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Huang Y, Xu C, Li X, Li X. Urothelial carcinoma recurrence in an ileal conduit and unilateral upper urinary tract: A case report. Asian J Surg 2024:S1015-9584(24)00735-8. [PMID: 38644124 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2024.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Huang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Chunru Xu
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Xuesong Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.
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Report From the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) Consultation Conference On Molecular Pathology Of Urogenital Cancers. II. Molecular Pathology of Bladder Cancer: Progress and Challenges. Am J Surg Pathol 2020; 44:e30-e46. [PMID: 32091435 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
During the 2019 International Society of Urological Pathology Consultation Conference on Molecular Pathology of Urogenital Cancer, the Working Group on Bladder Cancer presented the current status and made recommendations on the diagnostic use of molecular pathology, incorporating a premeeting survey. Bladder cancers are biologically diverse and can be separated into "molecular subtypes," based on expression profiling. These subtypes associate with clinical behavior, histology, and molecular alterations, though their clinical utility has not been demonstrated at present and use in bladder cancer is not recommended. Mutations in the TERT promoter are present in the majority of bladder cancers, including the noninvasive stage of tumor evolution, but not in reactive conditions. Mutational analysis of the TERT promoter thus distinguishes histologically deceptive cancers from their benign mimics in some cases. A minority of pathologists employ this test. FGFR3 mutations are common in bladder cancer, and metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) with such mutations frequently responds to erdafitinib, an FGFR inhibitor. Testing for FGFR3 alterations is required before using this drug. Metastatic UC responds to immune-oncology (IO) agents in 20% of cases. These are approved as first and second-line treatments in metastatic UC. Several biological parameters associate with response to IO agents, including tumor mutational burden, molecular subtype, and infiltration by programmed death-ligand 1-positive lymphocytes, detected by immunohistochemistry. Programmed death-ligand 1 immunohistochemistry is mandatory before administering IO agents in the first-line setting. In conclusion, much has been learned about the biology of bladder cancer, and this understanding has improved the care of patients with the disease.
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Hurle R, Lazzeri M, Saita A, Naselli A, Guarneri A, Buffi NM, Lughezzani G, Fasulo V, Mondellini GM, Paciotti M, Domanico L, Peschechera R, Benetti A, Zandegiacomo S, Lista G, Pasini L, Guazzoni G, Casale P. Predictive factors for progression of patients with carcinoma in situ of the bladder at long-term follow-up: pure versus non-pure CIS. MINERVA UROL NEFROL 2019; 71:406-412. [PMID: 31144485 DOI: 10.23736/s0393-2249.19.03254-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to identify the predictive factors for progression defined as any event that shifted the management of the disease from a bladder sparing approach, by comparing patients with pure versus non-pure carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the bladder. METHODS A retrospective analysis was carried out in consecutive patients affected by newly-diagnosed pure CIS and non-pure CIS (excluding cases with concomitant muscle invasive cancer). All patients were enrolled a in our institution from 1998 to 2010. Data was prospectively collected. Main end point was progression-free survival. RESULTS Overall, 149 patients with CIS were identified for the analysis. A total of 98 patients had pure CIS (66%). Median follow-up was 103 months (range: 40-206 months). Progression occurred in 29 patients (19%). A total of 30 patients died during the follow-up (20%). In 13 cases (9%), the death was cancer specific. Progression-free survival estimate was 181 months (95% CI: 169-193 months) and 154 months (95% CI: 133-176 months) respectively for pure and non-pure CIS population (P=0.03). Among examined variables (age, gender, symptoms, smoking habit, ASA score, number of bacillus Calmette-Guérin [BCG] instillations), multivariate analysis disclosed that only CIS type was an independent predictor of progression (P=0.03) with a relative risk of 0.37 in favor of pure CIS. CONCLUSIONS Pure and non-pure CIS are efficiently treated by BCG therapy combined with trans-urethral resection and/or radical cystectomy, with relatively low rate of progression. CIS type was the only significant predictor of progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Hurle
- Department of Urology, Humanitas Clinic IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Lazzeri
- Department of Urology, Humanitas Clinic IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Saita
- Department of Urology, Humanitas Clinic IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy -
| | - Angelo Naselli
- Unit of Urology, San Giuseppe Hospital, MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Guarneri
- University Unit of Urology, San Giuseppe Hospital, MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicolò M Buffi
- Department of Urology, Humanitas Clinic IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Vittorio Fasulo
- Department of Urology, Humanitas Clinic IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marco Paciotti
- Department of Urology, Humanitas Clinic IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Domanico
- Department of Urology, Humanitas Clinic IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alessio Benetti
- Department of Urology, Humanitas Clinic IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giuliana Lista
- Department of Urology, Humanitas Clinic IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Pasini
- Department of Urology, Humanitas Clinic IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Guazzoni
- Department of Urology, Humanitas Clinic IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Casale
- Department of Urology, Humanitas Clinic IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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Braga AL, de Meneses AAPM, Santos JVDO, Dos Reis AC, de Lima RMT, da Mata AMOF, Paz MFCJ, Alves LBDS, Shaw S, Uddin SJ, Rouf R, Das AK, Dev S, Shil MC, Shilpi JA, Khan IN, Islam MT, Ali ES, Mubarak MS, Mishra SK, E Sousa JMDC, Melo-Cavalcante AADC. Toxicogenetic study of omeprazole and the modulatory effects of retinol palmitate and ascorbic acid on Allium cepa. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 204:220-226. [PMID: 29656158 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Omeprazole (OME) is a proton pump inhibitor used for the treatment of various gastric and intestinal disease; however, studies on its effects on the genetic materials are still restricted. The present study aimed to evaluate possible toxicogenic effects of OME in Allium cepa meristems with the application of cytogenetic biomarkers for DNA damage, mutagenic, toxic and cytotoxic effects. Additionally, retinol palmitate (RP) and ascorbic acid (AA) were also co-treated with OME to evaluate possible modulatory effects of OME-induced cytogenetic damages. OME was tested at 10, 20 and 40 μg/mL, while RP and AA at 55 μg/mL and 352.2 μg/mL, respectively. Copper sulphate (0.6 μg/mL) and dechlorinated water were used as positive control and negative control, respectively. The results suggest that OME induced genotoxicity and mutagenicity in A. cepa at all tested concentrations. It was noted that cotreatment of OME with the antioxidant vitamins RP and/or AA significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited and/or modulated all toxicogenic damages induced by OME. These observations demonstrate their antigenotoxic, antimutagenic, antitoxic and anticitotoxic effects in A. cepa. This study indicates that application of antioxidants may be useful tools to overcome OME-induced toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Lima Braga
- Laboratory of Genetics and Toxicology (LAPGENIC), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Ag-Anne Pereira Melo de Meneses
- Laboratory of Genetics and Toxicology (LAPGENIC), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - José Victor de Oliveira Santos
- Laboratory of Genetics and Toxicology (LAPGENIC), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Antonielly Campinho Dos Reis
- Laboratory of Genetics and Toxicology (LAPGENIC), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Rosália Maria Tôrres de Lima
- Laboratory of Genetics and Toxicology (LAPGENIC), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Oliveira Ferreira da Mata
- Laboratory of Genetics and Toxicology (LAPGENIC), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Márcia Fernanda Correia Jardim Paz
- Laboratory of Genetics and Toxicology (LAPGENIC), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | | | - Subrata Shaw
- Center for the Development of Therapeutics (CDoT), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Shaikh Jamal Uddin
- Pharmacy Discipline, School of Life Sciences, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Razina Rouf
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science & Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Asish Kumar Das
- Pharmacy Discipline, School of Life Sciences, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Shrabanti Dev
- Pharmacy Discipline, School of Life Sciences, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Manik Chandra Shil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jamil A Shilpi
- Pharmacy Discipline, School of Life Sciences, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Ishaq N Khan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, 25100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Eunüs S Ali
- Gaco Pharmaceuticals and Research Laboratory, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Siddhartha Kumar Mishra
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences (Zoology), Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, 470003, India.
| | - João Marcelo de Castro E Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Picos, Piauí, 64.607-670, Brazil
| | - Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo-Cavalcante
- Laboratory of Genetics and Toxicology (LAPGENIC), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
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Paz MFCJ, Sobral ALP, Picada JN, Grivicich I, Júnior ALG, da Mata AMOF, de Alencar MVOB, de Carvalho RM, da Conceição Machado K, Islam MT, de Carvalho Melo Cavalcante AA, da Silva J. Persistent Increased Frequency of Genomic Instability in Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer: Before, during, and after Treatments. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2846819. [PMID: 30013718 PMCID: PMC6022262 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2846819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate DNA damage in patients with breast cancer before treatment (background) and after chemotherapy (QT) and radiotherapy (RT) treatment using the Comet assay in peripheral blood and the micronucleus test in buccal cells. We also evaluated repair of DNA damage after the end of RT, as well as the response of patient's cells before treatment with an oxidizing agent (H2O2; challenge assay). Fifty women with a mammographic diagnosis negative for cancer (control group) and 100 women with a diagnosis of breast cancer (followed up during the treatment) were involved in this study. The significant DNA damage was observed by increasing in the index and frequency of damage along with the increasing of the frequency of micronuclei in peripheral blood and cells of the buccal mucosa, respectively. Despite the variability of the responses of breast cancer patients, the individuals presented lesions on the DNA, detected by the Comet assay and micronucleus Test, from the diagnosis until the end of the oncological treatment and were more susceptible to oxidative stress. We can conclude that the damages were due to clastogenic and/or aneugenic effects related to the neoplasia itself and that they increased, especially after RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Fernanda Correia Jardim Paz
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde and PPGGTA, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha 8001, Prédio 22, Sala 22 (4° Andar), 92425-900 Canoas, RS, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGCF, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Universitária S/N, Ininga, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology, RENORBIO, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Universitária, S/N, Ininga, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Pinho Sobral
- University Hospital of Piauí, Av. Universitária, S/N, Ininga, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Nascimento Picada
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde and PPGGTA, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha 8001, Prédio 22, Sala 22 (4° Andar), 92425-900 Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ivana Grivicich
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, PPGBioSaúde and PPGGTA, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha 8001, Prédio 22, Sala 22 (4° Andar), 92425-900 Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Antonio Luiz Gomes Júnior
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGCF, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Universitária S/N, Ininga, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology, RENORBIO, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Universitária, S/N, Ininga, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
- Biomedicine Department, UNINOVAFAPI University, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Oliveira Ferreira da Mata
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGCF, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Universitária S/N, Ininga, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology, RENORBIO, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Universitária, S/N, Ininga, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius Oliveira Barros de Alencar
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGCF, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Universitária S/N, Ininga, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Universitária, S/N, Ininga, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Mendes de Carvalho
- Central Laboratory of Public Health of Piauí, Rua Dezenove de Novembro 1945, Bairro Primavera, 64002-570 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Kátia da Conceição Machado
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGCF, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Universitária S/N, Ininga, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology, RENORBIO, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Universitária, S/N, Ininga, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo Cavalcante
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGCF, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Universitária S/N, Ininga, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology, RENORBIO, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Universitária, S/N, Ininga, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Juliana da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde and PPGGTA, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha 8001, Prédio 22, Sala 22 (4° Andar), 92425-900 Canoas, RS, Brazil
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Kawamoto B, Honda M, Iwamoto H, Morizane S, Hikita K, Takenaka A. Urothelial Carcinoma Recurrence at an Ileal Orthotopic Neobladder and Unilateral Lower Ureter After Surgery. Urol Case Rep 2016; 9:27-9. [PMID: 27656417 PMCID: PMC5030330 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The recurrence of urothelial carcinoma in an orthotopic neobladder is rare. We report the case of a 61-year-old man with a muscle-invasive bladder tumor that was treated using radical cystectomy and the creation of a Studer's orthotopic neobladder. However, nine years after the cystectomy, we detected a mass at the left ureteroileal anastomosis. We successfully performed Studer's neobladder resection, urethrectomy, and left nephroureterectomy to remove the entire mass. Pathological examination revealed urothelial carcinoma with adenocarcinoma in the neobladder and adenocarcinomatous metastasis in the mesenteric lymph node.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bunya Kawamoto
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Masashi Honda
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Hideto Iwamoto
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Shuichi Morizane
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Katsuya Hikita
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takenaka
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
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Ferreira JA, Videira PA, Lima L, Pereira S, Silva M, Carrascal M, Severino PF, Fernandes E, Almeida A, Costa C, Vitorino R, Amaro T, Oliveira MJ, Reis CA, Dall'Olio F, Amado F, Santos LL. Overexpression of tumour-associated carbohydrate antigen sialyl-Tn in advanced bladder tumours. Mol Oncol 2013; 7:719-31. [PMID: 23567325 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known on the expression of the tumour-associated carbohydrate antigen sialyl-Tn (STn), in bladder cancer. We report here that 75% of the high-grade bladder tumours, presenting elevated proliferation rates and high risk of recurrence/progression expressed STn. However, it was mainly found in non-proliferative areas of the tumour, namely in cells invading the basal and muscle layers. STn was also found in tumour-adjacent mucosa, which suggests its dependence on a field effect of the tumour. Furthermore, it was not expressed by the normal urothelium, demonstrating the cancer-specific nature of this antigen. STn expression correlated with that of sialyltransferase ST6GalNAc.I, its major biosynthetic enzyme. The stable expression of ST6GalNAc.I in the bladder cancer cell line MCR induced STn expression and a concomitant increase of cell motility and invasive capability. Altogether, these results indicate for the first time a link between STn expression and malignancy in bladder cancer. Hence, therapies targeting STn may constitute new treatment approaches for these tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Alexandre Ferreira
- QOPNA, Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
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8
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Vasconcelos-Nóbrega C, Pinto-Leite R, Arantes-Rodrigues R, Ferreira R, Brochado P, Cardoso ML, Palmeira C, Salvador A, Guedes-Teixeira CI, Colaço A, Palomino LF, Lopes C, Santos L, Oliveira PA. In vivo and in vitro effects of RAD001 on bladder cancer. Urol Oncol 2011; 31:1212-21. [PMID: 22169072 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2011.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Revised: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of Everolimus (RAD001) on chemically induced urothelial lesions in mice and its influence on in vitro human bladder cancer cell lines. METHODS ICR male mice were given N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine in drinking water for a period of 12 weeks. Subsequently, RAD001 was administered via oral gavage, for 6 weeks. At the end of the experiment, all the animals were sacrificed and tumor development was determined by means of histopathologic evaluation; mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) expressivity was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Three human bladder cancer cell lines (T24, HT1376, and 5637) were treated using a range of RAD001 concentrations. MTT assay, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), and flow cytometry were used to assess cell proliferation, apoptosis index, and cell cycle analysis, respectively. Immunoblotting analysis of 3 cell line extracts using mTOR and Akt antibodies was performed in order to study the expression of Akt and mTOR proteins and their phosphorylated forms. RESULTS The incidence of urothelial lesions in animals treated with RAD001 was similar to those animals not treated. RAD001 did not block T24 and HT1376 cell proliferation or induce apoptosis. A reduction in cell proliferation rate and therefore G0/G1 phase arrest, as well as a statistically significant induction of apoptosis (P = 0.001), was only observed in the 5637 cell line. CONCLUSION RAD001 seems not to have a significant effect on chemically induced murine bladder tumors. The effect of RAD001 on tumor proliferation and apoptosis was achieved only in superficial derived bladder cancer cell line, no effect was observed in invasive cell lines.
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Lima L, Silva J, Amaro T, Morais A, Lopes C, Medeiros R, Videira PA, Santos L. IL-4 and TNF-α Polymorphisms Are Associated with Risk of Multiple Superficial Tumors or Carcinoma in situ Development. Urol Int 2011; 87:457-63. [DOI: 10.1159/000331882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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11
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Palmeira C, Oliveira PA, Lameiras C, Amaro T, Silva VM, Lopes C, Santos L. Biological similarities between murine chemical-induced and natural human bladder carcinogenesis. Oncol Lett 2010; 1:373-377. [PMID: 22966311 DOI: 10.3892/ol_00000066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2009] [Accepted: 11/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the similarities between rodent and human urothelial carcinogenesis models using DNA content, p53 and Ki-67 immunoexpression as surrogate markers of bladder carcinogenesis. Following N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine exposure, 49 human cystectomy specimens of bladder cancer and 53 rat bladder specimens were studied. All of the tumours and adjacent mucosa present in each specimen were evaluated. High similarities were observed between the rodent urothelium carcinogenesis process and the corresponding process in humans, in regards to the histopathological features and biological alteration profile: DNA aneuploidy, p53 overexpression and high proliferative index measured by Ki-67 immunoexpression. Despite these similarities, a higher frequency of alterations was observed in earlier stages in the rat chemical-induced carcinogenesis, namely in 5c aneuploid cells, p53 overexpression and higher Ki-67 labelling index. These results confirm that this experimental animal model is a suitable and reproducible model of bladder carcinogenesis, particularly in regards to high-risk non-invasive and invasive urothelial carcinomas. These features mandate its use in the identification of new molecular targets and evaluation of tumour response to new cytotoxic drugs or drug combinations in bladder cancer therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Palmeira
- Department of Immunology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto
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