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Zaffar A, Jayaraman S, Sutar PP, Balasubramanian P. Comparative evaluation of drying methods for struvite produced from electrocoagulated source-separated urine: Implications for quality, energy and cost-effectiveness. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 356:120665. [PMID: 38518498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Struvite precipitation from source-separated urine is crucial for waste utilization and sustainability. However, after precipitation, the high moisture content of struvite necessitates an additional drying process that can be costly and inefficient. In the present study, the performance of different drying methods-open sun drying, air drying, conventional drying (20-100 °C), and microwave drying (180-720 W) on the quality of struvite obtained from source-separated urine through electrocoagulation using Mg-Mg electrodes were evaluated. It was found that higher temperatures and power in the convective oven and microwave resulted in higher diffusivity (10-9-10-7 m2s-1), leading to reduced drying times. Different models were employed to comprehend the drying mechanism, and the one with the highest correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.99) and the lowest statistical values was selected. The key findings indicated that higher power and temperature levels were more cost-effective. However, characterization of the dried struvite using X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy, disintegration of struvite crystals at temperatures above 60 °C in the conventional oven and 180 W in the microwave oven was observed. Based on the results, we conclude that sun drying is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative for drying struvite without compromising its quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha Zaffar
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, -769008, India
| | - Sivaraman Jayaraman
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, -769008, India
| | - Parag Prakash Sutar
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, -769008, India
| | - Paramasivan Balasubramanian
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, -769008, India.
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2
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Sniatala B, Kurniawan TA, Sobotka D, Makinia J, Othman MHD. Macro-nutrients recovery from liquid waste as a sustainable resource for production of recovered mineral fertilizer: Uncovering alternative options to sustain global food security cost-effectively. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159283. [PMID: 36208738 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Global food security, which has emerged as one of the sustainability challenges, impacts every country. As food cannot be generated without involving nutrients, research has intensified recently to recover unused nutrients from waste streams. As a finite resource, phosphorus (P) is largely wasted. This work critically reviews the technical applicability of various water technologies to recover macro-nutrients such as P, N, and K from wastewater. Struvite precipitation, adsorption, ion exchange, and membrane filtration are applied for nutrient recovery. Technological strengths and drawbacks in their applications are evaluated and compared. Their operational conditions such as pH, dose required, initial nutrient concentration, and treatment performance are presented. Cost-effectiveness of the technologies for P or N recovery is also elaborated. It is evident from a literature survey of 310 published studies (1985-2022) that no single technique can effectively and universally recover target macro-nutrients from liquid waste. Struvite precipitation is commonly used to recover over 95 % of P from sludge digestate with its concentration ranging from 200 to 4000 mg/L. The recovered precipitate can be reused as a fertilizer due to its high content of P and N. Phosphate removal of higher than 80 % can be achieved by struvite precipitation when the molar ratio of Mg2+/PO43- ranges between 1.1 and 1.3. The applications of artificial intelligence (AI) to collect data on critical parameters control optimization, improve treatment effectiveness, and facilitate water utilities to upscale water treatment plants. Such infrastructure in the plants could enable the recovered materials to be reused to sustain food security. As nutrient recovery is crucial in wastewater treatment, water treatment plant operators need to consider (1) the costs of nutrient recovery techniques; (2) their applicability; (3) their benefits and implications. It is essential to note that the treatment cost of P and/or N-laden wastewater depends on the process applied and local conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogna Sniatala
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Dominika Sobotka
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jacek Makinia
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
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Liu C, Liu J, Zhu L, Xiong H. Treatment of mariculture wastewater by an integrated ultrasonic stripping-membrane distillation (US-MD) system: Effect of operating parameters on effluent quality and membrane fouling mitigation. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Moradian F, Ramavandi B, Jaafarzadeh N, Kouhgardi E. Activation of periodate using ultrasonic waves and UV radiation for landfill leachate treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:90338-90350. [PMID: 35867295 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21997-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, saline leachate of the Bushehr coastal city (Iran) was purified using the ultraviolet/ultrasonication wave/periodate process. The initial TDS and TOC values of the leachate studied were 7390 mg/L and 975 mg/L, respectively. During the effect of various parameters on leachate purification, the experiments were optimized at pH 3, oxidizer concentration of 4 mM, and treatment time of 120 min. The initial BOD5/COD ratio of 0.66 was reduced to 0.42 at the end of the purification time (120 min). After leachate treatment under optimal conditions, the amount of BOD5, COD, and UV254 were 451.5 mg/L, 1072 mg/L, and 12.69 cm-1, respectively. Concentrations of heavy metals in crude leachate by ICP-OES were checked. Also, the concentration of organic compounds before and after purification was determined using GC-Mass. The leachate purification kinetics followed the first-order model using the designed method. Based on the COD factor, the system energy consumption for leachate treatment was calculated to be 11.4 kWh/m3. The results showed that the system explored (UV/US/IO4-) can effectively purify high salinity waste leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Moradian
- Department of Environment, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Bahman Ramavandi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Neemat Jaafarzadeh
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Kouhgardi
- Department of Environment, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
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Soto-Herranz M, Sánchez-Báscones M, Antolín-Rodríguez JM, Martín-Ramos P. Pilot Plant for the Capture of Ammonia from the Atmosphere of Pig and Poultry Farms Using Gas-Permeable Membrane Technology. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11110859. [PMID: 34832089 PMCID: PMC8622955 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11110859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gas-permeable membrane (GPM) technology is a possible solution to reduce ammonia (NH3) emissions from livestock housing. This paper presents the results obtained with an NH3-capture prototype based on the use of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membranes in real conditions in a gestating sow house and a free-range laying hen house, comparing them with the results obtained in controlled laboratory conditions for the same type of waste. The NH3 present in the air of the livestock housing was captured by reaction with an acidic solution flowing inside the membranes. The periods of continuous operation of the pilot plant were 232 days at the pig farm and 256 days at the poultry farm. The NH3 recovery rate at the end of those periods was 2.3 and 0.4 g TAN·m-2·d-1 in the pig and the poultry farms, respectively. The limiting factor for the capture process was the NH3 concentration in the air, with the highest recovery occurring in the most concentrated atmosphere. Differences in NH3 capture were observed between seasons and farms, with capture efficiencies of 1.62 and 0.33 g·m-2·d-1 in summer and 3.85 and 1.20 g·m-2·d-1 in winter for pig and poultry farms, respectively. The observed differences were mainly due to the higher ventilation frequency in the summer months, which resulted in a lower NH3 concentration inside the houses compared to the winter months. This is especially important when considering the real applicability of this technology. The results obtained suggest that GPM technology holds promise for limiting NH3 emissions from livestock housing with NH3 ambient concentrations close to 20 ppm or as part of manure storage facilities, given that it allows for recovery of nitrogen in a stable and concentrated solution, which can be used as a fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Soto-Herranz
- Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, ETSIIAA, Universidad de Valladolid, Avenida de Madrid 44, 34004 Palencia, Spain; (M.S.-B.); (J.M.A.-R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mercedes Sánchez-Báscones
- Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, ETSIIAA, Universidad de Valladolid, Avenida de Madrid 44, 34004 Palencia, Spain; (M.S.-B.); (J.M.A.-R.)
| | - Juan Manuel Antolín-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, ETSIIAA, Universidad de Valladolid, Avenida de Madrid 44, 34004 Palencia, Spain; (M.S.-B.); (J.M.A.-R.)
| | - Pablo Martín-Ramos
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón (IUCA), EPS, Universidad de Zaragoza, Carretera Cuarte s/n, 22071 Huesca, Spain;
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Torkashvand J, Rezaei Kalantary R, Heidari N, Kazemi Z, Kazemi Z, Farzadkia M, Amoohadi V, Oshidari Y. Application of ultrasound irradiation in landfill leachate treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:47741-47751. [PMID: 34283355 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15280-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Landfilling is known to be the most widely used method in municipal solid waste management in many countries. Landfill leachate containing different recalcitrant compounds are recognized to contaminate the soil and water and accordingly threat both the human health and environment. A variety of chemical and biological methods have recently been employed for landfill leachate treatment, one of which is the ultrasonic process. In this review, the efficiency of the ultrasound-assisted method for leachate treatment, factors influencing the treatment process are studied by defining a search protocol. The results showed that ultrasound can reduce pollutants by creating cavitation, microstreaming, and microturbulence. Increasing turbidity in initial of irradiation time and increasing the cost of treatment are the disadvantages of using ultrasonic in leachate treatment. Moreover, ultrasound-assisted method leads to improve the leachate quality, especially the COD/BOD. Therefore, ultrasound can be considered a good pretreatment for biological processes. Although, the application of this process in combination with other treatment processes such as biological processes and advanced oxidation increases the efficiency of leachate treatment, its efficiency depends on several factors such as exploitation features and leachate quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Torkashvand
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roshanak Rezaei Kalantary
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Heidari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohre Kazemi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Kazemi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Farzadkia
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Vida Amoohadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Oshidari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Moradian F, Ramavandi B, Jaafarzadeh N, Kouhgardi E. Effective treatment of high-salinity landfill leachate using ultraviolet/ultrasonication/ peroxymonosulfate system. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 118:591-599. [PMID: 33010690 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate, as a complex medium with a high concentration of organic and mineral materials, is a serious problem for the environment. In the current study, the saline landfill leachate of Bushehr coastal city (Iran) was treated using ultraviolet/ultrasonic waves/peroxymonosulfate system. The initial TOC and TDS of the studied leachate was 915 mg/L and 7390 mg/L, respectively. The system had the maximum efficiency at conditions of pH 3, peroxymonosulfate (PMS) of 4 mM, and reaction time of 150 min. Based on the findings, the initial ratio of BOD5/COD (0.66) was reduced to 0.38 using the developed system. After treatment of the landfill leachate at the optimal condition, the values of COD, BOD5, and UV254 were reached to 983 mg/L, 348 mg/L, and 10.16 cm-1, respectively. The concentration of all studied elements (except Pb, As, and Ca) increased after purification. According to the GC-mass spectrometry, the molecular weight and concentration of organic matter in raw leachate were higher than that of the treated one. The studied system had an energy consumption value of 86 kW·h/m3 for the treatment of landfill leachate. The results confirm the effectiveness of the ultraviolet/ultrasonic waves/PMS system for the treatment of high saline landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Moradian
- Department of Environment, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Bahman Ramavandi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Neemat Jaafarzadeh
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Kouhgardi
- Department of Environment, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
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8
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Chen S, Yang Y, Zheng M, Cheng X, Xu K, Dou X. Thermal decomposition of struvite pellet by microwave radiation and recycling of its product to remove ammonium and phosphate from urine. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 188:109774. [PMID: 32615354 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The precipitation of struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) consumes many chemicals to completely remove ammonium and phosphate from urine and has the difficulty in solid separation from solution. This study proposed an alternative approach for the complete nutrient removal through recycling use of microwave-induced decomposition product of struvite pellet with sizes of 2-4 mm. Results showed that microwave radiation effectively decomposed the struvite pellet in an alkaline solution within 8 min. An increase in microwave power and NaOH concentration enhanced the decomposition. The double-layer structure of the pellet led to multiple paths of struvite decomposition. Active components of the decomposition product were newberyite, brucite, and amorphous MgNaPO4 and MgHPO4. The removal efficiencies of ammonium and phosphate from urine both reached 93% using the decomposition product at optimized P/N ratio and pH. Maximum recycles of 4 were recommended because further decomposition of the regenerated struvite pellets induced high losses of magnesium and phosphate. Calculations showed that the total cost of chemical consumption of the proposed approach was reduced by 47% compared with that of a conventional chemical struvite precipitation. Moreover, the volume index of the regenerated struvite pellets was 15 mL/gP which was much lower than that of conventional struvite fines (116 mL/gP), thereby indicating a better solid-liquid separation ability. Therefore, recycling of struvite pellets combining with microwave decomposition was chemical saving and easily separating of solid from liquid for the complete removal of nutrients from urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihua Chen
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Yuting Yang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Min Zheng
- Advanced Water Management Centre, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Kangning Xu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, PR China.
| | - Xiaomin Dou
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, PR China
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Hou H, Li Z, Liu B, Liang S, Xiao K, Zhu Q, Hu S, Yang J, Hu J. Biogas and phosphorus recovery from waste activated sludge with protocatechuic acid enhanced Fenton pretreatment, anaerobic digestion and microbial electrolysis cell. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 704:135274. [PMID: 31822422 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biogas and phosphorus recovery from waste activated sludge (WAS) with sequential homogeneous protocatechuic acid (PCA) enhanced Fenton pretreatment, anaerobic digestion (AD) and microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) were investigated. The cumulation of biogas production of WAS-Fenton-AD was 330.4 mL/g VS, which was 2.05-fold of the control without pretreatment (WAS-AD) during anaerobic digestion. Biogas production of 178 mL/L/d from WAS-Fenton-AD-MEC was achieved, which was 5.23-fold of the WAS-MEC, 2.28-fold of WAS-Fenton-MEC and 1.46-fold of WAS-AD-MEC, respectively. Enhanced phosphorus recovery in form of struvite reached 1.72 g/g TS (18.03% of total P) with a purity of 74.4%. Microbial community richness and diversity analysis revealed that the pretreatment process under circumneutral condition improved the diversity of microbial community, which was consisted of Bacteroidetes (33.90%), Proteobacteria (33.14%), and Chloroflexi (10.14%), compared to a majority of Firmicutes (70.81%) in WAS-AD. This study provides a feasible strategy for the recovery of biogas combined with phosphorus from WAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Zhen Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Bingchuan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Sha Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Keke Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Qian Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Shaogang Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan 430074, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Jingping Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan 430074, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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10
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Schwarzwälder Sprovieri JA, Octavio de Souza TS, Contrera RC. Ammonia removal and recovery from municipal landfill leachates by heating. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 256:109947. [PMID: 31989979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this research, ammonia evaporation capacity under atmospheric and vacuum pressure conditions, as well as distillation capacity of different concentrations of landfill leachates, were evaluated. Simple evaporation and vacuum pressure evaporation tests showed high NH3-N removal efficiencies, ranging from 95% to 98% for raw landfill leachates, indicating that vacuum pressure would not be necessary during ammonia removal and recovery processes when applying temperature of 300 °C. Distillations tests also showed the promising NH3-N recovery potential in ultra-concentrated leachates (over 100 gNH3-N/L) in the order of 91%-94% in few minutes, evaporating a small portion of landfill leachate. The results presented encourages the recovery of ammonia from landfill leachate and its industrial and agricultural, highlighting its feasibility as well as simultaneously preventing the ammonia release to water bodies or the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Augusto Schwarzwälder Sprovieri
- Departamento de Engenharia Hidráulica e Ambiental (PHA), Escola Politécnica (EP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Avenida Prof. Almeida Prado, 83 Trav. 2, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Theo Syrto Octavio de Souza
- Departamento de Engenharia Hidráulica e Ambiental (PHA), Escola Politécnica (EP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Avenida Prof. Almeida Prado, 83 Trav. 2, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ronan Cleber Contrera
- Departamento de Engenharia Hidráulica e Ambiental (PHA), Escola Politécnica (EP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Avenida Prof. Almeida Prado, 83 Trav. 2, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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11
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Podder A, Reinhart D, Goel R. Integrated leachate management approach incorporating nutrient recovery and removal. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 102:420-431. [PMID: 31734553 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This manuscript presents an integrated management scheme for leachate which employed struvite precipitation to recover ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus, aerobic granular sludge process for carbon oxidation (in the form of BOD and sCOD) and single stage anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX) for nitrogen management. The influent fed to the integrated treatment scheme was a mixture of anaerobic digester centrate and real leachate in 4:1 ratio. Almost 77% recovery of phosphorus and 25% removal of NH4+-N were accomplished through struvite precipitation at an optimum pH of 9. High pH contributed to free ammonia loss during struvite precipitation experiments. In the aerobic granular sludge reactor overall, BOD5, COD and NH4+-N removal percentages were 74%, 45% and 35% and in the PN/A reactor, overall 35% removal of total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) was observed. More than 80% BOD removal was recorded in the granular reactor with soluble COD (sCOD) removal fluctuating between 28 and 57% depending on the operational phase. High-throughput amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA gene targeting V4 region revealed a dominance of phylum Planctomycetes, in the PN/A reactor system. Presence of Rhodobacteraceae, Xanthomonadaceae, Flavobacteriaceae in the granular biomass confirmed the defined redox zones inside mature granules indicating simultaneous removal of nitrogen (N) and organics in aerobic granular sludge technology. Exposing the synthetically cultured aerobic granules directly to the mixture of leachate and centrate unveiled an alteration in physical characteristics of granules; however, reactor operational data and microbial community analysis ascertain the effectiveness of the treatment scheme treating two urban waste-streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Podder
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Debra Reinhart
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Ramesh Goel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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12
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Huang H, Li B, Li J, Zhang P, Yu W, Zhao N, Guo G, Young B. Influence of process parameters on the heavy metal (Zn 2+, Cu 2+ and Cr 3+) content of struvite obtained from synthetic swine wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 245:658-665. [PMID: 30500746 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Struvite recovered from swine wastewater can be used as a good slow release fertilizer. Nevertheless, the presence of heavy metals would be easily precipitated with struvite and increase the ecological risk for its agricultural use. This paper investigated the possibility of using process variables for heavy metal (Cu2+, Zn2+ and Cr3+) minimization during struvite crystallization in swine wastewater. The heavy metal content, effect ratios (ER) of the citric acid concentration under varying conditions were tested and their SEM, EDS and XRD patterns were compared for morphology analysis. The results show that an increase in pH decreased the content of Cu, Zn and Cr in recovered precipitates. Heavy metal content in the precipitates increased markedly with their initial concentrations in the solution. The effect ratio calculation indicates that Cr has the strongest co-precipitation potential, followed by Zn and Cu. An increase in citric acid concentration reduced the heavy metal removal efficiency (14.3, 27.7 and 28.1% for Cu, Zn and Cr, respectively) but did not decrease their content in struvite precipitates. What is more, increase of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) to soluble phosphate molar ratio significantly decreased Cu, Zn removal efficiency (52.2 and 50% respectively), while Mg:PO4P molar ratio had much less effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Huang
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, China; Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Jing Li
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ning Zhao
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Guojun Guo
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Brent Young
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, New Zealand
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Treatment of hazardous leachate from landfill using ultrasound/H2O2 system. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-017-1919-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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