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Alterisio MC, Ciaramella P, Guccione J. Dynamics of Macrophages and Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes Milk-Secreted by Buffaloes with Udders Characterized by Different Clinical Status. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8100204. [PMID: 34679034 PMCID: PMC8539079 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8100204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The study evaluated the dynamics of macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes milk-secreted by Mediterranean Buffaloes (MBs). Sixty quarter-milk-samples were collected and divided into three groups (n = 20 units each one): clinical mastitis (CM), subclinical mastitis (SCM), and intramammary infection (IMI). The control group consisted of an additional 20 healthy quarters. Their health status was assessed by clinical examination, quantitative somatic cell count (QSCC) and bacteriological milk culture. Finally, a differential somatic cell count (DSCC) was performed on all the milk samples. The mean percentage of macrophages, both in CM- and SCM-quarters, showed a significant difference as compared with the healthy-ones. Significant differences were also detected comparing the mean percentages of polymorphonuclear leukocytes between CM- and healthy-quarters, SCM and healthy, IMI and healthy. The QSCC revealed a weak-significant-negative-correlation with the quantitation of macrophages (r = −0.388), and a moderate-significant-positive-correlation with the polymorphonuclear leukocytes (r = 0.477). Macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes showed a weak-significant-negative-correlation between them (r = −0.247). The interpretation of macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes dynamics in milk provided beneficial information regarding the clinical status of the quarters enrolled. Future studies exploring the potential use of DSCC to improve udder health represent an interesting perspective in these ruminants.
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Guccione J, D'Andrea L, Pesce A, Toni F, Borriello G, Salzano C, Diuccio F, Pascale M, Ciaramella P. Antibiotic dry buffalo therapy: effect of intramammary administration of benzathine cloxacillin against Staphylococcus aureus mastitis in dairy water buffalo. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:191. [PMID: 32532337 PMCID: PMC7291747 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02410-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mastitis is one of the most costly diseases in Mediterranean buffalo (MB). At present, just a few specific antibiotics registered for this dairy specie have been synthetized. Efficacy of an antibiotic dry buffalo therapy (aDBT) against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) mastitis, based on intra-quarter administration of 600 mg of benzathine cloxacillin, have been evaluated for the first time. Eighty MB's quarters received a drying-off therapy (aDBT-group) and 80 were left untreated (no-aDBT-group). They were sampled at drying-off (pre-treatment) and at the resumption of milking [< 10 days in milk (DIM)]. Fresh calver mastitis rate, dry period new mastitis rate, dry period cure rate, and persistent mastitis rate were calculated for clinical monitoring. Overall proportion of positive quarters/animals, quarters affected by mastitis or intramammary infections (IMI), effects on somatic cell count (SCC) and milk yield were also assessed. RESULTS An inter-group difference (aDBT vs. no-aDBT) was recorded for all the indexes considered. An intra-group (drying-off vs. < 10 DIM) difference was detected in aDBT-group regarding the proportion of positive-cultured quarters and animals. Concerning the latter, an inter-groups difference was also recorded at second sampling. No clinical mastitis due to the S. aureus was observed. Regarding the subclinical ones, a higher intra-group difference was observed in aDBT than no-aDBT group, while an inter-group difference was recorded at second sampling. No protective effect was observed against IMI. SCC showed an inter-group difference at second sampling, while none difference was instead detected for milk yield. CONCLUSIONS The effects against S. aureus mastitis of benzathine cloxacillin administration at drying-off were assessed for the first time in MB. Its use shows encouraging results in reducing the proportion of mastitis and positive animals at the resumption of the lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Guccione
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi D'Andrea
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonella Pesce
- Istituto Zooprofilattico del Mezzogiorno, Via A. Jervolino 19, Caserta District, 81100, Tuoro, Italy
| | - Fausto Toni
- Zoetis, Italia s.r.l., Via Andrea Doria 41M, 00192, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuliano Borriello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Caterina Salzano
- Istituto Zooprofilattico del Mezzogiorno, Via A. Jervolino 19, Caserta District, 81100, Tuoro, Italy
| | | | | | - Paolo Ciaramella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
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Leuenberger A, Sartori C, Boss R, Resch G, Oechslin F, Steiner A, Moreillon P, Graber H. Genotypes of Staphylococcus aureus: On-farm epidemiology and the consequences for prevention of intramammary infections. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:3295-3309. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Guccione J, Pesce A, Pascale M, Salzano C, Tedeschi G, D'Andrea L, De Rosa A, Ciaramella P. Efficacy of a polyvalent mastitis vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus on a dairy Mediterranean buffalo farm: results of two clinical field trials. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:29. [PMID: 28103866 PMCID: PMC5248485 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-0944-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the last years the knowledges on Mediterranean Buffalo (MB) mastitis is remarkably improving, nevertheless the attention has been never focused on vaccination as preventive strategy for the control of mastitis in these ruminates. The aim of the current study was to assess clinical efficacy over time of two different preventive vaccination protocols against S. aureus mastitis, in primiparous MB.Vaccinated (VG) and not-vaccinated (N-VG) groups, of 30 MB each one, were selected from two different herds (herd A: VG1 and N-VG1; herd B: VG2 and N-VG2) of the same farm. Herd A received a double vaccination (Startvac®, 45 and 10 days before calving, protocol A), while in herd B an additional administration was performed (52 days after calving, protocol B). Bacteriological milk culture and assessment of somatic cell count (SCC) were performed at 10, 30, 60 and 90 days in milk (DIM) from composite milk samples. After 90 DIM, daily milk yields and SCC values were monthly detected until dry-off. Results The overall incidence of positive MB for S. aureus was 40.8% (49/120) in VG1 and 43.3% (52/120) in N-VG1 (Protocol A), while 45.8% (55/120) and 50.8% (61/120) in VG2 and N-VG2 (Protocol B). The latter was associated with a significant decreased in prevalence (at 90 DIM) and incidence of mastitis (animals positive for S. aureus, SCC > 200^103, with or without clinical signs) in the vaccinated MB, while no difference occurred in protocol A. Moreover, herd B showed a significant reduction in prevalence of intramammary infection (animals positive for S. aureus, SCC < 200^103, no clinical signs) in the vaccinated MB at 60 DIM while no differences were detected in herd A, at any sampling time; N-VG2 had significantly higher overall SCC values than VG2 (4.97 ± 4.75 and 4.84 ± 4.60 Log10 cells/mL ± standard deviation, respectively), while no differences were recorded in herd A. Conclusions The current investigation explores for the first time the clinical efficacy of vaccinations against S. aureus infections in MB, showing encouraging results regarding reduction in mastitis and somatic cell count; the polyvalent mastitis vaccine may be considered an additional tool for in-herd S aureus infection and should be associated to other control procedures to maximize its properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Guccione
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli "Federico II", Via Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Pesce
- Istituto Zooprofilattico del Mezzogiorno, Via A. Jervolino 19, 81100, Tuoro, Caserta District, Italy
| | | | - Caterina Salzano
- Istituto Zooprofilattico del Mezzogiorno, Via A. Jervolino 19, 81100, Tuoro, Caserta District, Italy
| | - Gianni Tedeschi
- Hipra Italia s.r.l., Via Franciacorta 74, 25038, Rovato, Italy
| | - Luigi D'Andrea
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli "Federico II", Via Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela De Rosa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli "Federico II", Via Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Ciaramella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli "Federico II", Via Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy.
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Guccione J, Cosandey A, Pesce A, Di Loria A, Pascale M, Piantedosi D, Steiner A, Graber H, Ciaramella P. Clinical outcomes and molecular genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk samples of dairy primiparous Mediterranean buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:7606-13. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-8455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Berchtold B, Bodmer M, van den Borne B, Reist M, Graber H, Steiner A, Boss R, Wohlfender F. Genotype-specific risk factors for Staphylococcus aureus in Swiss dairy herds with an elevated yield-corrected herd somatic cell count. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:4886-96. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-7760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Voelk V, Graber H, van den Borne B, Sartori C, Steiner A, Bodmer M, Haerdi-Landerer M. A longitudinal study investigating the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus genotype B in seasonally communal dairy herds. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:4184-92. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-7291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Gargouri A, Hamed H, Ben Ali B, Elfeki A, Gdoura R. Evaluation of Tunisian milk quality in dairy herds: Inter-relationship between chemical, physical and hygienic criteria. Anim Sci J 2014; 85:714-21. [PMID: 24712377 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this paper was to evaluate the global milk quality in Tunisian dairy herds. Samples of milk were analyzed for chemical, physical and hygienic parameters. Milk total solids, fat content and density were consistently correlated and one of them can be used as a chemical indicator of milk quality. The somatic cell count value of 689 × 10(3) /mL was higher than the recommended threshold. All milk samples were positive for the major pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. These hygienic parameters were related more closely with chloride content, minerals and electrical conductivity, which allows them to be used as indicators of mammary gland infection. It was concluded that milk producers have at hand rapid and easy tools for assessing the overall quality of milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Gargouri
- Unité de Physiopathologie Environnementale, Valorisation des Molécules Bioactives et Modélisation Mathématique, Département des Sciences de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Mahmmod Y, Klaas I, Nielsen S, Katholm J, Toft N. Effect of presampling procedures on real-time PCR used for diagnosis of intramammary infections with Staphylococcus aureus in dairy cows at routine milk recordings. J Dairy Sci 2013; 96:2226-2233. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2012-6059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Bovine Staphylococcus aureus: diagnostic properties of specific media. Res Vet Sci 2013; 95:38-44. [PMID: 23548479 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As accurate discrimination between Staphylococcus (S.) aureus and NSA (non-S. aureus staphylococci) involved in bovine mastitis is essential in terms of clinical prognosis and outcome, the aim of this study was to reevaluate the classical bacteriological procedures to identify these agents. Various media and the coagulase tube test were investigated using 116 strains of S. aureus and 115 of NSA, all isolated from cows with spontaneous intramammary infections (IMI). Furthermore, 25 NSA reference strains were analyzed. The study demonstrated that a few media were appropriate for differentiating S. aureus from NSA, provided that the staphylococci were isolated from bovine IMI. Evaluation of hemolysis further revealed that double or incomplete hemolysis are specific for S. aureus and are, therefore, a decisive diagnostic criterion. For strains showing complete hemolysis, maximal discrimination between S. aureus and NSA was observed by subculturing them on CHROMagar Staph. aureus.
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Reyher K, Haine D, Dohoo I, Revie C. Examining the effect of intramammary infections with minor mastitis pathogens on the acquisition of new intramammary infections with major mastitis pathogens—A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dairy Sci 2012; 95:6483-502. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2012-5594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Syring C, Boss R, Reist M, Bodmer M, Hummerjohann J, Gehrig P, Graber H. Bovine mastitis: The diagnostic properties of a PCR-based assay to monitor the Staphylococcus aureus genotype B status of a herd, using bulk tank milk. J Dairy Sci 2012; 95:3674-82. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-4968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Accepted: 02/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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