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Xu Z, Ma X, Wang X, Zhang R, Zhang T, Ma M, Shi F, Chen C. Rapid and sensitive visual detection of avian leukosis virus by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification combined with a lateral flow immunochromatographic strip assay. Arch Virol 2024; 169:94. [PMID: 38594417 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-024-05977-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Considering that avian leukosis virus (ALV) infection has inflicted massive economic losses on the poultry breeding industry in most countries, its early diagnosis remains an important measure for timely treatment and control of the disease, for which a rapid and sensitive point-of-care test is required. We established a user-friendly, economical, and rapid visualization method for ALV amplification products based on reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) combined with an immunochromatographic strip in a lateral flow device (LFD). Using the ALVp27 gene as the target, five RT-LAMP primers and one fluorescein-isothiocyanate-labeled probe were designed. After 60 min of RT-LAMP amplification at 64 °C, the products could be visualized directly using the LFD. The detection limit of this assay for ALV detection was 102 RNA copies/μL, and the sensitivity was 100 times that of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), showing high specificity and sensitivity. To verify the clinical practicality of this assay for detecting ALV, the gold standard RT-PCR method was used for comparison, and consistent results were obtained with both assays. Thus, the assay described here can be used for rapid detection of ALV in resource-limited environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Xu
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Xuejing Wang
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Renyin Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Tieying Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Mingze Ma
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Feng Shi
- College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China.
| | - Chuangfu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China.
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Cooperative effects of immune enhancer TPPPS and different adjuvants on antibody responses induced by recombinant ALV-J gp85 subunit vaccines in SPF chickens. Vaccine 2017; 35:1594-1598. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Feng M, Zhang X. Immunity to Avian Leukosis Virus: Where Are We Now and What Should We Do? Front Immunol 2016; 7:624. [PMID: 28066434 PMCID: PMC5174080 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian leukosis virus (ALV) is an avian oncogenic retrovirus causing enormous economic losses in the global poultry industry. Although ALV-related research has lasted for more than a century, there are no vaccines to protect chickens from ALV infection. The interaction between chickens and ALV remains not fully understood especially with regard to the host immunity. The current review provides an overview of our current knowledge of innate and adaptive immunity induced by ALV infection. More importantly, we have pointed out the unknown area involved in ALV-related studies, which is worthy of our serious exploring in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Feng
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiquan Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
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Peng H, Qin L, Bi Y, Wang P, Zou G, Li J, Yang Y, Zhong X, Wei P. Rapid detection of the common avian leukosis virus subgroups by real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Virol J 2015; 12:195. [PMID: 26596553 PMCID: PMC4657318 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0430-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Subgroups A, B, E and J are the major subgroups of avian leukosis virus (ALV) infecting chickens. ALV infection has become endemic in China and has a significant negative effect on the poultry industry. Consequently, there is an urgent need for a specific, sensitive and rapid method for diagnosis and eradication of ALV. Therefore, we developed a simple and rapid real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) reaction for the timely detection of the common ALV subgroups, whereby the amplification can be obtained in 35 min under isothermal conditions at 63 °C, ability to specific, sensitive and rapid detect all the common ALV subgroups. Methods A set of four specific primers was designed to target the sequences of the pol gene of ALV, and the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay were developed and compared with PCR and virus isolation methods. Results The results from specificity of the LAMP assay showed that only target ALVs DNA was amplified. The LAMP assay demonstrated a sensitivity of 20 copies/reaction of ALV DNA, which was 10 times higher than the conventional PCR measurement. To further evaluate the reliability of the method, the assay was evaluated with ALV DNA from a panel of 81 clinical samples suspected of ALV infection. The results verify that the LAMP method was more sensitive than the conventional PCR and virus isolation method. Conclusion In conclusion, the developed LAMP assay was a simple, inexpensive, sensitive method for the rapid detection of the most common subgroups of ALV, and it provided a useful and practical tool in the eradication program for ALV in the poultry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Peng
- Institute for Poultry Science and Health, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China. .,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccines and Diagnostics, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, 51 Youai Bei Road, Nanning, 530001, China.
| | - Lili Qin
- Institute for Poultry Science and Health, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Yuyu Bi
- Institute for Poultry Science and Health, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Peikun Wang
- Institute for Poultry Science and Health, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Guangzhen Zou
- Institute for Poultry Science and Health, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccines and Diagnostics, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, 51 Youai Bei Road, Nanning, 530001, China.
| | - Yongli Yang
- Institute for Poultry Science and Health, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Xingfu Zhong
- Institute for Poultry Science and Health, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Ping Wei
- Institute for Poultry Science and Health, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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Zhang D, Li H, Zhang Z, Sun S, Cheng Z, Liu J, Zhao P, Ren Q, Guo H. Antibody responses induced by recombinant ALV-A gp85 protein vaccine combining with CpG-ODN adjuvant in breeder hens and the protection for their offspring against early infection. Antiviral Res 2015; 116:20-6. [PMID: 25637708 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
To observe the antibody responses induced by recombinant A subgroup avian leukosis virus (ALV-A) gp85 protein vaccine plus CpG-ODN adjuvant and the protection of maternal antibodies (MAbs) for the hatched chickens against early infection, the gp85 gene was amplified from the proviral cDNA of ALV-A-SDAU09C1 strain using PCR and the recombinant plasmid containing target gene was constructed and expressed in EscherichiaColi. The expressed product was confirmed using SDS-PAGE and western blot that it is about 46KD of recombinant protein. The purified recombinant proteins combining with CpG-ODN adjuvant or Freund's adjuvant were inoculated into the breeder hens, the ALV-A antibodies in serum and in egg-yolk were detected; the fertilized eggs from the vaccinated hens with different titers of egg-yolk antibody were hatched and then challenged with 10(4.2)/0.1mL TCID50 of ALV-A-SDAU09C1 strain, all the hatched chickens were weekly detected for the viremias and the cloacal swab P27 antigen and pathological lesions; the neutralizing test of antisera in vitro was conducted. The results showed that the recombinant gp85 proteins combining with CpG-ODN adjuvant could induce the breeder hens to produce better antibody responses than gp85 protein with Freund's adjuvant or without adjuvant; the MAbs with higher titers induced by CpG-ODN+gp85 proteins could obviously decrease the ratios of viremias (13% vs 33%), cloacal detoxification (20% vs 67%) and death (0% vs 22%) caused by ALV-A infection than those by gp85 protein without adjuvant. The results of the neutralizing test indicated that the antisera from the hatched chickens could neutralize the ALV-A-SDAU09C1 strain in vitro, but which depends on the antibody titers. The results of IFA confirmed that the serum antibody could combine with the ALV in DF1 cells. It can be concluded that the prepared ALV-A gp85 subunit vaccine combining with CpG-ODN adjuvant could induce the breeder hens to produce better neutralizing antibody responses and protect 80% of their offspring chickens against early infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering Shandong Province, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering Shandong Province, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Zhongsheng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering Shandong Province, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Shuhong Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering Shandong Province, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Ziqiang Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering Shandong Province, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Jianzhu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering Shandong Province, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering Shandong Province, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Qingya Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering Shandong Province, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Huijun Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering Shandong Province, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
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Elamurugan A, Karthik K, Badasara SK, Hajam IA, Saravanan M. Novel insights into identification of shedders and transmitters of avian leukosis virus. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(15)60889-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Niewiesk S. Maternal antibodies: clinical significance, mechanism of interference with immune responses, and possible vaccination strategies. Front Immunol 2014; 5:446. [PMID: 25278941 PMCID: PMC4165321 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neonates have an immature immune system, which cannot adequately protect against infectious diseases. Early in life, immune protection is accomplished by maternal antibodies transferred from mother to offspring. However, decaying maternal antibodies inhibit vaccination as is exemplified by the inhibition of seroconversion after measles vaccination. This phenomenon has been described in both human and veterinary medicine and is independent of the type of vaccine being used. This review will discuss the use of animal models for vaccine research. I will review clinical solutions for inhibition of vaccination by maternal antibodies, and the testing and development of potentially effective vaccines. These are based on new mechanistic insight about the inhibitory mechanism of maternal antibodies. Maternal antibodies inhibit the generation of antibodies whereas the T cell response is usually unaffected. B cell inhibition is mediated through a cross-link between B cell receptor (BCR) with the Fcγ-receptor IIB by a vaccine-antibody complex. In animal experiments, this inhibition can be partially overcome by injection of a vaccine-specific monoclonal IgM antibody. IgM stimulates the B cell directly through cross-linking the BCR via complement protein C3d and antigen to the complement receptor 2 (CR2) signaling complex. In addition, it was shown that interferon alpha binds to the CD21 chain of CR2 as well as the interferon receptor and that this dual receptor usage drives B cell responses in the presence of maternal antibodies. In lieu of immunizing the infant, the concept of maternal immunization as a strategy to protect neonates has been proposed. This approach would still not solve the question of how to immunize in the presence of maternal antibodies but would defer the time of infection to an age where infection might not have such a detrimental outcome as in neonates. I will review successful examples and potential challenges of implementing this concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Niewiesk
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH , USA
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Zhao P, Dong X, Cui Z. Isolation, identification, and gp85 characterization of a subgroup A avian leukosis virus from a contaminated live Newcastle Disease virus vaccine, first report in China. Poult Sci 2014; 93:2168-74. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2014-03963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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