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Yu X, Li W, Feng Y, Gao Z, Wu Q, Xia Y. The prognostic value of hedgehog signaling in bladder cancer by integrated bioinformatics. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6241. [PMID: 37069207 PMCID: PMC10110581 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33140-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the second most prevalent urological malignancy. It's a big contributor to cancer-related deaths throughout the globe. Researchers discovered that the hedgehog signaling (HhS) pathway contributed to the onset and spread of many different kinds of cancer. Nevertheless, the present understanding of the function of HhS in the bladder cancer molecular landscape is incomplete. Raw data were gotten from the IMvigor210, the Gene Expression Omnibus, and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases. Bioinformatics was used to examine the HhS score of each sample, and the enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), differentiation characteristics, immunological infiltration, and metabolic activity. The HhS prognostic signature was developed with significant assistance from the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and Cox regression. An HhS-related nomogram was developed to assist in the prediction of patients' survival probability. We found that HhS was linked to poor prognosis in bladder cancer, and its activation was linked to the Basal subtype of bladder cancer. Bladder cancer with high HhS activity has higher glycolysis, nucleotide metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and other cancer-promoting metabolic activities. Furthermore, HhS mediates an immunosuppressive microenvironment in bladder cancer on the basis that HhS negatively correlates with the CD8 + T cells and correlates positively with immune checkpoints and T cell exhaustion scores. Finally, an HhS-related signature was developed for predicting the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer. Targeting HhS may be a potential therapy choice for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenge Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Artemed Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjun Feng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Artemed Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijie Gao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yue Xia
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Vogt B, Chokri I. Characterization of Sonic Hedgehog/Gli1 Signal Expression in Human Ureter Either Un-Stented or Fitted with Double-Pigtail Stent or a Thread. Res Rep Urol 2021; 13:529-533. [PMID: 34345615 PMCID: PMC8324979 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s324192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Sonic Hedgehog/Gli1 signal is involved in smooth muscle activity. An experiment showed that the double-pigtail stent caused ureteral inflammation and decreased Gli1 expression in smooth muscle cells. The innovative pigtail-suture stent (JFil® or MiniJFil®) with a thin 0.3F suture thread significantly decreased stent-related symptoms. Fortuitously, a dilation of the ureter containing the sutures was discovered, and a previous study confirmed that the sutures caused less ureteral inflammation than the double-pigtail stent. However, the mechanisms involved in the ureteral dilation are still unknown. In this study, we assessed ureteral Gli1 expression in the human ureter when it was un-stunted or when fitted with a double-pigtail stent or a suture thread. Material and Methods After consent and inclusion of patients in the protocol, nine segments of ureters were collected during cystectomy procedures for bladder cancers. There was no selection or exclusion, and patients with large tumors were included. Gli1 expression was assessed on the histological section to control the reflection of an active hedgehog signal. The expression of Gli1 in smooth muscle cells of the stented ureter was subjectively compared to un-stented ureter. Results A decrease in the intensity of Gli1 expression of smooth muscle cells was observed in all cases of ureter fitted with a double-pigtail stent. For the un-stunted ureters and the ureters fitted with the thin 0.3F suture thread, Gli1 staining of smooth muscle cells was heterogeneous, and the small number of cases did not allow us to conclude. Conclusion Apart from the cases of ureters fitted with the double-pigtail stent, Gli1 expression of smooth muscle was heterogeneous. The Shh/Gli1 pathway may not be involved in ureteral dilation by the thread. A broader exploration of molecular mechanisms could make it possible to obtain the mechanisms involved in the dilation of the ureter by the thread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Vogt
- Department of Urology, Polyclinique de Blois, La Chaussée Saint-Victor, 41260, France
| | - Ilham Chokri
- Laboratory of Anatomocytopathology, Laboratoire Léonard de Vinci, Chambray-lès-Tours, 37170, France
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Iriana S, Asha K, Repak M, Sharma-Walia N. Hedgehog Signaling: Implications in Cancers and Viral Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1042. [PMID: 33494284 PMCID: PMC7864517 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway is primarily involved in embryonic gut development, smooth muscle differentiation, cell proliferation, adult tissue homeostasis, tissue repair following injury, and tissue polarity during the development of vertebrate and invertebrate organisms. GLIoma-associated oncogene homolog (GLI) family of zinc-finger transcription factors and smoothened (SMO) are the signal transducers of the SHH pathway. Both SHH ligand-dependent and independent mechanisms activate GLI proteins. Various transcriptional mechanisms, posttranslational modifications (phosphorylation, ubiquitination, proteolytic processing, SUMOylation, and acetylation), and nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling control the activity of SHH signaling pathway proteins. The dysregulated SHH pathway is associated with bone and soft tissue sarcomas, GLIomas, medulloblastomas, leukemias, and tumors of breast, lung, skin, prostate, brain, gastric, and pancreas. While extensively studied in development and sarcomas, GLI family proteins play an essential role in many host-pathogen interactions, including bacterial and viral infections and their associated cancers. Viruses hijack host GLI family transcription factors and their downstream signaling cascades to enhance the viral gene transcription required for replication and pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss a distinct role(s) of GLI proteins in the process of tumorigenesis and host-pathogen interactions in the context of viral infection-associated malignancies and cancers due to other causes. Here, we emphasize the potential of the Hedgehog (HH) pathway targeting as a potential anti-cancer therapeutic approach, which in the future could also be tested in infection-associated fatalities.
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Song Q, Seigne JD, Schned AR, Kelsey KT, Karagas MR, Hassanpour S. A Machine Learning Approach for Long-Term Prognosis of Bladder Cancer based on Clinical and Molecular Features. AMIA JOINT SUMMITS ON TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS. AMIA JOINT SUMMITS ON TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2020; 2020:607-616. [PMID: 32477683 PMCID: PMC7233061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Improving the consistency and reproducibility of bladder cancer prognoses necessitates the development of accurate, predictive prognostic models. Current methods of determining the prognosis of bladder cancer patients rely on manual decision-making, including factors with high intra- and inter-observer variability, such as tumor grade. To advance the long-term prediction of bladder cancer prognoses, we developed and tested a computational model to predict the 10-year overall survival outcome using population-based bladder cancer data, without considering tumor grade classification. The resulted predictive model demonstrated promising performance using a combination of clinical and molecular features, and was also strongly related to patient overall survival in Cox models. Our study suggests that machine learning methods can provide reliable long-term prognoses for bladder cancer patients, without relying on the less consistent tumor grade. If validated in clinical trials, this automated approach could guide and improve personalized management and treatment for bladder cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Song
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH
| | - John D Seigne
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH
| | - Alan R Schned
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH
| | - Karl T Kelsey
- Departments of Epidemiology and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | | | - Saeed Hassanpour
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH
- Department of Epidemiology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH
- Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH
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Nedjadi T, Salem N, Khayyat D, Al-Sayyad A, Al-Ammari A, Al-Maghrabi J. Sonic Hedgehog Expression is Associated with Lymph Node Invasion in Urothelial Bladder Cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2018; 25:1067-1073. [PMID: 30361899 PMCID: PMC6614154 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-018-0477-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a deadly disease characterized by high recurrence rates and frequent progression to an aggressive phenotype. Dysregulation of various signaling pathways have been implicated in BC tumorigenesis, however, the clinical relevance of sonic hedgehog pathway (Shh) remains under investigated. The aim of the current study was to analyze the prognostic value of Shh expression in patients with bladder carcinoma. Immunohistochemical expression of Shh was performed using tissue microarray with 128 specimens from bladder cancer patients. Kaplan-meier survival was analysed and correlation between Shh protein expression and patients' clinicopathological parameters wasexamined using Fisher's exact test. The immuno-staining results revealed that Shh protein exhibits cytoplasmic localization and is expressed in 49% of the analyzed bladder cancer cohort. Our data indicated that high Shh expression significantly correlated with increased lymph node metastasis (p = 0.02), however no association was reported between Shh expression and other clinicopatholigical parameters. High expression of sonic hedgehog was associated with lymph node invasion which may indicate that Shh might play an important role in progression and metastasis of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoufik Nedjadi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre,, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nada Salem
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dareen Khayyat
- King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Al-Sayyad
- Department of Urology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Al-Ammari
- Department of Urology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaudah Al-Maghrabi
- Department of Pathology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Lu L, Wu M, Zhao F, Fu W, Li W, Li X, Liu T. Prognostic and clinicopathological value of Gli-1 expression in gastric cancer: A meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:69087-69096. [PMID: 27634907 PMCID: PMC5356614 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma associated oncogene-1 (Gli-1) is considered as a strong positive activator of downstream target genes of hedgehog signal pathway in mammalians. However, its diagnostic and prognostic value in gastric cancer remains unclear and controversial. Therefore, a quantitative meta-analysis was conducted to determine the clinical value of Gli-1 in gastric cancer patients. Twelve eligible articles with 886 gastric cancer patients were included in this meta-analysis. The relationship between Gli-1 expression in gastric cancer patients and clinicopathological features and 5-year overall survival (OS) was evaluated using pooled odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The meta-analysis showed that the upregulated Gli-1 was associated with sample type (gastric cancer tissues) (OR 10.31, 95%CI 7.14-14.88; P = 0.000), differentiation type (OR 3.76, 95%CI 2.55-5.53; P = 0.000), depth of invasion (OR 8.17, 95%CI 3.60-18.55; P = 0.000), lymph node metastasis (OR 3.97, 95%CI 2.73-5.78; P = 0.000) and high TNM stage (OR 3.65, 95%CI 1.89-7.04; P = 0.000). Three studies including 316 patients were assessed for the correlation between Gli-1 and 5-year OS, which indicated that positive Gli-1 expression was associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients (HR 2.14, 95%CI 1.35-3.40; P = 0.001). Little publication bias was identified by funnel plots and Egger's tests. The sensitivity analysis indicated that no study substantially influenced pooled OR/HR. Taken together, Gli-1 is a credible indicator for highly aggressive tumor with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Menglin Wu
- Department of Radiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin, China
| | - Feixiang Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin, China
| | - Weihua Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Weidong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Radiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Pinaire J, Azé J, Bringay S, Landais P. Patient healthcare trajectory. An essential monitoring tool: a systematic review. Health Inf Sci Syst 2017; 5:1. [PMID: 28413630 PMCID: PMC5390363 DOI: 10.1007/s13755-017-0020-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient healthcare trajectory is a recent emergent topic in the literature, encompassing broad concepts. However, the rationale for studying patients' trajectories, and how this trajectory concept is defined remains a public health challenge. Our research was focused on patients' trajectories based on disease management and care, while also considering medico-economic aspects of the associated management. We illustrated this concept with an example: a myocardial infarction (MI) occurring in a patient's hospital trajectory of care. The patient follow-up was traced via the prospective payment system. We applied a semi-automatic text mining process to conduct a comprehensive review of patient healthcare trajectory studies. This review investigated how the concept of trajectory is defined, studied and what it achieves. METHODS We performed a PubMed search to identify reports that had been published in peer-reviewed journals between January 1, 2000 and October 31, 2015. Fourteen search questions were formulated to guide our review. A semi-automatic text mining process based on a semantic approach was performed to conduct a comprehensive review of patient healthcare trajectory studies. Text mining techniques were used to explore the corpus in a semantic perspective in order to answer non-a priori questions. Complementary review methods on a selected subset were used to answer a priori questions. RESULTS Among the 33,514 publications initially selected for analysis, only 70 relevant articles were semi-automatically extracted and thoroughly analysed. Oncology is particularly prevalent due to its already well-established processes of care. For the trajectory thema, 80% of articles were distributed in 11 clusters. These clusters contain distinct semantic information, for example health outcomes (29%), care process (26%) and administrative and financial aspects (16%). CONCLUSION This literature review highlights the recent interest in the trajectory concept. The approach is also gradually being used to monitor trajectories of care for chronic diseases such as diabetes, organ failure or coronary artery and MI trajectory of care, to improve care and reduce costs. Patient trajectory is undoubtedly an essential approach to be further explored in order to improve healthcare monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pinaire
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health Department, Nîmes University Hospital, Place R Debré, 30 029 Nîmes, France
- UPRES EA 2415, Clinical Research University Institute, 641 av du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34 093 Montpellier, France
- LIRMM, UMR 5506, Montpellier University, 860 rue de Saint Priest – Bât 5, 34 095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jérôme Azé
- LIRMM, UMR 5506, Montpellier University, 860 rue de Saint Priest – Bât 5, 34 095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Sandra Bringay
- LIRMM, UMR 5506, Montpellier University, 860 rue de Saint Priest – Bât 5, 34 095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
- AMIS, Paul Valéry University, Montpellier, France
| | - Paul Landais
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health Department, Nîmes University Hospital, Place R Debré, 30 029 Nîmes, France
- UPRES EA 2415, Clinical Research University Institute, 641 av du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34 093 Montpellier, France
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Immunohistochemistry Biomarkers in Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2017; 25:178-183. [PMID: 26574637 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is the most frequent urinary tract neoplasm. BCa results in significant mortality when the disease presents as muscle invasive. Around 75% to 80% of patients present with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), but recurrence and progression are significant issues, compelling current guidelines to recommend long-term surveillance. There is therefore an urgent and unmet need to identify and validate accurate biomarkers for the detection of disease recurrence to improve quality of life for the patients and reduce costs for health care providers, while maintaining or improving current outcomes. In this review, 38 publications on immunohistochemistry prognostic biomarkers, that were studied may be related in nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer, have been analyzed. The studies were organized according to the evaluated marker and their findings. It was demonstrated that the combination of independent complementary biomarkers could allow a more accurate prognosis than an isolated marker. Biomarkers, including p53, Ki-67, and CK20, with classic and prognostic factors with recurrence and novel markers such as EN2 may provide a more accurate prediction of outcome compared with any single marker, improving risk stratification and clinical management of patients with BCa.
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Hu S, Zhou Q, Wu WR, Duan YX, Gao ZY, Li YW, Lu Q. Anticancer effect of deoxypodophyllotoxin induces apoptosis of human prostate cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:2918-2923. [PMID: 27698880 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Deoxypodophyllotoxin (DPPT) is extracted and separated from citrus-related plants, including Podophyllum (P.) peltatum, P. pleianthum, P. emodi (also called P. hexandrum) and Diphylleia grayi. DPPT has significant antitumor and antiviral activity. However, due to its strong toxicity and side effects, its use is limited in practical applications. The in vitro antitumor efficacy of DPPT on human prostate cancer (PCa) cells remains to be determined. The present study investigated the anticancer effect of DPPT on human PCa cells and its potential mechanism. The data revealed that DPPT markedly reduced cell proliferation and activated the caspase-3 expression level by an increase in apoptotic cell death in DU-145 cells. In addition, treatment with DPPT markedly downregulated the levels of phosphorylated Akt and activated the p53/B-cell lymphoma 2 associated X protein (Bax)/phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) signaling pathway in DU-145 cells, suggesting that caspase-mediated pathways were involved in DPPT-induced apoptosis. The present study suggested the role of DPPT as a novel chemotherapeutic drug for human PCa, which may function through the Akt/p53/Bax/PTEN signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Hu
- Department of Urology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Department of Urology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Wan-Rui Wu
- Department of Urology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Xing Duan
- Department of Urology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Yong Gao
- Department of Urology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Wei Li
- Department of Urology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Lu
- Department of Urology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
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Cheng J, Gao J, Tao K. Prognostic role of Gli1 expression in solid malignancies: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22184. [PMID: 26899488 PMCID: PMC4762019 DOI: 10.1038/srep22184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gli1 is a downstream transcriptional factor of Sonic hedgehog pathway in mammalians, and has been recognized as a proliferative indicator of carcinogenesis. However, its actual role in prognosis among solid malignancies remains unclear. Therefore we performed this meta-analysis aiming to discover the correlation between Gli1 positivity and clinical prognosis in patients suffering from diverse carcinomas. A total of 39 studies containing 4496 cases were selected into our quantitative analysis via electronic database search. Original data of 3-year, 5-year, 10-year overall survival and disease-free survival were extracted and calculated using odds ratio and Mantel-Haenszel model. Subgroup analysis was also conducted to clarify the possible confounding factors. P < 0.05 was considered significant in statistics. Gli1 redundancy was associated with worse 3-year, 5-year, 10-year overall survival and disease-free survival in solid malignancies. Different source regions, sample-size, mean-age and detection approaches had no impact on the negative prognostic effect of Gli1 over-expression. Nevertheless, stratified by cancer type and subcellular localization, cytoplasmic Gli1 expression and Gli1 positivity in intracranial tumors was not correlated to poorer 3-year and 5-year prognosis. The over-expression of Gli1 is a credible indicator of poorer prognosis in most of solid malignancies, irrespective of intracranial tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Jinbo Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
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Loughlin KR. The Hedgehog pathway: potential biomarker and therapeutic applications in urologic malignancies. Urol Oncol 2014; 32:546-8. [PMID: 24814405 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2014.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The Hedgehog pathway has been implicated in the development of several non-urologic malignancies. Recent work suggests that the activation of the glioma-associated GLi family of zinc finger transcription factors may play a role in some urologic malignancies. This review surveys the potential role of the Hedgehog pathway as a new class of biomarker in some urologic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin R Loughlin
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
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