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Li Y, Zhou H, Li B, Li J, Shen Y, Jiang Y, Cui W, Tang L. Immunoprotection of FliBc chimeric fiber2 fusion proteins targeting dendritic cells against Fowl adenovirus serotype 4 infection. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103474. [PMID: 38387285 PMCID: PMC10899072 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) is a highly fatal disease in chickens caused by the highly pathogenic fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4), which has severe economic consequences. The fiber2 protein exhibits excellent potential as a candidate for a subunit vaccination against FAdV-4. Despite having a high safety profile, subunit vaccines have low immunogenicity due to their lack of infectivity, which leads to low levels of immune response. As a vaccine adjuvant, Salmonella flagellin possesses the potential to augment the immunological response to vaccinations. Additionally, a crucial strategy for enhancing vaccine efficacy is efficient presentation of immune antigens to dendritic cells (DC) for targeted vaccination. In this study, we designed FAdV-4-fiber2 protein, and a recombinant protein called FliBc-fiber2-SP which based on FAdV-4-fiber2 protein, was generated using the gene sequence FliBc, which retains only the conserved sequence at the amino and carboxyl termini of the flagellin B subunit, and a short peptide SPHLHTSSPWER (SP), which targets chicken bone marrow-derived DC. They were separately administered via intramuscular injection to 14-day-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens, and their immunogenicity was compared. At 21 d postvaccination (dpv), it was found that the FliBc-fiber2-SP recombinant protein elicited significantly higher levels of IgG antibodies and conferred a vaccine protection rate of up to 100% compared to its counterpart fiber2 protein. These results suggest that the DC-targeted peptide fusion strategy for flagellin chimeric antigen construction can effectively enhance the immune protective efficacy of antigen proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 1550030, China
| | - Han Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 1550030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bolong Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 1550030, China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 1550030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yuanmeng Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 1550030, China
| | - Yanping Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 1550030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wen Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 1550030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lijie Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 1550030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin 150030, China.
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2
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Mazboudi R, Mulhall Maasz H, Resch MD, Wen K, Gottlieb P, Alimova A, Khayat R, Collins ND, Kuschner RA, Galarza JM. A recombinant virus-like particle vaccine against adenovirus-7 induces a potent humoral response. NPJ Vaccines 2023; 8:155. [PMID: 37821505 PMCID: PMC10567840 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00754-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenoviruses (AdVs) cause infections in humans that range from mild to severe, and can cause outbreaks particularly in close contact settings. Several human AdV types have been identified, which can cause a wide array of clinical manifestations. AdV types 4 and 7 (AdV-4 and AdV-7), which are among the most commonly circulating types in the United States, are known to cause acute respiratory disease that can result in hospitalization and rarely, death. Currently, the only vaccines approved for use in humans are live virus vaccines against AdV-4 and AdV-7, though these vaccines are only authorized for use in U.S. military personnel. While they are efficacious, use of these live virus vaccines carries considerable risks of vaccine-associated viral shedding and recombination. Here, we present an alternative vaccination strategy against AdV-7 using the virus-like particle platform (AdVLP-7). We describe the production of stable recombinant AdVLP-7, and demonstrate that AdVLP-7 is structurally analogous to wild-type AdV-7 virions (WT AdV-7). Preclinical immunogenicity studies in mice show that AdVLP-7 elicits a potent humoral immune response, comparable to that observed in mice immunized with WT AdV-7. Specifically, AdVLP-7 induces high titers of antibodies against AdV-7-specific antigens that can effectively neutralize AdV-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Mazboudi
- TechnoVax, Inc., 6 Westchester Plaza, Elmsford, NY, 10523, USA
| | | | - Matthew D Resch
- TechnoVax, Inc., 6 Westchester Plaza, Elmsford, NY, 10523, USA
| | - Ke Wen
- TechnoVax, Inc., 6 Westchester Plaza, Elmsford, NY, 10523, USA
| | - Paul Gottlieb
- CUNY School of Medicine, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Aleksandra Alimova
- CUNY School of Medicine, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Reza Khayat
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Natalie D Collins
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute for Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
| | - Robert A Kuschner
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute for Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
| | - Jose M Galarza
- TechnoVax, Inc., 6 Westchester Plaza, Elmsford, NY, 10523, USA.
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3
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Yeo JI, Lee R, Kim H, Ahn S, Park J, Sung HW. Genetic modification regulates pathogenicity of a fowl adenovirus 4 strain after cell line adaptation (genetic mutation in FAdV-4 lowered pathogenicity). Heliyon 2023; 9:e19860. [PMID: 37809944 PMCID: PMC10559258 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4) is a major avian virus that induces fatal diseases in chicken such as, hydropericardium and hepatitis. The viral structure consists of hexon, penton, fiber-1, and fiber-2 which are associated with immunopathogenesis. In this study, we investigated the genetic modification of a FAdV-4 strain after continuous passages in a cell line and evaluated the pathogenicity associated with mutations. We used the FadV-4 KNU14061 strain, which was isolated from layers in 2014. The virus went through 80 passages in the Leghorn male hepatoma (LMH) cell line. The full genetic sequence was identified, and we found a frameshift in the fiber-2 amino acid sequence after the initial thirty passages. To examine whether the frameshift in the fiber-2 gene affects the pathogenicity in chicken, we inoculated LMH80 (80 times passaged) and LMH10 (10 times passaged) into 3-day-old chickens and examined the pathogenesis. LMH10 infection via intramuscular route induced fatal pathology, but LMH80 did not. Furthermore, LHM80 pre-treatment protected hosts from the LMH10 challenge. Thus, the genetic modification isolated by serial passage lowered pathogenicity and the resulting virus acted as an attenuated vaccine that can be a FAdV-4 vaccine strain candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-in Yeo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Rangyeon Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Haneul Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Somin Ahn
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongho Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Multidimensional Genomics Research Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Haan Woo Sung
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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4
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Guo X, Chang J, Lu S, Hu P, Zou D, Li Y, Li F, Liu J, Cao Q, Zhang K, Zhan J, Liu Y, Yang X, Ren H. Multiantigen epitope fusion recombinant proteins from capsids of serotype 4 fowl adenovirus induce chicken immunity against avian Angara disease. Vet Microbiol 2023; 278:109661. [PMID: 36758262 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Avian Angara disease caused by fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) has spread widely and brought economic losses to the poultry industry in some countries. Effective vaccines for Angara disease control are currently lacking. In this study, four capsid proteins (hexon, penton, fiber1 and fiber2) from FAdV-4 were selected, and their optimal efficient antigenic epitopes predicted by bioinformatics software were tandemly linked with the flexible linker GGGGS. Based on their amino acid sequences, the DNA sequences for the genes encoding the multiantigen epitope tandem proteins (MAETPs) FAdV4:F1, FAdV4:P, FAdV4:F2 and FAdV4:H were chemosynthesized and then ligated by T4 ligases at the cleavage sites of restriction endonucleases to construct DNAs encoding the multilinked fusion recombinant proteins (MLFRPs) used as protective antigens from avian Angara disease. These genes ligated into the expression vector pET-28a were successfully expressed using the Escherichia coli prokaryotic expression system to prepare five kinds of MLFRPs (FAdV4:F1-P-F2-H, FAdV4:F1-F2-P-H, FAdV4:F1-F2-H-P, FAdV4:F1-P-H-F2 and FAdV4:F1-H-F2-P) for use to immunize chicks. FAdV-4 was injected into MLFRP-immunized chickens, and the challenge protection rate was evaluated. FAdV4:F1-P-F2-H produced the best protection against FAdV-4, with a single immunization resulting in a 100 % protection rate, followed by FAdV4:F1-F2-P-H (83.33 %) and FAdV4:F1-F2-H-P (66.67 %). FAdV4:F1-P-H-F2 and FAdV4:F1-H-F2-P were not able to induce a good immune protection effect after one immunization. However, all of the MLFRPs were capable of protecting the host from FAdV-4 infection after two immunizations. In conclusion, these MLFRPs generated based on capsid proteins of FAdV-4 are promising candidate subunit vaccines against Angara disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jiang Chang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Shiying Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Pan Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Deying Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; Panjin Center for Inspection and Testing, Panjin 124000, China
| | - Yansong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; Shandong Binzhou Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Jishan Liu
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Qi Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Junpeng Zhan
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yixin Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Honglin Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Tufail S, Shah MA, Asif TA, Ullah R, Shehzad A, Ismat F, Shah MS, Habib M, Calisto BM, Mirza O, Iqbal M, Rahman M. Highly soluble and stable ‘insertion domain’ of the capsid penton base protein provides complete protection against infections caused by fowl adenoviruses. Microb Pathog 2022; 173:105835. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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6
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De Luca C, Schachner A, Heidl S, Hess M, Liebhart D, Mitra T. Local cellular immune response plays a key role in protecting chickens against hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) by vaccination with a recombinant fowl adenovirus (FAdV) chimeric fiber protein. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1026233. [PMID: 36389772 PMCID: PMC9650998 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1026233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fowl adenovirus (FAdV)-induced diseases hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) and inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) have been affecting the poultry industry with increasing severity in the last two decades. Recently, a subunit vaccine based on a chimeric fiber protein with epitopes from different fowl adenovirus serotypes (named crecFib-4/11) has been shown to confer simultaneous protection against both HHS and IBH. However, the underlying immune mechanisms in chickens are still enigmatic, especially because of frequently absent neutralizing response despite high levels of protection. In this study, we investigated the kinetics of the humoral and cellular immune responses in specific pathogen-free chickens after vaccination with crecFib-4/11 and/or challenge with a HHS-causing strain, on a systemic level, as well as locally in target and lymphoid organs. The humoral response was assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and virus neutralization test in serum, while the cellular immune response was determined by phenotyping using flow cytometry. Although vaccination induced serum antibodies, as confirmed by ELISA, such antibodies exhibited no pre-challenge neutralizing activity against FAdV-4. Nevertheless, immunized birds experienced a significant B cell increase in the liver upon challenge, remaining high throughout the experiment. Furthermore, vaccination stimulated the proliferation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, with earlier circulation in the blood compared to the challenge control and subsequent increase in liver and spleen. Overall, these findings imply that protection of chickens from HHS after crecFib-4/11 vaccination relies on a prominent local immune response in the target organs, instead of circulating neutralizing antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta De Luca
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Poultry Vaccines (IPOV), University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Schachner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Poultry Vaccines (IPOV), University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Heidl
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Poultry Vaccines (IPOV), University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Hess
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Poultry Vaccines (IPOV), University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dieter Liebhart
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Taniya Mitra
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Taniya Mitra, ;
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El-Shall NA, El-Hamid HSA, Elkady MF, Ellakany HF, Elbestawy AR, Gado AR, Geneedy AM, Hasan ME, Jaremko M, Selim S, El-Tarabily KA, El-Hack MEA. Epidemiology, pathology, prevention, and control strategies of inclusion body hepatitis and hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome in poultry: A comprehensive review. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:963199. [PMID: 36304412 PMCID: PMC9592805 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.963199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs) can result in a number of syndromes in the production of chicken, including inclusion body hepatitis (IBH), hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS), and others, causing enormous economic losses around the globe. FAdVs are divided into 12 serotypes and five species (A-E; 1-8a and 8b-11). Most avian species are prone to infection due to the widespread distribution of FAdV strains. The genus aviadenovirus, which is a member of the adenoviridae family, is responsible for both IBH and HHS. The most popular types of transmission are mechanical, vertical, and horizontal. Hepatitis with basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies distinguishes IBH, but the buildup of translucent or straw-colored fluid in the pericardial sac distinguishes HHS. IBH and HHS require a confirmatory diagnosis because their clinical symptoms and postmortem abnormalities are not unique to those conditions. Under a microscope, the presence of particular lesions and inclusion bodies may provide clues. Traditional virus isolation in avian tissue culture is more delicate than in avian embryonated eggs. Additionally, aviadenovirus may now be quickly and precisely detected using molecular diagnostic tools. Preventive techniques should rely on efficient biosecurity controls and immunize breeders prior to production in order to protect progeny. This current review gives a general overview of the current local and global scenario of IBH, and HHS brought on by FAdVs and covers both their issues and preventative vaccination methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahed A. El-Shall
- Poultry and Fish Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hatem S. Abd El-Hamid
- Poultry and Fish Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Magdy F. Elkady
- Poultry Disease Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Hany F. Ellakany
- Poultry and Fish Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R. Elbestawy
- Poultry and Fish Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R. Gado
- Poultry and Fish Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Amr M. Geneedy
- Poultry and Fish Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Hasan
- Bioinformatic Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, El Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative and Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled A. El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
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8
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Liu A, Zhang Y, Cui H, Wang X, Gao Y, Pan Q. Advances in Vaccine Development of the Emerging Novel Genotype Fowl Adenovirus 4. Front Immunol 2022; 13:916290. [PMID: 35669788 PMCID: PMC9163660 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.916290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) was first reported in Angara Goth, Pakistan, in 1987. For this reason, it is also known as “Angara disease.” It was later reported in China, Japan, South Korea, India, the United States, Canada, and other countries and regions, causing huge economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. Notably, since June 2015, a natural outbreak of severe hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome (HHS), associated with a hypervirulent novel genotype FAdV-4 infection, has emerged in most provinces of China. The novel virus FAdV-4 spread rapidly and induced a 30-100% mortality rate, causing huge economic losses and threatening the green and healthy poultry breeding industry. Vaccines against FAdV-4, especially the emerging novel genotype, play a critical role and will be the most efficient tool for preventing and controlling HHS. Various types of FAdV-4 vaccines have been developed and evaluated, such as inactivated, live-attenuated, subunit, and combined vaccines. They have made great contributions to the control of HHS, but the details of cross-protection within FAdVs and the immunogenicity of different vaccines require further investigation. This review highlights the recent advances in developing the FAdV-4 vaccine and promising new vaccines for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Hongyu Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yulong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Pan, ; Yulong Gao,
| | - Qing Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Pan, ; Yulong Gao,
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9
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De Luca C, Schachner A, Heidl S, Hess M. Vaccination with a fowl adenovirus chimeric fiber protein (crecFib-4/11) simultaneously protects chickens against hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) and inclusion body hepatitis (IBH). Vaccine 2022; 40:1837-1845. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Immunogenicity of Novel Live Vaccine Based on an Artificial rHN20 Strain against Emerging Fowl Adenovirus 4. Viruses 2021; 13:v13112153. [PMID: 34834960 PMCID: PMC8622778 DOI: 10.3390/v13112153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS), caused by novel fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4), has caused serious economic losses to the poultry industry. Vaccines are important for preventing and controlling HHS. Current FAdV-4 vaccine research and development are mainly focuses on inactivated vaccines and relatively fewer live vaccines. We previously demonstrated that the hexon gene is the key gene responsible for the high pathogenicity of FAdV-4 and constructed a non-pathogenic chimeric virus rHN20 strain based on the emerging FAdV-4. In this study, the immunogenicity of artificially rescued rHN20 was evaluated in chickens using different routes and doses as a live vaccine. The live rHN20 vaccine induced high titers of neutralizing antibodies against FAdV-4 and fully protected the immunized chickens against a lethal dose of FAdV-4. Furthermore, immunized chickens showed no clinical symptoms or histopathological changes in the FAdV-4-targeted liver, and the viral load in the tissues of immunized chickens was significantly lower than that of chickens in the challenge control group. Collectively, the live rHN20 vaccine effectively protected our sample against FAdV-4 infection and can be considered a live vaccine candidate for preventing HHS in the poultry industry.
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11
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Zou X, Rong Y, Guo X, Hou W, Yan B, Hung T, Lu Z. Fiber1, but not fiber2, is the essential fiber gene for fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4). J Gen Virol 2021; 102. [PMID: 33625352 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibre is the viral protein that mediates the attachment and infection of adenovirus to the host cell. Fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4) possesses two different fibre trimers on each penton capsomere, and roles of the separate fibres remain elusive. Here, we attempted to investigate the function of FAdV-4 fibres by using reverse genetics approaches. Adenoviral plasmids carrying fiber1 or fiber2 mutant genes were constructed and used to transfect chicken LMH cells. Fiber1-mutated recombinant virus could not be rescued. Such defective phenotype was complemented when a fiber1-bearing helper plasmid was included for co-transfection. The infection of fiber-intact FAdV-4 (FAdV4-GFP) to LMH cells could be blocked with purified fiber1 knob protein in a dose-dependent manner, while purifed fiber2 knob had no such function. On the contrary, fiber2-mutated FAdV-4, FAdV4XF2-GFP, was successfully rescued. The results of one-step growth curves showed that proliferative capacity of FAdV4XF2-GFP was 10 times lower than that of the control FAdV4-GFP. FAdV4XF2-GFP also caused fewer deaths of infected chicken embryos than FAdV4-GFP did, which resulted from poorer virus replication in vivo. These data illustrated that fiber1 mediated virus adsorption and was essential for FAdV-4, while fiber2 was dispensable although it significantly contributed to the virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
| | - Yejing Rong
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315010, PR China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
| | - Wenzhe Hou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
| | - Bingyu Yan
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
| | - Tao Hung
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
| | - Zhuozhuang Lu
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China.,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention-Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Joint Research Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, Wuhan 430071, PR China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
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12
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De Luca C, Schachner A, Mitra T, Heidl S, Liebhart D, Hess M. Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) fiber-based vaccine against inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) provides type-specific protection guided by humoral immunity and regulation of B and T cell response. Vet Res 2020; 51:143. [PMID: 33267862 PMCID: PMC7709361 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-020-00869-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A recombinant fowl adenovirus (FAdV) fiber protein, derived from a FAdV-8a strain, was tested for its efficacy to protect chickens against inclusion body hepatitis (IBH). FAdV-E field isolates belonging to both a homotypic (FAdV-8a) and heterotypic (-8b) serotype were used as challenge. Mechanisms underlying fiber-induced protective immunity were investigated by fiber-based ELISA, virus neutralization assays and flow cytometry of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, monitoring the temporal developments of humoral and cellular responses after vaccination and challenge exposure. Birds were clinically protected from the homologous challenge and showed a significant reduction of viral load in investigated target organs, whereas fiber-based immunity failed to counteract the heterologous serotype infection. These findings were supported in vitro by the strictly type-specific neutralizing activity of fiber immune sera. In protected birds, fiber vaccination prevented a post-challenge drop of peripheral B cells in blood. Furthermore, fiber immunization stimulated CD4+ T lymphocyte proliferation while moderating the CD8α+ T cell response and prevented challenge-induced changes in systemic monocytes/macrophages and γδ+ T cell subpopulations. Both vaccinated and adjuvant-only injected birds experienced a priming of systemic B cells and TCRγδ+ T lymphocytes, which masked possible pre-challenge effects due to the antigen. In conclusion, within FAdV-E, recombinant fiber represents a vaccine candidate to control the adverse effects of homotypic infection by eliciting an effective humoral immunity and regulating B and T cell response, whereas the failure of heterotypic protection suggests a primordial role of humoral immunity for this vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta De Luca
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Poultry Vaccines (IPOV), University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Schachner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Poultry Vaccines (IPOV), University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Taniya Mitra
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Heidl
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Poultry Vaccines (IPOV), University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dieter Liebhart
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Hess
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Poultry Vaccines (IPOV), University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria. .,Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
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13
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Liu R, Zhang Y, Guo H, Li N, Wang B, Tian K, Wang Z, Yang X, Li Y, Wang H, Zhang Y, Fu J, Zhao J. The increased virulence of hypervirulent fowl adenovirus 4 is independent of fiber-1 and penton. Res Vet Sci 2020; 131:31-37. [PMID: 32283442 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) caused by hypervirulent fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4) have been causing great economic losses to Chinese poultry industry since 2015. Elucidation of the pathogenesis of FAdV-4 will lay solid foundation for developing attenuated FAdV-4 vaccine and vaccine vector. Our previous study has demonstrated that the increased virulence of hypervirulent FAdV-4 was associated with fiber-2 and hexon genes. However, the roles of fiber-1 and penton in virulence of FAdV-4 have never been elucidated. To further investigate the roles of the major structural proteins fiber-1 and penton in the virulence of hypervirulent FAdV-4, the fiber-1- and penton-replaced mutant viruses were constructed based on the FAdV-4 infectious clones of hypervirulent strain HNJZ using Redαβ recombineering techniques. The pathogenicity of the rescued viruses was evaluated in 3-week-old SPF chickens. Chickens infected with the rescued recombinant viruses carrying the fiber-1 or penton base gene from a nonpathogenic strain ON1 developed similar clinical signs to the natural hypervirulent FAdV-4 infection, including HHS-indicative gross lesions and histopathological changes in sick/dead chickens. Our results suggested that the increased virulence of hypervirulent FAdV-4 was independent of fiber-1 and penton. The detailed pathogenesis of FAdV-4 and the roles of fiber-1 and penton in the viral replication and infection process need to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxin Liu
- Shandong University-Hemholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Baiyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiyue Tian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongtao Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Shandong University-Hemholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Youming Zhang
- Shandong University-Hemholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Fu
- Shandong University-Hemholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China.
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14
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User-Friendly Reverse Genetics System for Modification of the Right End of Fowl Adenovirus 4 Genome. Viruses 2020; 12:v12030301. [PMID: 32168853 PMCID: PMC7150739 DOI: 10.3390/v12030301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4) has caused significant economic losses to the poultry industry in China since 2015. We established an easy-to-use reverse genetics system for modification of the whole right and partial left ends of the novel FAdV-4 genome, which worked through cell-free reactions of restriction digestion and Gibson assembly. Three recombinant viruses were constructed to test the assumption that species-specific viral genes of ORF4 and ORF19A might be responsible for the enhanced virulence: viral genes of ORF1, ORF1b and ORF2 were replaced with GFP to generate FAdV4-GFP, ORF4 was replaced with mCherry in FAdV4-GFP to generate FAdV4-GX4C, and ORF19A was deleted in FAdV4-GFP to generate FAdV4-CX19A. Deletion of ORF4 made FAdV4-GX4C form smaller plaques while ORF19A deletion made FAdV4-CX19A form larger ones on chicken LMH cells. Coding sequence (CDS) replacement with reporter mCherry demonstrated that ORF4 had a weak promoter. Survival analysis showed that FAdV4-CX19A-infected chicken embryos survived one more day than FAdV4-GFP- or FAdV4-GX4C-infected ones. The results illustrated that ORF4 and ORF19A were non-essential genes for FAdV-4 replication although deletion of either gene influenced virus growth. This work would help function study of genes on the right end of FAdV-4 genome and facilitate development of attenuated vaccines.
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