Standaert B, Strens D, Li X, Schecroun N, Raes M. The Sustained Rotavirus Vaccination Impact on Nosocomial Infection, Duration of Hospital Stay, and Age: The RotaBIS Study (2005-2012).
Infect Dis Ther 2016;
5:509-524. [PMID:
27714677 PMCID:
PMC5125134 DOI:
10.1007/s40121-016-0131-0]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
The benefits of rotavirus (RV) vaccination in developed countries have focused on reductions in mortality, hospitalization and medical visits, and herd protection. We investigated other aspects related to RV-induced nosocomial infection, duration of hospital stay, age shift, and sustained vaccine impact (VI) over time.
Method
RotaBIS (Rotavirus Belgian Impact Study; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT01563146) annually collects retrospective data on hospitalization linked to RV testing in children up to 5 years old from 11 pediatric wards located all over Belgium. Data from 2005 to 2012 have been split in pre- (2005–2006) and post-vaccination (2007–2012) period. Information was collected on age, gender, RV test result, nosocomial infection caused by RV and duration of hospital stay.
Results
Over the 6-year period after the introduction of the RV vaccine, an 85% reduction in nosocomial infections was observed (221 in 2005 to 33 in 2012, p < 0.001). A significant reduction of almost 2 days in average duration of hospital stay per event was observed overall (7.62 days in 2005 to 5.77 days in 2012, p < 0.001). The difference is mainly explained by the higher reduction in number of nosocomial infections. A pronounced age shift (+24%, p < 0.01) of RV nosocomial infection to infants ≤2 months old was observed, increasing with length of post-vaccination period. VI was maintained over the follow-up (±79% VI per birth cohort). A decrease was seen depending on age, 85% (95% CI 76–91%) in the youngest to 63% (95% CI 22–92%) in the oldest age group.
Conclusion
The higher reduction in nosocomial infection may affect the overall average duration of hospital stay for RV infection. No change in VI by birth cohort, but a reduction by age group was observed. These findings could be important for decision-makers considering the introduction of universal mass RV vaccination programs.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier,
NCT01563146.
Funding
GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA (Rixensart, Belgium).
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