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Ito K, Sato E, Moriyama H, Hagiwara O, Enomoto T, Yoshida S, Watanabe M. Fully digitalized triple-energy x-ray computed tomography with high spatial resolutions using beam hardening. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2024; 95:083708. [PMID: 39140817 DOI: 10.1063/5.0207543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
To regulate the effective photon energy with a constant tube voltage and to perform enhanced K-edge x-ray imaging, we built a prototype fully digitalized triple-energy x-ray computed tomography (TECT) scanner utilizing beam hardening. An object on the turntable is irradiated by a 0.1-mm-focus x-ray tube at 1.4-time-magnification. 720 raw radiograms are obtained using a flat panel detector, and 512 tomograms are reconstructed. With an increasing digital amplification factor, the gray raw-density projections obtained using low-energy-photon absorption disappeared at a constant maximum raw density, and the effective energy was increased by x-ray beam hardening. TECT was performed at digital amplifier factors below 3.0, and the effective energy increased with increasing amplification factors. In particular, fine blood vessels were visible using gadolinium-K-edge CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Ito
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Eiichi Sato
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
- Honorary of Physics, Iwate Medical University, 2-14-6 Kawaramachi, Wakabayashi, Sendai, Miyagi 984-0816, Japan
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Hodaka Moriyama
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Osahiko Hagiwara
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Enomoto
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Sohei Yoshida
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Manabu Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
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Ito K, Sato E, Oda Y, Moriyama H, Hagiwara O, Enomoto T, Yoshida S, Watanabe M. Embossed x-ray computed tomography utilizing pixel-shifted dual-energy subtraction. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2024; 95:073707. [PMID: 39007680 DOI: 10.1063/5.0210690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
To observe fine blood vessels as uneven tomographic images at a high contrast, we performed tentative experiments on embossed x-ray computed tomography (CT). We constructed a cone-beam CT scanner and carried out dual-energy CT with tube voltages of 60 and 100 kV. X-ray photons penetrating through an object were detected using an indirect-conversion flat panel detector, and radiograms were produced and sent to a personal computer to reconstruct tomograms. Embossed CT was performed using pixel-shifted dual-energy subtraction, and blood vessels filled with Gd medium were observed as uneven images at high contrast and spatial resolutions. Using 1.4-time magnification imaging in combination with a 0.1-mm-focus x-ray tube, the diameter of the object visible on the embossed CT was below 100 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Ito
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Eiichi Sato
- Honorary Professor of Physics, Iwate Medical University, 2-14-6 Kawaramachi, Wakabayashi, Sendai, Miyagi 984-0816, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Oda
- Department of Physics, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Hodaka Moriyama
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Osahiko Hagiwara
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Enomoto
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Sohei Yoshida
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Manabu Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
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Sato E, Yoshida S, Takeda K, Yoshida R, Sato Y, Yoshioka K, Moriyama H, Hagiwara O, Matsukiyo H, Enomoto T, Watanabe M. Whole cancer-region enhancement using meglumine-gadopentetate-glucose solution and 7.0-T magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 81:10-16. [PMID: 33901583 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To visualize whole cancerous region including hypoxic cancer without radiation exposure, we developed meglumine-gadopentetate-glucose solution for 7.0-T magnetic resonance imaging. The infusion solution consists of meglumine-gadopentetate and glucose solutions, and these solutions are mixed before the vein drip infusion. We used readily available solutions, and the concentrations of the meglumine-gadopentetate and glucose solutions were 37.14 and 5.0%, respectively. In the first and second experiments, vein infusions were conducted from a rabbit ear using meglumine-gadopentetate-saline and meglumine-gadopentetate-glucose solutions, and T1 weighted imaging was performed to visualize cancerous region. Using the meglumine-gadopentetate saline, it was not difficult to image cancer-growth regions with new blood vessels. Using the meglumine-gadopentetate-glucose solution, the signal intensity of whole cancerous region including hypoxic cancer substantially increased. The visualizing duration for the meglumine gadopentetate glucose was beyond 90 min, and the rabbit survived after the infusion. The signal intensity in the hypoxic cancer was increasing until 90 min using the meglumine-gadopentetate-glucose solution, since the meglumine-gadopentetate molecules were absorbed into almost the whole cancerous region along with glucose-molecule flows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiichi Sato
- Department of Physics, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan.
| | - Sohei Yoshida
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Kota Takeda
- Central Radiation Department, Iwate Medical University Hospital, 2-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Ryoko Yoshida
- Department of Physics, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sato
- Central Radiation Department, Iwate Medical University Hospital, 2-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Yoshioka
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Hodaka Moriyama
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Osahiko Hagiwara
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsukiyo
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Enomoto
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Manabu Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
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Sato E, Oda Y, Yoshida S, Yoshioka K, Moriyama H, Watanabe M. Near-infrared-ray computed tomography with an 808 nm laser beam and high spatial resolutions. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:013702. [PMID: 33514199 DOI: 10.1063/5.0018976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To increase the penetrating photons and to improve the spatial resolution in near-infrared-ray computed tomography (NIR-CT), we used an 808 nm laser module. The NIR photons are produced from the laser module, and an object is exposed to the laser beam. The laser power is controlled by the applied voltage, and the photodiode detects photons penetrating through the object. To reduce scattering photons from the object, a 1.0-mm-diameter graphite pinhole is set behind the object. The spatial resolutions were improved using a 1.0-mm-diameter 5.0-mm-length graphite collimator and were ∼1 × 1 mm2. The NIR-CT was accomplished by repeating the object-reciprocating translations and rotations of the object using the turntable, and the ray-sampling-translation and rotation steps were 0.1 mm and 0.5°, respectively. The scanning time was 19.6 min at a total rotation angle of 180°. Triple-sensitivity CT was accomplished using amplifiers, and a graphite rod in the chicken fillet was visible when increasing amplification factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiichi Sato
- Department of Physics, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Oda
- Department of Physics, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Sohei Yoshida
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Yoshioka
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Hodaka Moriyama
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Manabu Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
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Yoshida S, Sato E, Oda Y, Yoshioka K, Moriyama H, Watanabe M. Triple-sensitivity high-spatial-resolution X-ray computed tomography using a cadmium-telluride detector and its beam-hardening effect. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 159:109089. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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