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Chang S, Shin KS, Park B, Park S, Shin J, Park H, Jung IK, Kim JH, Bae SE, Kim JO, Baek SH, Kim G, Hong JJ, Seo H, Volz E, Kang CY. Strategy to develop broadly effective multivalent COVID-19 vaccines against emerging variants based on Ad5/35 platform. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2313681121. [PMID: 38408238 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313681121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron strain has evolved into highly divergent variants with several sub-lineages. These newly emerging variants threaten the efficacy of available COVID-19 vaccines. To mitigate the occurrence of breakthrough infections and re-infections, and more importantly, to reduce the disease burden, it is essential to develop a strategy for producing updated multivalent vaccines that can provide broad neutralization against both currently circulating and emerging variants. We developed bivalent vaccine AdCLD-CoV19-1 BA.5/BA.2.75 and trivalent vaccines AdCLD-CoV19-1 XBB/BN.1/BQ.1.1 and AdCLD-CoV19-1 XBB.1.5/BN.1/BQ.1.1 using an Ad5/35 platform-based non-replicating recombinant adenoviral vector. We compared immune responses elicited by the monovalent and multivalent vaccines in mice and macaques. We found that the BA.5/BA.2.75 bivalent and the XBB/BN.1/BQ.1.1 and XBB.1.5/BN.1/BQ.1.1 trivalent vaccines exhibited improved cross-neutralization ability compared to their respective monovalent vaccines. These data suggest that the developed multivalent vaccines enhance immunity against circulating Omicron subvariants and effectively elicit neutralizing antibodies across a broad spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soojeong Chang
- Research & Development Center, Cellid Co., Ltd., Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Soo Shin
- Research & Development Center, Cellid Co., Ltd., Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongju Park
- Research & Development Center, Cellid Co., Ltd., Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seowoo Park
- Research & Development Center, Cellid Co., Ltd., Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Shin
- Research & Development Center, Cellid Co., Ltd., Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemin Park
- Research & Development Center, Cellid Co., Ltd., Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - In Kyung Jung
- Research & Development Center, Cellid Co., Ltd., Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Heon Kim
- Research & Development Center, Cellid Co., Ltd., Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Eun Bae
- Science Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ouk Kim
- Science Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Baek
- National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Green Kim
- National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Joo Hong
- National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungseok Seo
- Laboratory of Cell & Gene Therapy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Erik Volz
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Medical Research Council Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Chang-Yuil Kang
- Research & Development Center, Cellid Co., Ltd., Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Recent Advances in the Development of Adenovirus-Vectored Vaccines for Parasitic Infections. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030334. [PMID: 36986434 PMCID: PMC10058461 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccines against parasites have lagged centuries behind those against viral and bacterial infections, despite the devastating morbidity and widespread effects of parasitic diseases across the globe. One of the greatest hurdles to parasite vaccine development has been the lack of vaccine strategies able to elicit the complex and multifaceted immune responses needed to abrogate parasitic persistence. Viral vectors, especially adenovirus (AdV) vectors, have emerged as a potential solution for complex disease targets, including HIV, tuberculosis, and parasitic diseases, to name a few. AdVs are highly immunogenic and are uniquely able to drive CD8+ T cell responses, which are known to be correlates of immunity in infections with most protozoan and some helminthic parasites. This review presents recent developments in AdV-vectored vaccines targeting five major human parasitic diseases: malaria, Chagas disease, schistosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and toxoplasmosis. Many AdV-vectored vaccines have been developed for these diseases, utilizing a wide variety of vectors, antigens, and modes of delivery. AdV-vectored vaccines are a promising approach for the historically challenging target of human parasitic diseases.
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Chavda VP, Bezbaruah R, Valu D, Patel B, Kumar A, Prasad S, Kakoti BB, Kaushik A, Jesawadawala M. Adenoviral Vector-Based Vaccine Platform for COVID-19: Current Status. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020432. [PMID: 36851309 PMCID: PMC9965371 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) breakout had an unimaginable worldwide effect in the 21st century, claiming millions of lives and putting a huge burden on the global economy. The potential developments in vaccine technologies following the determination of the genetic sequence of SARS-CoV-2 and the increasing global efforts to bring potential vaccines and therapeutics into the market for emergency use have provided a small bright spot to this tragic event. Several intriguing vaccine candidates have been developed using recombinant technology, genetic engineering, and other vaccine development technologies. In the last decade, a vast amount of the vaccine development process has diversified towards the usage of viral vector-based vaccines. The immune response elicited by such vaccines is comparatively higher than other approved vaccine candidates that require a booster dose to provide sufficient immune protection. The non-replicating adenoviral vectors are promising vaccine carriers for infectious diseases due to better yield, cGMP-friendly manufacturing processes, safety, better efficacy, manageable shipping, and storage procedures. As of April 2022, the WHO has approved a total of 10 vaccines around the world for COVID-19 (33 vaccines approved by at least one country), among which three candidates are adenoviral vector-based vaccines. This review sheds light on the developmental summary of all the adenoviral vector-based vaccines that are under emergency use authorization (EUA) or in the different stages of development for COVID-19 management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek P. Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +91-7030-919-407
| | - Rajashri Bezbaruah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India
| | - Disha Valu
- Drug Product Development Laboratory, Biopharma Division, Intas Pharmaceutical Ltd., Moraiya, Ahmedabad 382213, Gujarat, India
| | - Bindra Patel
- Pharmacy Section, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Anup Kumar
- Pharmacy Section, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Sanjay Prasad
- Cell and Gene Therapy Drug Product Development Laboratory, Biopharma Division, Intas Pharmaceutical Ltd., Moraiya, Ahmedabad 382213, Gujarat, India
| | - Bibhuti Bhusan Kakoti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Health Systems Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL 33805-8531, USA
| | - Mariya Jesawadawala
- Pharmacy Section, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
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Therapeutic Vaccines Targeting Neoantigens to Induce T-Cell Immunity against Cancers. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040867. [PMID: 35456701 PMCID: PMC9029780 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has achieved multiple clinical benefits and has become an indispensable component of cancer treatment. Targeting tumor-specific antigens, also known as neoantigens, plays a crucial role in cancer immunotherapy. T cells of adaptive immunity that recognize neoantigens, but do not induce unwanted off-target effects, have demonstrated high efficacy and low side effects in cancer immunotherapy. Tumor neoantigens derived from accumulated genetic instability can be characterized using emerging technologies, such as high-throughput sequencing, bioinformatics, predictive algorithms, mass-spectrometry analyses, and immunogenicity validation. Neoepitopes with a higher affinity for major histocompatibility complexes can be identified and further applied to the field of cancer vaccines. Therapeutic vaccines composed of tumor lysates or cells and DNA, mRNA, or peptides of neoantigens have revoked adaptive immunity to kill cancer cells in clinical trials. Broad clinical applicability of these therapeutic cancer vaccines has emerged. In this review, we discuss recent progress in neoantigen identification and applications for cancer vaccines and the results of ongoing trials.
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Mendonça SA, Lorincz R, Boucher P, Curiel DT. Adenoviral vector vaccine platforms in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. NPJ Vaccines 2021; 6:97. [PMID: 34354082 PMCID: PMC8342436 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-021-00356-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenoviral vectors have been explored as vaccine agents for a range of infectious diseases, and their ability to induce a potent and balanced immune response made them logical candidates to apply to the COVID-19 pandemic. The unique molecular characteristics of these vectors enabled the rapid development of vaccines with advanced designs capable of overcoming the biological challenges faced by early adenoviral vector systems. These successes and the urgency of the COVID-19 situation have resulted in a flurry of candidate adenoviral vector vaccines for COVID-19 from both academia and industry. These vaccines represent some of the lead candidates currently supported by Operation Warp Speed and other government agencies for rapid translational development. This review details adenoviral vector COVID-19 vaccines currently in human clinical trials and provides an overview of the new technologies employed in their design. As these vaccines have formed a cornerstone of the COVID-19 global vaccination campaign, this review provides a full consideration of the impact and development of this emerging platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Andrade Mendonça
- Washington University in Saint Louis, School of Medicine, Biologic Therapeutics Center, Radiation Oncology Department. 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Reka Lorincz
- Washington University in Saint Louis, School of Medicine, Biologic Therapeutics Center, Radiation Oncology Department. 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Paul Boucher
- Washington University in Saint Louis, School of Medicine, Biologic Therapeutics Center, Radiation Oncology Department. 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David T Curiel
- Washington University in Saint Louis, School of Medicine, Biologic Therapeutics Center, Radiation Oncology Department. 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Kulanayake S, Tikoo SK. Adenovirus Core Proteins: Structure and Function. Viruses 2021; 13:v13030388. [PMID: 33671079 PMCID: PMC7998265 DOI: 10.3390/v13030388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenoviruses have served as a model for investigating viral-cell interactions and discovering different cellular processes, such as RNA splicing and DNA replication. In addition, the development and evaluation of adenoviruses as the viral vectors for vaccination and gene therapy has led to detailed investigations about adenovirus biology, including the structure and function of the adenovirus encoded proteins. While the determination of the structure and function of the viral capsid proteins in adenovirus biology has been the subject of numerous reports, the last few years have seen increased interest in elucidating the structure and function of the adenovirus core proteins. Here, we provide a review of research about the structure and function of the adenovirus core proteins in adenovirus biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shermila Kulanayake
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Center (VIDO-InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N5E3, Canada;
- Vaccinology & Immunotherapeutics Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N5E3, Canada
| | - Suresh K. Tikoo
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Center (VIDO-InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N5E3, Canada;
- Vaccinology & Immunotherapeutics Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N5E3, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Kotraiah V, Phares TW, Browne CD, Pannucci J, Mansour M, Noe AR, Tucker KD, Christen JM, Reed C, MacKay A, Weir GM, Rajagopalan R, Stanford MM, Chung CS, Ayala A, Huang J, Tsuji M, Gutierrez GM. Novel Peptide-Based PD1 Immunomodulators Demonstrate Efficacy in Infectious Disease Vaccines and Therapeutics. Front Immunol 2020; 11:264. [PMID: 32210956 PMCID: PMC7068811 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Many pathogens use the same immune evasion mechanisms as cancer cells. Patients with chronic infections have elevated levels of checkpoint receptors (e.g., programed cell death 1, PD1) on T cells. Monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based inhibitors to checkpoint receptors have also been shown to enhance T-cell responses in models of chronic infection. Therefore, inhibitors have the potential to act as a vaccine “adjuvant” by facilitating the expansion of vaccine antigen-specific T-cell repertoires. Here, we report the discovery and characterization of a peptide-based class of PD1 checkpoint inhibitors, which have a potent adaptive immunity adjuvant capability for vaccines against infectious diseases. Briefly, after identifying peptides that bind to the recombinant human PD1, we screened for in vitro efficacy in reporter assays and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) readouts. We first found the baseline in vivo performance of the peptides in a standard mouse oncology model that demonstrated equivalent efficacy compared to mAbs against the PD1 checkpoint. Subsequently, two strategies were used to demonstrate the utility of our peptides in infectious disease indications: (1) as a therapeutic in a bacteria-induced lethal sepsis model in which our peptides were found to increase survival with enhanced bacterial clearance and increased macrophage function; and (2) as an adjuvant in combination with a prophylactic malaria vaccine in which our peptides increased T-cell immunogenicity and the protective efficacy of the vaccine. Therefore, our peptides are promising as both a therapeutic agent and a vaccine adjuvant for infectious disease with a potentially safer and more cost-effective target product profile compared to mAbs. These findings are essential for deploying a new immunomodulatory regimen in infectious disease primary and clinical care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayaka Kotraiah
- Explorations in Global Health (ExGloH), Leidos Inc., Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Timothy W Phares
- Explorations in Global Health (ExGloH), Leidos Inc., Frederick, MD, United States
| | | | - James Pannucci
- Explorations in Global Health (ExGloH), Leidos Inc., Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Marc Mansour
- MM Scientific Consultants, Inc., Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Amy R Noe
- Leidos Life Sciences, Leidos Inc., Frederick, MD, United States
| | | | | | - Charles Reed
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Plymouth Meeting, PA, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alfred Ayala
- Lifespan-Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Jing Huang
- The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Moriya Tsuji
- The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Gabriel M Gutierrez
- Explorations in Global Health (ExGloH), Leidos Inc., Frederick, MD, United States
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van Winkel CAJ, Moreno A, Curiel DT. Capsid-Incorporation Strategy To Display Antigens for an Alternative Adenoviral Vector Vaccine Approach. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:5446-5453. [PMID: 30359030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The adenovirus (Ad) is widely used as a vaccine because of its ability to induce a cellular and humoral immune response. In addition, human clinical trials have validated the safety and efficacy of Ad as a vaccine vector. The traditional approach for employing the adenovirus as vaccine is to configure the antigen genes into the expression cassette of the Ad genome. An alternative method for inducing an immune response is the "capsid-incorporation" strategy. This strategy is based upon the incorporation of proteins or peptides into the capsid proteins. This review will focus on the established uses of this approach as well as highlighting the new developments regarding the capsid-incorporation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia A J van Winkel
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States.,Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology , University of Groningen , Groningen 9700 AB , The Netherlands
| | - Alberto Moreno
- Emory Vaccine Center and Yerkes National Primate Research Center , Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , United States.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine , Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , United States
| | - David T Curiel
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States
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