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Rangel-López L, Zaragoza-Bastida A, Valladares-Carranza B, Peláez-Acero A, Sosa-Gutiérrez CG, Hetta HF, Batiha GES, Alqahtani A, Rivero-Perez N. In Vitro Antibacterial Potential of Salix babylonica Extract against Bacteria that Affect Oncorhynchus mykiss and Oreochromis spp. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10081340. [PMID: 32756380 PMCID: PMC7459502 DOI: 10.3390/ani10081340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture development is limited by bacteria associated with several diseases; antibiotics are used for the treatment of these affections, but bacteria have developed resistance to these drugs. It is important to develop effective treatments that allow the production of antibiotic-free food. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial effects of Salix babylonica hydro-alcoholic extract (SbHE) against Aeromonas hydrophila, Listonella anguillarum, Edwarsiella tarda, and Streptococcus iniae, bacteria that affect Oncorhynchus mykiss and Oreochromis spp. production. SbHE was obtained through the maceration technique. Reference strains were used and their sensitivity to antibiotics was determined. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of SbHE were determined. Results showed that three of four evaluated bacteria were multidrug resistant, except S. iniae. SbHE showed antibacterial activity against all bacteria. Results indicate an MIC of 1.56 to 25 mg/mL and an MBC of 3.12 to 100 mg/mL. The greatest inhibitory activity occurred against L. anguillarum obtaining a MIC of 1.56 mg/mL and an MBC of 3.12 mg/mL. Results indicate that SbHE has bactericidal activity against A. hydrophila, L.anguilalurm, and S. iniae as well as bacteriostatic activity against E. tarda and could be an alternative treatment against these bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenin Rangel-López
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Área Académica de Medicina Veterinariay Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo, Hidalgo 43600, Mexico; (L.R.-L.); (A.P.-A.); (C.G.S.-G.)
- División Académica en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, carretera Villahermosa-Teapa Kilómetro 25+2 Rancheria la Huasteca 2da sección, Villahermosa 86298, Mexico
| | - Adrian Zaragoza-Bastida
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Área Académica de Medicina Veterinariay Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo, Hidalgo 43600, Mexico; (L.R.-L.); (A.P.-A.); (C.G.S.-G.)
- Correspondence: (A.Z.-B.); (N.R.-P.)
| | - Benjamín Valladares-Carranza
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, El Cerrillo Piedras Blancas, Toluca 50295, Mexico;
| | - Armando Peláez-Acero
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Área Académica de Medicina Veterinariay Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo, Hidalgo 43600, Mexico; (L.R.-L.); (A.P.-A.); (C.G.S.-G.)
| | - Carolina G. Sosa-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Área Académica de Medicina Veterinariay Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo, Hidalgo 43600, Mexico; (L.R.-L.); (A.P.-A.); (C.G.S.-G.)
| | - Helal F. Hetta
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt;
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Ali Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nallely Rivero-Perez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Área Académica de Medicina Veterinariay Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo, Hidalgo 43600, Mexico; (L.R.-L.); (A.P.-A.); (C.G.S.-G.)
- Correspondence: (A.Z.-B.); (N.R.-P.)
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Mou X, Spinard EJ, Hillman SL, Nelson DR. Isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation in Vibrio anguillarum results in virulence attenuation and immunoprotection in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). BMC Microbiol 2017; 17:217. [PMID: 29137620 PMCID: PMC5686843 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-017-1124-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vibrio anguillarum is an extracellular bacterial pathogen that is a causative agent of vibriosis in finfish and crustaceans with mortality rates ranging from 30% to 100%. Mutations in central metabolism (glycolysis and the TCA cycle) of intracellular pathogens often result in attenuated virulence due to depletion of required metabolic intermediates; however, it was not known whether mutations in central metabolism would affect virulence in an extracellular pathogen such as V. anguillarum. Results Seven central metabolism mutants were created and characterized with regard to growth in minimal and complex media, expression of virulence genes, and virulence in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Only the isocitrate dehydrogenase (icd) mutant was attenuated in virulence against rainbow trout challenged by either intraperitoneal injection or immersion. Further, the icd mutant was shown to be immunoprotective against wild type V. anguillarum infection. There was no significant decrease in the expression of the three hemolysin genes detected by qRT-PCR. Additionally, only the icd mutant exhibited a significantly decreased growth yield in complex media. Growth yield was directly related to the abundance of glutamate. A strain with a restored wild type icd gene was created and shown to restore growth to a wild type cell density in complex media and pathogenicity in rainbow trout. Conclusions The data strongly suggest that a decreased growth yield, resulting from the inability to synthesize α-ketoglutarate, caused the attenuation despite normal levels of expression of virulence genes. Therefore, the ability of an extracellular pathogen to cause disease is dependent upon the availability of host-supplied nutrients for growth. Additionally, a live vaccine strain could be created from an icd deletion strain. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12866-017-1124-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Mou
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA.,Present Address: Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, 65 Landsdowne St, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Edward J Spinard
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Shelby L Hillman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - David R Nelson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA.
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Ma Y, Wang Q, Xu W, Liu X, Gao X, Zhang Y. Stationary phase-dependent accumulation of ectoine is an efficient adaptation strategy in Vibrio anguillarum against cold stress. Microbiol Res 2017; 205:8-18. [PMID: 28942848 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The capability of cold-adaptation is a prerequisite of microorganisms that survive in an environment with frequent fluctuations in temperature. As a global causative agent of vibriosis in marine fish farming, Vibrio anguillarum can efficiently grow and proliferate under cold-stress conditions, which is 15°C lower than the optimal growth temperatures (25-30°C). Our data showed that V. anguillarum was able to synthesize ectoine de novo and that ectoine was essential for its growth under cold stress. Using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mutants lacking ectABC and proVWX (ectoine synthesis and transporter system genes, respectively), we confirmed that accumulation of this compatible solute occurs strictly at low temperatures and that the expression of ectA and proV is highly activated in the stationary growth phase. However, the synthesis of ectoine was repressed by exogenous choline (precursor of glycine betaine), suggesting that ectoine is an alternative compatible solute as a cold-stress protectant in V. anguillarum. Based on these results, we present possible scenarios of the synthesis and uptake of ectoine, which will facilitate the understanding of the molecular mechanism of V. anguillarum adaptation to cold environments and help improve freezing-dry processes for the V. anguillarum live vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qiyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Wensheng Xu
- Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiating Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuanxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, Shanghai 200237, China.
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Cai X, Wang B, Peng Y, Li Y, Lu Y, Huang Y, Jian J, Wu Z. Construction of a Streptococcus agalactiae phoB mutant and evaluation of its potential as an attenuated modified live vaccine in golden pompano, Trachinotus ovatus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 63:405-416. [PMID: 27884809 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae is a Gram-positive pathogen that can survive inside professional phagocytes and nonphagocytic cells to cause septicemia and meningoencephalitis in freshwater and marine fish. However, vaccines based on extracellular products (ECP) and formalin-killed whole S. agalactiae cells, as well as subunit vaccine are unable to protect fish from infection by variant serotypes S. agalactiae. The search for live attenuated vaccine with highly conserved and virulent-related genes is essential for producing a vaccine to help understand and control streptococcosis In this study, the phoB gene was cloned from pathogenic S. agalactiae TOS01 strain and the mutant strain SAΔphoB was constructed via allelic exchange mutagenesis. The results showed that the deduced amino acid of S. agalactiae TOS01 shares high similarities with other Streptococcus spp. and has high conserved response regulator receiver domain (REC) and DNA-binding effector domain of two-component system response regulators (Trans_reg_C). Cell adherence and invasion assays, challenge experiments and histopathological changes post-vaccination were performed and observed, the results showed that the mutant strain SAΔphoB has a lower adherence and invasion rate and less virulent than the wild type strain in golden pompano, and it doesn't induce clinical symptoms and obvious pathological changes in golden pompano, thereby indicating that the deletion of phoB affects the virulence and infectious capacity of S. agalactiae. Golden pompano vaccinated via intraperitoneal injection SAΔphoB had the relative percent survival value of 93.1% after challenge with TOS01, demonstrating its high potential as an effective attenuated live vaccine candidate. Real-time PCR assays showed that the SAΔphoB was able to enhance the expression of immune-related genes, including MHC-I, MyD88, IL-22 and IL-10 after vaccination, indicating that the SAΔphoB is able to induce humoral and cell-mediated immune response in golden pompano over a long period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Cai
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Yinhui Peng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Guangxi Institute of Oceanology, Beihai, 536000, China
| | - Yuan Li
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Yucong Huang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Jichang Jian
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524025, China.
| | - Zaohe Wu
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524025, China.
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Altinok I, Ozturk RC, Kahraman UC, Capkin E. Protection of rainbow trout against yersiniosis by lpxD mutant Yersinia ruckeri. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 55:21-27. [PMID: 27095175 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Yersinia ruckeri is a Gram negative bacteria causing yersiniosis in freshwater and marine fish. Lipid A, important for pathogenesis of Gram negative bacteria, biosynthesis pathway requires nine enzyme catalyzed steps. Although there are nine genes encoding lipid A biosynthesis in bacteria, biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharides relies on lpxD gene that encodes the third pathway enzyme. The roles of LpxD in Y. ruckeri virulence have not been studied. In the present study, in-frameshift deletion of lpxD gene and their role in Y. ruckeri virulence in rainbow trout were determined. For this purpose, 92% of the Y. ruckeri lpxD genes were deleted by homologous recombination. After running in SDS-PAGE and staining with silver stain, no LPS was detectable in the Y. ruckeri ΔlpxD mutant. Virulence and immunogenicity of the Y. ruckeri ΔlpxD mutant (YrΔlpxD) were determined in rainbow trout. Rainbow trout immunized with YrΔlpxD with immersion, or intraperitoneal injection method displayed superior protection (relative percentage survival ≥ 84%) after exposure to wild type Y. ruckeri. In conclusion, our results indicated that deletion of the lpxD gene causes significant attenuation of Y. ruckeri in rainbow trout, and LPS deficient YrΔlpxD could be used as a live attenuated vaccine against Y. ruckeri in rainbow trout. This vaccine can protect fish and it can be applied to fish with different methods such as immersion or injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilhan Altinok
- Department of Fisheries Technology Engineering, Faculty of Marine Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, 61530, Turkey.
| | - Rafet C Ozturk
- Department of Fisheries Technology Engineering, Faculty of Marine Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, 61530, Turkey
| | - Umit C Kahraman
- Department of Fisheries Technology Engineering, Faculty of Marine Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, 61530, Turkey
| | - Erol Capkin
- Department of Fisheries Technology Engineering, Faculty of Marine Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, 61530, Turkey
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