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Araos J, Hayes GM, Nugen SA, Lao D, Fredericks CE, King AL, Martin-Flores M. Effect of continuous positive airway pressure helmet on respiratory function following surgical procedures in brachycephalic dogs: A randomized controlled trial. Vet Surg 2024. [PMID: 38803143 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.14111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on respiratory function in the early postoperative period of brachycephalic dogs. STUDY DESIGN Prospective, randomized clinical trial. ANIMALS A total of 32 dogs. METHODS Dogs were assigned to recover with or without CPAP (control) and assessed at specific time points over 1 h. Treatment was discontinued for dogs with a CPAP tolerance score of 3 or more (from a range of 0-4). The primary outcome was pulse oximetry (SpO2). Secondary outcomes were arterial O2 pressure (PaO2)/FiO2 ratio (PaO2/FiO2), arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2), and rectal temperature. For dogs that reached a CPAP tolerance score of 3 or more, only the data collected up to the time point before discontinuation were included in the analysis. The treatment effect (β) was analyzed using random effects models and the results were reported with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Dogs were assigned randomly to each protocol. Baseline characteristics in both groups were comparable. Arterial blood gases were obtained in seven control group dogs and nine CPAP group dogs. Treatment did not affect SpO2 (β = -0.1, -2.1 to 2.0) but affected the PaO2/FiO2 ratio (β = 58.1, 2.6 to 113.6), with no effects on PaCO2 (β = -4.3, -10.5 to 1.9) or temperature (β = 0.4, -0.8 to 1.6). CONCLUSION In postoperative brachycephalic dogs, CPAP had no effect on SpO2 but improved the PaO2/FiO2 ratio in brachycephalic dogs postoperatively. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Continuous positive airway pressure offers a valuable solution to improve gas exchange efficiency, a prevalent concern in postoperative brachycephalic dogs, with the potential to enhance overall outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquin Araos
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Galina M Hayes
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Sarah A Nugen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Derek Lao
- College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Carol E Fredericks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Andrea L King
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Manuel Martin-Flores
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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de Jaureguizar Tesas MR, Matson H, Tappin S, Thomas E. The use of High-Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy in 4 dogs undergoing bronchoscopy. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1088103. [PMID: 37065223 PMCID: PMC10101201 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1088103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionHigh-Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy is a method to deliver warmed, humidified air-oxygen blended at high flow rates to patients through a nasal cannula using a specialized, commercially available machine. This is a well-tolerated, safe and effective method for oxygen delivery to healthy and hypoxemic dogs. Patients undergoing bronchoscopic procedures frequently develop hypoxemia. Human trials have shown a reduction in incidents of hypoxemic events and higher pulse oximeter oxygen saturation during bronchoscopies in patients on High-Flow Nasal Oxygen.Materials and methodsThis is a single-centre, prospective case series. All dogs weighing between 5 and 15 kg and undergoing bronchoscopy during the study period (03/07/2022-01/10/2022) were eligible.ResultsTwelve patients were eligible for inclusion of which four were enrolled. No clinically significant complications related to the use of High-Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy were recorded. Two of the patients were re-intubated post bronchoscopy due to clinician preference for recovery. One of the patients had a self-limiting period of severe hypoxemia with a pulse oximeter oxygen saturation of 84% for < 1 min during bronchoalveolar lavage, and whilst undergoing High-Flow Nasal Oxygen administration. Another patient had a self-limiting episode of mild hypoxemia (SpO2 of 94% lasting < 1 min) 5 min after completion of bronchoalveolar lavage.ConclusionNo clinically relevant complications relating to High-Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy were recorded in this case series, although further studies are required to confirm this conclusion. This initial data suggests that the use of High-Flow Nasal Oxygen therapy during bronchoscopy is feasible and potentially safe, although it may not prevent hypoxemia in these patients. The use of High-Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy during bronchoscopy in small patients carries multiple potential benefits and further studies to compare its efficacy against other traditional oxygen delivery systems are warranted in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosa de Jaureguizar Tesas
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Georgia University (UGA), Athens, GA, United States
| | - Hannah Matson
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Royal Veterinary College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Tappin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dick White Referrals (Part of Linnaeus Veterinary Limited), Newmarket, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Thomas
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Dick White Referrals (Part of Linnaeus Veterinary Limited), Newmarket, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Emily Thomas
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Brabant OA, Byrne DP, Sacks M, Moreno Martinez F, Raisis AL, Araos JB, Waldmann AD, Schramel JP, Ambrosio A, Hosgood G, Braun C, Auer U, Bleul U, Herteman N, Secombe CJ, Schoster A, Soares J, Beazley S, Meira C, Adler A, Mosing M. Thoracic Electrical Impedance Tomography-The 2022 Veterinary Consensus Statement. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:946911. [PMID: 35937293 PMCID: PMC9354895 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.946911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive real-time non-ionising imaging modality that has many applications. Since the first recorded use in 1978, the technology has become more widely used especially in human adult and neonatal critical care monitoring. Recently, there has been an increase in research on thoracic EIT in veterinary medicine. Real-time imaging of the thorax allows evaluation of ventilation distribution in anesthetised and conscious animals. As the technology becomes recognised in the veterinary community there is a need to standardize approaches to data collection, analysis, interpretation and nomenclature, ensuring comparison and repeatability between researchers and studies. A group of nineteen veterinarians and two biomedical engineers experienced in veterinary EIT were consulted and contributed to the preparation of this statement. The aim of this consensus is to provide an introduction to this imaging modality, to highlight clinical relevance and to include recommendations on how to effectively use thoracic EIT in veterinary species. Based on this, the consensus statement aims to address the need for a streamlined approach to veterinary thoracic EIT and includes: an introduction to the use of EIT in veterinary species, the technical background to creation of the functional images, a consensus from all contributing authors on the practical application and use of the technology, descriptions and interpretation of current available variables including appropriate statistical analysis, nomenclature recommended for consistency and future developments in thoracic EIT. The information provided in this consensus statement may benefit researchers and clinicians working within the field of veterinary thoracic EIT. We endeavor to inform future users of the benefits of this imaging modality and provide opportunities to further explore applications of this technology with regards to perfusion imaging and pathology diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia A. Brabant
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - David P. Byrne
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Muriel Sacks
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Anthea L. Raisis
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Joaquin B. Araos
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Andreas D. Waldmann
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Rostock University Medical Centre, Rostock, Germany
| | - Johannes P. Schramel
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Intensive Care Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aline Ambrosio
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giselle Hosgood
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Christina Braun
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Intensive Care Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrike Auer
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Intensive Care Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrike Bleul
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Farm Animals, Vetsuisse-Faculty University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Herteman
- Clinic for Equine Internal Medicine, Equine Hospital, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cristy J. Secombe
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Angelika Schoster
- Clinic for Equine Internal Medicine, Equine Hospital, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joao Soares
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Shannon Beazley
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College Veterinary Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Carolina Meira
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Anaesthesiology, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andy Adler
- Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Martina Mosing
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Boustead KJ, Grace JF, Buck RK, Zeiler GE. Comparative effects of three different ventilatory treatments on arterial blood gas values and oxygen extraction in healthy anaesthetised dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg 2022; 49:251-264. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Krawec P, Marshall K, Odunayo A. A Review of High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy in Human and Veterinary Medicine. Top Companion Anim Med 2021; 46:100596. [PMID: 34757156 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2021.100596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory distress is a common ailment in small animal medicine. Oxygen supplementation is a mainstay of initial therapy. High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy (HFNCOT) has become increasingly popular as a treatment modality in human medicine, and more recently in canine patients. These devices deliver high flow rates of heated and humidified oxygen at an adjustable fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2). This article reviews current literature in human patients on HFNCOT as well as studies that have evaluated its use in veterinary patients. A discussion of the respiratory physiology that is associated with respiratory distress, in addition to an overview of currently available oxygen supplementation modalities is provided. The physiologic benefits of HFNCOT are explained, as are technical aspects associated with its use. Recommendations on initial settings, maintenance therapy, and weaning are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Krawec
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
| | - Kristen Marshall
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
| | - Adesola Odunayo
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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Foster A, Seo J, Veres‐Nyéki K. Anaesthetic and perioperative management of a dog with biventricular congestive heart failure and advanced second‐degree atrioventricular block. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/vrc2.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Foster
- Anaesthesia and Analgesia Royal Veterinary College London UK
| | - Joonbum Seo
- Anaesthesia and Analgesia Royal Veterinary College London UK
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Hong S, Wang H, Tian Y, Qiao L. The roles of noninvasive mechanical ventilation with helmet in patients with acute respiratory failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250063. [PMID: 33857228 PMCID: PMC8049716 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the safety and effectiveness between helmet and face mask noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) in patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF). Methods English databases included PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Science. Chinese databases involved Wanfang Data, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database and Chinese Biological Medicine Database. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing helmet and face mask NIMV for patients with ARF were searched. Meta-analysis was performed using Review manager 5.1.0. Results Twelve trials with a total of 569 patients were eligible. Our meta-analysis showed that, comparing with face mask, helmet could significantly decrease the incidences of intolerance [risk ratio (RR) 0.19; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.09−0.39], facial skin ulcer (RR 0.19; 95% CI 0.08−0.43) and aerophagia (RR 0.15; 95% CI 0.06−0.37), reduce respiratory rate [mean difference (MD) -3.10; 95% CI -4.85 to -1.34], intubation rate (RR 0.39; 95% CI 0.26−0.59) and hospital mortality (RR 0.62; 95% CI 0.39−0.99) in patients with ARF, and improve oxygenation index in patients with hypoxemic ARF (MD 55.23; 95% CI 31.37−79.09). However, subgroupanalysis for hypercapnic ARF revealed that PaCO2 was significantly reduced in face mask group compared with helmet group (MD 5.34; 95% CI 3.41−7.27). Conclusion NIMV with helmet can improve the patient’s tolerance, reduce adverse events, increase oxygenation effect, and decrease intubation rate and hospital mortality comparing to face mask. However, the low number of patients from included studies may preclude strong conclusions. Large RCTs are still needed to provide more robust evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukun Hong
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Hongye Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Yonggang Tian
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Lujun Qiao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
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Di Bella C, Araos J, Lacitignola L, Grasso S, De Marzo L, Crovace AM, Staffieri F. Effects of continuous positive airway pressure administered by a helmet in cats under general anaesthesia. J Feline Med Surg 2021; 23:337-343. [PMID: 32840420 PMCID: PMC10812219 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x20951279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the respiratory effects of non-invasive continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) administered by a helmet in healthy cats under anaesthesia. METHODS Fifteen healthy male cats scheduled for castration were anaesthetised with medetomidine (20 µg/kg), ketamine (10 mg/kg) and buprenorphine (20 µg/kg) intramuscularly. When an adequate level of anaesthesia was achieved, a paediatric helmet was placed on all subjects. The helmet was connected to a Venturi valve supplied with medical air and cats received the following phases of treatments: 0 cmH2O (pre-CPAP), 5 cmH2O (CPAP) and 0 cmH2O (post-CPAP). Each treatment lasted 10 mins. At the end of each phase an arterial blood sample was drawn. The following data were also collected: mean arterial pressure, respiratory rate, heart rate and the anaesthesia level score (0 = awake, 10 = deep anaesthesia). The alveolar to arterial oxygen gradient (P[A-a]O2) and the venous admixture (Fshunt) were also estimated. Data were analysed with two-way ANOVA (P <0.05). RESULTS The arterial partial pressure of oxygen was higher (P <0.001) at CPAP (103.2 ± 5.1 mmHg) vs pre-CPAP (77.5 ± 7.4 mmHg) and post-CPAP (84.6 ± 8.1 mmHg). The P(A-a)O2 and the Fshunt were lower (P <0.001) at CPAP (4.4 ± 2.3 mmHg; 7.4 ± 3.1%) vs pre-CPAP (18.9 ± 6.4 mmHg; 22.8 ± 4.6%) and post-CPAP (15.6 ± 7.3 mmHg; 20.9 ± 4.6 %). No other parameters differed between groups. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Non-invasive CPAP applied by a helmet improves oxygenation in cats under injectable general anaesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Di Bella
- Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Joaquin Araos
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Luca Lacitignola
- Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Grasso
- Section of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Bari, Italy
| | - Linda De Marzo
- Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Alberto Maria Crovace
- Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Staffieri
- Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
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Stabile M, Lacitignola L, Piemontese MR, Di Bella C, Acquafredda C, Grasso S, Crovace AM, Gomez de Segura IA, Staffieri F. Comparison of CPAP and oxygen therapy for treatment of postoperative hypoxaemia in dogs. J Small Anim Pract 2021; 62:351-358. [PMID: 33586789 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare 5 cmH2 O of continuous positive airway pressure with oxygen therapy in dogs recovering from general anaesthesia with low SpO2 values. continuous positive airway pressure is more effective than oxygen therapy in restoring normoxaemia (SpO2 ≥95%). MATERIALS AND METHODS Prospectively, dogs recovering from anaesthesia, with SpO2 <95% after extubation (T0), were randomised and treated with continuous positive airway pressure (FiO2 0.21) or oxygen (O2 ; FiO2 0.35-0.40) therapy. Dogs were monitored with SpO2 every 15 minutes for 1 hour (T15, T30, T45, T60). Data from normoxaemic dogs (SpO2 >95%) were used as control (CTR). RESULTS Of the 42 dogs enrolled, 34 completed the study. Eleven dogs were treated with O2 , 10 with continuous positive airway pressure and 13 were CTR. The SpO2 values at T0 were similar in the continuous positive airway pressure and O2 groups and were lower than in the CTR group. At T15, T30, T45 and T60, the SpO2 values in the continuous positive airway pressure group were higher than at T0; these were similar to those of the CTR group at the same time-points. In the O2 group, SpO2 values were significantly higher at T45 and T60 than at T0; 45.5% of dogs became normoxaemic at T45 and the remaining dogs became normoxaemic at T60. The average time to reach normoxaemia in the O2 group (53.1±7.3 minutes) was longer than in the continuous positive airway pressure group (15.0±0.0 minutes). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE In dogs recovering from general anaesthesia with pulmonary gas exchange impairment, normoxaemia is restored more effectively and rapidly by using continuous positive airway pressure than by oxygen therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Stabile
- Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.,PhD Course in Organs and Tissues Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - L Lacitignola
- Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - M R Piemontese
- Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - C Di Bella
- Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - C Acquafredda
- Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.,PhD Course in Organs and Tissues Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - S Grasso
- Section of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - A M Crovace
- Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - I A Gomez de Segura
- Anaesthesiology Service, Veterinary Clinical Hospital, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Staffieri
- Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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Rondelli V, Guarracino A, Iacobellis P, Grasso S, Stripoli T, Lacitignola L, Auriemma E, Romano F, Araos JD, Staffieri F. Evaluation of the effects of helmet continuous positive airway pressure on laryngeal size in dogs anesthetized with propofol and fentanyl using computed tomography. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2020; 30:543-549. [PMID: 32649044 DOI: 10.1111/vec.12977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of 5 cm H2 O of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on laryngeal size in spontaneously breathing anesthetized dogs via computed tomography (CT). DESIGN Prospective, randomized, cross-over clinical study. SETTING University teaching hospital and referral private practice. ANIMALS Eight healthy client-owned dogs undergoing CT. INTERVENTIONS Dogs were sedated with acepromazine 20 μg/kg IM and induced with fentanyl 2 μg/kg and propofol 3-5 mg/kg IV before being maintained on fentanyl (5 μg/kg/h) and propofol (0.3 mg/kg/min) constant rate infusion. Dogs received an air/oxygen mixture with (CPAP) and without (NO-CPAP) 5 cm H2 O of CPAP in a random order. Each study step lasted 15 minutes. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Ten minutes after the beginning of each study period, a CT scan of the laryngeal region was obtained at end-expiration. CT images were analyzed to determine the laryngeal cross-sectional area (CSA; cm2 ), total volume (VTOT ; cm3 ), and laterolateral and dorsoventral diameters (DLL and DDV , respectively; cm). Differences between the 2 treatments were analyzed with t-test for paired data (P < 0.05). Compared to the NO-CPAP, during CPAP the CSA increased by 53.3 ± 23.1% (ie, from 3.3 ± 0.8 to 5.1 ± 1.3 cm2 , P = 0.0004), VTOT increased by 52.4 ± 13.6% (from 6.2 ± 1.7 to 9.4 ± 2.4 cm3 , P < 0.0001), and DLL and DDV were 55.5 ± 13.3% (3.6 ± 0.8 vs 2.4 ± 0.5 cm, P = 0.006) and 20.3 ± 8.8% larger (3.2 ± 0.7 vs 2.7 ± 0.6 cm, P = 0.0002), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Laryngeal volume and cross sectional area increased during the application of 5 cm H2 O of helmet CPAP in spontaneously breathing anesthetized dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandro Guarracino
- Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplants, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Iacobellis
- Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplants, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Grasso
- Section of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplants, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Tania Stripoli
- Section of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplants, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Luca Lacitignola
- Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplants, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | - Joaquin D Araos
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Veterinaire, Faculte de Medecine Veterinaire, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Francesco Staffieri
- Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplants, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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Tucker PK, Macfarlane P. Severe bronchoconstriction as part of a suspected anaphylactic reaction in a dog following administration of gadobutrol. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr-2019-001051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Ceccherini G, Lippi I, Citi S, Perondi F, Pamapanini M, Guidi G, Briganti A. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) provision with a pediatric helmet for treatment of hypoxemic acute respiratory failure in dogs. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2019; 30:41-49. [PMID: 31872531 DOI: 10.1111/vec.12920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate arterial blood gas parameters and pulmonary radiography, before and after provision of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) via a pediatric helmet in dogs with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. DESIGN Single-center, observational study conducted from 2016 to 2017. SETTING University teaching hospital. ANIMALS Seventeen dogs presenting with clinical signs compatible with respiratory failure, confirmed by arterial blood gas analyses. INTERVENTIONS For each animal arterial blood samples and thoracic radiographs were performed at arrival (T0 ). Hypoxemic dogs (PaO2 <80 mm Hg), without evidence of pneumothorax or pleural effusion, received CPAP ventilation via a pediatric Helmet for at least 1 hour. At the end of CPAP ventilation, a second arterial blood gas analysis was performed at room air (T1 ). The F-shunt was also calculated. MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS Respiratory rate, heart rate and rhythm, mean blood pressure, mucosal membrane color, and rectal temperature were recorded. Tolerance to the helmet was evaluated using a predetermined scoring system. Two dogs were excluded from the study for low tolerance to the helmet. In 15 of 17 dogs, a significant difference between T0 and T1 was noted for PaO2 (60.84 ± 3 mm Hg vs 80.2 ± 5.5 mm Hg), P(A-a)O2 (52.4 ± 4.4 mm Hg vs 35.2 ± 6 mm Hg), PaO2 /FiO2 (289.7 ± 14.3 vs 371 ± 21), and %SO2 (91.3 vs 98.8). In 15 of 17 dogs, the helmet was well tolerated. F-shunt significantly decreased following provision of CPAP (37%; range, 8.4-68% vs 6%; range, -5.6-64.3%). CONCLUSION The use of a pediatric helmet appears to be a suitable device for delivery of CPAP in dogs with hypoxemic acute respiratory failure. The device appears to be reasonably tolerated and improved oxygenation in most dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianila Ceccherini
- Department of Veterinary Science, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, Italy
| | - Ilaria Lippi
- Department of Veterinary Science, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, Italy
| | - Simonetta Citi
- Department of Veterinary Science, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, Italy
| | - Francesca Perondi
- Department of Veterinary Science, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, Italy
| | - Michela Pamapanini
- Department of Veterinary Science, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, Italy
| | - Grazia Guidi
- Department of Veterinary Science, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, Italy
| | - Angela Briganti
- Department of Veterinary Science, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, Italy
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13
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Louro LF, Raszplewicz J, Hodgkiss‐Geere H, Pappa E. Postobstructive negative pressure pulmonary oedema in a dog. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr-2019-000892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luís Filipe Louro
- Department of Small Animal Clinical ScienceInstitute of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Joanna Raszplewicz
- Department of Small Animal Clinical ScienceInstitute of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Hannah Hodgkiss‐Geere
- Department of Small Animal Clinical ScienceInstitute of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Eirini Pappa
- Department of Small Animal Clinical ScienceInstitute of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
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14
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Pouzot-Nevoret C, Hocine L, Nègre J, Goy-Thollot I, Barthélemy A, Boselli E, Bonnet JM, Allaouchiche B. Prospective pilot study for evaluation of high-flow oxygen therapy in dyspnoeic dogs: the HOT-DOG study. J Small Anim Pract 2019; 60:656-662. [PMID: 31313305 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the use, effectiveness and tolerance of high-flow oxygen therapy in dyspnoeic dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prospectively, dogs in acute respiratory distress admitted to an intensive care unit between January and May 2018 that failed to respond to nasal oxygen therapy and medical stabilisation after 30 minutes were transitioned to high-flow oxygen therapy. High-flow oxygen therapy, delivered an inspired oxygen fraction of 100% using an air/oxygen blender, active humidifier, single warmed tube and specific nasal cannula. Respiratory rate, pulse oximetry (SpO2 ), heart rate and a tolerance score were assessed every 15 minutes from T0 (under nasal oxygen) to 1 hour (T60 ), and PaO2 and PaCO2 at T0 and T60 . Complications were recorded for each dog. RESULTS Eleven dogs were included. At T60 , PaO2 , flow rate and SpO2 were significantly greater than at T0 (171 ± 123 versus 73 ± 24 mmHg; P=0.015; 18 ±12 L/minute versus 3.2 ± 2.0 L/minute, P<0.01; 97.7 ±2.3% versus 91.6 ±7.2%, P=0.03, respectively). There was no significant difference in PaCO2 , respiratory rate or heart rate between T0 and T60 . Tolerance was excellent, and there were no complications. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE High-flow oxygen therapy improves markers of oxygenation in dyspnoeic dogs and is an effective means to deliver oxygen with comfort and minimal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pouzot-Nevoret
- Intensive Care Unit (SIAMU), Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l'Etoile, F-69280, France.,Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l'Etoile, F-69280, France
| | - L Hocine
- Intensive Care Unit (SIAMU), Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l'Etoile, F-69280, France.,Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l'Etoile, F-69280, France
| | - J Nègre
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l'Etoile, F-69280, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Service de Réanimation, Pierre-Bénite, F-69310, France
| | - I Goy-Thollot
- Intensive Care Unit (SIAMU), Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l'Etoile, F-69280, France.,Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l'Etoile, F-69280, France
| | - A Barthélemy
- Intensive Care Unit (SIAMU), Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l'Etoile, F-69280, France.,Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l'Etoile, F-69280, France
| | - E Boselli
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l'Etoile, F-69280, France
| | - J M Bonnet
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l'Etoile, F-69280, France
| | - B Allaouchiche
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l'Etoile, F-69280, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Service de Réanimation, Pierre-Bénite, F-69310, France
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15
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Joerger FB, Dennler M, Meira C, Mosing M, Richter H, Ringer SK. Cardiovascular effects of two adenosine constant rate infusions in anaesthetized dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg 2019; 46:289-298. [PMID: 30967341 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adenosine induces vasodilatation. The aim of this study was to investigate cardiovascular effects of two adenosine constant rate infusion (CRI) doses in dogs. STUDY DESIGN Experimental, longitudinal repeated measure design. ANIMALS Ten healthy purpose-bred Beagle dogs. METHODS Each dog was sedated with butorphanol. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol intravenously and maintained with sevoflurane (inspired oxygen fraction = 47-55%). Controlled mechanical ventilation was used to maintain normocapnia. Two doses of adenosine were administered as CRIs to each dog: 140 μg kg-1 minute-1 (A140) followed by 280 μg kg-1 minute-1 (A280). Pulse rate, invasive arterial pressure and stroke volume (by magnetic resonance phase contrast angiography) were measured at baseline, 3 minutes after starting adenosine and 3 and 10 minutes after discontinuing adenosine. Cardiac output, cardiac index and approximated systemic vascular resistances (approximate SVR) were calculated. Additionally, arterial blood gases, co-oximetry, electrolytes, glucose and lactate were measured and oxygen content and delivery calculated. One-way repeated measures analysis of variance (p < 0.05) was used for data analysis. RESULTS A140 and A280 resulted in a significant decrease in arterial blood pressure [systolic (p = 0.008), mean (p = 0.003), and diastolic arterial pressure (p = 0.004)] and approximate SVR (p = 0.008) compared with baseline. No significant changes were detected for the other variables. All values returned to baseline within 3 minutes after adenosine discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Adenosine CRI decreases arterial pressure by vasodilatation in healthy dogs. No additional effects were observed with the higher dose. The effects in compromised dogs remain to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola B Joerger
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Division of Anaesthesiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Mathias Dennler
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Clinic of Diagnostic Imaging, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carolina Meira
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Division of Anaesthesiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martina Mosing
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Division of Anaesthesiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; College of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Henning Richter
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Clinic of Diagnostic Imaging, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simone K Ringer
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Division of Anaesthesiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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