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Duquesne I, Abou Chakra M, Hage L, Pinar U, Loriot Y. Liquid biopsies for detection, surveillance, and prognosis of urothelial cancer: a future standard? Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2023; 23:995-1007. [PMID: 37542214 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2023.2245144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Liquid biopsies are used for the detection of tumor-specific elements in body fluid. Their application in prognosis and diagnosis of muscle/non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC/NMIBC) or upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) remains poorly known and rarely mentioned in clinical guidelines. AREAS COVERED Herein, we provide an overview of current data regarding the use of liquid biopsies in urothelial tumors. EXPERT OPINION Studies that were included analyzed liquid biopsies using the detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), exosomes, or metabolomics. The sensitivity of blood CTC detection in patients with localized cancer was 35% and raised to 50% in patients with metastatic cancer. In NMIBC patients, blood CTC was associated with poor prognosis, whereas discrepancies were seen in MIBC patients. Circulating plasma DNA presented a superior sensitivity to urine and was a good indicator for diagnosis, follow-up, and oncological outcome. In urine, specific bladder cancer (BC) microRNA had an overall sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 86% in the diagnosis of urothelial cancer. These results are in favor of the use of liquid biopsies as biomarkers for in urothelial cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Duquesne
- Department of Urology, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | - Mohamad Abou Chakra
- Department of Urology, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | - Lory Hage
- Department of Urology, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | - Ugo Pinar
- Department of Urology, Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Universite Paris Sorbonne, Paris, France
| | - Yohann Loriot
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy Institute, Cancer Campus, Grand Paris, Universite Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
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Elgeshy KM, Abdel Wahab AHA. The Role, Significance, and Association of MicroRNA-10a/b in Physiology of Cancer. Microrna 2022; 11:118-138. [PMID: 35616665 DOI: 10.2174/2211536611666220523104408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate the translation of mRNA and protein, mainly at the posttranscriptional level. Global expression profiling of miRNAs has demonstrated a broad spectrum of aberrations that correlated with several diseases, and miRNA- 10a and miRNA-10b were the first examined miRNAs to be involved in abnormal activities upon dysregulation, including many types of cancers and progressive diseases. It is expected that the same miRNAs behave inconsistently within different types of cancer. This review aims to provide a set of information about our updated understanding of miRNA-10a and miRNA-10b and their clinical significance, molecular targets, current research gaps, and possible future applications of such potent regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled M Elgeshy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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3
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MicroRNA Expression Profiles in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Differentiate Tumor Grade, Stage, and Survival: Implications for Clinical Decision-Making. Urology 2019; 123:93-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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4
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Botti G, De Chiara A, Di Bonito M, Cerrone M, Malzone MG, Collina F, Cantile M. Noncoding RNAs within the
HOX
gene network in tumor pathogenesis and progression. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:395-413. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Botti
- Department of Support for Oncological Pathways Diagnostic Area, Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale” Napoli Italy
| | - Anna De Chiara
- Department of Support for Oncological Pathways Diagnostic Area, Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale” Napoli Italy
| | - Maurizio Di Bonito
- Department of Support for Oncological Pathways Diagnostic Area, Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale” Napoli Italy
| | - Margherita Cerrone
- Department of Support for Oncological Pathways Diagnostic Area, Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale” Napoli Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Malzone
- Department of Support for Oncological Pathways Diagnostic Area, Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale” Napoli Italy
| | - Francesca Collina
- Department of Support for Oncological Pathways Diagnostic Area, Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale” Napoli Italy
| | - Monica Cantile
- Department of Support for Oncological Pathways Diagnostic Area, Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale” Napoli Italy
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MicroRNA-31 functions as a tumor suppressor and increases sensitivity to mitomycin-C in urothelial bladder cancer by targeting integrin α5. Oncotarget 2018; 7:27445-57. [PMID: 27050274 PMCID: PMC5053662 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) is a common genitourinary malignancy. MiR-31, a well-identified miRNA, exhibits diverse properties in different cancers. However, the specific functions and mechanisms of miR-31 in UBC have not been investigated. In this study, tumor samples, especially invasive UBC, showed significantly reduced level of miR-31, as compared with normal urothelium. Prognostic analysis using the EORTC model showed that down-regulation of miR-31 correlated with higher risks of recurrence and progression in noninvasive UBC cases. Remarkably, overexpression of miR-31 mimics in UBC cell lines inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Integrin α5 (ITGA5), an integrin family member, was subsequently identified as a direct target of miR-31 in UBC cells. When treated with mitomycin-C (MMC), miR-31-expressing UBC cells displayed lower survival and higher apoptotic rates, and deactivated Akt and ERK. These effects arising from miR-31 overexpression were abrogated by ITGA5 restoration. Furthermore, miR-31 markedly inhibited tumor growth and increased the effectiveness of MMC in UBC xenografts. In summary, our data suggest that miR-31 is a prognostic predictor and can serve as a potential therapeutic target of UBC.
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Jiang X, Du L, Duan W, Wang R, Yan K, Wang L, Li J, Zheng G, Zhang X, Yang Y, Wang C. Serum microRNA expression signatures as novel noninvasive biomarkers for prediction and prognosis of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:36733-36742. [PMID: 27167342 PMCID: PMC5095035 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Noninvasive biomarkers for predicting the risk of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) may expedite appropriate therapy and reduce morbidity and cost. Genome-wide miRNA analysis by Miseq sequencing followed by two phases of reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) assays were performed on serum from 207 MIBC patients, 285 nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients and 193 controls. A four-miRNA panel (miR-422a-3p, miR-486-3p, miR-103a-3p and miR-27a-3p) was developed for MIBC prediction with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.894 (95% CI, 0.846-0.931) for training set. Prospective evaluation of the miRNA panel revealed an AUC of 0.880 (95% CI, 0.834 to 0.917) in validation set, which was significantly higher than those of grade and urine cytology (both p < 0.05). Moreover, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that MIBC patients with low miR-486-3p and miR-103a-3p levels had worse overall survival (p = 0.002 and p = 0.034, respectively). Cox analysis indicated miR-486-3p and miR-103a-3p were independently associated with overall survival of MIBC (p = 0.042 and p = 0.021, respectively). In conclusion, serum miRNA signatures might have considerable clinical values in predicting and providing prognostic information for MIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lutao Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Weili Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Keqiang Yan
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guixi Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yongmei Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
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Significant expression of CHK1 and p53 in bladder urothelial carcinoma as potential therapeutic targets and prognosis. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:568-574. [PMID: 29391889 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) and p53 are involved in cell-cycle checkpoint, and cellular response to DNA damage. CHK1 and p53 are overexpressed in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC); however, a clear elucidation on their interaction and influence in the progress of BUC is absent. The aim of the present study was to examine the correlation between CHK1 and p53 in BUC, and analyze their value as therapeutic targets and prognostic indicators in BUC. A clinically annotated cohort of 110 patients with BUC was identified retrospectively. EnVision-based immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis of the aforementioned DNA repair proteins were conducted on formalin-fixed-paraffin-embedded or frozen tissues from the primary tumor. A total of 45 peritumoral tissue cases were assessed similarly as the control group. In the cohort of 110 patients with BUC, a significant overexpression of CHK1 and p53 was observed in primary compared with the peritumoral tissues (P<0.05). CHK1 and p53 demonstrated a positive correlation in BUC, and both were positively associated with the histological grade, clinical pathological staging, lymphatic metastasis and the 5-year survival rate (P<0.05). However, CHK1 and p53 were not associated with sex, age, tumor diameter, single/multiple sites or incipient/recurrence. The overexpression of CHK1 and p53, and their synergistic interaction were putatively correlated with the physiology of BUC that may be deemed as potential therapeutic targets and prognostic indicators.
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Kiss I, Mlčochová J, Součková K, Fabian P, Poprach A, Halamkova J, Svoboda M, Vyzula R, Slaby O. MicroRNAs as outcome predictors in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with bevacizumab in combination with FOLFOX. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:743-750. [PMID: 28693229 PMCID: PMC5494676 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bevacizumab is a humanized anti-vascular endothelial growth factor monoclonal antibody, used in combination with a oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). The aim of the present study was to identify microRNA (miRNA)-based predictive biomarkers of therapy response in order to avoid unnecessary and costly therapy to non-responding patients. High-throughput miRNA microarray profiling (Affymetrix miRNA array) was performed on a discovery cohort of patients with mCRC. The discovery cohort was (n=20) divided into either responding (n=10) or non-responding (n=10) groups of bevacizumab/5-flourouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) treatment according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria. Validation of candidate miRNAs was performed on an independent cohort of 41 patients with mCRC using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Normalized data were subjected to receiver operating characteristic and Kaplan-Meier analyses. In total, 67 miRNAs were identified to be differentially expressed when miRNA expression was compared between responding and non-responding patients to bevacizumab/FOLFOX treatment (P<0.05). A total of 7 miRNAs were chosen for independent validation, which confirmed significantly higher expression of miR-92b-3p, miR-3156-5p, miR-10a-5p and miR-125a-5p (P<0.005) in tumor tissue of responding patients compared with non-reponding patients. Using the combination of miRNAs, the present study identified responders to the therapy with sensitivity 82% and specificity 64% (area under the curve = 0.8015). In conclusion, 4 predictive miRNAs associated with progression-free survival (PFS) were identified in patients with mCRC treated with bevacizumab/FOLFOX. Following further independent validations, detection of these miRNA may enable identification of patients with mCRC who may potentially benefit from the therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Kiss
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - J Mlčochová
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - K Součková
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Fabian
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pahology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - A Poprach
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - J Halamkova
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Svoboda
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - R Vyzula
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - O Slaby
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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9
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Moustafa AA, Ziada M, Elshaikh A, Datta A, Kim H, Moroz K, Srivastav S, Thomas R, Silberstein JL, Moparty K, Salem FEH, El-Habit OH, Abdel-Mageed AB. Identification of microRNA signature and potential pathway targets in prostate cancer. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 242:536-546. [PMID: 27903835 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216681554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common and the second leading cause of cancer-related death among American men. Early diagnosis is a prerequisite to improving therapeutic benefits. However, the current clinical biomarkers for PC do not reliably decipher indolent PC from other urogenital disorders. Thus, effective clinical intervention necessitates development of new biomarkers for early detection of PC. The present study aimed to identify the miRNA signature in organ-confined (Gleason Score 6) prostate tumors. MicroRNA (miRNA/miR) array analysis identified 118 upregulated and 73 downregulated miRNAs in microdissected tumors in comparison to matched neighboring normal prostate epithelium. The miRs-Plus-A1083, -92b-5p, -18a-3p, -19a-3p, -639, -3622b-3p, -3189-3p, -155-3p, -410, -1179, 548b-5p, and -4469 are predominantly expressed (7-11-fold), whereas miRs-595, 4490, -3120-5p, -1299, -21-5p, -3677-3, -let-7b-5p, -5189, 3-121-5p, -4518, -200a-5p, -3682-5p, -3689d, -3149 represent the most downregulated (12-113-fold) miRNAs in microdissected prostate tumors. The array expression profile of selected miRNA signature and their potential mRNA targets was validated by qRT-PCR analysis in PC cell lines. Integrated in silico and computational prediction analyses demonstrated that the dysregulated miRNA signature map to key regulatory factors involved in tumorigenesis, including cell cycle, apoptosis, and p53 pathways. The newly identified miRNA signature has potential clinical utility as biomarkers, prognostic indicators, and therapeutic targets for early detection of PC. Further studies are needed to assess the functional significance and clinical usefulness of the identified miRNAs. Impact Statement To our knowledge his is the first study of identifying miRNA signatures in microdissected indolent (Gleason score 6) prostate cancer in comparison to matched normal prostate epithelium. By employing in silico and computational prediction analysis, the study provides a landscape of potential miRNA targets and key cellular pathways involved in prostate tumorigenesis. Identification if miRNAs and their relevant targets and pathways pave the way for underpinning their mechanistic role of miRNAs in human prostate tumorigenesis, and possibly other human cancers. Importantly, the outcome of the study has important clinical implications for the management of prostate cancer, including the use of miRNA(s) as biomarkers for early detection of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Moustafa
- 1 Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,2 Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11790, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Ziada
- 1 Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Abubaker Elshaikh
- 1 Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Amrita Datta
- 1 Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Hogyoung Kim
- 1 Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Krzysztof Moroz
- 3 Department of Pathology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,4 Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Sudesh Srivastav
- 5 Department of Biostatistics, Tulane University School of Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Raju Thomas
- 1 Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,4 Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jonathan L Silberstein
- 1 Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Krishnarao Moparty
- 1 Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Fatma Elzahraa H Salem
- 2 Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11790, Egypt
| | - Ola H El-Habit
- 2 Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11790, Egypt
| | - Asim B Abdel-Mageed
- 1 Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,4 Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Zheng LF, Sun WY. Meta-analysis of microRNAs as biomarkers for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Biomed Rep 2016; 5:159-164. [PMID: 27446534 PMCID: PMC4950392 DOI: 10.3892/br.2016.705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the most common cancer of the urinary tract. A quarter of bladder cancer patients presenting with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) suffer significant morbidity and succumb to the disease. MicroRNA (miRNA) from tissue, urine or blood samples of MIBC patients have been demonstrated to differ from healthy individuals, and possibly have diagnostic value. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to access the overall diagnostic accuracy comprehensively and quantitatively. Systematic searching in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure database was conducted. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR and NLR) and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated via the random effects model to evaluate the overall test performance. Deeks' funnel plot asymmetry test was used to test the publication bias. A total of 10 studies were included in the meta-analysis, with a total of 577 patients and 412 controls. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.78 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.69–0.86] and 0.77 (95% CI, 0.72–0.81), respectively. The pooled PLR was 2.9 (95% CI, 2.1–3.8), the NLR was 0.31 (95% CI, 0.27–0.35), the DOR was 7 (95% CI, 4–13) and the pooled AUC was 0.80 (95% CI, 0.69–0.87). In conclusion, the current miRNA assays support their use as markers for MIBC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Feng Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Yong Sun
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
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Enokida H, Yoshino H, Matsushita R, Nakagawa M. The role of microRNAs in bladder cancer. Investig Clin Urol 2016; 57 Suppl 1:S60-76. [PMID: 27326409 PMCID: PMC4910767 DOI: 10.4111/icu.2016.57.s1.s60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The prognosis of muscle invasive BC is poor, and recurrence is common after radical surgery or chemotherapy. Therefore, new diagnostic methods and treatment modalities are critical. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small noncoding RNAs, regulate the expression of protein-coding genes by repressing translation or cleaving RNA transcripts in a sequence-specific manner. miRNAs have important roles in the regulation of genes involved in cancer development, progression, and metastasis. The availability of genomewide miRNA expression profiles by deep sequencing technology has facilitated rapid and precise identification of aberrant miRNA expression in BC. Indeed, several miRNAs that are either upregulated or downregulated have been shown to have associations with significant cancer pathways. Furthermore, many miRNAs, including those that can be detected in urine and blood, have been studied as potential noninvasive tumor markers for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. Here, we searched PubMed for publications describing the role of miRNAs in BC by using the keywords "bladder cancer" and "microRNA" on March 1, 2016. We found 374 papers and selected articles written in English in which the level of scientific detail and reporting were sufficient and in which novel findings were demonstrated. In this review, we summarize these studies from the point of view of miRNA-related molecular networks (specific miRNAs and their targets) and miRNAs as tumor markers in BC. We also discuss future directions of miRNA studies in the context of therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Enokida
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yoshino
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Matsushita
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nakagawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Schubert M, Junker K, Heinzelmann J. Prognostic and predictive miRNA biomarkers in bladder, kidney and prostate cancer: Where do we stand in biomarker development? J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2015; 142:1673-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-015-2089-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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MicroRNA expression profiles in muscle-invasive bladder cancer: identification of a four-microRNA signature associated with patient survival. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:8159-66. [PMID: 25990459 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3559-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer ranks the second most common genitourinary tract cancer, and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) accounts for approximately 25 % of all bladder cancer cases with high mortality. In the current study, with a total of 202 treatment-naïve primary MIBC patients identified from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset, we comprehensively analyzed the genome-wide microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles in MIBC, with the aim to investigate the relationship of miRNA expression with the progression and prognosis of MIBC, and generate a miRNA signature of prognostic capabilities. In the progression-related miRNA profiles, a total of 47, 16, 3, and 84 miRNAs were selected for pathologic T, N, M, and histologic grade, respectively. Of the eight most important progression-related miRNAs, four (let-7c, mir-125b-1, mir-193a, and mir-99a) were significantly associated with survival of patients with MIBC. Finally, a four-miRNA signature was generated and proven as a promising prognostic parameter. In summary, this study identified the specific miRNAs associated with the progression and aggressiveness of MIBC and a four-miRNA signature as a promising prognostic parameter of MIBC.
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14
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MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers in cancer: opportunities and challenges. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:125094. [PMID: 25874201 PMCID: PMC4385606 DOI: 10.1155/2015/125094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that posttranscriptionally regulate gene expression by targeting their corresponding messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Dysregulated miRNAs have been considered as a new type of ‘‘oncomiRs” or ‘‘tumor suppressors,” playing essential roles in cancer initiation and progression. Using genome-wide detection methods, ubiquitously aberrant expression profiles of miRNAs have been identified in a broad array of human cancers, showing great potential as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of cancer with high specificity and sensitivity. The detectable miRNAs in tissue, blood, and other body fluids with high stability provide an abundant source for miRNA-based biomarkers in human cancers. Despite the fact that an increasing number of potential miRNA biomarkers have been reported, the transition of miRNAs-based biomarkers from bench to bedside still necessitates addressing several challenges. In this review, we will summarize our current understanding of miRNAs as potential biomarkers in human cancers.
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