 2017), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2017, Issue 7), MEDLINE Ovid (1946 to 10 August 2017), Embase Ovid (1980 to 10 August 2017) and the Web of Science (1945 to 10 August 2017). OpenGrey was searched for grey literature. The US National Institutes of Health Trials Registry (ClinicalTrials.gov) and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched for ongoing trials. No restrictions were placed on the language or date of publication when searching the electronic databases. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing interventions that combined a pulp treatment technique with a medicament or device in children with extensive decay in the dental pulp of their primary teeth. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently extracted data and assessed 'Risk of bias'. We contacted authors of RCTs for additional information when necessary. The primary outcomes were clinical failure and radiological failure, as defined in trials, at six, 12 and 24 months. We performed data synthesis with pair-wise meta-analyses using fixed-effect models. We assessed statistical heterogeneity by using I² coefficients. MAIN RESULTS We included 40 new trials bringing the total to 87 included trials (7140 randomised teeth) for this update. All were small, single-centre trials (median number of randomised teeth = 68). All trials were assessed at unclear or high risk of bias.The 87 trials examined 125 different comparisons: 75 comparisons of different medicaments or techniques for pulpotomy; 25 comparisons of different medicaments for pulpectomy; four comparisons of pulpotomy and pulpectomy; and 21 comparisons of different medicaments for direct pulp capping.The proportion of clinical failures and radiological failures was low in all trials. In many trials, there were either no clinical failures or no radiographic failures in either study arm.For pulpotomy, we assessed three comparisons as providing moderate-quality evidence. Compared with formocresol, MTA reduced both clinical and radiological failures, with a statistically significant difference at 12 months for clinical failure and at six, 12 and 24 months for radiological failure (12 trials, 740 participants). Compared with calcium hydroxide, MTA reduced both clinical and radiological failures, with statistically significant differences for clinical failure at 12 and 24 months. MTA also appeared to reduce radiological failure at six, 12 and 24 months (four trials, 150 participants) (low-quality evidence). When comparing calcium hydroxide with formocresol, there was a statistically significant difference in favour of formocresol for clinical failure at six and 12 months and radiological failure at six, 12 and 24 months (six trials (one with no failures), 332 participants).Regarding pulpectomy, we found moderate-quality evidence for two comparisons. The comparison between Metapex and zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE) paste was inconclusive, with no clear evidence of a difference between the interventions for failure at 6 or 12 months (two trials, 62 participants). Similarly inconclusive, there was no clear evidence of a difference in failure between Endoflas and ZOE (outcomes measured at 6 months; two trials, 80 participants). There was low-quality evidence of a difference in failure at 12 months that suggested ZOE paste may be better than Vitapex (calcium hydroxide/iodoform) paste (two trials, 161 participants).Regarding direct pulp capping, the small number of studies undertaking the same comparison limits any interpretation. We assessed the quality of the evidence as low or very low for all comparisons. One trial appeared to favour formocresol over calcium hydroxide; however, there are safety concerns about formocresol. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Pulp treatment for extensive decay in primary teeth is generally successful. Many included trials had no clinical or radiological failures in either trial arm, and the overall proportion of failures was low. Any future trials in this area would require a very large sample size and follow up of a minimum of one year.The evidence suggests MTA may be the most efficacious medicament to heal the root pulp after pulpotomy of a deciduous tooth. As MTA is relatively expensive, future research could be undertaken to confirm if Biodentine, enamel matrix derivative, laser treatment or Ankaferd Blood Stopper are acceptable second choices, and whether, where none of these treatments can be used, application of sodium hypochlorite is the safest option. Formocresol, though effective, has known concerns about toxicity.Regarding pulpectomy, there is no conclusive evidence that one medicament or technique is superior to another, and so the choice of medicament remains at the clinician's discretion. Research could be undertaken to confirm if ZOE paste is more effective than Vitapex and to evaluate other alternatives.Regarding direct pulp capping, the small number of studies and low quality of the evidence limited interpretation. Formocresol may be more successful than calcium hydroxide; however, given its toxicity, any future research should focus on alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violaine Smaïl‐Faugeron
- Université Paris Descartes ‐ Sorbonne Paris CitéDepartment of Dental Materials (Urb2i, EA4462)1 rue Maurice ArnouxMontrougeFrance75018
| | - Anne‐Marie Glenny
- The University of ManchesterDivision of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthJR Moore BuildingOxford RoadManchesterUKM13 9PL
| | - Frédéric Courson
- Université Paris Descartes ‐ Sorbonne Paris CitéDepartment of Dental Materials (Urb2i, EA4462)1 rue Maurice ArnouxMontrougeFrance75018
| | - Pierre Durieux
- Georges Pompidou European HospitalDepartment of Public Health and Medical Informatics20 rue LeblancParisFrance75015
| | - Michele Muller‐Bolla
- UFR Odontology, University of the Côte d’AzurDepartment of Pediatric DentistryNiceFrance06357
| | - Helene Fron Chabouis
- Université Paris Descartes ‐ Sorbonne Paris CitéDepartment of Dental Materials (Urb2i, EA4462)1 rue Maurice ArnouxMontrougeFrance75018
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Zancan RF, Canali LCF, Tartari T, Andrade FBD, Vivan RR, Duarte MAH. Do different strains of E. faecalis have the same behavior towards intracanal medications in in vitro research? Braz Oral Res 2018; 32:e46. [PMID: 29846391 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial action of different endodontic pastes against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, isolated from the urinary tract, and compare the action with E. faecalis ATCC 4083, isolated from the root canal. For this purpose, dentin blocks were infected for 21 days with both bacteria at different time-intervals to ensure there would be no cross contamination. After this period, blocks were immersed in the test medications for 7 days, according to the following groups: CH/S, CH/P, CH/CMCP, CH/CHX, CH/DAP and TAP. Images of the samples were captured with a confocal microscope and the percentage of live cells was computed by means of the Bioimage program. The ATCC 29212 strain was shown to be more resistant to CH/SS, Calen, CH/DAP, and TAP than the ATCC 4083 strain. The antimicrobial action of the medications against each strain were divergent concerning the order of susceptibility. The authors concluded that the strains behaved in a different manner: in general, those extracted from the urinary tract were more resistant to the tested medications. Therefore, when E. faecalis must be used for in vitro research in endodontics, we suggest the use of ATCC 4083 strain to obtain results that are closer to the clinical reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Fernandes Zancan
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Bauru Dental School, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Lyz Cristina Furquim Canali
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Bauru Dental School, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Talita Tartari
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Bauru Dental School, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Ricci Vivan
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Bauru Dental School, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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Imani Z, Imani Z, Basir L, Shayeste M, Abbasi Montazeri E, Rakhshan V. Antibacterial Effects of Chitosan, Formocresol and CMCP as Pulpectomy Medicament on Enterococcusfaecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcusmutans. IRANIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2018; 13:342-350. [PMID: 30083204 PMCID: PMC6064027 DOI: 10.22037/iej.v13i3.20791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During pulpectomy of primary teeth, cytotoxic medicaments such as formocresol or camphor mono-chlorophenol (CMCP) are used as medicaments. For the first time it is theorized that chitosan can substitute these traditional materials used in pulpectomy of infectious primary teeth. METHODS AND MATERIALS This preliminary in vitro study consisted of two separate phases (n=75), each of which assessed the antibacterial effects of chitosan versus formocresol and CMCP and positive/negative controls (n=15) on three bacteria types [Enterococcusfaecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcusmutans, (n=5 per subgroup)]. Phases 1 and 2 concerned respectively with 1- and 7-day effects of these materials. Bacteria were cultured and injected into sterilized canals and colonies were counted. Medicaments were applied and colonies were re-counted after 1 day of treatment (phase 1). Specimens were re-sterilized and re-randomized, and used for phase 2, in which the same procedures were performed for a 7-day period. Effects of agents on bacteria were analyzed statistically (Kruskal-Wallis α=0.05 and Mann-Whitney α=0.017). RESULTS Treatments reduced bacterial count either after 1 or 7 days (P=0.000). Their effects on different bacteria types were not significant either after 1 or 7 days (P>0.48). Antibacterial efficacies of treatments (indicated by colony reduction) were significantly different, after 7 days (P=0.045). Antibacterial efficacy of chitosan was similar to that of formocresol or CMCP, in both phases [either after 1 or 7 days of treatment (P>0.017). Formocresol and CMCP had similar efficacies in either phase (P>0.017). CONCLUSIONS This preliminary study confirmed the appropriate antibacterial efficacy of chitosan as a medicament in pulpectomy of infectious primary teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Imani
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran;
| | - Leila Basir
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran;
| | - Mohsen Shayeste
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran;
| | - Effat Abbasi Montazeri
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran;
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Khurshid Z, Naseem M, Zafar MS, Najeeb S, Zohaib S. Propolis: A natural biomaterial for dental and oral healthcare. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2017; 11:265-274. [PMID: 29354255 PMCID: PMC5768961 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2017.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of health has always emphasised on the use of natural products for curing diseases. There are varieties of natural products (such as silk, herbal tea, chitosan) used today in the biomedical application in treating a large array of systemic diseases. The natural product "Propolis" is a non-toxic resinous material having beneficial properties such as antimicrobial, anticancer, antifungal, antiviral and anti-inflammatory; hence gain the attention of researchers for its potential for bio-dental applications. The study aims to explore the properties and chemistry of propolis concerning biomedical and dental applications. In addition, status and scope of propolis for current and potential future in bio-dental applications have been discussed. This review gives an insight to the reader about the possible use of propolis in modern-day dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohaib Khurshid
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry,King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Naseem
- Department of Preventive dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar-Al-Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad S Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madinah, Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia.,Adjunct Faculty, Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shariq Najeeb
- Private Dental Practitioner, Restorative Dental Sciences, Canada
| | - Sana Zohaib
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
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Massunari L, Novais RZ, Oliveira MT, Valentim D, Dezan Junior E, Duque C. Antimicrobial Activity and Biocompatibility of the Psidium cattleianum Extracts for Endodontic Purposes. Braz Dent J 2017; 28:372-379. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201601409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Psidium cattleianum (PC) has been displaying inhibitory effect against a variety of microorganisms, but this effect has not yet been tested against endodontic pathogens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and biocompatibility of the aqueous (PCAE) and hydroethanolic (PCHE) extracts from Psidium cattleianum (PC) leaves. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum lethal concentration (MLC) were determined using the microdilution broth method in order to analyze the antimicrobial effect against Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Actinomyces israelii and Candida albicans in planktonic conditions. Biofilm assays were conducted only with the extracts that were able to determine the MLC for microorganisms in planktonic conditions. Immediate and late tissue reactions against PC extracts were evaluated using edemogenic test and histological analysis of subcutaneous implants in Wistar rats. The results showed that the MIC and MLC values ranged between 0.25 and 4 mg/mL. The MLC obtained for PCHE inhibited 100% growth of all the tested strains, except for C. albicans. PCAE had the same effect for E. faecalis and P. aeruginosa. Both PC extracts were able to eliminate E. faecalis biofilms and only the PCHE eliminated P. aeruginosa biofilms. The positive controls inhibited the growth of all tested strains in MIC and MLC essays, but no CHX tested concentrations were able to eliminate A. israelii biofilm. PCAE caused a discrete increase in the edema over time, while PCHE caused a higher initial edema, which decreased progressively. Both PCAE and PCHE extracts were biocompatible, but PCHE showed better results with slight levels of inflammation at 28 days. In conclusion, PCHE was biocompatible and presented better antimicrobial effect against important pathogens associated with persistent endodontic infections
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Payandan E, Sayyed-Alangi SZ, Shamloofar M, Koohsari H. Study of Chemical Composition and Efficacy of Different Extracts of Iranian Propolis on the Microbiological and Sensory Parameters of Minced Cyprinus carpio Meat at 4°C Storage. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2016.1240281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Payandan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr, Iran
| | | | - Mahshid Shamloofar
- Department of Fisheries, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr, Iran
| | - Hadi Koohsari
- Department of Microbiology, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr, Iran
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Arias MPC, Maliza AGA, Midena RZ, Graeff MSZ, Duarte MAH, Andrade FBD. Effect of ultrasonic streaming on intra-dentinal disinfection and penetration of calcium hydroxide paste in endodontic treatment. J Appl Oral Sci 2017; 24:575-581. [PMID: 28076462 PMCID: PMC5161256 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720150553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The antimicrobial effect of ultrasonic agitation of calcium hydroxide (CH) pastes in infected bovine dentin and their penetrability were evaluated using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and microbiological culture. Material and Methods Fifty-two bovine teeth were infected with Enterococcus faecalis using a new contamination protocol; then they received CH paste and were divided into groups with or without ultrasound. Ultrasonic agitation was conducted for 1 min with a plain point insert. After 15 d, the CLSM analyzed the viable and dead bacteria with Live and Dead assay. The dentinal wall debris was collected by burs, and the colony forming units (CFU/mL) were counted. The penetrability of the paste inside dentinal tubules was tested using the B-rodamine dye. Results The calcium hydroxide paste showed better results with the use of ultrasonic agitation (p<0.05). Conclusion The ultrasonic agitation of CH paste increased its antimicrobial action and was responsible for intradentinal penetration with the fulfilment of the tubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Paola Castro Arias
- - Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Dentística, Endodontia e Materiais Odontológicos, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | - Amanda Garcia Alves Maliza
- - Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Dentística, Endodontia e Materiais Odontológicos, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | - Raquel Zanin Midena
- - Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Dentística, Endodontia e Materiais Odontológicos, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Marco Antonio Húngaro Duarte
- - Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Dentística, Endodontia e Materiais Odontológicos, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | - Flaviana Bombarda de Andrade
- - Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Dentística, Endodontia e Materiais Odontológicos, Bauru, SP, Brasil
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Pereira TC, Vasconcelos LRSMD, Graeff MSZ, Duarte MAH, Bramante CM, Andrade FBD. Intratubular disinfection with tri-antibiotic and calcium hydroxide pastes. Acta Odontol Scand 2017; 75:87-93. [PMID: 27866468 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2016.1256427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the in vitro intradentinal antimicrobial ability of the calcium hydroxide and tri-antibiotic pastes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Standard bovine dentin tubes were sterilized and then infected with Enterococcus faecalis by a new contamination protocol of great depths of dentin. The specimens were filled with the medications, divided into two test-groups: calcium hydroxide (Group 1) and tri-antibiotic (Group 2) pastes. After 15 days, the teeth were evaluated by microbiological culture and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) with viability dye assay LIVE/DEAD inside dentinal tubules. In experiment of culture, the bacterial collection of the dentin fragments was done for counting the colony-forming units. RESULTS The tri-antibiotic paste had a slightly greater antimicrobial effect; however, there was no statistical difference between the groups. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that the tri-antibiotic paste and the calcium hydroxide paste exercise the same effect on intra-tubular decontamination against E. faecalis. So, due the multiples advantages, the calcium hydroxide paste can be the choice for dentinal decontamination in regenerative procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Cristina Pereira
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marcia Sirlene Zardin Graeff
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Clóvis Monteiro Bramante
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Flaviana Bombarda De Andrade
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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Borzini L, Condò R, De Dominicis P, Casaglia A, Cerroni L. Root Canal Irrigation: Chemical Agents and Plant Extracts Against Enterococcus faecalis. Open Dent J 2016; 10:692-703. [PMID: 28217184 PMCID: PMC5299586 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601610010692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are various microorganisms related to intra and extra-radicular infections and many of these are involved in persistent infections. Bacterial elimination from the root canal is achieved by means of the mechanical action of instruments and irrigation as well as the antibacterial effects of the irrigating solutions. Enterococcus faecalis can frequently be isolated from root canals in cases of failed root canal treatments. Antimicrobial agents have often been developed and optimized for their activity against endodontic bacteria. An ideal root canal irrigant should be biocompatible, because of its close contact with the periodontal tissues during endodontic treatment. Sodium hypoclorite (NaOCl) is one of the most widely recommended and used endodontic irrigants but it is highly toxic to periapical tissues. OBJECTIVES To analyze the literature on the chemotherapeutic agent and plant extracts studied as root canal irrigants. In particularly, the study is focused on their effect on Enterococcus faecalis. METHOD Literature search was performed electronically in PubMed (PubMed Central, MEDLINE) for articles published in English from 1982 to April 2015. The searched keywords were "endodontic irrigants" and "Enterococcus faecalis" and "essential oil" and "plant extracts". RESULTS Many of the studied chemotherapeutic agents and plant extracts have shown promising results in vitro. CONCLUSION Some of the considered phytotherapic substances, could be a potential alternative to NaOCl for the biomechanical treatment of the endodontic space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Borzini
- Department of Clinical Science and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Condò
- Department of Clinical Science and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo De Dominicis
- Department of Clinical Science and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Adriano Casaglia
- Department of Clinical Science and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Cerroni
- Department of Clinical Science and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
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Zancan RF, Vivan RR, Milanda Lopes MR, Weckwerth PH, de Andrade FB, Ponce JB, Duarte MAH. Antimicrobial Activity and Physicochemical Properties of Calcium Hydroxide Pastes Used as Intracanal Medication. J Endod 2016; 42:1822-1828. [PMID: 27776884 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the present study was to evaluate the pH, calcium release, solubility, and antimicrobial action against biofilms of calcium hydroxide + saline solution, Calen (SS White Artigos Dentários Ltd, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) (CH/P), Calen camphorated paramonochlorophenol (CMCP) (CH/CMPC), and calcium hydroxide + chlorhexidine (CH/CHX) pastes. METHODS The pH of the pastes was determined with a calibrated pH meter placed in direct contact with each paste. The root canals of acrylic teeth (N = 10) were filled with the previously mentioned intracanal dressings and immersed in ultrapure water to measure hydroxyl (pH meter) and calcium ion release (atomic absorption spectrophotometer) at time intervals of 3, 7, 15, and 30 days. To assess solubility, the root canals of acrylic teeth (N = 10) were filled with the previously mentioned pastes and scanned by micro-computed tomographic imaging before (initial) and after 7, 15, and 30 days of immersion in ultrapure water. The solubility of each specimen was the difference between the initial and final volume scanning. For antimicrobial analysis, monospecies and dual-species biofilms were in vitro induced on dentin blocks (N = 20). Afterward, they were treated with the pastes for 7 days. Live/dead dye and a confocal microscope were used to measure the percentage of living cells. Data were statistically compared (P < .05). RESULTS The highest OH- ion release values were found in 3 and 30 days. Ca2+ releases were greater in CH/CMCP. CH/P and CH/CMCP showed a higher percentage of volume loss values. CH/CHX presented the greatest antimicrobial action. CONCLUSIONS CH/P and CH/CMPC showed higher solubility values in the period analyzed. Seven days of contact may be insufficient for calcium hydroxide + saline solution, CH/P, and CH/CMCP pastes to kill bacterial cells in the biofilms studied. Chlorhexidine added to CH favored greater effectiveness against the previously mentioned bacterial biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Fernandes Zancan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials and Endodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Ricci Vivan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials and Endodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Henrique Weckwerth
- Pro-Rectory of Research and Graduate Studies, University of Sagrado Coração, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flaviana Bombarda de Andrade
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials and Endodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Burgos Ponce
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials and Endodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
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Agrawal V, Kapoor S, Agrawal I. Critical Review on Eliminating Endodontic Dental Infections Using Herbal Products. J Diet Suppl 2016; 14:229-240. [PMID: 27715358 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2016.1207004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The main purpose of a root canal treatment is to eliminate the bacteria and their products from the pulp space. Chemomechanical preparation (chemical-refers to irrigating solutions, i.e., either synthetic chemicals or herbal solutions and mechanical-refers to instrumentation of a root canals with endodontic files) of a root canal system plays a major role in obtaining the rationale of root canal treatment. Various synthetic chemicals known as endodontic irrigants play a major role in disinfection, but also have undesirable properties like allergic potential, toxicity, unacceptable taste, etc. Today there is a major change in trend towards the use of natural herbal medicines as a part of dental treatment due to its easy availability, less toxicity, and cost effectiveness. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of various herbal endodontic irrigants evaluated for their effectiveness in the disinfection of a root canal system. This literature review is conducted using electronic databases "PubMed," "Google Scholar," and "Scopus," and articles were limited to those in the English language and published between 1980 and 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Agrawal
- a Department of Cons Endo , M. P. Dental College and ORI , Vadodara , India
| | - Sonali Kapoor
- a Department of Cons Endo , M. P. Dental College and ORI , Vadodara , India
| | - Isha Agrawal
- b Department of Periodontology and Implantology, M. P. Dental , Vadodara , India
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Alolofi H, El-Sayed M, Taha S. Clinical and radiographical evaluation of propolis and thymus vulgaris extracts compared with formocresol pulpotomy in human primary molars. BDJ Open 2016; 2:16005. [PMID: 29607066 PMCID: PMC5842867 DOI: 10.1038/bdjopen.2016.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives/aims: This study aimed to examine the success of vital pulpotomy using natural extracts on primary teeth. Materials and methods: The study was carried out on 60 primary molars in 20 children indicated for pulpotomy. Primary molars were treated with formocresol (20 teeth), propolis ethanolic extract (20 teeth) or thymus vulgaris ethanolic extract (20 teeth). Treated teeth were clinically and radiographically evaluated after 1, 6 and 12 months. Results: The clinical success of formocresol and propolis groups was 88.2%, whereas the thymus group showed 94.4% with no statistical significance difference. The radiographical success for formocresol and propolis was 73.3%, and thymus was 88.2% without any statistical significance difference detected. Conclusion: Promising clinical and radiographical success rates of propolis and thymus vulgaris obtained when compared with formocresol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham Alolofi
- Orthodontic, Pediatric Dentistry & Prevention Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Manal El-Sayed
- Pediatric Dentistry & Public Health Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherine Taha
- Pediatric Dentistry & Public Health Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Joy Sinha D, Garg P, Verma A, Malik V, Maccune ER, Vasudeva A. Dentinal Tubule Disinfection with Propolis & Two Extracts of Azadirachta indica Against Candida albicans Biofilm Formed on Tooth Substrate. Open Dent J 2015; 9:369-74. [PMID: 26962368 PMCID: PMC4763964 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601509010369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study evaluates the disinfection of dentinal tubules using Propolis, Azadirachta indica (alcoholic and aqueous extracts), 2% chlorhexidine gel and calcium hydroxide against Candida albicans biofilm formed on tooth substrate. Materials & Method: One hundred and five human teeth were infected with Candida albicans for 2 days. Samples were divided into 7 groups. Group I- Propolis, Group II- Alcoholic extract of Azadirachta indica, Group III- Aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica, Group IV- 2% Chlorhexidine, Group V- Calcium hydroxide, Group VI- Ethanol and Group VII- Saline (negative control). At the end of 1,3 and 5 days, the antimicrobial efficacy of medicaments against Candida albicans was assessed at the depths of 200 µm and 400 µm. Results: The overall percentage inhibition of fungal growth (at 200 µm and 400 µm depth) was 99.2% with 2% chlorhexidine gel. There was no statistical difference between propolis, alcoholic extract of Azadirachta indica (neem) and 2% chlorhexidine. Conclusion: Propolis and alcoholic extract of Azadirachta indica performed equally well as that of 2% Chlorhexidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakshita Joy Sinha
- Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Kothiwal Dental College & Research Centre, Moradabad (U.P.)- 244001, India
| | - Paridhi Garg
- Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Kothiwal Dental College & Research Centre, Moradabad (U.P.)- 244001, India
| | - Anurag Verma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad, India
| | | | | | - Agrima Vasudeva
- Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Kothiwal Dental College & Research Centre, Moradabad (U.P.)- 244001, India
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Determination of the Mineral Composition and Toxic Element Contents of Propolis by Near Infrared Spectroscopy. SENSORS 2015; 15:27854-68. [PMID: 26540058 PMCID: PMC4701257 DOI: 10.3390/s151127854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The potential of near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) with remote reflectance fiber-optic probes for determining the mineral composition of propolis was evaluated. This technology allows direct measurements without prior sample treatment. Ninety one samples of propolis were collected in Chile (Bio-Bio region) and Spain (Castilla-León and Galicia regions). The minerals measured were aluminum, calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, and some potentially toxic trace elements such as zinc, chromium, nickel, copper and lead. The modified partial least squares (MPLS) regression method was used to develop the NIR calibration model. The determination coefficient (R2) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) obtained for aluminum (0.79, 53), calcium (0.83, 94), iron (0.69, 134) potassium (0.95, 117), magnesium (0.70, 99), phosphorus (0.94, 24) zinc (0.87, 10) chromium (0.48, 0.6) nickel (0.52, 0.7) copper (0.64, 0.9) and lead (0.70, 2) in ppm. The results demonstrated that the capacity for prediction can be considered good for wide ranges of potassium, phosphorus and zinc concentrations, and acceptable for aluminum, calcium, magnesium, iron and lead. This indicated that the NIR method is comparable to chemical methods. The method is of interest in the rapid prediction of potentially toxic elements in propolis before consumption.
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Pimenta HC, Violante IMP, Musis CRD, Borges ÁH, Aranha AMF. In vitro effectiveness of Brazilian brown propolis against Enterococcus faecalis. Braz Oral Res 2015; 29:S1806-83242015000100255. [PMID: 25992787 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2015.vol29.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of Brazilian brown propolis as an intracanal medication against Enterococcus faecalis. Thirty dentin discs prepared from intact freshly extracted bovine maxillary central incisors were infected with E. faecalis for 21 days. The specimens were distributed into six groups according to the medicament used as follows: G1- calcium hydroxide paste; G2- Carbowax 400 (control group); G3- 20% brown propolis paste; G4- 40% brown propolis paste; G5- 20% brown propolis paste + calcium hydroxide paste; and G6- 40% brown propolis paste + calcium hydroxide paste. The experimental pastes were placed into the canal lumen and left for 14 days. After each period, irrigation was performed with sterile saline to remove the medicament, and the canals were dried with sterile paper points. The dentin chips were removed from the canals with sequential sterile round burs at low speed and were immediately collected in separate test tubes containing BHI broth. The tubes were incubated at 37°C, and microbial growth was analyzed by spectrophotometry after 15 days. All the experimental medications significantly reduced the number of viable bacteria. The G4 and G5 pastes were more effective than the G1 paste, with 35.8%, 41%, and 21.3% antibacterial activity, respectively. Brazilian brown propolis shows antibacterial capacity against E. faecalis.
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Siqueira ABS, Rodriguez LRNDA, Santos RKB, Marinho RRB, Abreu S, Peixoto RF, Gurgel BCDV. Antifungal activity of propolis against Candida species isolated from cases of chronic periodontitis. Braz Oral Res 2015; 29:S1806-83242015000100278. [PMID: 26154370 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2015.vol29.0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This research evaluated the fungistatic and fungicidal activities of red propolis alcoholic extract (RPAE) against different Candida species isolated from chronic periodontitis cases, and compared with chlorhexidine (CHX). Nineteen samples of Candida species (C. albicans [n = 12], C. tropicalis [n = 5] and C. glabrata [n = 2]) isolated from chronic periodontitis cases were analyzed. The fungistatic and fungicidal activity of both RPAE and CHX were evaluated using fluconazole and C. parapsilosis (ATCC 6258) as a control. Fungistatic activity was analyzed based on the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) reference procedure to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations. Fungicidal activity was established according to the absence of fungal growth on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar medium. The fungistatic and fungicidal activities of RPAE were observed, respectively, at 32-64 μg/mL and 64-512 μg/mL for C. albicans, 64 μg/mL and 64-256 μg/mL for C. glabrata, and 32-64 μg/mL and 64 µg/mL for C. tropicalis. CHX fungistatic activity was observed at concentrations of 0.003-1.92 µg/mL for C. albicans, 1.92 µg/mL for C. glabrata, and 0.03-1.92 µg/mL for C. tropicalis. Fluconazole fungistatic activity ranged between 1-64 μg/mL, and fungicidal activity occurred at 8-64 μg/mL, for the three Candida species analyzed. All the Candida species were susceptible to RPAE antifungal activity, but five samples of C. albicans, one of C. tropicalis and one of C. glabrata were resistant to fluconazole antifungal activity. CHX showed fungistatic activity against all the Candida species analyzed. The antifungal potential of these substances suggests that they can be applied as an alternative treatment for diseases affected by these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz Sotero Siqueira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Raniel Fernandes Peixoto
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Shrivastava R, Rai VK, Kumar A, Sinha S, Tripathi P, Gupta K, Sabharwal S. An in vitro Comparison of Endodontic Medicaments Propolis and Calcium Hydroxide alone and in Combination with Ciprofloxacin and Moxifloxacin against Enterococcus Faecalis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015; 16:394-9. [PMID: 26162260 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate and compare the antimicrobial properties of propolis and calcium hydroxide alone and in combination with ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin against Enterococcus faecalis (E. Faecalis). MATERIALS AND METHODS The laboratory study was carried out to test the effectiveness of propolis and calcium hydroxidealone as well as in combination with the established endodontic medicaments (moxifloxacin and ciprofloxacin). The various combinations were-group 1: propolis, group 2: calcium hydroxide, group 3: moxifloxacin, group 4: ciprofoxacin, group 5: propolis + moxifloxacin, group 6: propolis + Ciprofloxacin, group 7: calcium hydroxide + ciprofloxacin, group 8: calcium hydroxide + moxifloxacin. The efficacy of these medicaments was tested by checking for the zone of inhibition for the specific strain (ATCC 29212) of E. faecalis at different time intervals, i.e. 24, 48 and 72 hours. RESULTS Mean zone of inhibition was maximum in group V (21.94 ± 4.26) followed by group VI (18.80 ± 1.93), group I (18.71 ± 4.26), group VIII (15.88 ± 2.59), group III (14.91 ± 1.00), group VII (14.57 ± 2.17), group IV (13.91 ± 1.00) and minimum in group II (12.89 ± 2.14). Mean zone of inhibition was found to be maximum at 72 hours and minimum at 24 hours. At all time intervals, the combination of Propalis with Moxifocacin showed the maximum antimicrobial efficacy. CONCLUSION On the basis of the results of the present study, it can be concluded that propolis and calcium hydroxide show synergistic effect with moxifloxacin and ciprofloxacin against E. Faecalis. Propolis in combination with antibiotics and alone is more effective than calcium hydroxide. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Since propolis alone and in combination with antibiotics was observed to be more effective than calcium hydroxide, propolis can be considered as an intracanal medicament when compared to traditional calcium hydroxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Shrivastava
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Rai
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aina Kumar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sonal Sinha
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prerna Tripathi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khushboo Gupta
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sumit Sabharwal
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India Phone:01452425650, e-mail:
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Bhandari S, T S A, Patil CR. An in Vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of 2% Chlorhexidine Gel, Propolis and Calcium Hydroxide Against Enterococcus faecalis in Human Root Dentin. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 8:ZC60-3. [PMID: 25584319 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/10359.5144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate in vitro the antimicrobial efficacy of 2% Chlorhexidine gel, Propolis and Calcium hydroxide against Enterococcus faecalis in human root dentin. METHODOLOGY One hundred and twenty human extracted anterior teeth were decoronated below CEJ and the apical part of root was removed to obtain 6mm of middle of the root. GG no 3 was used to standardize the internal diameter of root canal. Dentin blocks were infected with E faecalis for 21 d. They were assigned into four groups (n = 30).Group 1, Saline (negative control); Group 2, Propolis; Group 3, 2% CHX; Group 4, Calcium hydroxide, At the end of 1, 3, and 5 days an assessment of microbial cells was carried out at a depth of 400 μm and colony counts were calculated.The data were analysed statistically with one-way analysis of variance followed by Scheffe multiple comparison test (p < 0.05). RESULTS The number of colony-forming units was significantly lower in all experimental groups compared to the control group - Saline. 2% Chlorhexidinegluconate produced better antimicrobial efficacy (100%) on day 1, 3 and 5. Propolis (66.37%) had greater antimicrobial activity than Calcium hydroxide (50.89%) on day 1 but there was no significant difference in their antimicrobial activities on day 3 and day 5. CONCLUSION 2% Chlorhexidine gel showed the maximum antimicrobial activity against E faecalis and Calcium hydroxide the least. Propolis can be used as an effective alternative intracanal medicament.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Bhandari
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, YCMM and Rdf's Dental College and Hospital , Ahamednagar, India
| | - Ashwini T S
- Associate Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS University , Mysore, india
| | - Chetan R Patil
- Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, MMNGHIDS , Bauxite Road, Belgaum, India
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Abstract
The major objective in root canal treatment is to disinfect the entire root canal system. Cleaning, shaping, and use of antimicrobial medicaments are effective in reducing the bacterial load to some extent, but some bacteria do remain behind and multiply, causing reinfection. Taking into consideration the ineffectiveness, potential side-effects and safety concerns of synthetic drugs, the herbal alternatives for endodontic usage might prove to be advantageous. Over the past decade, interest in drugs derived from medicinal plants has markedly increased. Phytomedicine has been used in dentistry as anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, analgesic, sedative and also as endodontic irrigant. Herbal preparations can be derived from the root, leaves, seeds, stem, and flowers. The PubMed database search revealed that the reference list for natural medicaments featured 1480 articles and in dentistry 173 articles. A forward search was undertaken on the selected articles and author names. This review focuses on various natural drugs and products as well as their therapeutic applications when used as phytomedicine in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakshita J Sinha
- Department of Conservative Dentistry Endodontics, Kothiwal Dental College Research Centre and Hospital, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish A Sinha
- Department of Pedodontics, Kothiwal Dental College Research Centre and Hospital, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Siqueira AL, Dantas CG, Gomes MZ, Padilha FF, Albuquerque Junior RLCD, Cardoso JC. Estudo da ação antibacteriana do extrato hidroalcoólico de própolis vermelha sobre Enterococcus faecalis. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-2577.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introdução: A própolis é uma substância resinosa e complexa; produzida pelas abelhas, destaca-se por suas propriedades terapêuticas, como atividade antimicrobiana, anti-inflamatória e cicatrizante. Poucos trabalhos existem sobre a variedade de própolis vermelha, encontrada no Estado de Sergipe. Objetivo: Avaliar a ação antimicrobiana do extrato de própolis vermelha, coletada na região nordeste do Estado de Sergipe, contra cepas de Enterococcus faecalis. Material e método: As amostras de própolis vermelha foram coletadas em Brejo Grande-SE, Brasil, e identificadas segundo suas características sensoriais, a granulometria e requisitos físico-químicos. O teor de flavonoides no extrato seco foi determinado. Soluções de própolis vermelha (EEP) foram preparadas nas concentrações de 1%; 2,5%; 5% e 7,5%. A cepa bacteriana de referência utilizada foi Enterococcus faecalis – ATCC 29212. A atividade antibacteriana foi verificada por meio de testes in vitro (teste de difusão em disco e determinação da concentração bactericida mínima – CBM) e ex vivo (utilizando dentes humanos extraídos). No teste ex vivo, os dentes contaminados foram divididos em três grupos com dez dentes cada. O grupo 1 foi tratado com própolis a 7,5% (concentração determinada no teste CBM); o grupo 2 foi tratado como controle positivo, com solução de hipoclorito de sódio a 2,5%, e o grupo 3 foi utilizado como controle negativo, sendo tratado apenas com solução salina NaCl 0,9%. Resultado: O extrato de própolis promoveu halo de inibição comparado ao da solução de hipoclorito de sódio a 2,5%, variando entre 12 e 16 mm. Não houve crescimento bacteriano após irrigação do conduto radicular com a solução de EEP a 7,5%. Conclusão: A própolis coletada apresentou médio teor de flavonoides (1,8%) e características físico-químicas coerentes com as exigidas pelo Ministério da Agricultura. Na concentração de 7,5% de própolis vermelha, foi observado um maior potencial antibacteriano quando comparado aos demais grupos.
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Kim D, Kim E. Antimicrobial effect of calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament in root canal treatment: a literature review - Part I. In vitro studies. Restor Dent Endod 2014; 39:241-52. [PMID: 25383341 PMCID: PMC4223092 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2014.39.4.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of endodontic treatment is the prevention and control of pulpal and periradicular infections. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) has been widely used in endodontics as an intracanal medicament to eliminate the remaining microorganisms after chemomechanical preparation. The purpose of this article is to review the antimicrobial properties of Ca(OH)2 as an intracanal medicament in root canal treatment. The first part of this review details the characteristics of Ca(OH)2 and summarizes the results of in vitro studies related to its antimicrobial effect. The antimicrobial effect of Ca(OH)2 results from the release of hydroxyl ions when it comes into contact with aqueous fluids. Ca(OH)2 has a wide range of antimicrobial effects against common endodontic pathogens, but is less effective against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans. The addition of vehicles or other agents might contribute to the antimicrobial effect of Ca(OH)2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohyun Kim
- Microscope Center, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Euiseong Kim
- Microscope Center, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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The in Vitro Antimicrobial Efficacy of Propolis against Four Oral Pathogens: A Review. Dent J (Basel) 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/dj2030085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Kim YH, Kim SA, Chung HJ. Synergistic Effect of Propolis and Heat Treatment Leading to Increased Injury to E
scherichia coli
O157:H7 in Ground Pork. J Food Saf 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youn-Ha Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition; Inha University; Incheon 402-751 Korea
| | - Sang-A Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition; Inha University; Incheon 402-751 Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Chung
- Department of Food and Nutrition; Inha University; Incheon 402-751 Korea
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Sierra M, Sanhueza A, Alcántara R, Sánchez G. Antimicrobial evaluation of copper sulfate (II) on strains of Enterococcus faecalis. In vitro study. JOURNAL OF ORAL RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.17126/joralres.2013.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Effect of the treatment of root surface-adhered necrotic periodontal ligament with propolis or fluoride in delayed rat tooth replantation. Clin Oral Investig 2013; 18:1329-1333. [PMID: 24048948 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-013-1103-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of 15 % propolis and 2 % acidulated-phosphate sodium fluoride solutions on the root surface-adhered necrotic cemental periodontal ligament in delayed tooth replantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus, albinus) had their right upper incisor extracted and maintained in dry storage for 60 min. After this period, the dental papilla, enamel organ, and pulp tissue were removed, and the animals were randomly assigned to three groups: group I = immersion in saline for 10 min; group II = immersion in a 2 % acidulated-phosphate sodium fluoride solution for 10 min; and group III = immersion in a 15 % propolis and propylene glycol solution for 10 min. The root canals were filled with a calcium hydroxide paste and the teeth were replanted. RESULTS Inflammatory resorption, replacement resorption, and ankylosis were observed in all groups without a statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) among them. CONCLUSIONS Under the tested conditions, the application of fluoride or propolis on root surface-adhered necrotic periodontal ligament did not favor the healing process in delayed tooth replantation.
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Netíková L, Bogusch P, Heneberg P. Czech Ethanol-Free Propolis Extract Displays Inhibitory Activity against a Broad Spectrum of Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens. J Food Sci 2013; 78:M1421-9. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ladislava Netíková
- Faculty of Science, Univ. of Hradec Králové; Rokitanského 62; CZ-500 03 Hradec Králové; Czech Republic
| | - Petr Bogusch
- Faculty of Science, Univ. of Hradec Králové; Rokitanského 62; CZ-500 03 Hradec Králové; Czech Republic
| | - Petr Heneberg
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles Univ. in Prague; Ruská 87; CZ-100 00 Prague; Czech Republic
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Does propolis help to maintain oral health? EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:351062. [PMID: 23365605 PMCID: PMC3556426 DOI: 10.1155/2013/351062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Propolis, known also as bee glue, is a wax-cum-resin substance which is created out of a mix of buds from some trees with the substance secreted from bee's glands. Its diverse chemical content is responsible for its many precious salubrious properties. It was used in medicine already in ancient Egypt. Its multiple applications during the centuries have been studied and described in details. The purpose of this study is to present the possible use of propolis in treatment of various diseases of oral cavity in their dental aspect. The paper presents properties and possible applications of bee glue depending on dental specialities. An overview of publications which appeared during the recent years will allow the reader to follow all the possibilities to apply propolis in contemporary dentistry.
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MAEKAWA LE, VALERA MC, de OLIVEIRA LD, CARVALHO CAT, CAMARGO CHR, JORGE AOC. Effect of Zingiber officinale and propolis on microorganisms and endotoxins in root canals. J Appl Oral Sci 2013; 21:25-31. [PMID: 23559108 PMCID: PMC3881809 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757201302129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of glycolic propolis (PRO) and ginger (GIN) extracts, calcium hydroxide (CH), chlorhexidine (CLX) gel and their combinations as ICMs (ICMs) against Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and endotoxins in root canals. MATERIAL AND METHODS After 28 days of contamination with microorganisms, the canals were instrumented and then divided according to the ICM: CH+saline; CLX, CH+CLX, PRO, PRO+CH; GIN; GIN+CH; saline. The antimicrobial activity and quantification of endotoxins by the chromogenic test of Limulus amebocyte lysate were evaluated after contamination and instrumentation at 14 days of ICM application and 7 days after ICM removal. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION After analysis of results and application of the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn statistical tests at 5% significance level, it was concluded that all ICMs were able to eliminate the microorganisms in the root canals and reduce their amount of endotoxins; however, CH was more effective in neutralizing endotoxins and less effective against C. albicans and E. faecalis, requiring the use of medication combinations to obtain higher success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Eiko MAEKAWA
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Department of Restorative Dentistry, UNESP - Univ
Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcia Carneiro VALERA
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Chair Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry,
UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciane Dias de OLIVEIRA
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Biosciences and Oral
Diagnosis, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Antonio Talge CARVALHO
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Restorative
Dentistry, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Ribeiro CAMARGO
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Restorative
Dentistry, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio Olavo Cardoso JORGE
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Chair Professor, Department of Oral Diagnosis and
Biosciences, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
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Garcia L, Cristiane S, Wilson M, Soraya M, Lopes RA, Mônica R, de Freitas O. Biocompatibility assessment of pastes containing Copaiba oilresin, propolis, and calcium hydroxide in the subcutaneous tissue of rats. J Conserv Dent 2011; 14:108-12. [PMID: 21814347 PMCID: PMC3146098 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.82601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Revised: 10/30/2010] [Accepted: 11/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To assess the biocompatibility of two endodontic pastes based on calcium hydroxide and propolis, using two vehicles — non-fractionated Copaiba-oilresin (A) and volatile fraction of Copaiba-oilresin (B), in the connective tissue of rats. Materials and Methods: Fifteen rats had four polyethylene tubes implanted in their backs; each pair of tubes contained one of the pastes. The tube side was considered the control. After 7, 21, and 42 days, the animals were euthanized. Results: The inflammatory reaction was moderate at seven days for A and severe for B. At 21 days, it was slight for A and moderate for B; and at 42 days, it was slight for A and B. Tissue reaction ranged from slight (7 / 21 days) to no inflammation (42 days) for the control group. Statistical analysis (Kruskal-Wallis test, P < 0.01) demonstrated no significant difference between the pastes and control group (P > 0.01). Conclusion: Both pastes presented satisfactory tissue reaction in the connective tissue of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Garcia
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Troca VBPB, Fernandes KBP, Terrile AE, Marcucci MC, Andrade FBD, Wang L. Effect of green propolis addition to physical mechanical properties of glass ionomer cements. J Appl Oral Sci 2011; 19:100-5. [PMID: 21552709 PMCID: PMC4243746 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572011000200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2009] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study investigated the mechanical properties of glass ionomer cements (GICs)
combined with propolis as a natural antimicrobial substance Material and Methods Typified green propolis, as an ethanolic extract (EEP) or in the lyophilized form
(powder), was incorporated to specimens of Ketac Fil Plus, ChemFlex and Ketac
Molar Easymix GICs. For each test, 8 specimens of each material were prepared. For
water sorption and solubility tests, specimens were subjected to dehydration,
hydration and re-dehydration cycles until a constant mass was obtained for each
step. Measurements were recorded using a digital balance of 10-4 g
precision. For the diametral tensile strength test, specimens were tested in a
universal test machine at 0.5 mm/min crosshead speed after 24 h storage in
deionized water. Data were evaluated by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s tests
(p<0.05). Results The addition of propolis to GIC clearly increased water sorption compared to pure
material. Solubility was material-dependent and was not clearly evident. For the
diametral tensile strength test, association with propolis altered negatively only
Chemflex. Conclusion It may be concluded that incorporation of propolis to GICs alters some properties
in a material-dependent condition.
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Madhubala MM, Srinivasan N, Ahamed S. Comparative Evaluation of Propolis and Triantibiotic Mixture as an Intracanal Medicament against Enterococcus faecalis. J Endod 2011; 37:1287-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Revised: 05/14/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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