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Schmeusser BN, Ali AA, Fintelmann FJ, Garcia JM, Williams GR, Master VA, Psutka SP. Imaging Techniques to Determine Degree of Sarcopenia and Systemic Inflammation in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma. Curr Urol Rep 2023:10.1007/s11934-023-01157-6. [PMID: 37036632 DOI: 10.1007/s11934-023-01157-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to provide an up-to-date understanding regarding the literature on sarcopenia and inflammation as prognostic factors in the context of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). RECENT FINDINGS Sarcopenia is increasingly recognized as a prognostic factor in RCC. Emerging literature suggests monitoring quantity of muscle on successive imaging and examining muscle density may be additionally informative. Inflammation has prognostic ability in RCC and is also considered a key contributor to development and progression of both RCC and sarcopenia. Recent studies suggest these two prognostic factors together may provide additional prognostic ability when used in combination. Ongoing developments include quality control regarding sarcopenia research and imaging, improving understanding of muscle loss mechanisms, and enhancing clinical incorporation of sarcopenia via improving imaging analysis practicality (i.e., artificial intelligence) and feasible biomarkers. Sarcopenia and systemic inflammation are complementary prognostic factors for adverse outcomes in patients with RCC. Further study on high-quality sarcopenia assessment standardization and expedited sarcopenia assessment is desired for eventual routine clinical incorporation of these prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin N Schmeusser
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road NE, Building B, Suite 1400, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Adil A Ali
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road NE, Building B, Suite 1400, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | | | - Jose M Garcia
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Grant R Williams
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Viraj A Master
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road NE, Building B, Suite 1400, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Sarah P Psutka
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Stree, Box 356510, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Takaichi S, Tomimaru Y, Kobayashi S, Toya K, Sasaki K, Iwagami Y, Yamada D, Noda T, Takahashi H, Asaoka T, Tanemura M, Doki Y, Eguchi H. Change Impact of Body Composition During Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Resectable and Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Undergoing Pancreatectomy. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:2458-2468. [PMID: 36575288 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-12985-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The change impact of body composition during neoadjuvant therapy on clinical outcomes in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between changes in body composition during neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) and postoperative outcomes in patients with PDAC undergoing pancreatectomy, using three-dimensional images. METHODS We reviewed 66 consecutive patients with resectable/borderline resectable PDAC receiving gemcitabine and S-1 with radiotherapy between April 2010 and June 2016. Body compositions were evaluated pre- and post-NACRT. All patients were hospitalized and supplied with regulated diet during NACRT treatment. RESULTS Psoas major muscle volume index (PMI), abdominal fat volume index, and visceral fat volume index decreased significantly after NACRT (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, respectively). The post-NACRT CA19-9 level decreased significantly in the small-PMI-decrease group compared with the large-PMI-decrease group (P = 0.046). Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) of the large-PMI-decrease group were significantly poorer than those of the small-PMI-decrease group (P = 0.002, P = 0.006, respectively). On the other hand, there were no significant differences in RFS and OS between groups with high and low PMI, at the point of either pre-NACRT (P = 0.117, P = 0.123, respectively) or post-NACRT (P = 0.065, P = 0.064, respectively). Multivariate analysis identified a large percentage decrease in PMI as an independent risk factor for recurrence and death (P = 0.003, P = 0.002, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Loss of skeletal muscle mass during NACRT was an independent risk factor for survival in patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Takaichi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshito Tomimaru
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Shogo Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Toya
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sasaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Iwagami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Daisaku Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Takehiro Noda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Hidenori Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Asaoka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tanemura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Rinku General Medical Center, Izumisano, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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Brown JT, Liu Y, Shabto JM, Martini D, Ravindranathan D, Hitron EE, Russler GA, Caulfield S, Yantorni L, Joshi SS, Kissick H, Ogan K, Nazha B, Carthon BC, Kucuk O, Harris WB, Master VA, Bilen MA. Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score associated with survival in metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-002851. [PMID: 34326170 PMCID: PMC8323383 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) is a composite biomarker that uses albumin and C reactive protein (CRP). There are multiple immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combinations approved for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). We investigated the ability of mGPS to predict outcomes in patients with mRCC receiving ICI. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed patients with mRCC treated with ICI as monotherapy or in combination at Winship Cancer Institute between 2015 and 2020. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were measured from the start date of ICI until death or clinical/radiographical progression, respectively. The baseline mGPS was defined as a summary score based on pre-ICI values with one point given for CRP>10 mg/L and/or albumin<3.5 g/dL, resulting in possible scores of 0, 1 and 2. If only albumin was low with a normal CRP, no points were awarded. Univariate analysis (UVA) and multivariate analysis (MVA) were carried out using Cox proportional hazard model. Outcomes were also assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS 156 patients were included with a median follow-up 24.2 months. The median age was 64 years and 78% had clear cell histology. Baseline mGPS was 0 in 36%, 1 in 40% and 2 in 24% of patients. In UVA, a baseline mGPS of 2 was associated with shorter OS (HR 4.29, 95% CI 2.24 to 8.24, p<0.001) and PFS (HR 1.90, 95% CI 1.20 to 3.01, p=0.006) relative to a score of 0; this disparity in outcome based on baseline mGPS persisted in MVA. The respective median OS of patients with baseline mGPS of 0, 1 and 2 was 44.5 (95% CI 27.3 to not evaluable), 15.3 (95% CI 11.0 to 24.2) and 10 (95% CI 4.6 to 17.5) months (p<0.0001). The median PFS of these three cohorts was 6.7 (95% CI 3.6 to 13.1), 4.2 (95% CI 2.9 to 6.2) and 2.6 (95% CI 2.0 to 5.6), respectively (p=0.0216). The discrimination power of baseline mGPS to predict survival outcomes was comparable to the IMDC risk score based on Uno's c-statistic (OS: 0.6312 vs 0.6102, PFS: 0.5752 vs 0.5533). CONCLUSION The mGPS is prognostic in this cohort of patients with mRCC treated with ICI as monotherapy or in combination. These results warrant external and prospective validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline T Brown
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yuan Liu
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Julie M Shabto
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dylan Martini
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Deepak Ravindranathan
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Emilie Elise Hitron
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Greta Anne Russler
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sarah Caulfield
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lauren Yantorni
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Shreyas Subhash Joshi
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Haydn Kissick
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kenneth Ogan
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Bassel Nazha
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Bradley C Carthon
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Omer Kucuk
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Wayne B Harris
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Viraj A Master
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mehmet Asim Bilen
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA .,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Alamer A, Ali D, Alarifi S, Alkahtane A, Al-Zharani M, Abdel-Daim MM, Albasher G, Almeer R, Al-Sultan NK, Almalik A, Alhasan AH, Stournaras C, Hasnain S, Alkahtani S. Bismuth oxide nanoparticles induce oxidative stress and apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:7379-7389. [PMID: 33030691 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10913-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanomaterials such as bismuth oxide nanoparticles (Bi2O3NPs) have been extensively used in cosmetics, dental materials, pulp capping, and biomedical imaging. There is little knowledge about the health risk of Bi2O3NPs in humans, which warrants a thorough toxicity investigation of Bi2O3NPs at the cellular level. In this experiment, we investigated the cytotoxic effect of Bi2O3NPs on human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells over 24 and 48 h. MCF-7 cells were exposed to Bi2O3NPs at varying doses (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 5, 10, 20, 40 μg/mL) for 24 and 48 h. We assessed the toxicity of Bi2O3NPs by measuring its effect on the viability and oxidative stress biomarkers, e.g., GSH, SOD, and catalase in MCF-7 cells. The pro-apoptotic effects of Bi2O3NPs on MCF-7 cells were determined via evaluating dysfunction of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), caspase-3 activity, externalization of phosphatidylserine, and chromosome condensation. Furthermore, apoptotic cells were evaluated using 7-AAD fluorescence stain and Annexin V-FITC. Bi2O3NPs induced oxidative stress in MCF-7 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Bi2O3NPs increased the rate of both necrotic cells and apoptotic cells. In addition, the blue fluorescence of MCF-7 cells with condensed chromatin was increased in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, the present study highlights the potential toxic effects of Bi2O3NPs at the cellular level and suggests further investigation of Bi2O3NPs before any medical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alamer
- National Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daoud Ali
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alarifi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alkahtane
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al-Zharani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Gadah Albasher
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafa Almeer
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf K Al-Sultan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Almalik
- National Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- National Center for Pharmaceuticals, Life science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H Alhasan
- National Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- National Center for Pharmaceuticals, Life science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christos Stournaras
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Crete Medical School, Voutes, Greece
| | - Saquib Hasnain
- Department of Pharmacy, Shri Venkateshwara University, Gajraula, Amroha, UP, India
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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