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Liu Y, Liu C, Lei Y, Guo J, Chen X, Wu M. Separation of Antioxidants from Trace Fraction of Ribes himalense via Chromatographic Strategy and Their Antioxidant Activity Supported with Molecular Simulations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:227. [PMID: 38203398 PMCID: PMC10778596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants from natural sources have long been of interest to researchers. In this paper, taking the traditional Tibetan medicine Ribes himalense as an example, an integrated approach was used to identify and isolate its chemical composition with free-radical-scavenging properties from its ethanol extract. First, the ethanol extract of Ribes himalense was pretreated using polyamide medium-pressure liquid chromatography (polyamide-MPLC), and the target fraction (Fr4) was obtained. Then, a combined HPLC mode was utilized to purify antioxidants in Fr4 under the guidance of an online HPLC-1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (HPLC-DPPH) activity screening system. Finally, three antioxidants (3-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester, rutin, and myricetin-3'-α-L-rhamnopyranoside) were isolated, and this is the first report of their presence in R. himalense. Further molecular docking studies showed that the antioxidants exhibited good binding with HO-1, Nrf2, and iNOS. In conclusion, this comprehensive approach is capable of extracting high-purity antioxidants from trace fractions of Ribes himalense and holds promise for future applications in the exploration of the chemical compositions and bioactivity of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyi Liu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.L.); (C.L.); (Y.L.); (J.G.); (X.C.)
| | - Chuang Liu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.L.); (C.L.); (Y.L.); (J.G.); (X.C.)
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuqing Lei
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.L.); (C.L.); (Y.L.); (J.G.); (X.C.)
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jingrou Guo
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.L.); (C.L.); (Y.L.); (J.G.); (X.C.)
| | - Xingyi Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.L.); (C.L.); (Y.L.); (J.G.); (X.C.)
| | - Minchen Wu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.L.); (C.L.); (Y.L.); (J.G.); (X.C.)
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Ramaswami R, Tagawa T, Mahesh G, Serquina A, Koparde V, Lurain K, Dremel S, Li X, Mungale A, Beran A, Ohler ZW, Bassel L, Warner A, Mangusan R, Widell A, Ekwede I, Krug LT, Uldrick TS, Yarchoan R, Ziegelbauer JM. Transcriptional landscape of Kaposi sarcoma tumors identifies unique immunologic signatures and key determinants of angiogenesis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:653. [PMID: 37740179 PMCID: PMC10517594 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04517-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a multicentric tumor caused by Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) that leads to morbidity and mortality among people with HIV worldwide. KS commonly involves the skin but can occur in the gastrointestinal tract (GI) in severe cases. METHODS RNA sequencing was used to compare the cellular and KSHV gene expression signatures of skin and GI KS lesions in 44 paired samples from 19 participants with KS alone or with concurrent KSHV-associated diseases. Analyses of KSHV expression from KS lesions identified transcriptionally active areas of the viral genome. RESULTS The transcript of an essential viral lytic gene, ORF75, was detected in 91% of KS lesions. Analyses of host genes identified 370 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) unique to skin KS and 58 DEGs unique to GI KS lesions as compared to normal tissue. Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 gene expression were higher in skin lesions as compared to normal skin but not in GI KS lesions. Twenty-six cellular genes were differentially expressed in both skin and GI KS tissues: these included Fms-related tyrosine kinase 4 (FLT4), encoding an angiogenic receptor, and Stanniocalcin 1 (STC1), a secreted glycoprotein. FLT4 and STC1 were further investigated in functional studies using primary lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). In these models, KSHV infection of LECs led to increased tubule formation that was impaired upon knock-down of STC1 or FLT4. CONCLUSIONS This study of transcriptional profiling of KS tissue provides novel insights into the characteristics and pathogenesis of this unique virus-driven neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Ramaswami
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Takanobu Tagawa
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Guruswamy Mahesh
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Anna Serquina
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Vishal Koparde
- Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Kathryn Lurain
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sarah Dremel
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Xiaofan Li
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ameera Mungale
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Alex Beran
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Zoe Weaver Ohler
- Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Laura Bassel
- Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Warner
- Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Ralph Mangusan
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Anaida Widell
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Irene Ekwede
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Laurie T Krug
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Thomas S Uldrick
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Robert Yarchoan
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Joseph M Ziegelbauer
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Privatt SR, Braga CP, Johnson A, Lidenge SJ, Berry L, Ngowi JR, Ngalamika O, Chapple AG, Mwaiselage J, Wood C, West JT, Adamec J. Comparative polar and lipid plasma metabolomics differentiate KSHV infection and disease states. Cancer Metab 2023; 11:13. [PMID: 37653396 PMCID: PMC10470137 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-023-00316-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a neoplastic disease etiologically associated with infection by the Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). KS manifests primarily as cutaneous lesions in individuals due to either age (classical KS), HIV infection (epidemic KS), or tissue rejection preventatives in transplantation (iatrogenic KS) but can also occur in individuals, predominantly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), lacking any obvious immune suppression (endemic KS). The high endemicity of KSHV and human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) co-infection in Africa results in KS being one of the top 5 cancers there. As with most viral cancers, infection with KSHV alone is insufficient to induce tumorigenesis. Indeed, KSHV infection of primary human endothelial cell cultures, even at high levels, is rarely associated with long-term culture, transformation, or growth deregulation, yet infection in vivo is sustained for life. Investigations of immune mediators that distinguish KSHV infection, KSHV/HIV co-infection, and symptomatic KS disease have yet to reveal consistent correlates of protection against or progression to KS. In addition to viral infection, it is plausible that pathogenesis also requires an immunological and metabolic environment permissive to the abnormal endothelial cell growth evident in KS tumors. In this study, we explored whether plasma metabolomes could differentiate asymptomatic KSHV-infected individuals with or without HIV co-infection and symptomatic KS from each other. METHODS To investigate how metabolic changes may correlate with co-infections and tumorigenesis, plasma samples derived from KSHV seropositive sub-Saharan African subjects in three groups, (A) asymptomatic (lacking neoplastic disease) with KSHV infection only, (B) asymptomatic co-infected with KSHV and HIV, and (C) symptomatic with clinically diagnosed KS, were subjected to analysis of lipid and polar metabolite profiles RESULTS: Polar and nonpolar plasma metabolic differentials were evident in both comparisons. Integration of the metabolic findings with our previously reported KS transcriptomics data suggests dysregulation of amino acid/urea cycle and purine metabolic pathways, in concert with viral infection in KS disease progression. CONCLUSIONS This study is, to our knowledge, the first to report human plasma metabolic differentials between in vivo KSHV infection and co-infection with HIV, as well as differentials between co-infection and epidemic KS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara R Privatt
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Alicia Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Salum J Lidenge
- Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Luke Berry
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - John R Ngowi
- Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Owen Ngalamika
- Dermatology and Venereology Section, Adult Hospital of the University Teaching Hospitals, University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Andrew G Chapple
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Julius Mwaiselage
- Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Charles Wood
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - John T West
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - Jiri Adamec
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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Napoletani G, Soldan SS, Kannan T, Preston-Alp S, Vogel P, Maestri D, Caruso LB, Kossenkov A, Sobotka A, Lieberman PM, Tempera I. PARP1 Inhibition Halts EBV+ Lymphoma Progression by Disrupting the EBNA2/MYC Axis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.05.547847. [PMID: 37461649 PMCID: PMC10350008 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.05.547847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
PARP1 has been shown to regulate EBV latency. However, the therapeutic effect of PARP1 inhibitors on EBV+ lymphomagenesis has not yet been explored. Here, we show that PARPi BMN-673 has a potent anti-tumor effect on EBV-driven LCL in a mouse xenograft model. We found that PARP1 inhibition induces a dramatic transcriptional reprogramming of LCLs driven largely by the reduction of the MYC oncogene expression and dysregulation of MYC targets, both in vivo and in vitro. PARP1 inhibition also reduced the expression of viral oncoprotein EBNA2, which we previously demonstrated depends on PARP1 for activation of MYC. Further, we show that PARP1 inhibition blocks the chromatin association of MYC, EBNA2, and tumor suppressor p53. Overall, our study strengthens the central role of PARP1 in EBV malignant transformation and identifies the EBNA2/MYC pathway as a target of PARP1 inhibitors and its utility for the treatment of EBNA2-driven EBV-associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Peter Vogel
- Department of Comparative Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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