1
|
Li J, Dou Y. Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein Rv2652c enhances intracellular survival by inhibiting host immune responses. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e70012. [PMID: 39240051 PMCID: PMC11378267 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.70012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the pathogen responsible for tuberculosis, secretes a multitude of proteins that modulate the host's immune response to ensure its own persistence. The region of difference (RD) genes encoding proteins play key roles in TB immunity and pathogenesis. Nevertheless, the roles of the majority of RD-encoded proteins remain to be elucidated. OBJECTS To elucidate the role of Rv2652c located in RD13 in Mtb on bacterial growth, bacterial survival, and host immune response. METHODS We constructed the strain MS_Rv2652c which over-expresses Mtb RD-encoding protein Rv2652c in M. smegmatis (MS), and compared it with the wild strain in the bacterial growth, bacterial survival, virulence of Rv2652c, and determined the effect of MS_Rv2652c on host immune response in macrophages. RESULTS Rv2652c protein is located at cell wall of MS_Rv2652c strain and also an integral component of the Mtb H37Rv cell wall. Rv2652c can enhance the resistance of recombinant MS to various stressors. Moreover, Rv2652c inhibits host proinflammatory responses via modulation of the NF-κB pathway, thereby promoting Mtb survival in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that cell wall protein Rv2652c plays an important role in creating a favorable environment for bacterial survival by modulating host signals and could be established as a potential TB drug target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and ImmunotherapyChina Three Gorges UniversityYichangChina
- Yichang Key Laboratory of Infection and InflammationChina Three Gogres UniversityYichangChina
| | - Yafeng Dou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and ImmunotherapyChina Three Gorges UniversityYichangChina
- Yichang Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Immunological DiseasesThe Second People's Hospital of China Three Gorges UniversityYichangChina
- Department of LaboratoryThe Second People's Hospital of China Three Gorges UniversityYichangChina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu S, Xie Y, Luo W, Dou Y, Xiong H, Xiao Z, Zhang XL. PE_PGRS31-S100A9 Interaction Promotes Mycobacterial Survival in Macrophages Through the Regulation of NF-κB-TNF-α Signaling and Arachidonic Acid Metabolism. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:845. [PMID: 32457723 PMCID: PMC7225313 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) evades the surveillance of immune responses for survival in macrophages. However, the precise mechanism and toxins/proteins encoded by M. tb involved in the bacterial escape remain elusive. The function of Rv1768 protein (also referred to as PE_PGRS31, belonging to the PE_PGRS family) encoded by the region of deletion 14 (RD-14) in the virulent M. tb H37Rv strain has not, to the best of our knowledge, been reported previously. Here, we found that Rv1768 remarkably promotes bacterial survival in macrophages. Compared to wild type (WT) H37Rv, the Rv1768 deficient strain (H37RvΔ1768) showed significantly decreased colony-forming units in the lungs, spleen, and liver of the murine M. tb infection model. The bacterial burdens of WT H37Rv in WT macrophages and C57BL/6 mice were significantly higher than those in S100A9 deficiency cells and mice, but there were no significant differences for H37RvΔRv1768. Rv1768 binds S100A9 with the proline-glutamic acid domain (PE domain) and blocks the interaction between S100A9 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and suppresses TLR4-myeloid differentiation factor 88-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)-tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) signaling in macrophages. Interestingly, Rv1768 binding to S100A9 also disturbs the metabolism of arachidonic acid by activating 5-lipoxygenase, increasing lipotoxin A4, and down-regulating cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 expression, thus, promoting mycobacterial survival. Our results revealed that M. tb Rv1768 promotes mycobacterial survival in macrophages by regulating NF-κB-TNF-α signaling and arachidonic acid metabolism via S100A9. Disturbing the interaction between Rv1768 and S100A9 may be a potential therapeutic target for tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Liu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Allergy, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Allergy, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Allergy, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yafeng Dou
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Allergy, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Xiong
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Allergy, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Xiao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Allergy, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Lian Zhang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Allergy, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Virology, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abdallah AM, Behr MA. Evolution and Strain Variation in BCG. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1019:155-169. [PMID: 29116634 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-64371-7_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BCG vaccines were derived by in vitro passage, during the years 1908-1921, at the Pasteur Institute of Lille. Following the distribution of stocks of BCG to vaccine production laboratories around the world, it was only a few decades before different BCG producers recognized that there were variants of BCG, likely due to different passaging conditions in the different laboratories. This ultimately led to the lyophilization of stable BCG products in the 1950s and 1960s, but not before considerable evolution of the different BCG strains had taken place. The application of contemporary research methodologies has now revealed genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic differences between BCG strains. These molecular differences in part account for phenotypic differences in vitro between BCG strains, such as their variable secretion of antigenic proteins. Yet, the relevance of BCG variability for immunization policy remains elusive. In this chapter we present an overview of what is known about BCG evolution and its resulting strain variability, and provide some speculation as to the potential relevance for a vaccine given to over 100 million newborns each year.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah M Abdallah
- Bioscience Core Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Marcel A Behr
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
BCG is the collective name for a family of live attenuated strains of Mycobacterium bovis that are currently used as the only vaccine against tuberculosis (TB). There are two major reasons for studying the genome of these organisms: (i) Because they are attenuated, BCG vaccines provide a window into Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence, and (ii) because they have provided protection in several clinical trials and case-control studies, BCG vaccines may shed light on properties required of a TB vaccine. Since the determination of the M. tuberculosis genome in 1998, the study of BCG vaccines has accelerated dramatically, offering data on the genomic differences between virulent M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, and the vaccine strains. While these findings have been rewarding for the study of virulence, there is unfortunately less accrued knowledge about protection. In this chapter, we review briefly the history of BCG vaccines and then touch upon studies over the past two decades that help explain how BCG underwent attenuation, concluding with some more speculative comments as to how these vaccines might offer protection against TB.
Collapse
|
5
|
Luo W, Qu ZL, Xie Y, Xiang J, Zhang XL. Identification of a novel immunodominant antigen Rv2645 from RD13 with potential as a cell-mediated immunity-based TB diagnostic agent. J Infect 2015; 71:534-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
6
|
Galvão TC, Lima CR, Gomes LHF, Pagani TD, Ferreira MA, Gonçalves AS, Correa PR, Degrave WM, Mendonça-Lima L. The BCG Moreau RD16 deletion inactivates a repressor reshaping transcription of an adjacent gene. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2013; 94:26-33. [PMID: 24332305 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The Brazilian anti-tuberculosis vaccine strain Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) BCG Moreau is unique in having a deletion of 7608 bp (RD16) that results in the truncation of a putative TetR transcriptional regulator, the ortholog of Mycobacterium tuberculosis rv3405c, BCG_M3439c. We investigated the effect of this truncation on the expression of the rv3406 ortholog (BCG_M3440), lying 81 bp downstream in the opposite orientation. RT-PCR and western blot experiments show that rv3406 mRNA and Rv3406 accumulate in BCG Moreau but not in BCG Pasteur (strain that bears an intact rv3405c), suggesting this to be a result of rv3405c truncation. Recombinant Rv3405c forms a complex with the rv3405c-rv3406 intergenic region, which contains a characteristic transcription factor binding site, showing it to have DNA binding activity. Complementation of M. bovis BCG Moreau with an intact copy of rv3405c abolishes Rv3406 accumulation. These results show that Rv3405c is a DNA binding protein that acts as a transcriptional repressor of rv3406.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teca Calcagno Galvão
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Centro de Referência Prof. Hélio Fraga, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fiocruz. Estr. de Curicica 2000, Jacarepaguá, 22780-194 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Cristiane Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo Henrique Ferreira Gomes
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Talita Duarte Pagani
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Alves Ferreira
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Antonio S Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Fisiologia de Infecções Virais, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Paloma Rezende Correa
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Wim Maurits Degrave
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Leila Mendonça-Lima
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Joung SM, Ryoo S. BCG vaccine in Korea. Clin Exp Vaccine Res 2013; 2:83-91. [PMID: 23858398 PMCID: PMC3710928 DOI: 10.7774/cevr.2013.2.2.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-tuberculosis Bacille de Calmette et Guérin (BCG) vaccine was developed between 1905 and 1921 at Pasteur Institutes of Lille in France, and was adopted by many countries. BCG strains comprise natural mutants of major virulence factors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and that BCG sub-strains differ markedly in virulence levels. The tuberculosis became endemic in Korea after the Korean War (1950s). The BCG strain, which was donated by Pasteur Institutes, was brought to Korea in 1955, and the first domestic BCG vaccine was produced by the National Defense Research Institute (NDRI), current Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC), in 1960. Since 1987, BCG manufacture work was handed over to the Korean Institute of Tuberculosis (KIT), the freeze-dried BCG vaccine was manufactured at a scale required to meet the whole amount of domestic consumption. However, since 2006, the manufacture of BCG vaccine suspended and the whole amount of BCG was imported at this point of time. Now KIT is planning to re-produce the BCG vaccine in Korea under the supervision of KCDC, this will be render great role to National Tuberculosis Control Program (NTP) and provide initiating step for developing new tuberculosis vaccines in Korea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Myung Joung
- Korean Institute of Tuberculosis, The Korean National Tuberculosis Association, Cheongwon, Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kozak R, Behr MA. Divergence of immunologic and protective responses of different BCG strains in a murine model. Vaccine 2010; 29:1519-26. [PMID: 21184855 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing evolution of BCG after its introduction in 1921 resulted in strains that differ genetically and phenotypically. Based on a genomic deletion (Region of Difference 2 or RD2) that occurred between 1927 and 1931, BCG strains can be sub-classified by the presence or absence of RD2. The existence of other mutations that distinguish BCG strains precludes simple comparison of RD2-positive and RD2-negative BCG strains to determine the importance, if any, of RD2 for vaccine protection. In this study, we have compared the RD2-containing BCG Russia, BCG Pasteur (which is a natural mutant for RD2), and BCG Pasteur complemented with RD2-genes Rv1979c-Rv1982 through various in vitro and in vivo assays of immunogenicity and protection. We determined that the presence of RD2 did not affect vaccine persistence, but lead to increased immunogenicity, as measured by ELISpot. Additionally, T-cells from animals immunized with BCG Russia and BCG Pasteur::Rv1979c-82 were more effective at killing Mycobacterium tuberculosis in macrophages than T-cells from animals immunized with BCG Pasteur. In a mouse vaccine-challenge model, the presence of RD2 had no effect on pulmonary TB, as measured by M. tuberculosis burden and degree of histopathology, at 4, 8 or 12 weeks post-infection. The presence of RD2 was however associated with decreased dissemination of M. tuberculosis to the spleen. Together, our data demonstrated that the loss of RD2 resulted in decreased immunogenicity but did not affect protection against pulmonary TB, indicating a dissociation between these phenotypes associated with BCG vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Kozak
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, H3G 1A4 Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|