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Gavilán AM, Perán-Ramos P, Sanz JC, García-Comas L, Pérez-Abeledo M, Castellanos AM, Berciano JM, López-Perea N, Masa-Calles J, Echevarría JE, Fernández-García A. Investigating Local Patterns of Mumps Virus Circulation, Using a Combination of Molecular Tools. Viruses 2023; 15:2420. [PMID: 38140661 PMCID: PMC10747990 DOI: 10.3390/v15122420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mumps is a vaccine-preventable disease caused by the mumps virus (MuV). However, MuV has re-emerged in many countries with high vaccine coverage. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends molecular surveillance based on sequencing of the small hydrophobic (SH) gene. Additionally, the combined use of SH and non-coding regions (NCR) has been described in different studies, proving to be a useful complement marker to discriminate general patterns of circulation at national and international levels. The aim of this work is to test local-level usefulness of the combination of SH and MF-NCR sequencing in tracing hidden transmission clusters and chains during the last epidemic wave (2015-2020) in Spain. A database with 903 cases from the Autonomous Community of Madrid was generated by the integration of microbiological and epidemiological data. Of these, 453 representative cases were genotyped. Eight different SH variants and thirty-four SH haplotypes were detected. Local MuV circulation showed the same temporal pattern previously described at a national level. Only two of the thirteen previously identified outbreaks were caused by more than one variant/haplotype. Geographical representation of SH variants allowed the identification of several previously undetected clusters, which were analysed phylogenetically by the combination of SH and MF-NCR, in a total of 90 cases. MF-NCR was not able to improve the discrimination of geographical clusters based on SH sequencing, showing limited resolution for outbreak investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Gavilán
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.G.); (J.M.B.)
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.C.S.); (N.L.-P.); (J.M.-C.)
| | - Paula Perán-Ramos
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.G.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Juan Carlos Sanz
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.C.S.); (N.L.-P.); (J.M.-C.)
- Laboratorio Regional de Salud Pública de la Comunidad de Madrid, 28055 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Luis García-Comas
- Servicio de Epidemiología, Consejería de Sanidad de la Comunidad de Madrid, 28009 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Marta Pérez-Abeledo
- Laboratorio Regional de Salud Pública de la Comunidad de Madrid, 28055 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ana M. Castellanos
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.G.); (J.M.B.)
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.C.S.); (N.L.-P.); (J.M.-C.)
| | - José M. Berciano
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.G.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Noemí López-Perea
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.C.S.); (N.L.-P.); (J.M.-C.)
- Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/IdiPAZ, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josefa Masa-Calles
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.C.S.); (N.L.-P.); (J.M.-C.)
- Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan E. Echevarría
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.G.); (J.M.B.)
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.C.S.); (N.L.-P.); (J.M.-C.)
| | - Aurora Fernández-García
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.G.); (J.M.B.)
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.C.S.); (N.L.-P.); (J.M.-C.)
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Gavilán AM, van de Nes-Reijnen L, Castellanos A, Woudenberg T, López-Perea N, Masa-Calles J, Echevarría JE, Fernández-García A, Bodewes R. Comparison of circulation patterns of mumps virus in the Netherlands and Spain (2015-2020). Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1207500. [PMID: 37396375 PMCID: PMC10311905 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1207500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mumps is a viral infection mainly characterized by inflammation of the parotid glands. Despite of vaccination programs, infections among fully vaccinated populations were reported. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends molecular surveillance of mumps based on sequencing of the small hydrophobic (SH) gene. The use of hypervariable non-coding regions (NCR) as additional molecular markers was proposed in multiple studies. Circulation of mumps virus (MuV) genotypes and variants in different European countries were described in the literature. From 2010 to 2020, mumps outbreaks caused by genotype G were described. However, this issue has not been analyzed from a wider geographical perspective. In the present study, sequence data from MuV detected in Spain and in The Netherlands during a period of 5 years (2015- March 2020) were analyzed to gain insights in the spatiotemporal spread of MuV at a larger geographical scale than in previous local studies. Methods A total of 1,121 SH and 262 NCR between the Matrix and Fusion protein genes (MF-NCR) sequences from both countries were included in this study. Analysis of SH revealed 106 different haplotypes (set of identical sequences). Results Of them, seven showing extensive circulation were considered variants. All seven were detected in both countries in coincident temporal periods. A single MF-NCR haplotype was detected in 156 sequences (59.3% of total), and was shared by five of the seven SH variants, as well as three minor MF-NCR haplotypes. All SH variants and MF-NCR haplotypes shared by both countries were detected first in Spain. Discussion Our results suggest a transmission way from south to north Europe. The higher incidence rate of mumps in Spain in spite of similar immunization coverage in both countries, could be associated with higher risk of MuV exportation. In conclusion, the present study provided novel insights into the circulation of MuV variants and haplotypes beyond the borders of single countries. In fact, the use of MF-NCR molecular tool allowed to reveal MuV transmission flows between The Netherlands and Spain. Similar studies including other (European) countries are needed to provide a broader view of the data presented in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Gavilán
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología (CNM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Linda van de Nes-Reijnen
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Ana Castellanos
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología (CNM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tom Woudenberg
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Noemí López-Perea
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josefa Masa-Calles
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan E. Echevarría
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología (CNM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurora Fernández-García
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología (CNM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rogier Bodewes
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
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Hiebert J, Saboui M, Frost JR, Zubach V, Laverty M, Severini A. Mumps resurgence in a highly vaccinated population: Insights gained from surveillance in Canada, 2002-2020. Vaccine 2023:S0264-410X(23)00513-3. [PMID: 37169652 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Although mumps vaccination has been routine in Canada for decades, mumps cases and outbreaks continue to occur periodically. Mumps surveillance, including monitoring of the mumps virus genotype associated with disease activity, is important to document baseline activity and to advance further research into vaccine effectiveness. Here we describe a detailed analysis of mumps cases that have been detected in Canada from 2002 to 2020, with a focus on the mumps molecular epidemiology. In total, 7395 cases of mumps were reported to the surveillance system, with outbreaks occurring in the years 2007, 2010 and 2016 to 2018. Adolescents and young adults aged 15 to 29 years had the highest risk of being a case (rate ratios ranging from 1.50 to 2.29), compared to adults aged 30 to 39. Genotypes of mumps viruses were determined in 3225 specimens. Genotype G was predominantly detected (96% of genotyped specimens) and was first reported in 2005. Other genotypes were more likely to be detected in cases that also reported travel (or were linked to imported cases) than the cases with genotype G detected (p < 0.0001). The genotype G viruses had little sequence diversity in the 316 nucleotide window used for genotyping (the small hydrophobic protein gene) and mainly belonged to a single phylogenetic lineage that included the MuVi/Sheffield.GBR/1.05 reference sequence. The analysis of over ten years of data has demonstrated that mumps genotype G, specifically belonging to a single lineage, the Sheffield lineage, is the endemically circulating virus in Canada. This lineage is seen also in other countries using the genotype A vaccine. Mumps remains endemic despite high MMR vaccination coverage which has been sufficient to eliminate circulation of measles and rubella in Canada, raising the hypothesis of the evolution towards a vaccine escape mumps virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Hiebert
- Viral Exanthemata and STD section, National Microbiology Laboratory Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, JC Wilt Infectious Diseases Research Centre, 745 Logan Avenue, Winnipeg R3E 3L5, Canada.
| | - Myriam Saboui
- Centre for Immunization and Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jasmine Rae Frost
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Vanessa Zubach
- Viral Exanthemata and STD section, National Microbiology Laboratory Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, JC Wilt Infectious Diseases Research Centre, 745 Logan Avenue, Winnipeg R3E 3L5, Canada
| | - Meghan Laverty
- Viral Exanthemata and STD section, National Microbiology Laboratory Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, JC Wilt Infectious Diseases Research Centre, 745 Logan Avenue, Winnipeg R3E 3L5, Canada
| | - Alberto Severini
- Viral Exanthemata and STD section, National Microbiology Laboratory Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, JC Wilt Infectious Diseases Research Centre, 745 Logan Avenue, Winnipeg R3E 3L5, Canada; Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Gavilán AM, Díez-Fuertes F, Sanz JC, Castellanos AM, López-Perea N, Jiménez SM, Ruiz-Sopeña C, Masa-Calles J, García-Comas L, de Ory F, Pérez-Olmeda M, Fernández-García A, Echevarría JE. Increase of Diversity of Mumps Virus Genotype G SH Variants Circulating Among a Highly Immunized Population: Spain, 2007-2019. J Infect Dis 2022; 227:151-160. [PMID: 35524966 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
MuV caused three epidemic waves in Spain since genotype G emerged in 2005, despite high vaccination coverage. SH gene sequencing according to WHO protocols allowed the identification of seven relevant variants and 88 haplotypes. While the originally imported MuVi/Sheffield.GBR/1.05/-variant prevailed during the first two waves, it was subsequently replaced by other variants originated by either local evolution or importation, according to the additional analysis of hypervariable NCRs. The time of emergence of the MRCA of each MuV variant clade was concordant with the data of the earliest sequence. The analysis of Shannon entropy showed an accumulation of variability on six particular positions as the cause of the increase on the number of circulating SH variants. Consequently, SH gene sequencing needs to be complemented with other more variable markers for mumps surveillance immediately after the emergence of a new genotype, but the subsequent emergence of new SH variants turns it unnecessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Gavilán
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Díez-Fuertes
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Madrid, Spain
| | - J C Sanz
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratorio Regional de Salud Pública de la Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A M Castellanos
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - N López-Perea
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - S M Jiménez
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital de Segovia, Segovia, Spain
| | - C Ruiz-Sopeña
- Servicio de Epidemiología, Consejería de Sanidad de Castilla y León, Valladolid, Spain
| | - J Masa-Calles
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - L García-Comas
- Servicio de Epidemiología, Consejería de Sanidad de la Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - F de Ory
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Pérez-Olmeda
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Fernández-García
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - J E Echevarría
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
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Jurković M, Slović A, Forčić D, Ivančić-Jelečki J, Košutić-Gulija T, Jagušić M. Influence of Ribavirin on Mumps Virus Population Diversity. Viruses 2021; 13:2535. [PMID: 34960805 PMCID: PMC8706638 DOI: 10.3390/v13122535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Frequent mumps outbreaks in vaccinated populations and the occurrence of neurological complications (e.g., aseptic meningitis or encephalitis) in patients with mumps indicate the need for the development of more efficient vaccines as well as specific antiviral therapies. RNA viruses are genetically highly heterogeneous populations that exist on the edge of an error threshold, such that additional increases in mutational burden can lead to extinction of the virus population. Deliberate modulation of their natural mutation rate is being exploited as an antiviral strategy and a possibility for rational vaccine design. The aim of this study was to examine the ability of ribavirin, a broad-spectrum antiviral agent, to introduce mutations in the mumps virus (MuV) genome and to investigate if resistance develops during long-term in vitro exposure to ribavirin. An increase in MuV population heterogeneity in the presence of ribavirin has been observed after one passage in cell culture, as well as a bias toward C-to-U and G-to-A transitions, which have previously been defined as ribavirin-related. At higher ribavirin concentration, MuV loses its infectivity during serial passaging and does not recover. At low ribavirin concentration, serial passaging leads to a more significant increase in population diversity and a stronger bias towards ribavirin-related transitions, independently of viral strain or cell culture. In these conditions, the virus retains its initial growth capacity, without development of resistance at a whole-virus population level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Maja Jagušić
- Centre for Research and Knowledge Transfer in Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Rockefellerova 10, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.J.); (A.S.); (D.F.); (J.I.-J.); (T.K.-G.)
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Aragón A, Velasco MJ, Gavilán AM, Fernández-García A, Sanz JC. Mumps virus outbreak related to a water pipe (narghile) shared smoking. ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA (ENGLISH ED.) 2021; 39:503-505. [PMID: 34531159 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study describes a mumps outbreak among a group of young people who shared a same narghile to smoking. Saliva and blood samples were obtained from 3 cases for RT-PCR and serology respectively. METHODS The notification of a mumps case started an epidemiological investigation. Information of other 6 additional symptomatic persons who had gathered with the case in a discotheque where they smoking in a same narghile was achieved. RT-PCR positive samples were genotyped by sequencing. RESULTS The 7 patients resided in 3 different municipalities, and they do not have get together for more than a month until the meeting in the discotheque. Four cases were confirmed by RT-PCR and/or IgM determinations. The genomic investigation showed identical nucleic sequences. CONCLUSIONS This outbreak is consequence of the common use of a narghile to smoking. The public usage of these water pipes should be regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Aragón
- Unidad Técnica 8 del Área de Salud Pública, Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid. Spain.
| | - Manuel José Velasco
- Unidad Técnica 8 del Área de Salud Pública, Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid. Spain
| | - Ana M Gavilán
- Laboratorio de Referencia e Investigación en Enfermedades Víricas Inmunoprevenibles, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurora Fernández-García
- Laboratorio de Referencia e Investigación en Enfermedades Víricas Inmunoprevenibles, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Sanz
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Laboratorio Regional de Salud Pública de la Comunidad de Madrid, Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Aragón A, Velasco MJ, Gavilán AM, Fernández-García A, Sanz JC. Mumps virus outbreak related to a water pipe (narghile) shared smoking. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2020; 39:S0213-005X(20)30283-4. [PMID: 33059946 PMCID: PMC7550116 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study describes a mumps outbreak among a group of young people who shared a same narghile to smoking. Saliva and blood samples were obtained from 3cases for RT-PCR and serology respectively. METHODS The notification of a mumps case started an epidemiological investigation. Information of other 6additional symptomatic persons who had gathered with the case in a discotheque where they smoking in a same narghile was achieved. RT-PCR positive samples were genotyped by sequencing. RESULTS The 7patients resided in 3different municipalities, and they do not have get together for more than a month until the meeting in the discotheque. Four cases were confirmed by RT-PCR and/or IgM determinations. The genomic investigation showed identical nucleic sequences. CONCLUSIONS This outbreak is consequence of the common use of a narghile to smoking. The public usage of these water pipes should be regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Aragón
- Unidad Técnica 8 del Área de Salud Pública, Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, España.
| | - Manuel José Velasco
- Unidad Técnica 8 del Área de Salud Pública, Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - Ana M Gavilán
- Laboratorio de Referencia e Investigación en Enfermedades Víricas Inmunoprevenibles, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - Aurora Fernández-García
- Laboratorio de Referencia e Investigación en Enfermedades Víricas Inmunoprevenibles, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - Juan Carlos Sanz
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Laboratorio Regional de Salud Pública de la Comunidad de Madrid, Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, España
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sandra Jahnke
- Servicio de Urgencias, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain
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9
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Belyaletdinova IK, Mitrofanova IV, Kozlovskaya LI, Ignatyev GM. Cases of aseptic meningitis after vaccination against mumps in Russia (2009-2019). Public Health 2020; 186:8-11. [PMID: 32736309 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mumps is a highly contagious viral infection prevented by immunization with live attenuated vaccines. Mumps vaccines have proven to be safe and effective; however, rare cases of aseptic meningitis (AM) can occur after vaccination. The range of meningitis occurrence varies by different factors (strain, vaccine producer, and so on). Monovaccines or divaccines (mumps-measles vaccine), prepared from the strain Leningrad-3 (L-3), are used in Russia. Meningitis occurrence after vaccination has been established previously as very low. Nevertheless, with the number of children being vaccinated every year, vaccine-associated AM cases still occur. There is no official statistics on AM incidence after mumps vaccines, and information on AM features as an adverse event of mumps vaccination is limited and mostly devoted to vaccines, prepared from strains other than L-3. STUDY DESIGN The study included patients with AM who were vaccinated against mumps in the previous 30 days before the present disease onset during 2009-2019. METHODS Patients admitted to Infectious Clinical Hospital No. 1, Moscow, Russia, with AM were observed by a pediatrician and were screened for etiological agents of meningitis. RESULTS Seven patients were enrolled, and clinical features and the course of infection are presented. CONCLUSIONS Detection of only 7 cases of AM associated with mumps vaccination during the 10-year period supports very low occurrence of this adverse event after immunization with the L-3 strain-based mumps vaccines. Nevertheless, the annual number of AM cases that occur after mumps vaccination remains unknown and poorly diagnosed in practice because of the low awareness of physicians of this adverse reaction. Detection and objective coverage of such cases can lead to a weakening of 'antivaccination' moods in a society and to restoration of confidence in the healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- I K Belyaletdinova
- FSBSI "Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS", Moscow, Russia; Infectious Clinical Hospital No. 1, Moscow, Russia.
| | | | - L I Kozlovskaya
- FSBSI "Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS", Moscow, Russia; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - G M Ignatyev
- FSBSI "Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS", Moscow, Russia
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García-Martínez FJ, Moreno-Artero E, Jahnke S. [SARS-CoV-2 and EBV coinfection]. Med Clin (Barc) 2020; 155:319-320. [PMID: 32651071 PMCID: PMC7316068 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2020.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ester Moreno-Artero
- Departamento de Dermatología, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, España
| | - Sandra Jahnke
- Servicio de Urgencias, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, España
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Sikhosana ML, Kuonza L, Motaze NV. Epidemiology of laboratory-confirmed mumps infections in South Africa, 2012-2017: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:668. [PMID: 32397991 PMCID: PMC7216493 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08835-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Data on the burden of mumps in South Africa are limited and the epidemiology of mumps in this setting is not well understood. We present an analysis of mumps data in South Africa from 2012 to 2017. Methods This cross-sectional study included secondary data on laboratory-confirmed mumps infections from 2012 to 2017, archived at the South African National Health Laboratory Services’ data repository as well as from four private laboratories. Mumps-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and/or viral nucleic acid positive results represented acute infections. We used age-specific mid-year population estimates for each study year as denominators when calculating annual cumulative incidence. Seasonality was based on the season that showed a peak in infections. Results Out of 48,580 records obtained from the public and private sectors, 46,713 (96.2%) were from the private sector. Over the study period, there were 7494 acute infections, 7085 (94.5%) of which were recorded in the private sector. Of these 7494 infections, 3924 (52.4%) occurred in males. The proportion of samples tested that were IgM positive was 18.6% (1058/5682) in 2012, 15% (1016/6790) in 2013, 15.8% (1280/8093) in 2014, 15.5% (1384/8944) in 2015, 13.1% (1260/9629) in 2016 and 15.8% (1496/9442) in 2017. The cumulative incidence rate per 100,000 was highest in children between one and 9 years throughout the study period. The cumulative incidence of infections was highest in the Western Cape, Gauteng and the Northern Cape. Infections peaked in June and November. Conclusion Laboratory-confirmed mumps infections predominantly occurred in spring, affecting children below 10 years of age and individuals who were male. There were fewer tests performed in the public sector compared to the private sector. Since only laboratory data was analysed our results represent and underestimate of disease burden. Further studies that include clinical data are required to provide better estimates of disease burden in South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mpho Lerato Sikhosana
- South African Field Epidemiology Training Programme, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Lazarus Kuonza
- South African Field Epidemiology Training Programme, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Division of Public Health Surveillance and Response, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.,School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Nkengafac Villyen Motaze
- Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Respuesta a «Implementación de técnicas moleculares para el diagnóstico de parotiditis epidémica». Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2019; 37:67-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Mumps outbreaks: A problem in need of solutions. J Infect 2018; 76:503-506. [PMID: 29678496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To discuss what is presently known about recent mumps outbreaks and what solutions can be suggested to ensure more complete protection against mumps. METHODS PubMed was used to search for all of the studies published over the last 15 years using the key words "mumps" or "mumps virus" or "mumps vaccine". More than 1500 articles were found, but only those published in English or providing evidence-based data were included in the evaluation. RESULTS Prevention of mumps remains an unsolved problem. Available vaccines are effective but the protection they evoke declines over time. The use of booster doses can control outbreaks but it is not precisely defined whether they can prevent them. The rapid decline of antibody levels could limit the impact of the introduction of a third dose in the recommended immunization schedule. Furthermore, in most of the areas, mumps viral strains that are genetically different from those included in the vaccines are emerging and this might favour vaccine escape. However, also for this problem, its real relevance in favouring outbreak development is not precisely defined. CONCLUSIONS The true reasons for the development of mumps outbreaks in people with very high vaccination coverage are not clearly understood. The use of a booster dose or the preparation of vaccines containing the emerging serotypes are possible solutions, but both have some limitations. Further studies mainly devoted to improve our knowledge of the immune response to mumps vaccines are needed before long-term effective mumps vaccines can be prepared and outbreaks can be avoided.
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Ma R, Lu L, Zhou T, Pan J, Chen M, Pang X. Mumps disease in Beijing in the era of two-dose vaccination policy, 2005-2016. Vaccine 2018; 36:2589-2595. [PMID: 29653850 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the introduction of mumps-containing vaccines (MuCV) in 1995 in Beijing, two-dose MuCV vaccination policy has been used, with the 1st and 2nd doses given at 18 months and 6 years of age, respectively. METHODS Mumps epidemiology during 2005-2016 was described using surveillance data. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) of MuCV against disease was estimated for cases born during 2002-2009 and reported in 2016. VE against complications was estimated for all cases. MuCV coverage was estimated for children born during 1999-2015 using data from Beijing Immunization Information System. RESULTS Overall mumps incidence decreased from 30.38/100,000 persons in 2005 to 10.26/100,000 persons in 2016. Incidence declines in children aged <15 years. No significant incidence change occurred in adults aged ≥20 years. Incidence in persons aged 15-19 years increased by 132.73% in 2012 when compared with in 2005. Rates of meningitis/encephalitis, orchitis, and other complications among cases decreased during 2005-2016. The majority (97%) of outbreaks occurred in schools. Total number of outbreaks and average outbreak size decreased during 2005-2016. Among outbreak-related cases, 69.54%, 29.67% and 0.79% had received 0 dose, 1dose and 2 doses of MuCV, respectively. Coverage of the 1st MuCV dose at 2-5 years of age increased by 42.75% during 2005-2016. Coverage of the 2nd MuCV dose at 6-14 years of age increased by 12.87% during 2013-2016. Overall VE estimates of MuCV against mumps disease were 74.51% (95% CI: 65.57-81.34%) for 1 dose and 83.16% (95% CI: 78.60-86.31%) for 2 doses. Both VE estimates increased by birth cohorts. VE estimate against complications for 2-dose MuCV was higher than for 1 dose. CONCLUSIONS Increasing MuCV coverage achieved declining mumps incidence and complication rate. Current epidemiology supported 2-dose MuCV vaccination policy. The incidence rise in persons aged 15-19 years in 2012 and waning immunity for the 2nd MuCV dose merited close follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ma
- EPI Department, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, PR China
| | - Li Lu
- EPI Department, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, PR China.
| | - Tao Zhou
- EPI Department, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, PR China
| | - Jingbin Pan
- EPI Department, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, PR China
| | - Meng Chen
- EPI Department, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, PR China
| | - Xinghuo Pang
- EPI Department, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, PR China
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