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Furuta A, Coleman M, Casares R, Seepersaud R, Orvis A, Brokaw A, Quach P, Nguyen S, Sweeney E, Sharma K, Wallen G, Sanghavi R, Mateos-Gil J, Cuerva JM, Millán A, Rajagopal L. CD1 and iNKT cells mediate immune responses against the GBS hemolytic lipid toxin induced by a non-toxic analog. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011490. [PMID: 37384812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although hemolytic lipids have been discovered from many human pathogens including Group B Streptococcus (GBS), strategies that neutralize their function are lacking. GBS is a leading cause of pregnancy-associated neonatal infections, and adult GBS infections are on the rise. The GBS hemolytic lipid toxin or granadaene, is cytotoxic to many immune cells including T and B cells. We previously showed that mice immunized with a synthetic nontoxic analog of granadaene known as R-P4 had reduced bacterial dissemination during systemic infection. However, mechanisms important for R-P4 mediated immune protection was not understood. Here, we show that immune serum from R-P4-immunized mice facilitate GBS opsonophagocytic killing and protect naïve mice from GBS infection. Further, CD4+ T cells isolated from R-P4-immunized mice proliferated in response to R-P4 stimulation in a CD1d- and iNKT cell-dependent manner. Consistent with these observations, R-P4 immunized mice lacking CD1d or CD1d-restricted iNKT cells exhibit elevated bacterial burden. Additionally, adoptive transfer of iNKT cells from R-P4 vaccinated mice significantly reduced GBS dissemination compared to adjuvant controls. Finally, maternal R-P4 vaccination provided protection against ascending GBS infection during pregnancy. These findings are relevant in the development of therapeutic strategies targeting lipid cytotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Furuta
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Michelle Coleman
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Raquel Casares
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Ravin Seepersaud
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Austyn Orvis
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Alyssa Brokaw
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Phoenicia Quach
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Shayla Nguyen
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Erin Sweeney
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Kavita Sharma
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Grace Wallen
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Rhea Sanghavi
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jaime Mateos-Gil
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Alba Millán
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Lakshmi Rajagopal
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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Manne K, Chattopadhyay D, Agarwal V, Blom AM, Khare B, Chakravarthy S, Chang C, Ton-That H, Narayana SVL. Novel structure of the N-terminal helical domain of BibA, a group B streptococcus immunogenic bacterial adhesin. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2020; 76:759-770. [PMID: 32744258 PMCID: PMC7397492 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798320008116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BibA, a group B streptococcus (GBS) surface protein, has been shown to protect the pathogen from phagocytic killing by sequestering a complement inhibitor: C4b-binding protein (C4BP). Here, the X-ray crystallographic structure of a GBS BibA fragment (BibA126-398) and a low-resolution small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) structure of the full-length N-terminal domain (BibA34-400) are described. The BibA126-398 fragment crystal structure displayed a novel and predominantly helical structure. The tertiary arrangement of helices forms four antiparallel three-helix-bundle-motif repeats, with one long helix from a bundle extending into the next. Multiple mutations on recombinant BibA34-400 delayed the degradation of the protein, and circular dichroism spectroscopy of BibA34-400 suggested a similar secondary-structure composition to that observed in the crystallized BibA126-398 fragment. A model was generated for the 92 N-terminal residues (BibA34-125) using structural similarity prediction programs, and a BibA34-400 model was generated by combining the coordinates of BibA34-126 and BibA126-398. The X-ray structure of BibA126-398 and the model of BibA34-400 fitted well into the calculated SAXS envelope. One possible binding site for the BibA N-terminal domain was localized to the N-terminal CCP (complement-control protein) domains of the C4BP α-chain, as indicated by the decreased binding of BibA to a ΔCCP1 C4BP α-chain mutant. In summary, it is suggested that the GBS surface protein BibA, which consists of three antiparallel α-helical-bundle motifs, is unique and belongs to a new class of Gram-positive surface adhesins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Manne
- Center for Biophysical Sciences and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birningham, AL 35294, USA
| | | | - Vaibhav Agarwal
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, S-214 28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anna M. Blom
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, S-214 28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Baldeep Khare
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Srinivas Chakravarthy
- The Biophysics Collaborative Access Team (BioCAT), Department of Biological Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Chungyu Chang
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hung Ton-That
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sthanam V. L. Narayana
- Center for Biophysical Sciences and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birningham, AL 35294, USA
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Jiang X, Yang Y, Zhu L, Gu Y, Shen H, Shan Y, Li X, Wu J, Fang W. Live Streptococcus suis type 5 strain XS045 provides cross-protection against infection by strains of types 2 and 9. Vaccine 2016; 34:6529-6538. [PMID: 27349838 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus suis is one of the common pathogens causing diseases in pigs and covers 35 serotypes with the type 2 strains being more pathogenic and zoonotic. Existing inactivated or subunit vaccines, in clinical use or under trial, could not provide cross protection against other serotypes. We identified a natural low-virulence S. suis type 5 strain XS045 as a live vaccine candidate because it is highly adhesive to the cultured HEp-2 cells, but with no apparent pathogenicity in mice and piglets. We further demonstrate that subcutaneous administration of the live XS045 strain to mice induced high antibody responses and was able to provide cross protection against challenges by a type 2 strain HA9801 (100% protection) and a type 9 strain JX13 (85% protection). Induction of high-titer antibodies with opsonizing activity as well as their cross-reactivity to surface proteins of the types 2 and 9 strains and anti-adhesion effect could be the mechanisms of cross protection. This is the first report that a live vaccine candidate S. suis type 5 strain could induce cross-protection against strains of types 2 and 9. This candidate strain is to be further examined for safety in pigs of different ages and breeds as well as for its protection against other serotypes or other strains of the type 2, a serotype of particular importance from public health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowu Jiang
- Zhejiang University, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yunkai Yang
- Zhejiang University, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Lexin Zhu
- Zhejiang University, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yuanxing Gu
- Zhejiang University, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Hongxia Shen
- Zhejiang University, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Ying Shan
- Zhejiang University, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- Zhejiang University, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jiusheng Wu
- Zhejiang University, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Weihuan Fang
- Zhejiang University, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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Abstract
Passive protection, the administration of antibodies to prevent infection, has garnered significant interest in recent years as a potential prophylactic countermeasure to decrease the prevalence of hospital-acquired infections. Pili, polymerized protein structures covalently anchored to the peptidoglycan wall of many Gram-positive pathogens, are ideal targets for antibody intervention, given their importance in establishing infection and their accessibility to antibody interactions. In this work, we demonstrated that a monoclonal antibody to the major component of Enterococcus faecalis pili, EbpC, labels polymerized pilus structures, diminishes biofilm formation, and significantly prevents the establishment of a rat endocarditis infection. The effectiveness of this anti-EbpC monoclonal provides strong evidence in support of its potential as a preventative. In addition, after radiolabeling, this monoclonal identified the site of enterococcal infection, providing a rare example of molecularly specific imaging of an established bacterial infection and demonstrating the versatility of this agent for use in future diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
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Papasergi S, Lanza Cariccio V, Pietrocola G, Domina M, D'Aliberti D, Trunfio MG, Signorino G, Peppoloni S, Biondo C, Mancuso G, Midiri A, Rindi S, Teti G, Speziale P, Felici F, Beninati C. Immunogenic properties of Streptococcus agalactiae FbsA fragments. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75266. [PMID: 24086487 PMCID: PMC3782484 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several species of Gram-positive bacteria can avidly bind soluble and surface-associated fibrinogen (Fng), a property that is considered important in the pathogenesis of human infections. To gain insights into the mechanism by which group B Streptococcus (GBS), a frequent neonatal pathogen, interacts with Fng, we have screened two phage displayed genomic GBS libraries. All of the Fng-binding phage clones contained inserts encoding fragments of FbsA, a protein displaying multiple repeats. Since the functional role of this protein is only partially understood, representative fragments were recombinantly expressed and analyzed for Fng binding affinity and ability to induce immune protection against GBS infection. Maternal immunization with 6pGST, a fragment containing five repeats, significantly protected mouse pups against lethal GBS challenge and these protective effects could be recapitulated by administration of anti-6pGST serum from adult animals. Notably, a monoclonal antibody that was capable of neutralizing Fng binding by 6pGST, but not a non-neutralizing antibody, could significantly protect pups against lethal GBS challenge. These data suggest that FbsA-Fng interaction promotes GBS pathogenesis and that blocking such interaction is a viable strategy to prevent or treat GBS infections.
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Patterson H, Saralahti A, Parikka M, Dramsi S, Trieu-Cuot P, Poyart C, Rounioja S, Rämet M. Adult zebrafish model of bacterial meningitis in Streptococcus agalactiae infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 38:447-455. [PMID: 22867759 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2012.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) is the major cause of severe bacterial disease and meningitis in newborns. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has recently emerged as a valuable and powerful vertebrate model for the study of human streptococcal infections. In the present study we demonstrate that adult zebrafish are susceptible to GBS infection through the intraperitoneal and intramuscular routes of infection. Following intraperitoneal challenge with GBS, zebrafish developed a fulminant infection 24-48 h post-injection, with signs of pathogenesis including severe inflammation at the injection site and meningoencephalitis. Quantification of blood and brain bacterial load confirmed that GBS is capable of replicating in the zebrafish bloodstream and penetrating the blood-brain barrier, resulting in the induction of host inflammatory immune responses in the brain. Additionally, we show that GBS mutants previously described as avirulent in the mice model, have an impaired ability to cause meningitis in this new in vivo model. Taken together, our data demonstrates that adult zebrafish may be used as a bacterial meningitis model as a means for deciphering the pathogenesis and development of invasive GBS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Patterson
- Institute of Biomedical Technology, BioMediTech, University of Tampere, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
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Oleksiewicz MB, Nagy G, Nagy E. Anti-bacterial monoclonal antibodies: Back to the future? Arch Biochem Biophys 2012; 526:124-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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