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Bogari M, Alzahrani BA, Aghashami AS, Alsubeay AMS, Hassan F, Ahmed ME, Almuqati MM. Male Sexual Dysfunction-Related Medical Comorbidities in a Tertiary Care Center, Western Region, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e41732. [PMID: 37575739 PMCID: PMC10415090 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sexual functionality is considered a vital component of human life and quality of life. Issues with sexual functionality can be a source of distress, lower self-esteem, and lower quality of life. Early detection of medical comorbidities can significantly lower the effect on sexual function. In Saudi Arabia, studies investigating the association between medical comorbidities and male sexual dysfunction (MSD) are limited. Therefore, our goal was to fill this knowledge gap. AIM This study aimed to analyze and elaborate on all cases of MSD at a tertiary hospital, in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia from 2016 to 2021. METHOD This is a cross-sectional retrospective study. The medical records of 321 patients diagnosed with MSD from 2016 to 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. The age, sex, type of sexual dysfunction, comorbidities, and lipids profile were some of the factors obtained from the patient's computerized medical records. RESULTS The study population included 321 men with MSD and a mean age of approximately 53 years (SD=11.5). Among the sexual dysfunction pattern, only erectile dysfunction (ED) was found in 279 (86.9%) patients. ED duration lasted one to five years in 169 (52.8%) patients. Most of the patients (196, 61.1%) had mild ED severity. Medical causes were seen in 278 (80.4%) patients. The most frequent comorbidities were diabetes mellitus (DM) in 179 (55.8%) patients, hypertension (HTN) in 155 (48.2%) patients, and dyslipidemia in 113 (35.2%) patients. Smoking was not a risk factor for ED. The risk of having a severe form of ED was associated with idiopathic causes, HTN, DM, and ischemic heart disease (IHD). The risk of having a long duration of ED was related to idiopathic causes of ED and high serum creatinine levels. CONCLUSION In conclusion, patients diagnosed with DM, HTN, and IHD are at greater risk to experience a severe form of ED. It is crucial to keep erection function in mind for patients with DM, HTN, and IHD as this is associated with severe ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Bogari
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Basil A Alzahrani
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Afnan S Aghashami
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | | | - Fadil Hassan
- Urology, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Mohamed E Ahmed
- Basic Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
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Hevesi K, Tamas S, Rowland DL. Why Men Masturbate: Reasons and Correlates in Men with and without Sexual Dysfunction. JOURNAL OF SEX & MARITAL THERAPY 2023; 49:783-797. [PMID: 37125683 DOI: 10.1080/0092623x.2023.2204088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Men purportedly masturbate for a variety of reasons, but systematic investigation of men's reasons has been lacking. We analyzed reasons why men masturbate (n = 2967, mean age = 37.7, SD = 12.9), whether men with and without sexual problems differ in their reasons, and whether those reasons vary with the frequency of masturbation and partnered sex. Results indicated that deriving pleasure, decreasing sexual tension, and reducing anxiety/stress were among the top motives, whereas partner issues were cited less frequently. Men with sexual dysfunctions showed only minor differences from men without sexual dysfunctions, the former more often citing anxiety/stress reduction as a motive. In addition, samples tapping participants from two world regions showed only minor differences in their patterns of responding. Motives for masturbation were also related to both the frequency of masturbation and the frequency of partnered sex. Overall, these findings indicate that men, like women, masturbate primarily for the positive reinforcing effects of pleasure, but in contrast with women, men are also more likely to use masturbation for the negatively reinforcing effects of reducing anxiety/distress. Unsatisfying sex with the partner and/or relationship issues were cited as a reason for masturbation in only a minority of men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Hevesi
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Stella Tamas
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David L Rowland
- Department of Psychology, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, IN, USA
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Carcedo RJ, Perlman D, Fernández-Rouco N, Pérez F, Hervalejo D. Sexual Satisfaction and Mental Health in Prison Inmates. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8050705. [PMID: 31108966 PMCID: PMC6571614 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The main goal of this study was to investigate the association between sexual satisfaction and mental health, and the combined effect of two previously found, statistically significant moderators: partner status and sexual abstinence. In-person interviews were conducted with 223 participants (49.327% males and 50.673% females). The effect of sexual satisfaction on mental health and the interactions of sexual satisfaction × partner status, sexual satisfaction × sexual abstinence, and sexual satisfaction × partner status × sexual abstinence were examined using simple moderation and moderated moderation tests after controlling for a set of sociodemographic, penitentiary, and interpersonal variables. Results revealed a direct relationship between sexual satisfaction and mental health only for the sexually abstinent group. Partner status was not significant as a moderator. It seems that the lack of sexual relationships is more powerful as a moderator than the lack of a romantic relationship. Additionally, the sexually abstinent group showed lower levels of sexual satisfaction in those with a partner outside or inside prison, and lower mental health independently of the current romantic status, than sexually active inmates. These findings point to the importance of sexual satisfaction to mental health in sexual situations of extreme disadvantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo J Carcedo
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca 37005, Spain.
| | - Daniel Perlman
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, USA.
| | | | - Fernando Pérez
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca 37005, Spain.
| | - Diego Hervalejo
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca 37005, Spain.
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Verze P, Arcaniolo D, Palmieri A, Cai T, La Rocca R, Franco M, Venturino L, De Sio M, Mirone V. Premature Ejaculation Among Italian Men: Prevalence and Clinical Correlates From an Observational, Non-Interventional, Cross-Sectional, Epidemiological Study (IPER). Sex Med 2018; 6:193-202. [PMID: 29803639 PMCID: PMC6085227 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is a great variability in the prevalence of premature ejaculation (PE) worldwide and only few data are available about the Italian population. Aim To determine the prevalence of PE in the adult male population in Italy. Methods Adult men 18 to 80 years old who were sexually active were randomly sampled from patient lists of general practitioners in Italy and were included in this observational, non-interventional, cross-sectional epidemiologic study from January to July 2015. Main Outcome Measures Subjects were asked to complete general questionnaires on anthropometric data, lifestyle, education, occupation, economic conditions, general health status, comorbidities, and sexual habits: the Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT), the 5-item International Index of Erectile Function, and the Sexual Quality of Life Questionnaire–Male. Results 1,104 subjects were recruited. Mean age was 45.6 years. Mean prevalence of PE based on PEDT score (≥11) was 18.5%, and 12.4% self-reported an intravaginal ejaculatory latency time shorter than 1 minute. Prevalence of PE proportionally increased with age. 64.6% of patients presented lifelong PE vs 35.4% of patients who reported acquired PE. Estimated prevalence of coexisting PE and erectile dysfunction was 7.0%. Furthermore, overall quality of sexual life was significantly worse in men with PE (P = .006). Enrolled men reported an overall rate of sexual problems in their partners of approximately 30%. 31.3% of patients with PE did not seek help for their dysfunction. No significant differences were noted between patients with and without PE for body mass index, alcohol consumption, smoking habits, physical activity, education, economic conditions, and marital status. Conclusions PE has a high prevalence in the Italian male population, increases with age, and heavily affects quality of life in patients and their partners. Encouraging data exist concerning the percentage of patients seeking help for their condition. Verze P, Arcaniolo D, Palmieri A, et al. Premature Ejaculation Among Italian Men: Prevalence and Clinical Correlates From an Observational, Non-Interventional, Cross-Sectional, Epidemiological Study (IPER). Sex Med 2018;6:193–202.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Verze
- Department of Neurosciences, Sciences of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Arcaniolo
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, Urology Unit, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Palmieri
- Department of Neurosciences, Sciences of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Tommaso Cai
- Department of Urology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Roberto La Rocca
- Department of Neurosciences, Sciences of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Franco
- Department of Neurosciences, Sciences of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Venturino
- Department of Neurosciences, Sciences of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Marco De Sio
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, Urology Unit, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mirone
- Department of Neurosciences, Sciences of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
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Karabakan M, Bozkurt A, Hirik E, Celebi B, Akdemir S, Guzel O, Nuhoglu B. The prevalence of premature ejaculation in young Turkish men. Andrologia 2016; 48:895-899. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Karabakan
- Mengucek Gazi Training and Research Hospital; Urology Department; Erzincan University; Erzincan Turkey
| | - A. Bozkurt
- Mengucek Gazi Training and Research Hospital; Urology Department; Erzincan University; Erzincan Turkey
| | - E. Hirik
- Mengucek Gazi Training and Research Hospital; Urology Department; Erzincan University; Erzincan Turkey
| | - B. Celebi
- Mengucek Gazi Training and Research Hospital; Urology Department; Erzincan University; Erzincan Turkey
| | - S. Akdemir
- Medical Park Hospital; Urology Department; Izmir University; Izmir Turkey
| | - O. Guzel
- Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital; Urology Department; Ankara Turkey
| | - B. Nuhoglu
- Mengucek Gazi Training and Research Hospital; Urology Department; Erzincan University; Erzincan Turkey
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Implication of Cigarette Smoking and Cessation on Sexual Function in Men and Women. CURRENT SEXUAL HEALTH REPORTS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11930-014-0028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Naidan N, Rivaad OE, Muukhai N, Janlav M. Testosterone deficiency with erectile dysfunction in mongolian men. World J Mens Health 2013; 31:170-5. [PMID: 24044113 PMCID: PMC3770853 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.2013.31.2.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To detect the testosterone deficiency syndrome in Mongolian men over 40 years old with erectile dysfunction (ED). Materials and Methods Total of 309 males over 40 years of age who received medical care at the ADAM Urology and Andrology Clinic from 2010 to 2011 were included in this study. An approval from the Ethics Committee of the Ministry of Health of Mongolia was obtained, and each study participant signed a consent form at the beginning of the study. The participants were assigned to either an ED group or a control group, depending on the results of the international index of erectile function (IIEF)-5 questionnaire. The ED group was further divided into three groups (moderate, severe, and very severe) based on the level of ED. The total testosterone (TT) levels were determined in the blood serum using a competitive enzyme-linked immunesorbent assay (ELISA) analytical system UBI Magiwel™ Testosterone Quantitative test, and free testosterone (FT) calculated as described by the Vermeulen calculation. Test samples were collected between 8:00 and 11:00 am in the mornings and testosterone deficiency syndrome was diagnosed based on the International Society for the Study of the Aging Male guidelines, particularly, if TT was ≤3.46 ng/ml or free testosterone FT was ≤0.072 ng/ml. Results ED of moderate, severe, and very severe levels was diagnosed in 199 (64.41%) out of 309 participants. There was an inverse relationship between the main IIEF-5 score and age (r=-0.380, p<0.01). The average TT was 5.75±2.316 ng/ml and FT was 0.091±0.0084 ng/ml. Compared to the ED group, the control group had a higher TT level: 5.6440±1.177 ng/ml and 5.812±2.316 ng/ml, respectively. In the control group, the FT level was 0.061±0.0084 ng/ml, whereas it was 0.041±0.0076 ng/ml in the ED group. Conclusions Our study showed that most of the aging males who came to the clinic had moderate to very severe ED (64.55%). The levels of TT (5.644±1.177 ng/ml) and FT (0.041±0.0036 ng/ml) were significantly lower in ED patients (p<0.05). The testosterone deficiency syndrome was detected in 24.27% of the ED group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nansalmaa Naidan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Health Sciences University of Mongolia and ADAM Urology and Andrology Clinic, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
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Prevalence rate and risk factors of depression in outpatients with premature ejaculation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:317468. [PMID: 23844361 PMCID: PMC3697283 DOI: 10.1155/2013/317468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2013] [Revised: 06/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence rate and risk factors of depression in outpatients who were diagnosed with PE. Therefore, between September 2009 and September 2011, 1801 outpatients at andrology clinics were enrolled and consented to participate in our survey by completed a verbal questionnaire. It included the following: (1) demographic data (e.g., age, body mass index), (2) PE duration, medical history, and sexual history, (3) self-estimated intravaginal ejaculatory latency times, (4) the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), and (5) the National Institute of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) and (6) the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5). The results showed that a total of 1,206 patients were diagnosed with PE. The prevalence rate of depression in these PE patients was 26.78%. Depression was associated with PE duration, NIH-CPSI score, and IIEF-5 score. Risk factors for depression specifically included PE durations for 13-24, 25-60, or ≥61 months, CPSI scores of 15-30 or ≥31, and IIEF-5 scores <22. These findings suggested that several associated factors (PE duration, CPSI scores, and IIEF-5 scores) were the risk factors of depression in men with PE.
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9
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Costa RM. Masturbation is related to psychopathology and prostate dysfunction: comment on Quinsey (2012). ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2012; 41:539-540. [PMID: 22528038 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-012-9956-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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10
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Li D, Jiang X, Zhang X, Yi L, Zhu X, Zeng X, Guo X, Tang Y. Multicenter pathophysiologic investigation of erectile dysfunction in clinic outpatients in China. Urology 2012; 79:601-6. [PMID: 22386407 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the pathophysiologic composition and age structure of erectile dysfunction (ED) in men visiting outpatient clinics in China. METHODS We studied 3327 consecutive ED outpatients (median age 39 years) from 2006 to 2010 in the 5 training hospitals in China. Every patient was independently evaluated by an experienced urologist/andrologist using comprehensive diagnostic procedures. The simplified International Index of Erectile Function was used to assess the severity of ED. RESULTS Most patients (95.0%) were <60 years old, and none were >70 years old. The psychogenic patients were younger and had greater percentage than any other patients. Vasculogenic factors were a major etiology of organic ED. A significant difference was found in the age distribution between the patients with psychogenic ED and those with organic ED (P = .000). Diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and hyperlipidemia played significant roles in affecting the severity of ED in a statistical model, including age. The International Index of Erectile Function scores decreased with age (rs = -0.199, P = .000). Moreover, the percentage of severe and moderate cases increased with age (P = .003 and P = .002, respectively). However, the constituent ratio of patients sharply declined from 30.3% to 4.5% with age. CONCLUSION The number of men visiting outpatient clinics with psychological ED is greater than the number with organic causes in China. The age of the Chinese patients with ED who seek medical help is young and this is mainly because of inadequate sex education to young men and because most older patients are reluctant to visit the hospital just for the loss of erectile function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjie Li
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Abstract
Sex has always been a taboo subject in Asian society. However, over the past few years, awareness in the field of men's sexual health has improved, and interest in sexual health research has recently increased. The epidemiology and prevalence of erectile dysfunction, hypogonadism and premature ejaculation in Asia are similar in the West. However, several issues are specific to Asian males, including culture and beliefs, awareness, compliance and the availability of traditional/complementary medicine. In Asia, sexual medicine is still in its infancy, and a concerted effort from the government, relevant societies, physicians and the media is required to propel sexual medicine to the forefront of health care.
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Prevalence and medical management of erectile dysfunction in Asia. Asian J Androl 2011; 13:543-9. [PMID: 21460862 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2010.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is an important worldwide health issue that has a significant negative impact on the quality of life and life satisfaction of both the affected individual and his partner. Here we review the prevalence of ED in Asia, associated factors that may influence sexual attitudes and sexual behaviours, and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of PDE-5 inhibitors in Asian men. We searched for English-language articles in MEDLINE and PubMed from January 2000 to September 2010. Our results showed that the overall reported prevalence rate of ED in Asia ranged widely, from 2% to 88%. This finding indicates that ED is a common and major health problem in this region. However, sociocultural and economic factors in Asia prevent people from seeking and obtaining appropriate medical care. We found reports on five kinds of PDE-5 inhibitors for the management of ED: sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil, udenafil and mirodenafil. The results of RCTs showed that these five PDE-5 inhibitors are more effective than placebo in improving erectile function in Asian men with ED and that these drugs have similar efficacy and safety profiles.
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Son H, Song SH, Lee JY, Paick JS. Relationship between premature ejaculation and depression in Korean males. J Sex Med 2011; 8:2062-70. [PMID: 21235722 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.02173.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The psychological impacts of premature ejaculation (PE), which include guilt, anxiety, and distress, have been well established in Western countries. However, in Asia, although a substantial number of epidemiological studies have surveyed the prevalence of PE, researchers have not thoroughly investigated the relationship between PE and depression, or have defined PE properly. AIM We studied the association between PE and depression and other psychological disturbances, in a Korean cohort by applying an appropriate definition for PE and validated outcome measures of depression. METHODS. A total of 956 males (≥20 years) were initially approached via an Internet survey company. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire requesting detailed medical and sexual histories, which included questions from the Erectile Function Domain score in the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The prevalence of PE was evaluated using two different definitions-self-assessed PE and presumed PE. Presumed PE was defined as a short ejaculation time (an estimated intravaginal ejaculatory latency time ≤5 minutes), an inability to control ejaculation, and the presence of distress resulting from PE. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Ejaculation-related questionnaire, the IIEF-EF, and BDI. RESULTS A total of 334 men were evaluated. The prevalence of PE was 10.5% according to the Presumed PE definition, whereas by self-assessment, it was 25.4%. Self-assessed PE patients suffered from various psychological problems, such as depression, low self-esteem, bother, and low sexual satisfaction. Even after excluding erectile dysfunction (ED) subjects, a significant relationship was found between self-assessed PE and depression. Moreover, after further classification of the Self-assessed PE group, we found that subjects included in this group, but not in the Presumed PE group, suffered more from psychological burden than any other members of the cohort. CONCLUSION Korean men with subjective perceptions of PE are prone to various psychological problems, which include depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwancheol Son
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Lewis RW. Epidemiology of sexual dysfunction in Asia compared to the rest of the world. Asian J Androl 2010; 13:152-8. [PMID: 21076440 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2010.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been a limited number of epidemiological studies published on sexual disorders in persons from Asia. This paper aims to assess the reports of sexual dysfunction epidemiological studies published in the English language that involved Asian countries. Key points are summarized in this paper from nine epidemiological papers on sexual dysfunction from Asia that were published in the English language. Seven met the criteria for evidence-based studies reaching a Prins score of at least 10 or more. Papers included in this report came from national and regional representative studies in peer review journals. These results for sexual dysfunction in the nine papers are summarized for various sexual dysfunctions in men and women in Asian countries. In three of these, worldwide data were presented in the same paper allowing comparisons with Asian data on prevalence rates. Detailed descriptions from each of these studies are presented in paragraph form. More detailed data on erectile dysfunction (ED) is presented in a tabular form. Collectively, there seems to be a need for country- and population-specific further descriptive and analytical epidemiological studies in all of the sexual disorders from Asia. This critical review paper should help guide these studies for reaching evidence-based literature standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald W Lewis
- Section of Urology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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Abstract
The aging man is becoming a major burden to Asian countries because of the current poor health status of Asian men and the aging Asian population. Life expectancy at birth for men is shorter than women by an average of 4 years in Asian countries and major causes of death are cardiovascular disease, cancers, injuries and infections. However, there are considerable variations between Asian countries because of great disparity in socioeconomic status. Male-specific disorders, such as male sexual health and urological conditions, are other major health burdens because they have a great impact on men's quality of life. More importantly, many risk factors to the causes of mortality and morbidities, such as high-risk behavior and smoking, can be improved with health promotion and early intervention. The current evidence suggests that the poor health status of men is the result of their poor health care utilization, negative health-seeking behavior, the adverse social environment for men and gender-insensitive health care delivery. However, much evidence is still needed as Asian countries have great diversity in culture, societal values and men's needs. Asian time-tested wisdom on a balanced healthy lifestyle to longevity should be explored as potential men's health promotional programs. Taking into account Asian men's health-care needs, a gender-streamlined approach and man-friendly health care delivery should be on the national agenda in managing the aging man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seng Fah Tong
- Department of Family Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Carcedo RJ, López F, Begoña Orgaz M, Toth K, Fernández-Rouco N. Men and women in the same prison: interpersonal needs and psychological health of prison inmates. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2008; 52:641-657. [PMID: 18212069 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x07311596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender differences in the state of interpersonal needs and psychological health of male and female prison inmates who live in the same prison. The authors conducted in-person interviews with 118 male and 70 female inmates. The results show that women present a better interpersonal state and psychological health than do men. For both genders, the consequences of fulfilling or not fulfilling interpersonal needs-specifically, social loneliness and sexual satisfaction-are associated with psychological health. These findings suggest the importance of the state of prison inmates' interpersonal needs in promoting psychological health in the context of the prison, where these needs are generally difficult to be met. Making contacts possible between male and female inmates who are in the same prison might help them to better fulfill some of their interpersonal needs, especially those related to their sexual lives.
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Low WY, Tong SF, Tan HM. Erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation and hypogonadism and men’s quality of life: an Asian perspective. JOURNAL OF MENS HEALTH 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jomh.2008.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kar N, Koola MM. A Pilot Survey of Sexual Functioning and Preferences in a Sample of English-Speaking Adults from a Small South Indian Town. J Sex Med 2007; 4:1254-61. [PMID: 17672829 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2007.00543.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a dearth of recent information on sexual functioning and preferences from an Indian population. AIM To study sexual functioning and preferences in a sample of English-speaking adults in a small town in South India. METHOD Responses were obtained through a postal questionnaire method and were analyzed. Study document included an explanation of the study, sociodemographic details, a sexual functioning questionnaire, a semistructured sexual preference questionnaire, and meanings of terms used in the questionnaires. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Frequency of various sexual functions, difficulties, and preferences over a period of 1 month. RESULTS Sixty-one subjects out of 200 English-speaking persons from a south Indian town returned the questionnaire. Common sexual difficulties included decreased interest in sex (16.4%), arousal difficulties (21.3%), orgasmic difficulties in females (28.6%), and premature ejaculation in males (15.2%). Masturbation was considered wrong by 18% of respondents; with almost 40% of females and 6% of males reported to have never masturbated. There were many differences in the sexual functioning of married compared to unmarried persons and other sociodemographic groups. Practice of various sexual preferences was reported: voyeurism (41.0%), fetishism (18.0%), frotteurism (11.5%), homosexuality (11.5%), telephone scatology (9.8%), and incest (8.2%) being more common. In a small minority, telephone scatology (3.3%), voyeurism (1.6%), and fetishism (1.6%) were reported to be the only method of sexual gratification. CONCLUSIONS Sexual difficulties were similar to other reports in different cultures. Varieties of preferences were practiced, and there were variations among different sociodemographic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilamadhab Kar
- Wolverhampton City Primary Care Trust, Wolverhampton, UK.
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Ahn TY, Park JK, Lee SW, Hong JH, Park NC, Kim JJ, Park K, Park H, Hyun JS. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Erectile Dysfunction in Korean Men: Results of an Epidemiological Study. J Sex Med 2007; 4:1269-76. [PMID: 17635695 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2007.00554.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) and associated risk factors has been described in many countries, but there are still only a few studies from Asia. AIM We investigated the prevalences of ED and premature ejaculation (PE) in Korean men and the impact of general health, lifestyle, and psychosocial factors on these conditions. METHODS To assess ED and PE, 1,570 Korean men aged 40-79 years were interviewed with a self-administered questionnaire on sexual function and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-5. In addition, blood chemistry was analyzed for each subject. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The prevalences of ED and PE were obtained from self-reported ED, IIEF-5 scoring, EF (erectile function) domain scoring, and self-reported intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT). The data were analyzed for the presence of risk factors and the relationship of general health, lifestyle, and psychosocial factors with ED. RESULTS The prevalences of ED among Korean men were 13.4% (self-reported ED) and 32.4% (IIEF-5 score <or= 17), and PE prevalences were 11% (IELT <or= 2-min) and 33.1% (IELT <or= 5-min). ED was more prevalent in the subject groups with older age, lower income, or lower education, and in subjects without a spouse. ED prevalence was positively associated with risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, psychological stress, and obesity. Levels of serum hemoglobin (Hb) A1c, triglycerides, testosterone, or dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) were significantly different between the ED and non-ED groups. CONCLUSIONS The prevalences of ED and PE in Korean men were 13.4% (self-reported ED) and 11% (IELT <or= 2-min), respectively. Risk factors and other socioeconomic and mental health factors were associated with ED prevalence. Biochemical factors such as HbA1c, triglycerides, testosterone, and DHEA-S were significantly related to ED prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai Young Ahn
- Department of Urology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Dean J. The European Online Sexual Survey (EOSS): Pan-European Perspectives on the Impact of Premature Ejaculation and Treatment-Seeking Behavior. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eursup.2007.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Cheng JYW, Ng EML, Chen RYL, Ko JSN. Prevalence of erectile dysfunction in Asian populations: a meta-analysis. Int J Impot Res 2006; 19:229-44. [PMID: 16929338 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijir.3901517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We searched for published studies on the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) in Asian populations, through Medline, PubMed, PsychInfo and scanned through reference lists. Data on prevalence rates were obtained and summarized for each Asian region, and were used to calculate pooled prevalence estimates using fixed and random effects models. As significant heterogeneity existed in certain age group categories, the random effects model was preferred. Twenty general population studies were identified. Six studies were eligible to be entered into the pooling of results, and provided 8653 subjects for analysis. The prevalence of ED increased with age. Pooled random effects age-specific prevalence rates were 15.1% (12.2-18.1), 29.6% (19.7-39.6), 40.6% (23.6-57.7), 54.3% (36.0-72.6) and 70.0% (62.3-77.7) for age groups 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 and 60-69 years, respectively. Homogeneity of results in age groups 20-29 and 60-69 years suggested equally low and high prevalences of ED across Asian regions in these age groups, respectively. The overall reported prevalence in individual studies ranged from 2 to 81.8%. Prevalence rates and related information were summarized for each Asian region and for each study.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y W Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.
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Lau JTF, Yang X, Cheng Y, Wang Q. Co-occurrence of sexual dysfunction within young married couple dyads living in rural China: a population-based study. Int J Impot Res 2005; 18:150-9. [PMID: 16079898 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijir.3901378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A total of 298 randomly selected married couple dyads in rural China were studied. Sexual dysfunction (SD) was reported by 84 (28.2%) of the husbands and 136 (45.6%) of the wives. Co-occurrence of SD was reported by 51 of the married couples; hence, SD co-occurred in the spouses of 60.7% of the husbands with SD and 37.5% of wives reporting SD. Pain during intercourse but not other SD of the wives was associated with SD of the husbands. Men's SD including inability to achieve orgasm, finding sex not pleasurable and lack of interest in sex, but not premature ejaculation or erectile dysfunction, were associated with the presence of SD among the wives. Decision-making control on sexual matters, communication between the spouses on sexual problems, the seeking of professional help, perceived adequacy of sexual knowledge as well as mental health and vitality quality of life indices were associated with co-occurrence of SD within the couple dyads.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T F Lau
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
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