1
|
Jeong H, Lee C, Lee J, Lee J, Hwang HS, Lee M, Na K. Hemagglutinin Nanoparticulate Vaccine with Controlled Photochemical Immunomodulation for Pathogenic Influenza-Specific Immunity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100118. [PMID: 34693665 PMCID: PMC8655185 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recently, viral infectious diseases, including COVID-19 and Influenza, are the subjects of major concerns worldwide. One strategy for addressing these concerns focuses on nasal vaccines, which have great potential for achieving successful immunization via safe, easy, and affordable approaches. However, conventional nasal vaccines have major limitations resulting from fast removal when pass through nasal mucosa and mucociliary clearance hindering their effectiveness. Herein a nanoparticulate vaccine (NanoVac) exhibiting photochemical immunomodulation and constituting a new self-assembled immunization system of a photoactivatable polymeric adjuvant with influenza virus hemagglutinin for efficient nasal delivery and antigen-specific immunity against pathogenic influenza viruses is described. NanoVac increases the residence period of antigens and further enhances by spatiotemporal photochemical modulation in the nasal cavity. As a consequence, photochemical immunomodulation of NanoVacs successfully induces humoral and cellular immune responses followed by stimulation of mature dendritic cells, plasma cells, memory B cells, and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, resulting in secretion of antigen-specific immunoglobulins, cytokines, and CD8+ T cells. Notably, challenge with influenza virus after nasal immunization with NanoVacs demonstrates robust prevention of viral infection. Thus, this newly designed vaccine system can serve as a promising strategy for developing vaccines that are active against current hazardous pathogen outbreaks and pandemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayoon Jeong
- Department of Biomedical‐Chemical EngineeringThe Catholic University of KoreaBucheon‐siGyeonggi‐do14662Republic of Korea
- Department of BiotechnologyThe Catholic University of KoreaBucheon‐siGyeonggi‐do14662Republic of Korea
| | - Chung‐Sung Lee
- Department of BiotechnologyThe Catholic University of KoreaBucheon‐siGyeonggi‐do14662Republic of Korea
- Division of Advanced ProsthodonticsUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCA90095USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and BiotechnologySun Moon UniversityAsan‐siChungcheongnam‐do31460Republic of Korea
| | - Jangsu Lee
- Department of Biomedical‐Chemical EngineeringThe Catholic University of KoreaBucheon‐siGyeonggi‐do14662Republic of Korea
- Department of BiotechnologyThe Catholic University of KoreaBucheon‐siGyeonggi‐do14662Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghwan Lee
- Department of BiotechnologyThe Catholic University of KoreaBucheon‐siGyeonggi‐do14662Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sook Hwang
- Department of BiotechnologyThe Catholic University of KoreaBucheon‐siGyeonggi‐do14662Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmaceutical EngineeringDankook UniversityCheonan‐siChungcheongnam‐do31116Republic of Korea
| | - Min Lee
- Division of Advanced ProsthodonticsUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCA90095USA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Kun Na
- Department of Biomedical‐Chemical EngineeringThe Catholic University of KoreaBucheon‐siGyeonggi‐do14662Republic of Korea
- Department of BiotechnologyThe Catholic University of KoreaBucheon‐siGyeonggi‐do14662Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rowell J, Lo CY, Price GE, Misplon JA, Crim RL, Jayanti P, Beeler J, Epstein SL. The effect of respiratory viruses on immunogenicity and protection induced by a candidate universal influenza vaccine in mice. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215321. [PMID: 30986224 PMCID: PMC6464343 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current approaches to influenza control rely on vaccines matched to viruses in circulation. Universal influenza vaccines would offer the advantage of providing broad protection against diverse strains of influenza virus. Candidate universal vaccines are developed using model systems, often testing in naïve animals. Yet the human population is not naïve, having varied immune histories that include exposure to viruses. We studied a candidate universal influenza vaccine (replication deficient adenoviruses expressing the conserved influenza A antigens NP and M2 [A/NP+M2-rAd]) given intranasally, the route previously shown to be most effective. To model recipients exposed to viruses, we used mice given rhinovirus (RV1B), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV-A2), influenza B virus, or influenza A virus before or after universal influenza vaccine. Vaccine performance was assessed by measuring immune responses to NP and M2, and monitoring weight loss and survival following influenza A challenge. Prior influenza A virus infection enhanced the response to the vaccine by priming to conserved influenza A antigens. RSV-A2 or RV1B had no effect on antibody responses to NP and M2 in serum. None of the viruses inhibited the ability of the vaccine to protect against influenza A virus challenge. The study demonstrates that the usefulness of this universal vaccine is not confined to the immunologically naïve and supports possible use in a human population with a varied history of respiratory infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janelle Rowell
- Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Chia-Yun Lo
- Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Graeme E. Price
- Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Julia A. Misplon
- Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Roberta L. Crim
- Office of Vaccines Research and Review, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Priyanka Jayanti
- Office of Vaccines Research and Review, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Judy Beeler
- Office of Vaccines Research and Review, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Suzanne L. Epstein
- Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Katzelnick LC, Coello Escoto A, McElvany BD, Chávez C, Salje H, Luo W, Rodriguez-Barraquer I, Jarman R, Durbin AP, Diehl SA, Smith DJ, Whitehead SS, Cummings DAT. Viridot: An automated virus plaque (immunofocus) counter for the measurement of serological neutralizing responses with application to dengue virus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006862. [PMID: 30356267 PMCID: PMC6226209 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gold-standard method for quantifying neutralizing antibody responses to many viruses, including dengue virus (DENV), is the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT, also called the immunofocus reduction neutralization test). The PRNT conducted on 96-well plates is high-throughput and requires a smaller volume of antiserum than on 6- or 24-well plates, but manual plaque counting is challenging and existing automated plaque counters are expensive or difficult to optimize. We have developed Viridot (Viridot package), a program for R with a user interface in shiny, that counts viral plaques of a variety of phenotypes, estimates neutralizing antibody titers, and performs other calculations of use to virologists. The Viridot plaque counter includes an automatic parameter identification mode (misses <10 plaques/well for 87% of diverse DENV strains [n = 1521]) and a mode that allows the user to fine-tune the parameters used for counting plaques. We compared standardized manual and Viridot plaque counting methods applied to the same wells by two analyses and found that Viridot plaque counts were as similar to the same analyst's manual count (Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient, ρc = 0.99 [95% confidence interval: 0.99–1.00]) as manual counts between analysts (ρc = 0.99 [95% CI: 0.98–0.99]). The average ratio of neutralizing antibody titers based on manual counted plaques to Viridot counted plaques was 1.05 (95% CI: 0.98–1.14), similar to the average ratio of antibody titers based on manual plaque counts by the two analysts (1.06 [95% CI: 0.84–1.34]). Across diverse DENV and ZIKV strains (n = 14), manual and Viridot plaque counts were mostly consistent (range of ρc = 0.74 to 1.00) and the average ratio of antibody titers based on manual and Viridot counted plaques was close to 1 (0.94 [0.86–1.02]). Thus, Viridot can be used for plaque counting and neutralizing antibody titer estimation of diverse DENV strains and potentially other viruses on 96-well plates as well as for formalization of plaque-counting rules for standardization across experiments and analysts. Although the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) is an important assay for measuring neutralizing antibody responses against many viruses, no free, open-source programs specifically designed for virus plaque counting and neutralizing antibody titer estimation are available. We have developed Viridot, a package for R with a user-interface in shiny, which is designed for use by laboratory-based virologists and researchers with minimal coding experience. The program includes: automatic and user-specification of settings for plaque counting; saving of plaque counting settings; counting of many plates at once; and easy output of plaque counts, plaque sizes, and images with counted plaques circled. Viridot also includes programs to analyze plaque counts, including estimation of: neutralizing antibody titers, pfu/mL of a virus stock, and the dilution factor of virus needed for an experiment. Viridot can be used to standardize plaque-counting methods within and between laboratories, helping researchers formalize an important aspect of the PRNT method that is often subjective. Viridot thus provides laboratory researchers around the world with a free tool to improve the speed and consistency with which the PRNT is conducted, aiding the public health response to emerging viral diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah C. Katzelnick
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
- * E-mail:
| | - Ana Coello Escoto
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Benjamin D. McElvany
- Department of Medicine-Infectious Disease, Vaccine Testing Center, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Christian Chávez
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Henrik Salje
- Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Wensheng Luo
- Center for Immunization Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Isabel Rodriguez-Barraquer
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Richard Jarman
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Anna P. Durbin
- Center for Immunization Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sean A. Diehl
- Department of Medicine-Infectious Disease, Vaccine Testing Center, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Derek J. Smith
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen S. Whitehead
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Derek A. T. Cummings
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dziąbowska K, Czaczyk E, Nidzworski D. Detection Methods of Human and Animal Influenza Virus-Current Trends. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2018; 8:bios8040094. [PMID: 30340339 PMCID: PMC6315519 DOI: 10.3390/bios8040094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The basic affairs connected to the influenza virus were reviewed in the article, highlighting the newest trends in its diagnostic methods. Awareness of the threat of influenza arises from its ability to spread and cause a pandemic. The undiagnosed and untreated viral infection can have a fatal effect on humans. Thus, the early detection seems pivotal for an accurate treatment, when vaccines and other contemporary prevention methods are not faultless. Public health is being attacked with influenza containing new genes from a genetic assortment between animals and humankind. Unfortunately, the population does not have immunity for mutant genes and is attacked in every viral outbreak season. For these reasons, fast and accurate devices are in high demand. As currently used methods like Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Tests lack specificity, time and cost-savings, new methods are being developed. In the article, various novel detection methods, such as electrical and optical were compared. Different viral elements used as detection targets and analysis parameters, such as sensitivity and specificity, were presented and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Dziąbowska
- Institute of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, 3 Trzy Lipy St., 80-172 Gdansk, Poland.
- SensDx SA, 14b Postepu St., 02-676 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Elżbieta Czaczyk
- Institute of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, 3 Trzy Lipy St., 80-172 Gdansk, Poland.
- SensDx SA, 14b Postepu St., 02-676 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dawid Nidzworski
- Institute of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, 3 Trzy Lipy St., 80-172 Gdansk, Poland.
- SensDx SA, 14b Postepu St., 02-676 Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yan LM, Li OTW, Poh CM, Perera RAPM, Valkenburg SA, Peiris M, Poon LLM. Combined use of live-attenuated and inactivated influenza vaccines to enhance heterosubtypic protection. Virology 2018; 525:73-82. [PMID: 30248524 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The limited protection of current commerical vaccines necessitates the investigation of novel vaccine strategies for unpredictable outbreaks. To investigate the feasibility of using vaccines derived from Group 1 influenza A virus to induce broadly cross-reactive immune responses against multiple influenza subtypes, we tested a panel of sequential 4-dose immunization regimens in mice. Mice were treated with inactivated (seasonal H1N1, pandemic H1N1 and H5N1) and vaccinia virus-based H5N1 live-attenuated vaccines in different combinations. Mice were then challenged by viruses of either Group 1 (H1N1) or Group 2 (H3N2, H7N7) influenza virus. All studied sequential 4-dose vaccinations could induce some degrees of heterosubtypic protection in mice. Amongst all these regimens, the combined use of inactivated and live-attenuated vaccines could achieve the best heterologous protection. These results highlight the synergistic effect of combining different vaccine platforms to enhance heterosubtypic protection against influenza viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Meng Yan
- Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Olive T W Li
- Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chek M Poh
- Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ranawaka A P M Perera
- Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sophie A Valkenburg
- Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Malik Peiris
- Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Leo L M Poon
- Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Valkenburg SA, Leung NHL, Bull MB, Yan LM, Li APY, Poon LLM, Cowling BJ. The Hurdles From Bench to Bedside in the Realization and Implementation of a Universal Influenza Vaccine. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1479. [PMID: 30013557 PMCID: PMC6036122 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza viruses circulate worldwide causing annual epidemics that have a substantial impact on public health. This is despite vaccines being in use for over 70 years and currently being administered to around 500 million people each year. Improvements in vaccine design are needed to increase the strength, breadth, and duration of immunity against diverse strains that circulate during regular epidemics, occasional pandemics, and from animal reservoirs. Universal vaccine strategies that target more conserved regions of the virus, such as the hemagglutinin (HA)-stalk, or recruit other cellular responses, such as T cells and NK cells, have the potential to provide broader immunity. Many pre-pandemic vaccines in clinical development do not utilize new vaccine platforms but use "tried and true" recombinant HA protein or inactivated virus strategies despite substantial leaps in fundamental research on universal vaccines. Significant hurdles exist for universal vaccine development from bench to bedside, so that promising preclinical data is not yet translating to human clinical trials. Few studies have assessed immune correlates derived from asymptomatic influenza virus infections, due to the scale of a study required to identity these cases. The realization and implementation of a universal influenza vaccine requires identification and standardization of set points of protective immune correlates, and consideration of dosage schedule to maximize vaccine uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie A. Valkenburg
- HKU Pasteur Research Pole, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Nancy H. L. Leung
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Maireid B. Bull
- HKU Pasteur Research Pole, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Li-meng Yan
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Athena P. Y. Li
- HKU Pasteur Research Pole, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Leo L. M. Poon
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Benjamin J. Cowling
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
|