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Liang Y, Zhang S, Wang D, Ji P, Zhang B, Wu P, Wang L, Liu Z, Wang J, Duan Y, Yuan L. Dual-Functional Nanodroplet for Tumor Vasculature Ultrasound Imaging and Tumor Immunosuppressive Microenvironment Remodeling. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401274. [PMID: 39031111 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Accurately evaluating tumor neoangiogenesis and conducting precise interventions toward an immune-favorable microenvironment are of significant clinical importance. In this study, a novel nanodroplet termed as the nanodroplet-based ultrasound contrast agent and therapeutic (NDsUCA/Tx) is designed for ultrasound imaging and precise interventions of tumor neoangiogenesis. Briefly, the NDsUCA/Tx shell is constructed from an engineered CMs containing the tumor antigen, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) extracellular domain 2-3, and CD93 ligand multimerin 2. The core is composed of perfluorohexane and the immune adjuvant R848. After injection, NDsUCA/Tx is found to be enriched in the tumor vasculature with high expression of CD93. When triggered by ultrasound, the perfluorohexane in NDsUCA/Tx underwent acoustic droplet vaporization and generated an enhanced ultrasound signal. Some microbubbles exploded and the resultant debris (with tumor antigen and R848) together with the adsorbed VEGF are taken up by nearby cells. This cleared the local VEGF for vascular normalization, and also served as a vaccine to activate the immune response. Using a syngeneic mouse model, the satisfactory performance of NDsUCA/Tx in tumor vasculature imaging and immune activation is confirmed. Thus, a multifunctional NDsUCA/Tx is successfully developed for molecular imaging of tumor neoangiogenesis and precise remodeling of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Siyan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Dingyi Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Panpan Ji
- Department of Digestive Surgery Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Pengying Wu
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Lantian Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyou Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Yunyou Duan
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
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Vlatakis S, Zhang W, Thomas S, Cressey P, Moldovan AC, Metzger H, Prentice P, Cochran S, Thanou M. Effect of Phase-Change Nanodroplets and Ultrasound on Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability In Vitro. Pharmaceutics 2023; 16:51. [PMID: 38258062 PMCID: PMC10818572 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Phase-change nanodroplets (PCND;NDs) are emulsions with a perfluorocarbon (PFC) core that undergo acoustic vaporisation as a response to ultrasound (US). Nanodroplets change to microbubbles and cavitate while under the effect of US. This cavitation can apply forces on cell connections in biological barrier membranes, such as the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and trigger a transient and reversible increased permeability to molecules and matter. This study aims to present the preparation of lipid-based NDs and investigate their effects on the brain endothelial cell barrier in vitro. The NDs were prepared using the thin-film hydration method, followed by the PFC addition. They were characterised for size, cavitation (using a high-speed camera), and PFC encapsulation (using FTIR). The bEnd.3 (mouse brain endothelial) cells were seeded onto transwell inserts. Fluorescein with NDs and/or microbubbles were applied on the bEND3 cells and the effect of US on fluorescein permeability was measured. The Live/Dead assay was used to assess the BBB integrity after the treatments. Size and PFC content analysis indicated that the NDs were stable while stored. High-speed camera imaging confirmed that the NDs cavitate after US exposure of 0.12 MPa. The BBB cell model experiments revealed a 4-fold increase in cell membrane permeation after the combined application of US and NDs. The Live/Dead assay results indicated damage to the BBB membrane integrity, but this damage was less when compared to the one caused by microbubbles. This in vitro study shows that nanodroplets have the potential to cause BBB opening in a similar manner to microbubbles. Both cavitation agents caused damage on the endothelial cells. It appears that NDs cause less cell damage compared to microbubbles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavros Vlatakis
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK; (S.V.); (W.Z.); (S.T.); (P.C.)
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK; (S.V.); (W.Z.); (S.T.); (P.C.)
| | - Sarah Thomas
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK; (S.V.); (W.Z.); (S.T.); (P.C.)
| | - Paul Cressey
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK; (S.V.); (W.Z.); (S.T.); (P.C.)
| | - Alexandru Corneliu Moldovan
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; (A.C.M.); (H.M.); (P.P.); (S.C.)
| | - Hilde Metzger
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; (A.C.M.); (H.M.); (P.P.); (S.C.)
| | - Paul Prentice
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; (A.C.M.); (H.M.); (P.P.); (S.C.)
| | - Sandy Cochran
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; (A.C.M.); (H.M.); (P.P.); (S.C.)
| | - Maya Thanou
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK; (S.V.); (W.Z.); (S.T.); (P.C.)
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