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Wang F, Yang Y, Li Z, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Mu Y, Yang J, Yu L, Wang M. Mannan-Binding Lectin Regulates the Th17/Treg Axis Through JAK/STAT and TGF-β/SMAD Signaling Against Candida albicans Infection. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:1797-1810. [PMID: 35300210 PMCID: PMC8923702 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s344489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) is a key molecule in innate immunity and activates the lectin complement pathway, which plays an important role in resisting Candida albicans (C. albicans) infection. However, the underlying mechanism of this resistance to infection remains unclear. Methods In this study, we investigated how MBL regulates the differentiation of CD4+ T cells into T helper type 17 (Th17) and T regulatory (Treg) cells against C. albicans in mice, as well as the underlying mechanisms. We generated MBL double-knockout (KO) mice and infected them with C. albicans by intraperitoneal injection. Results Compared with that in wild-type (WT) mice, the percentage of Th17 cells increased in MBL-null mice, whereas Treg cells decreased, indicating that MBL might regulate the Th17/Treg balance. In addition, in MBL-null mice, the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-21, and the master transcription factor of Th17 cells, RORγt, significantly increased. Conversely, IL-10, IL-2, and the Treg-specific transcription factor, Foxp3, decreased. Moreover, we found that the levels of TGF-β and IL-6 upregulated in MBL-null mice. Mechanistically, we found that MBL regulated the TGF-β/SMAD pathway through the inhibition of p-SMAD2 and promotion of p-SMAD3, and mediated the JAK/STAT pathway through the inhibition of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 and promotion of p-JAK3 and p-STAT5. MBL double-KO mice showed a more severe inflammatory response and significantly lower survival rates with C. albicans infection. Conclusion These results suggest that MBL regulates the Th17/Treg cell balance to inhibit inflammatory responses, possibly via IL-6- and TGF-β-mediated JAK/STAT and TGF-β/SMAD signaling, and play an important role in anti-C. albicans infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanping Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonghui Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhixin Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Luoyang Oriental Hospital, Luoyang, Henan, 471000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenchao Zhang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonghui Mu
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili Yu
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingyong Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Mingyong Wang; Lili Yu, Email ;
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Wattrang E, Sørensen Dalgaard T, Brødsgaard Kjaerup R, Naghizadeh M, Kabell S, Eriksson H, Söderlund R. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae-specific T-cell responses after experimental infection of chickens selectively bred for high and low serum levels of mannose-binding lectin. Vet Res 2022; 53:105. [PMID: 36510306 PMCID: PMC9743643 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-022-01126-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Erysipelas, caused by infection with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (ER) is an important emerging disease in laying hens. We have earlier observed prominent mannose-binding lectin (MBL) acute phase responses in experimentally ER infected chickens. The present study aimed to further examine immune responses to ER by using chickens selectively bred for high (L10H) and low (L10L) serum MBL levels. Chickens were infected with ER at 3 weeks of age and immune parameters and bacterial load were monitored in blood until day 18 after infection. Blood and spleen leukocytes collected on day 18 were stimulated in vitro with ER antigens and blast transformation of different T-cell populations was assessed. The ER infection gave a very varied outcome and no clear differences were observed between L10H and L10L chickens with respect to leukocyte counts, bacterial load or clinical outcome. Nonetheless, rapid innate responses, e.g., heterophilia and increased serum MBL levels were noted in bacteraemic chickens. All ER infected chickens also showed transient increased expression of mannose receptor MRC1L-B and decreased expression of major histocompatibility complex II on monocytes day 1 after infection indicating monocyte activation or relocation. In vitro ER stimulation showed antigen specific blast transformation of CD4+, TCRγ/δ-CD8αβ+ and TCRγ/δ+CD8αβ+ spleen cells from all infected chickens. For CD4+ and TCRγ/δ-CD8αβ+ cells the proportions of blast transformed cells were significantly higher for samples from L10L chickens than those for samples from L10H chickens. This is the first observation of ER-specific T-cells in chickens and interestingly a Th1-type response comprising cytotoxic T-cells was indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Wattrang
- grid.419788.b0000 0001 2166 9211Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tina Sørensen Dalgaard
- grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | | | - Mohammad Naghizadeh
- grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark ,grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XPresent Address: Centre for Medical Parasitology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Helena Eriksson
- grid.419788.b0000 0001 2166 9211Department of Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Robert Söderlund
- grid.419788.b0000 0001 2166 9211Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
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3
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Idowu PA, Idowu AP, Zishiri OT, Mpofu TJ, Veldhuizen EJA, Nephawe KA, Mtileni B. Activity of Mannose-Binding Lectin on Bacterial-Infected Chickens-A Review. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11030787. [PMID: 33808962 PMCID: PMC8000061 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In the quest to combat bacterial-related diseases in chickens, different methods, of which some are less economical and less effective on the long-term, have been adapted. However, chickens possess mannose-binding lectin (MBL) which could be vital in managing pathogenic bacteria in chickens. MBL is one of the soluble proteins secreted by the chicken’s innate immune system which can be activated when chickens are exposed to chicken-related diseases. This review explains how mannose-binding lectin activation can help in fighting bacterial pathogens in chickens. This knowledge is believed to reduce incessant use of antibiotics and to assist in developing a profitable breeding program with less or no adverse effect on the chicken, human and the environment. Abstract In recent years, diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria have profoundly impacted chicken production by causing economic loss in chicken products and by-product revenues. MBL (mannose-binding lectin) is part of the innate immune system (IIS), which is the host’s first line defense against pathogens. The IIS functions centrally by identifying pathogen-specific microorganism-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) with the help of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Studies have classified mannose-binding lectin (MBL) as one of the PRR molecules which belong to the C-type lectin family. The protective role of MBL lies in its ability to activate the complement system via the lectin pathway and there seems to be a direct link between the chicken’s health status and the MBL concentration in the serum. Several methods have been used to detect the presence, the level and the structure of MBL in chickens such as Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) among others. The concentration of MBL in the chicken ranges from 0.4 to 35 µg/mL and can be at peak levels at three to nine days at entry of pathogens. The variations observed are known to depend on the bacterial strains, breed and age of the chicken and possibly the feed manipulation strategies. However, when chicken MBL (cMBL) becomes deficient, it can result in malfunctioning of the innate immune system, which can predispose chickens to diseases. This article aimed to discuss the importance and components of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) in chickens, its mode of actions, and the different methods used to detect MBL. Therefore, more studies are recommended to explore the causes for low and high cMBL production in chicken breeds and the possible effect of feed manipulation strategies in enhancing cMBL production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Idowu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (T.J.M.); (K.A.N.); (B.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-71-042-3992
| | - Adeola P. Idowu
- Department of Animal Science, North West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa;
| | - Oliver T. Zishiri
- Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa;
| | - Takalani J. Mpofu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (T.J.M.); (K.A.N.); (B.M.)
| | - Edwin J. A. Veldhuizen
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Section of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Khathutshelo A. Nephawe
- Department of Animal Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (T.J.M.); (K.A.N.); (B.M.)
| | - Bohani Mtileni
- Department of Animal Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (T.J.M.); (K.A.N.); (B.M.)
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Wattrang E, Eriksson H, Jinnerot T, Persson M, Bagge E, Söderlund R, Naghizadeh M, Dalgaard TS. Immune responses upon experimental Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection of naïve and vaccinated chickens. Vet Res 2020; 51:114. [PMID: 32928307 PMCID: PMC7488726 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-020-00830-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Erysipelas, a disease caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (ER), is an increasing problem in laying hens housed in cage-free systems. This study aimed to monitor immune responses during ER infection of naïve chickens and chickens vaccinated intra muscularly with a commercial inactivated ER vaccine. Chickens were infected intra muscularly with ER at 30 days of age and blood leukocyte counts, serum levels of mannose binding lectin (MBL) and ER-specific IgY were monitored until the experiment was terminated at day 15 after infection. ER was detected in blood from more chickens and at higher bacterial counts in the naïve group (day 1: 1 of 7 chickens; day 3: 6 of 6 chickens) than in the vaccinated group (day 1: 0 of 7 chickens; day 3: 1 of 6 chickens). During the acute phase of infection transient increases in circulating heterophil numbers and serum MBL levels were detected in all ER infected chickens but these responses were prolonged in chickens from the naïve group compared to vaccinated chickens. Before infection IgY titers to ER in vaccinated chickens did not differ significantly from those of naïve chickens but vaccinated chickens showed significantly increased IgY titers to ER earlier after infection compared to chickens in the naïve group. In conclusion, the ER infection elicited prompt acute innate responses in all chickens. Vaccinated chickens did not have high IgY titers to ER prior to infection but did however show lower levels of bacteraemia and their acute immune responses were of shorter duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Wattrang
- Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Helena Eriksson
- Department of Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tomas Jinnerot
- Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Persson
- Department of Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Bagge
- Department of Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Robert Söderlund
- Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
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Lin J, Wang Z, Wang J, Yang Q. Microarray analysis of infectious bronchitis virus infection of chicken primary dendritic cells. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:557. [PMID: 31286855 PMCID: PMC6615177 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5940-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a major respiratory disease-causing agent in birds that leads to significant losses. Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialised cells responsible for sampling antigens and presenting them to T cells, which also play an essential role in recognising and neutralising viruses. Recent studies have suggested that non-coding RNAs may regulate the functional program of DCs. Expression of host non-coding RNAs changes markedly during infectious bronchitis virus infection, but their role in regulating host immune function has not been explored. Here, microarrays of mRNAs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs were globally performed to analyse how avian DCs respond to IBV. Results First, we found that IBV stimulation did not enhance the maturation ability of avian DCs. Interestingly, inactivated IBV was better able than IBV to induce DC maturation and activate lymphocytes. We identified 1093 up-regulated and 845 down-regulated mRNAs in IBV-infected avian DCs. Gene Ontology analysis suggested that cellular macromolecule and protein location (GO-BP) and transcription factor binding (GO-MF) were abundant in IBV-stimulated avian DCs. Meanwhile, pathway analysis indicated that the oxidative phosphorylation and leukocyte transendothelial migration signalling pathways might be activated in the IBV group. Moreover, alteration of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) was detected in IBV-stimulated avian DCs. In total, 19 significantly altered (7 up and 12 down) miRNAs and 101 (75 up and 26 down) lncRNAs were identified in the IBV-treated group. Further analysis showed that the actin cytoskeleton and MAPK signal pathway were related to the target genes of IBV-stimulated miRNAs. Finally, our study identified 2 TF-microRNA and 53 TF–microRNA–mRNA interactions involving 1 TF, 2 miRNAs, and 53 mRNAs in IBV-stimulated avian DCs. Conclusions Our research suggests a new mechanism to explain why IBV actively blocks innate responses needed for inducing immune gene expression and also provides insight into the pathogenic mechanisms of avian IBV. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5940-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhisheng Wang
- National Veterinary Product Engineering Research Center, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jialu Wang
- College of Veterinary medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China. .,College of Veterinary medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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Larsen FT, Bed'Hom B, Naghizadeh M, Kjærup RB, Zohari S, Dalgaard TS. Immunoprofiling of peripheral blood from infectious bronchitis virus vaccinated MHC-B chicken lines - Monocyte MHC-II expression as a potential correlate of protection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 96:93-102. [PMID: 30763593 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination programs are implemented in poultry farms to limit outbreaks and spread of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), which is a substantial economic burden in the poultry industry. Immune correlates, used to predict vaccine efficacy, have proved difficult to find for IBV-vaccine-induced protection. To find correlates of IBV-vaccine-induced protection, hence, we employed a flow cytometric assay to quantify peripheral leucocyte subsets and expression of cell surface markers of six different non-vaccinated and vaccinated Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) haplotypes. Non-vaccinated and vaccinated MHC haplotypes presented differential leucocyte composition and IBV viral load. A strong effect of MHC-B, but not vaccination, on several leucocyte subsets resulted in positive correlations with IBV viral load based on MHC haplotype ranking. In addition, a strong effect of MHC-B and vaccination on monocyte MHC-II expression showed that animals with highest monocyte MHC-II expression had weakest vaccine-induced protection. In conclusion, we found several interesting MHC-B related immune correlates of protection and that flow cytometric analysis can be employed to study correlates of IBV-vaccine-induced protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik T Larsen
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Bertrand Bed'Hom
- GABI, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Mohammad Naghizadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Rikke B Kjærup
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Siamak Zohari
- National Veterinary Institute, SVA, Ullsv. 2B, S-75189, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tina S Dalgaard
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830, Tjele, Denmark.
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Abstract
Avian infectious bronchitis (IB) is caused by avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) belonging to Coronaviridae family. The disease is prevalent in all countries with almost 100% incidence rate. Chicken and commercially reared pheasant are the natural host for IBV. Virus causes respiratory diseases, poor weight gain, feed efficiency in broiler, damage to oviduct, and abnormal egg production in mature hens resulting in economic losses. IBV also replicates in tracheal and renal epithelial cells leading to prominent tracheal and kidney lesions. Virus undergoes spontaneous mutation leading to continual emergence of new variants. The effectiveness of immunization program is diminished because of poor cross-protection among the serotypes. Identification of circulating serotypes is important in controlling IBV infection. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and TLR21 are involved in early recognition of virus resulting in induction of inflammatory cytokines. Both humoral and cellular immune responses are important in the control of infection. Humoral immunity plays an important role in recovery and clearance of viral infection. IBV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes induce lysis of IBV-infected cells. Effective diagnostic tools are required at field level to identify different IBV variants. Embryonated chicken eggs are effective model for virus isolation. Identification by other specific methods like virus neutralization (VN), hemagglutination inhibition (HI), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunohistochemistry, or nucleic acid analysis or by electron microscopy is also indispensable. VN test in tracheal organ culture is the best method for antigenic typing for surveillance purposes. Continuous epidemiological surveillance, strict biosecurity measures, and vaccine effective against various serotypes are necessary for controlling IB in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashpal Singh Malik
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (ICAR-IVRI), Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Raj Kumar Singh
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (ICAR-IVRI), Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Mahendra Pal Yadav
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (ICAR-IVRI), Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, India
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8
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Naghizadeh M, Wattrang E, Kjærup RB, Bakke M, Shih S, Dalgaard TS. In vitro phagocytosis of opsonized latex beads by HD11 cells as a method to assess the general opsonization potential of chicken serum. Avian Pathol 2018; 47:479-488. [PMID: 29920114 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2018.1490006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Opsonins, an important arm of the innate immune system, are various soluble proteins, which play a critical role in destruction of invading pathogens directly or via engulfment of pathogens through the intermediate of phagocytosis. The diversity of opsonin profiles is under genetic influence and may be associated with variation in disease resistance. The aim of this study was to set up an assay to determine serum opsonophagocytic potential (OPp) for chicken sera by flow cytometry and to evaluate the assay using samples from different chicken lines. Two chicken lines selected for high and low concentrations of mannose-binding lectin, a known opsonin, in serum were used to establish the method. Furthermore, the presumed "robust" Hellevad chickens and two other commercial chicken lines (Hisex and Bovans) were tested to evaluate OPp as a parameter reflecting general immune competence. The results showed that Hellevad and Bovans chickens had higher OPp than Hisex chickens. There were no correlations between concentrations of total IgY or mannose-binding lectin and OPp. However, a strong positive correlation was observed between vaccine-induced infectious bronchitis virus titres and OPp. Moreover, inverse relationships were observed between concentrations of total serum IgM as well as natural antibody levels, and OPp. In conclusion, in vitro opsonophagocytosis assessment and determination of OPp may be of relevance when addressing general innate immunocompetence. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS A flow cytometry method was developed to assess poultry serum opsonophagocytosis potential. This method is based on serum-opsonin-coated polystyrene beads and HD11 cell phagocytosis. Serum samples from different commercial chicken lines were compared. Opsonophagocytic potential may be included in assay panels for general immune competence of poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Naghizadeh
- a Department of Poultry Science , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran.,b Department of Animal Science , Aarhus University , Tjele , Denmark
| | - Eva Wattrang
- c Department of Microbiology , National Veterinary Institute , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Rikke B Kjærup
- b Department of Animal Science , Aarhus University , Tjele , Denmark
| | - Maja Bakke
- b Department of Animal Science , Aarhus University , Tjele , Denmark
| | - Sandra Shih
- b Department of Animal Science , Aarhus University , Tjele , Denmark
| | - Tina S Dalgaard
- b Department of Animal Science , Aarhus University , Tjele , Denmark
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9
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Fraser RS, Lumsden JS, Lillie BN. Identification of polymorphisms in the bovine collagenous lectins and their association with infectious diseases in cattle. Immunogenetics 2018; 70:533-546. [PMID: 29744529 PMCID: PMC6061482 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-018-1061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are a significant issue in animal production systems, including both the dairy and beef cattle industries. Understanding and defining the genetics of infectious disease susceptibility in cattle is an important step in the mitigation of their impact. Collagenous lectins are soluble pattern recognition receptors that form an important part of the innate immune system, which serves as the first line of host defense against pathogens. Polymorphisms in the collagenous lectin genes have been shown in previous studies to contribute to infectious disease susceptibility, and in cattle, mutations in two collagenous lectin genes (MBL1 and MBL2) are associated with mastitis. To further characterize the contribution of variation in the bovine collagenous lectins to infectious disease susceptibility, we used a pooled NGS approach to identify short nucleotide variants (SNVs) in the collagenous lectins (and regulatory DNA) of cattle with (n = 80) and without (n = 40) infectious disease. Allele frequency analysis identified 74 variants that were significantly (p < 5 × 10−6) associated with infectious disease, the majority of which were clustered in a 29-kb segment upstream of the collectin locus on chromosome 28. In silico analysis of the functional effects of all the variants predicted 11 SNVs with a deleterious effect on protein structure and/or function, 148 SNVs that occurred within potential transcription factor binding sites, and 31 SNVs occurring within potential miRNA binding elements. This study provides a detailed look at the genetic variation of the bovine collagenous lectins and identifies potential genetic markers for infectious disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Fraser
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - J S Lumsden
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.,St. George's University, True Blue, Grenada
| | - B N Lillie
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
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10
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Zhang W, Bouwman KM, van Beurden SJ, Ordonez SR, van Eijk M, Haagsman HP, Verheije MH, Veldhuizen EJA. Chicken mannose binding lectin has antiviral activity towards infectious bronchitis virus. Virology 2017; 509:252-259. [PMID: 28686880 PMCID: PMC7111670 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mannose binding lectin (MBL) is a collagenous C-type lectin, which plays an important role in innate immunity. It can bind to carbohydrates on the surface of a wide range of pathogens, including viruses. Here we studied the antiviral effect of recombinant chicken (rc)MBL against Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV), a highly contagious coronavirus of chicken. rcMBL inhibited in a dose-dependent manner the infection of BHK-21 cells by IBV-Beaudette, as detected by immunofluorescence staining of viral proteins and qPCR. ELISA and negative staining electron microscopy showed that rcMBL bound directly to IBV, resulting in the aggregation of viral particles. Furthermore, we demonstrated that MBL bound specifically to the spike S1 protein of IBV which mediates viral attachment. This subsequently blocked the attachment of S1 to IBV-susceptible cells in chicken tracheal tissues as shown in protein histochemistry. Taken together, rcMBL exhibits antiviral activity against IBV, based on a direct interaction with IBV virions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Zhang
- Division of Molecular Host Defense, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Kim M Bouwman
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Steven J van Beurden
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Soledad R Ordonez
- Division of Molecular Host Defense, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Martin van Eijk
- Division of Molecular Host Defense, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Henk P Haagsman
- Division of Molecular Host Defense, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - M Hélène Verheije
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin J A Veldhuizen
- Division of Molecular Host Defense, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
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11
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Kjærup RB, Juul-Madsen HR, Norup LR, Sørensen P, Dalgaard TS. Comparison of growth performance and immune parameters of three commercial chicken lines used in organic production. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2017; 187:69-79. [PMID: 28494932 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the higher demands for avoiding medication and antibiotics, health status of the production animals plays an important role in the poultry industry, especially in organic poultry systems. Immunity plays a major role in keeping the host free from disease, and it is evident that the host's genetic make-up influences immunity and disease resistance/susceptibility in chickens. Previously, breeding strategies aimed at selection for resistance against specific diseases with the risk of creating less disease resistance against other pathogens. Changing breeding strategies towards selection of chickens with a more general and broad disease resistance or robustness may therefore improve the overall health status, animal welfare, and food security in the poultry production. The aim of this study was therefore to compare the immunocompetence of the presumed "robust" Hellevad chickens with two chicken lines widely used in organic production, Bovans Brown (Bovans) and Hisex White (Hisex). The chickens were subjected to a routine vaccination program comprising one parasite and four viral vaccines. The current study indicates that considerable differences in immunocompetence may exist between commercial layer lines used in organic production. The Hellevad chickens were found to have higher body weight at the end of the experiment (17 weeks of age) than the other two lines. Furthermore, Hellevad and Hisex chickens were found to have higher levels of humoral innate immunity with regard to sample to positive ratio of natural antibodies in serum and concentration of mannose-binding lectin in serum as compared to Bovans. Moreover, indications of an inflammatory response were observed in the Bovans at week 5, corresponding to 1 week after vaccination with live infectious bursal disease virus. With regard to adaptive immune parameters such as IgY concentration in blood and infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV)-specific antibody titres, the Hellevad and Hisex chickens had lower levels than the Bovans. How the differences observed in growth and immune parameters in the three chicken lines influence the immune protection against infection needs to be studied further.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Kjærup
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark.
| | - H R Juul-Madsen
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - L R Norup
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - P Sørensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - T S Dalgaard
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
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12
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Yu K, Deng S, Wang H, Zhang Y, Chen X, Wang K, Hu R, Lian Z, Li N. Small interfering RNA expression inhibits avian infectious bronchitis virus replication and inflammatory response. Antivir Ther 2016; 21:469-479. [PMID: 26835751 DOI: 10.3851/imp3027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a major cause of poor weight gain and mortality among chicks. METHODS A lentivirus vector was used to generate transgenic chickens expressing small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the M protein of IBV. Offspring of generation 0 (G0) were screened to identify G1 transgenic chickens (Tg). Monocytes from G1 Tg were stimulated with IBV in vitro. RESULTS Monocytes producing siRNA efficiently inhibit IBV replication. Expression of inflammatory cytokines, Mx protein and nitric oxide levels were lower in early IBV infection in Tg. In vivo experiments show that siRNA expression inhibits IBV replication, significantly decreases mortality and increases weight gain. Inflammatory responses and oxidative damage were significantly decreased, yielding minimal tissue injury. The inflammatory responses indicate that the cellular immune response is most effective during the initial stage, while the humoral immune response is more significant in later stages of infection. CONCLUSIONS Small interfering RNA expression inhibits avian IBV replication and inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shoulong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hai Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuehui Chen
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kejun Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengxing Lian
- National Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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13
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Hamzić E, Kjærup RB, Mach N, Minozzi G, Strozzi F, Gualdi V, Williams JL, Chen J, Wattrang E, Buitenhuis B, Juul-Madsen HR, Dalgaard TS. RNA sequencing-based analysis of the spleen transcriptome following infectious bronchitis virus infection of chickens selected for different mannose-binding lectin serum concentrations. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:82. [PMID: 26819139 PMCID: PMC4729133 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2403-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Avian infectious bronchitis is a highly contagious disease of the upper-respiratory tract caused by infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the interaction between innate and adaptive immune responses to IBV infection is a crucial element for further improvements in strategies to control IB. To this end, two chicken lines, selected for high (L10H line) and low (L10L line) serum concentration of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) were studied. In total, 32 birds from each line were used. Sixteen birds from each line were infected with IBV and sixteen were left uninfected. Eight uninfected and infected birds from each line were euthanized at 1 and 3 weeks post infection. RNA sequencing was performed on spleen samples from all 64 birds and differential gene expression analysis was performed for four comparisons: L10L line versus L10H line for uninfected birds at weeks 1 and 3, respectively, and in the same way for infected birds. Functional analysis was performed using Gene Ontology (GO) Immune System Process terms specific for Gallus gallus. RESULTS Comparing uninfected L10H and L10L birds, we identified 1698 and 1424 differentially expressed (DE) genes at weeks 1 and 3, respectively. For the IBV-infected birds, 1934 and 866 DE genes were identified between the two lines at weeks 1 and 3, respectively. The two most enriched GO terms emerging from the comparison of uninfected birds between the two lines were "Lymphocyte activation involved in immune response" and "Somatic recombination of immunoglobulin genes involved in immune response" at weeks 1 and 3, respectively. When comparing IBV-infected birds between the two lines, the most enriched GO terms were "Alpha-beta T cell activation" and "Positive regulation of leukocyte activation" at weeks 1 and 3, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Healthy birds from the two lines showed significant differences in expression profiles for subsets of adaptive and innate immunity-related genes, whereas comparison of the IBV-infected birds from the two lines showed differences in expression of immunity-related genes involved in T cell activation and proliferation. The observed transcriptome differences between the two lines indicate that selection for MBL had influenced innate as well as adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edin Hamzić
- UMR1313 Animal Genetics and Integrative Biology Unit, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 16 rue Claude Bernard, 75005, Paris, France.
- UMR1313 Animal Genetics and Integrative Biology Unit, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, 8830, Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Rikke Brødsgaard Kjærup
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, 8830, Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Núria Mach
- UMR1313 Animal Genetics and Integrative Biology Unit, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | - Guilietta Minozzi
- Parco Tecnologico Padano, Via Einstein, 26900, Lodi, Italy.
- University of Milan, DIVET, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | - John L Williams
- Parco Tecnologico Padano, Via Einstein, 26900, Lodi, Italy.
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA, 5371, Roseworthy, Australia.
| | - Jun Chen
- Cobb-Vantress Inc, US-412 Road, Siloam Springs, AR, 72761, USA.
| | - Eva Wattrang
- National Veterinary Institute, Ulls väg 2B, 751 89, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Bart Buitenhuis
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, 8830, Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Helle Risdahl Juul-Madsen
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, 8830, Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Tina Sørensen Dalgaard
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, 8830, Tjele, Denmark.
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14
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Chhabra R, Chantrey J, Ganapathy K. Immune Responses to Virulent and Vaccine Strains of Infectious Bronchitis Viruses in Chickens. Viral Immunol 2015; 28:478-88. [PMID: 26301315 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2015.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious bronchitis (IB) is an acute and highly contagious chicken viral disease, causing severe economic losses to poultry producers worldwide. In the last few decades, infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) has been extensively studied, but knowledge of immune responses to virulent or vaccine strains of IBVs remains limited. This review focuses on fundamental aspects of immune responses against IBV, including the role of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in identification of conserved viral structures and the role of different components of innate immunity (e.g., heterophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, acute phase protein, and cytokines). Studies on adaptive immune activation and the role of humoral and cellular immunity in IBV clearance are also reviewed. Multiple interlinking immune responses are essential for protection against virulent IBVs, including passive, innate, adaptive, and effector T cells active at mucosal surfaces. Although the development of approaches for chicken transcriptome and proteome analyses have greatly helped the understanding of the underlying genetic mechanisms for immunity, there are still major knowledge gaps, such as the role of mucosal and cellular responses to IBVs. In view of recent reports of emergent IBV variants in many countries, there is renewed interest in a more complete understanding of poultry immune responses to both virulent and vaccine strains of IBVs. This will be critical for developing new vaccine or vaccination strategies and other intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Chhabra
- 1 University of Liverpool, Institute of Infection and Global Health , School of Veterinary Science, Neston, United Kingdom .,2 College Central Laboratory, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences (LUVAS) , Hisar, India
| | - Julian Chantrey
- 1 University of Liverpool, Institute of Infection and Global Health , School of Veterinary Science, Neston, United Kingdom
| | - Kannan Ganapathy
- 1 University of Liverpool, Institute of Infection and Global Health , School of Veterinary Science, Neston, United Kingdom
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15
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Hamzić E, Pinard-van der Laan MH, Bed’Hom B, Juul-Madsen HR. Annotation and genetic diversity of the chicken collagenous lectins. Mol Immunol 2015; 65:277-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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16
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Wattrang E, Dalgaard TS, Norup LR, Kjærup RB, Lundén A, Juul-Madsen HR. CD107a as a marker of activation in chicken cytotoxic T cells. J Immunol Methods 2015; 419:35-47. [PMID: 25743852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate cell surface mobilisation of CD107a as a general activation marker on chicken cytotoxic T cells (CTL). Experiments comprised establishment of an in vitro model for activation-induced CD107a mobilisation and design of a marker panel for the detection of CD107a mobilisation on chicken CTL isolated from different tissues. Moreover, CD107a mobilisation was analysed on CTL isolated from airways of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV)-infected birds direct ex vivo and upon in vitro stimulation. Results showed that phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) in combination with ionomycin was a consistent inducer of CD107a cell surface mobilisation on chicken CTL in a 4h cell culture model. In chickens experimentally infected with IBV, higher frequencies of CTL isolated from respiratory tissues were positive for CD107a on the cell surface compared to those from uninfected control chickens indicating in vivo activation. Moreover, upon in vitro PMA+ ionomycin stimulation, higher proportions of CTL isolated from the airways of IBV-infected chickens showed CD107a mobilisation compared to those from uninfected control chickens. Monitoring of CD107a cell surface mobilisation may thus be a useful tool for studies of chicken CTL cytolytic potential both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Wattrang
- National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala SE-75189, Sweden.
| | - Tina S Dalgaard
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Liselotte R Norup
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Rikke B Kjærup
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Anna Lundén
- National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala SE-75189, Sweden.
| | - Helle R Juul-Madsen
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark.
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17
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Kjærup RM, Dalgaard TS, Norup LR, Hamzic E, Sørensen P, Juul-Madsen HR. Characterization of cellular and humoral immune responses after IBV infection in chicken lines differing in MBL serum concentration. Viral Immunol 2014; 27:529-42. [PMID: 25343382 PMCID: PMC4259184 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2014.0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chickens from two inbred lines selected for high (L10H) or low (L10L) mannose-binding lectin (MBL) serum concentrations were infected with infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), and innate as well as adaptive immunological parameters were measured throughout the experimental period. Chickens with high MBL serum concentrations were found to have less viral load in the trachea than chickens with low MBL serum concentrations indicating that these chickens were less severely affected by the infection. This study is the first to show that MBL expression is present in the lungs of healthy chickens and that the expression is upregulated at days 3 postinfection (p.i.) in L10H chickens. Furthermore, in the liver of infected chickens, the MBL expression was upregulated at day 7 p.i., despite the fact that the MBL serum concentrations were decreased below baseline at that time point. The number of TCRγδ+CD8α+ cells in the blood of noninfected chickens increased from week 0 to 3 p.i. However, the number of cells was higher in L10H chickens than in L10L chickens throughout the experiment. No increase was observed in the number of TCRγδ+CD8α+ cells in the blood of the infected L10H and L10L chickens. The numbers of B cells at week 3 p.i. were higher for noninfected L10L chickens than for the other chickens. No differences were observed between the infected and noninfected L10H chickens or between the infected L10H and L10L chickens. Furthermore, at week 3 p.i., the number of monocytes was higher in infected and noninfected L10H chickens than in the infected and noninfected L10L chickens. Thus, these results indicate that MBL is produced locally and may be involved in the regulation of the cellular immune response after an IBV infection. However, MBL did not appear to influence the humoral immune response after IBV infection in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Edin Hamzic
- AgroParisTech, UMR1313 Génétique Animale et Biologie Integrative, Paris, France
- INRA, UMR1313 Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Poul Sørensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
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18
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Osthoff M, Irungu E, Ngure K, Mugo N, Thomas KK, Baeten JM, Eisen DP. Mannose-binding lectin and ficolin-2 do not influence humoral immune response to hepatitis B vaccine. Vaccine 2014; 32:4772-7. [PMID: 25024112 PMCID: PMC4374143 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Host genetics appear to be an important factor in the failure to generate a protective immune response after hepatitis B (HBV) vaccination. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and ficolin-2 (FCN2), two pattern recognition receptors of the lectin pathway of complement, influence the clinical outcome of HBV, and MBL deficiency has been shown to augment the humoral response to HBV vaccination in several experimental models. Here, we investigated the association of MBL and FCN2 with the humoral response to HBV vaccination in a candidate gene and functional study. PATIENTS AND METHODS A post hoc analysis of a prospective, interventional HBV vaccination study among human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) uninfected individuals in Kenya was conducted. Serum levels and polymorphisms of MBL and FCN2 were analysed in relation to the immune response to HBV vaccination. RESULTS Protective hepatitis B surface antibody levels (≥ 10 mI U/mL) were evident in 251/293 (85.7%) individuals. Median MBL and FCN2 levels were similar in responders vs. non-responders with a weak trend towards lower median MBL levels in non-responders (1.0 vs. 1.6μg/mL, p=0.1). Similarly, there was no difference in four MBL and six FCN2 polymorphisms analysed in the two groups with the exception of an increased frequency of a homozygous MBL codon 57 mutation in non-responders (4 (9.5%) vs. 8 (3.2%), p=0.05) corresponding to lower MBL levels. Results were similar after adjusting for age and sex. CONCLUSIONS Our study does not support a prominent role of the lectin pathway of complement in general and MBL and FCN2 in particular in the humoral immune response to HBV vaccination in African adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Osthoff
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Kenneth Ngure
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nelly Mugo
- Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Jared M Baeten
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Damon P Eisen
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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19
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Gröndahl-Yli-Hannuksela K, Vuononvirta J, Peltola V, Mertsola J, He Q. Lack of association between mannose binding lectin and antibody responses after acellular pertussis vaccinations. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88919. [PMID: 24558451 PMCID: PMC3928324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is one of the key molecules in innate immunity and its role in human vaccine responses is poorly known. This study aimed to investigate the possible association of MBL polymorphisms with antibody production after primary and booster vaccinations with acellular pertussis vaccines in infants and adolescents. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Five hundred and sixty eight subjects were included in this study. In the adolescent cohort 355 subjects received a dose of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis (dTpa) vaccine ten years previously. Follow-up was performed at 3, 5 and 10 years. Infant cohort consisted of 213 subjects, who had received three primary doses of DTaP vaccine at 3, 5, and 12 months of age according to Finnish immunization program. Blood samples were collected before the vaccinations at 2,5 months of age and after the vaccinations at 13 months and 2 years of age. Concentrations of IgG antibodies to pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin, and pertactin and antibodies to diphtheria and tetanus toxoids were measured by standardized enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of MBL2 gene exon1 (codons 52, 54, 57) were examined. MBL serum concentration was also measured from the adolescent cohort. No association was found with MBL2 exon 1 polymorphisms and antibody responses against vaccine antigens, after primary and booster dTpa vaccination. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that MBL polymorphisms do not affect the production and persistence of antibodies after acellular pertussis vaccination. Our finding also suggests that MBL might not be involved in modulating antibody responses to the vaccines made of purified bacterial proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi Gröndahl-Yli-Hannuksela
- Department of Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Turku, Finland
| | - Juho Vuononvirta
- Department of Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Turku, Finland
| | - Ville Peltola
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jussi Mertsola
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Qiushui He
- Department of Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Turku, Finland
- * E-mail:
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20
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Bergman IM, Edman K, van As P, Huisman A, Juul-Madsen HR. A two-nucleotide deletion renders the mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2) gene nonfunctional in Danish Landrace and Duroc pigs. Immunogenetics 2014; 66:171-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00251-014-0758-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Adjuvant effects of mannose-binding lectin ligands on the immune response to infectious bronchitis vaccine in chickens with high or low serum mannose-binding lectin concentrations. Immunobiology 2013; 219:263-74. [PMID: 24305086 PMCID: PMC7114666 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2013.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) plays a major role in the immune response as a soluble pattern-recognition receptor. MBL deficiency and susceptibility to different types of infections have been subject to extensive studies over the last decades. In humans and chickens, several studies have shown that MBL participates in the protection of hosts against virus infections. Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a highly contagious disease of economic importance in the poultry industry caused by the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). MBL has earlier been described to play a potential role in the pathogenesis of IBV infection and the production of IBV-specific antibodies, which may be exploited in optimising IBV vaccine strategies. The present study shows that MBL has the capability to bind to IBV in vitro. Chickens from two inbred lines (L10H and L10L) selected for high or low MBL serum concentrations, respectively, were vaccinated against IBV with or without the addition of the MBL ligands mannan, chitosan and fructooligosaccharide (FOS). The addition of MBL ligands to the IBV vaccine, especially FOS, enhanced the production of IBV-specific IgG antibody production in L10H chickens, but not L10L chickens after the second vaccination. The addition of FOS to the vaccine also increased the number of circulating CD4+ cells in L10H chickens compared to L10L chickens. The L10H chickens as well as the L10L chickens also showed an increased number of CD4-CD8α-γδ T-cells when an MBL ligand was added to the vaccine, most pronouncedly after the first vaccination. As MBL ligands co-administered with IBV vaccine induced differences between the two chicken lines, these results indirectly suggest that MBL is involved in the immune response to IBV vaccination. Furthermore, the higher antibody response in L10H chickens receiving vaccine and FOS makes FOS a potential adjuvant candidate in an IBV vaccine.
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22
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Bergman IM, Sandholm K, Ekdahl KN, Okumura N, Uenishi H, Guldbrandtsen B, Essler SE, Knoll A, Heegaard PMH, Edfors I, Juul-Madsen HR. MBL1 genotypes in wild boar populations from Sweden, Austria, the Czech Republic, and Japan. Int J Immunogenet 2012; 40:131-9. [PMID: 22672630 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2012.01132.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) G949T in the mannose-binding lectin ( MBL ) 1 gene has been associated with low MBL-A concentration in serum and detected at different frequencies in various European pig populations. However, the origin of this SNP is not known. Part of the MBL1 gene was sequenced in 12 wild boar/Large White crossbred pigs from the second backcross (BC 2 ) generation in a family material originating from two wild boar x Large White intercrosses. Also, MBL-A serum concentration was measured in the entire BC 2 generation (n = 45). Furthermore, the genotypes of 68 wild boars from Sweden, Austria, the Czech Republic, and Japan were determined in regard to five previously described SNPs in MBL1 . The T allele of G949T was present among the BC 2 animals. MBL-A serum concentration in the BC 2 animals showed a bimodal distribution, with one-third of the animals at levels between 0.7 and 1.6 μg mL(-1) and the remaining pigs at levels around 13 μg mL(-1) . There was a co-variation between the presence of the T allele and low MBL-A concentration in serum. The genotyping of the wild boars revealed differences between populations. The T allele of G949T was not detected in the Austrian and Japanese samples and is thus unlikely to be an original feature of wild boars. In contrast, it was present at high frequency (0.35) among the Swedish wild boars, probably representing a founder effect. Five MBL1 haplotypes were resolved. Only two of these were present among the Japanese wild boars compared to four in each of the European populations. This difference may reflect differences in selection pressure and population history.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-M Bergman
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark.
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