Hallman I, Tapio H, Raekallio M, Karikoski N. Effect of constant rate infusion of detomidine with and without vatinoxan on blood glucose and insulin concentrations in horses.
Vet Anaesth Analg 2024;
51:144-151. [PMID:
38103967 DOI:
10.1016/j.vaa.2023.11.005]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To assess the effects of an α2-adrenoceptor agonist (detomidine) constant rate infusion (CRI) with and without an α2-adrenoceptor antagonist (vatinoxan) CRI on blood insulin and glucose concentrations, heart rate, intestinal borborygmi, and sedation during and after infusion in horses.
STUDY DESIGN
Randomized, blinded, crossover, experimental study.
ANIMALS
A total of nine healthy, adult Finnhorse mares.
METHODS
Horses were treated with an intravenous (IV) detomidine loading dose (0.01 mg kg-1), followed by CRI (0.015 mg kg-1 hour-1), and the same doses of detomidine combined with an IV vatinoxan loading dose (0.15 mg kg-1), followed by CRI (detomidine and vatinoxan; 0.05 mg kg-1 hour-1) with an 18 day washout period. Infusion time was 60 minutes and horses were monitored for 240 minutes after the infusion. Heart rate, borborygmi score and sedation were assessed, and blood glucose, insulin and triglyceride concentrations were measured. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ancova and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
Insulin concentration decreased during (median nadir 1.7, range 0.0-2.9 μIU mL-1 at 60 minutes, p < 0.0001) and increased after detomidine CRI (median 36.6, range 11.7-78.4 μIU mL-1 at 180 minutes, p = 0.0001) significantly compared with detomidine and vatinoxan CRI. A significant elevation of blood glucose (peak 11.5 ± 1.6 mmol L-1 at 60 minutes, p < 0.0001) was detected during detomidine CRI. Vatinoxan alleviated the insulin changes and abolished the significant increase in blood glucose. Vatinoxan alleviated the decrease in heart rate (p = 0.0001) during detomidine infusion. No significant differences were detected in sedation scores between treatments.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Vatinoxan attenuated the negative adverse effects of detomidine CRI and thus is potentially beneficial when used in combination with an α2-adrenoceptor agonist CRI in horses.
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