1
|
Raji AA, Dastjerdi PZ, Omar AR. Virus-like particles in poultry disease: an approach to effective and safe vaccination. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1405605. [PMID: 39315089 PMCID: PMC11417104 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1405605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The poultry industry, a cornerstone of global food security, faces dynamic challenges exacerbated by viral diseases. This review traces the trajectory of poultry vaccination, evolving from traditional methods to the forefront of innovation Virus-Like Particle (VLP) vaccines. Vaccination has been pivotal in disease control, but traditional vaccines exhibit some limitations. This review examines the emergence of VLPs as a game-changer in poultry vaccination. VLPs, mimicking viruses without replication, offer a safer, targeted alternative with enhanced immunogenicity. The narrative encompasses VLP design principles, production methods, immunogenicity, and efficacy against major poultry viruses. Challenges and prospects are explored, presenting VLP vaccines as a transformative technique in poultry disease control. Understanding their potential empowers industry stakeholders to navigate poultry health management with precision, promising improved welfare, reduced economic losses, and heightened food safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullahi Abdullahi Raji
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Biomolecules, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Paniz Zarghami Dastjerdi
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Biomolecules, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rahman Omar
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Biomolecules, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shamshirgaran MA, Golchin M. Necrotic enteritis in chickens: a comprehensive review of vaccine advancements over the last two decades. Avian Pathol 2024:1-46. [PMID: 39190009 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2024.2398028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a severe gastrointestinal disease that poses a significant threat to poultry, leading to progressive deterioration of the small intestine, reduced performance, and increased mortality rates, causing economic losses in the poultry industry. The elimination of antimicrobial agents from chicken feed has imposed a need to explore alternative approaches for NE control, with vaccination emerging as a promising strategy to counteract the detrimental consequences associated with NE. This comprehensive study presents an overview of the extensive efforts made in NE vaccination from 2004 to2023. The study focuses on the development and evaluation of vaccine candidates designed to combat NE. Rigorous evaluations were conducted in both laboratory animals and broiler chickens, the target population, to assess the vaccines' capacity to elicit an immune response and provide substantial protection against toxin challenges and experimental NE infections. The review encompasses the design of vaccine candidates, the antigens employed, in vivo immune responses, and the efficacy of these vaccines in protecting birds from experimental NE infection. This review contributes to the existing knowledge of NE vaccination strategies, offering valuable insights for future research and development in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Shamshirgaran
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Golchin
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Elbestawy AR, El-Hamid HSA, Ellakany HF, Gado AR, El-Rayes SH, Salaheldin AH. Genetic Sequence and Pathogenicity of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus in Chickens in Egypt During 2017-2021. Avian Dis 2024; 68:99-111. [PMID: 38885051 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-d-23-00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The continued circulation of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in Egypt, despite the use of various vaccines, is a serious problem that requires continuous detection of IBDV. In the current study, real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction testing of 100 diseased chicken flocks during 2017-2021 revealed the presence of very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) in 67% of the flocks, non-vvIBDV in 11%, and a mixture of both vvIBDV and non-vvIBDV in 4%. Twenty-nine IBDV isolates were submitted for partial sequencing of the viral protein 2 hypervariable region (VP2-HVR), and 27 isolates were confirmed to be genogroup A3 (vvIBDV) with 96.3%-98.5% similarity to the global A3 (vvIBDV) and 88.9%-97% similarity to genogroup A1 vaccine strains. The remaining two isolates were non-vvIBDV and showed 91.1% and 100% identity with classical genogroup A1 strains, respectively. Furthermore, the sequence and phylogenetic analysis of VP1 (amino acids 33-254) of two selected isolates of A3, 5/2017 and 98/2021, clustered them as B2, vvIBDV-like, strains with high similarity (99.5%) to four Egyptian, 99% to Chinese and European, and 97.7% to Chinese and Polish vvIBDV isolates. Experimental infection of commercial broiler chickens with two vvIBDV-A3B2 isolates (5/2017 and 98/2021) showed no mortality despite typical tissue lesions, clear histopathological changes, and strong ELISA antibody response. Isolate 98/2021 was more pathogenic, as confirmed by histopathology, whereas isolate 5/2017 induced a stronger serological response. In conclusion, vvIBDV (A3B2) strains with two amino acid (aa) substitutions in VP1 as V141I and V234I as well as VP2 as Y220F and G254S are still circulating in Egypt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed R Elbestawy
- Department of Bird and Rabbit Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkom 32511, Egypt,
| | - Hatem S Abd El-Hamid
- Department of Bird and Rabbit Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Hany F Ellakany
- Department of Bird and Rabbit Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Gado
- Department of Bird and Rabbit Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Shady H El-Rayes
- Department of Bird and Rabbit Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Salaheldin
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21944, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jaton J, Gómez E, Lucero MS, Rizzi L, Gravisaco MJ, Pinto S, Berinstein A, Chimeno Zoth S. Evasion of maternal antibody protection by an IBDV Argentine variant. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103431. [PMID: 38295501 PMCID: PMC10846382 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a viral disease that affects the ability of chickens to produce humoral immune responses. One way to prevent the disease is the passage of maternally derived antibodies (MDA) from dams to offsprings via the yolk. Despite sanitary measures, which include immunization with genogroup 1 (G1) vaccines, infections with IBDV genogroup 4 (G4) in young animals have been detected. The aim of this study was to determine whether a local IBDV isolate belonging to G4 could evade the immunity generated by MDAs. Twelve-day-old animals positive for MDA, were inoculated with G1 or G4 isolates or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) as a control. After 1 wk, the animals were sacrificed and the following parameters were evaluated: bursa-body (BB) ratio, viral load, and histologic damage in the bursa of Fabricius. Results showed that G4-infected animals had significant differences in the BB ratio compared to the PBS group. In addition, viral load was significantly higher in the G4 group than in the G1 group. Histologic damage in the bursa of Fabricius was detected only in G4-infected MDA chickens. Our results suggest that infection with G4 local isolate can circumvent the immunity generated by MDA and, furthermore, that G4 isolate does not differ in its pathogenicity from G1 isolate, which underlines the need to include variant strains in vaccine formulations to reduce potential losses caused by these viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jaton
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Vacunas Aviares, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Evangelina Gómez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Vacunas Aviares, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Soledad Lucero
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Vacunas Aviares, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucía Rizzi
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Vacunas Aviares, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María José Gravisaco
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Vacunas Aviares, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Pinto
- Cátedra de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Analía Berinstein
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Vacunas Aviares, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Chimeno Zoth
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Vacunas Aviares, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mugunthan SP, Venkatesan D, Govindasamy C, Selvaraj D, Mani Chandra H. A preliminary study of the immunogenic response of plant-derived multi-epitopic peptide vaccine candidate of Mycoplasma gallisepticum in chickens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1298880. [PMID: 38322423 PMCID: PMC10846684 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1298880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is responsible for chronic respiratory disease in avian species, characterized by symptoms like respiratory rales and coughing. Existing vaccines for MG have limited efficacy and require multiple doses. Certain MG cytoadherence proteins (GapA, CrmA, PlpA, and Hlp3) play a crucial role in the pathogen's respiratory tract colonization and infection. Plant-based proteins and therapeutics have gained attention due to their safety and efficiency. In this study, we designed a 21.4-kDa multi-epitope peptide vaccine (MEPV) using immunogenic segments from cytoadherence proteins. The MEPV's effectiveness was verified through computational simulations. We then cloned the MEPV, introduced it into the plant expression vector pSiM24-eGFP, and expressed it in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. The plant-produced MEPV proved to be immunogenic when administered intramuscularly to chickens. It significantly boosted the production of immunoglobulin Y (IgY)-neutralizing antibodies against cytoadherence protein epitopes in immunized chickens compared to that in the control group. This preliminary investigation demonstrates that the plant-derived MEPV is effective in triggering an immune response in chickens. To establish an efficient poultry health management system and ensure the sustainability of the poultry industry, further research is needed to develop avian vaccines using plant biotechnology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chandramohan Govindasamy
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dhivya Selvaraj
- Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, School of Computer Information and Communication Engineering, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Harish Mani Chandra
- Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ji P, Li T, Wu Y, Zhao Q, Li L, Shi X, Jiang W, Wang J, Wang P, Wang T, Jiang D. Virus-like Particle Vaccines of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Expressed in Escherichia coli Are Highly Immunogenic and Protect against Virulent Strain. Viruses 2023; 15:2178. [PMID: 38005855 PMCID: PMC10674347 DOI: 10.3390/v15112178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a highly contagious, acutely infectious agent that causes immunosuppression in chickens. We expressed IBDV VP2 proteins in Escherichia coli (E. coli) to develop an effective virus-like-particles (VLPs) vaccine and evaluated its immunogenicity. METHODS The VLPs produced in E. coli were used as an immunogen mixed with a water-in-mineral-oil adjuvant (MontanideTM ISA 71 VG, ISA 71 RVG) or a white oil (7#) adjuvant. VLPs without an adjuvant, commercial subunit vaccine, inactivated vaccine, and attenuated vaccine were used as controls. These test vaccines were intramuscularly injected into 19-day-old SPF chickens, which were challenged with the IBDV virulent strain at 30 days after vaccination. RESULTS The adjuvants boosted antibody production, and the adjuvant groups (except white oil) produced higher antibody levels than the non-adjuvanted controls and the commercial vaccine groups. In terms of cellular immunity, the VLPs plus adjuvant combinations produced higher levels of cytokines, IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ than the controls. CONCLUSION IBDV VLPs plus the ISA 71 RVG adjuvant can be used as an optimal vaccine combination for improving the immune efficacy of IBD subunit vaccines, which can protect against the virulent strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengchao Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (P.J.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.); (L.L.); (X.S.); (W.J.); (J.W.); (P.W.); (T.W.)
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (P.J.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.); (L.L.); (X.S.); (W.J.); (J.W.); (P.W.); (T.W.)
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yanan Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (P.J.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.); (L.L.); (X.S.); (W.J.); (J.W.); (P.W.); (T.W.)
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (P.J.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.); (L.L.); (X.S.); (W.J.); (J.W.); (P.W.); (T.W.)
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Lu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (P.J.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.); (L.L.); (X.S.); (W.J.); (J.W.); (P.W.); (T.W.)
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xuejian Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (P.J.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.); (L.L.); (X.S.); (W.J.); (J.W.); (P.W.); (T.W.)
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Wenting Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (P.J.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.); (L.L.); (X.S.); (W.J.); (J.W.); (P.W.); (T.W.)
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jiabin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (P.J.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.); (L.L.); (X.S.); (W.J.); (J.W.); (P.W.); (T.W.)
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (P.J.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.); (L.L.); (X.S.); (W.J.); (J.W.); (P.W.); (T.W.)
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (P.J.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.); (L.L.); (X.S.); (W.J.); (J.W.); (P.W.); (T.W.)
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Dawei Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (P.J.); (T.L.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.); (L.L.); (X.S.); (W.J.); (J.W.); (P.W.); (T.W.)
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Longhu Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jaton J, Lucero MS, Richetta M, Pinto S, Gravisaco MJ, Berinstein A, Gómez E, Chimeno Zoth S. Comparative Study of the Immune Response Induced by an Argentinian Classical Strain of IBDV in Two Chicken Breeds. Vet Med Int 2022; 2022:6255367. [PMID: 36483670 PMCID: PMC9726245 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6255367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The hybrid chicken Negra INTA, which originated at the National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), is the product of the cross between Barred Plymouth Rock females and Rhode Island Red males, and it is used as a laying hen for egg consumption. It has been characterized by productive parameters, but the characterization from an immunological perspective has not been done yet. Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes a highly contagious viral disease that affects the bursa of Fabricius. Although most chickens are regularly vaccinated against IBDV, this virus still generates negative impacts on production with significant economic losses. The aim of the present work was to compare the immune responses of the Negra INTA hybrid and the White Leghorn layer line to the infection with a field isolate of IBDV. Four-week-old chickens were infected with a single dose of IBDV and at 3, 5, 7, and 30 days postinfection (dpi), bursae were removed, and different parameters were evaluated. Results showed that the reduction of the bursa body (BB) ratio and the histopathological damage were maximum on day 7 postinfection (pi). The viral load was greater in the hybrid Negra INTA at 5 dpi. The humoral immune response between both breeds was similar, although more animals from the commercial line showed higher titers of neutralizing antibodies. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that Bu+ bursal lymphocytes reached a minimum at 7 dpi. Meanwhile, T cell infiltration measured by the percentage of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ cells in the bursa was at its maximum at 5 dpi. To our knowledge, this work describes for the first time the pathogenesis and the immune response caused by an Argentinian IBDV isolate in two different chicken lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jaton
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Vacunas Aviares, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Soledad Lucero
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Vacunas Aviares, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matías Richetta
- Gerencia de Gestión Estratégica de Procesos Complementarios, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Pinto
- Cátedra de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María José Gravisaco
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Vacunas Aviares, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Analía Berinstein
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Vacunas Aviares, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Evangelina Gómez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Vacunas Aviares, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Chimeno Zoth
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Vacunas Aviares, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chitosan/Calcium-Coated Ginsenoside Rb1 Phosphate Flower-like Microparticles as an Adjuvant to Enhance Immune Responses. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9070355. [PMID: 35878372 PMCID: PMC9316975 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9070355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The field-level control over IBD is primarily via vaccination. The development of high effective IBV vaccine has drawing great attentions worldwide. Herein, the GRb1 was encap-sulated into Calcium phosphate and chitosan core-structure nanoparticles microspheres, which con-stitute a novel system for nanoparticle delivery (GRb1/IL-4@CS/Cap). The new nano-adjuvant de-livery system could induce the activation of chicken dendritic cells ( DCs ), with up-regulate the expression of MHC II and CD80, and increase the production of IL-1β and TNF-α. At the same time, it can trigger higher levels of IBDV-specific IgG and higher IgG2a/IgG1 ratio, and promote the production of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6, IL-1α, and IL-1βand other cytokines in chicken serum after vaccination, it provides an effective adjuvant system for the development of chicken IBDV attenu-ated vaccine. Abstract Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a highly contagious immunocompromising disorder that caused great economic losses in the poultry industry. The field-level control over IBD is primarily via vaccination. The development of a highly effective IBV vaccine has drawn great attention worldwide. Chitosan/Calcium Phosphate (CS/CaP) nanoparticle was a newly developed effective biological delivery system for drug and antigen. Ginsenoside Rb1 is one of the main bioactive components of ginseng root extract, which has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunological enhancement effects. Until now, the combined effect of CS/CaP and ginsenoside Rb1 on the chicken immune response had remained unknown. In this study, the GRb1 and IL-4 were encapsulated into Calcium phosphate and chitosan core structure nanoparticles microspheres (GRb1/IL-4@CS/CaP), and the effect of a newly developed delivery system on an infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) attenuated vaccine was further evaluated. The results demonstrated that GRb1/IL-4@CS/CaP treatment could induce the activation of chicken dendritic cells (DCs), with the upregulated expression of MHCII and CD80, and the increased production of IL-1β and TNF-α. Importantly, GRb1/IL-4@CS/CaP could trigger a higher level of IBDV-specific IgG and a higher ratio of IgG2a/IgG1 than the traditional adjuvant groups, promoting the production of cytokine, including IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6, IL-1α, and IL-1β, in chicken serum after 28 d and 42 d post-vaccine. Taken in all, GRb1/IL-4@CS/CaP could elicit prolonged vigorous immune responses for IBDV attenuated vaccine in chicken, which might provide an effective adjuvant system for avian vaccine development.
Collapse
|
9
|
Bortolami A, Donini M, Marusic C, Lico C, Drissi Touzani C, Gobbo F, Mazzacan E, Fortin A, Panzarin VM, Bonfante F, Baschieri S, Terregino C. Development of a Novel Assay Based on Plant-Produced Infectious Bursal Disease Virus VP3 for the Differentiation of Infected From Vaccinated Animals. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:786871. [PMID: 34950172 PMCID: PMC8689005 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.786871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease virus is the causative agent of Gumboro disease, a severe infection that affects young chickens and is associated with lymphoid depletion in the bursa of Fabricius. Traditional containment strategies are based either on inactivated or live-attenuated vaccines. These approaches have several limitations such as residual virulence or low efficacy in the presence of maternally derived antibodies (MDA) but, most importantly, the impossibility to detect the occurrence of natural infections in vaccinated flocks. Therefore, the development of novel vaccination strategies allowing the differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA) is a priority. Recently, commercial vectored and experimental subunit vaccines based on VP2 have been proved effective in protecting from clinical disease and posed the basis for the development of novel DIVA strategies. In this study, an engineered version of the VP3 protein of IBDV (His-VP3) was produced in plants, successfully purified from Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, and used to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of anti-VP3 antibodies. The His-VP3 ELISA was validated with a panel of 180 reference sera and demonstrated to have 100% sensitivity (95% CI: 94.7-100.0) and 94.17% specificity (95% CI: 88.4-97.6). To evaluate the application of His-VP3 ELISA as a DIVA test, the novel assay was used to monitor, in combination with a commercial kit, detecting anti-VP2 antibodies, the immune response of chickens previously immunized with an inactivated IBDV vaccine, a recombinant Turkey herpes virus carrying the VP2 of IBDV (HVT-ND-IBD) or with plant-produced VP2 particles. The combined tests correctly identified the immune status of the vaccinated specific pathogen free white-leghorn chickens. Moreover, the His-VP3 ELISA correctly detected MDA against VP3 in commercial broiler chicks and showed that antibody titers fade with time, consistent with the natural decrease of maternally derived immunity. Finally, the novel assay, in combination with a VP2-specific ELISA, demonstrated its potential application as a DIVA test in chickens inoculated with VP2-based vaccines, being able to detect the seroconversion after challenge with a very virulent IBDV strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Bortolami
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Legnaro, Italy
| | - Marcello Donini
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, ENEA Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Marusic
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, ENEA Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Lico
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, ENEA Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Charifa Drissi Touzani
- Avian Pathology Unit, Pathology and Veterinary Public Health Department, Agronomic and Veterinary Institute Hassan II, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Federica Gobbo
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Legnaro, Italy
| | - Elisa Mazzacan
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Legnaro, Italy
| | - Andrea Fortin
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Legnaro, Italy
| | - Valentina Maria Panzarin
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Legnaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonfante
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Legnaro, Italy
| | - Selene Baschieri
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, ENEA Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Calogero Terregino
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Legnaro, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lucero MS, Chimeno Zoth S, Jaton J, Gravisaco MJ, Pinto S, Richetta M, Berinstein A, Gómez E. Oral Immunization With Plant-Based Vaccine Induces a Protective Response Against Infectious Bursal Disease. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:741469. [PMID: 34868126 PMCID: PMC8636702 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.741469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is the etiological agent of an immunosuppressive and highly contagious disease that affects young birds causing important economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. We have previously developed a plant-based vaccine candidate for infectious bursal disease (IBD) that is able to protect against infection with IBDV when administered through intramuscular (im) route. Given that oral vaccination is non-invasive and stimulates the immunity of the mucosal gastrointestinal surface, the initial site of contact and entry of IBDV, the aim of this work was to study if our immunogen was also able to elicit a protective immune response when orally administered. We demonstrated that 85% of the animals that received two oral doses of the vaccine formulation and all animals that were orally boosted after an im prime scheme developed virus neutralizing antibodies and were protected against IBDV infection, evidenced by the bursa/body weight (BB) ratio, absence of T-cell infiltration, and low viral load in bursa. Although mild to moderate bursal damage was observed in some of these animals, these lesions were not as severe as the ones observed in challenged control groups, which also presented signs of acute inflammation, bursal atrophy, T-cell infiltration, and absence of viral clearance. These results show that two immunizations with our recombinant immunogen are able to induce a specific and protective immune response in chicken against IBDV when orally administered in a prime/boost scheme or when the oral boost follows an im prime scheme. In conclusion, our oral plant-based vaccine candidate could represent a viable alternative to conventional vaccines and is of great interest to the poultry industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Soledad Lucero
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Vacunas Aviares, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Chimeno Zoth
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Vacunas Aviares, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Jaton
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Vacunas Aviares, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María José Gravisaco
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Vacunas Aviares, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Pinto
- Cátedra de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matías Richetta
- Gerencia de Gestión Estratégica de Procesos Complementarios, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Analía Berinstein
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Vacunas Aviares, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Evangelina Gómez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Vacunas Aviares, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular, INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shi X, Li J, Huang A, Song S, Yang Z. Assessing the Outbreak Risk of Epidemics Using Fuzzy Evidential Reasoning. RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2021; 41:2046-2064. [PMID: 33864640 PMCID: PMC8251401 DOI: 10.1111/risa.13730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Epidemic diseases (EDs) present a significant but challenging risk endangering public health, evidenced by the outbreak of COVID-19. Compared to other risks affecting public health such as flooding, EDs attract little attention in terms of risk assessment in the current literature. It does not well respond to the high practical demand for advanced techniques capable of tackling ED risks. To bridge this gap, an adapted fuzzy evidence reasoning method is proposed to realize the quantitative analysis of ED outbreak risk assessment (EDRA) with high uncertainty in risk data. The novelty of this article lies in (1) taking the lead to establish the outbreak risk evaluation system of epidemics covering the whole epidemic developing process, (2) combining quantitative and qualitative analysis in the fields of epidemic risk evaluation, (3) collecting substantial first-hand data by reviewing transaction data and interviewing the frontier experts and policymakers from Chinese Centers for Disease Control and Chinese National Medical Products Administration. This work provides useful insights for the regulatory bodies to (1) understand the risk levels of different EDs in a quantitative manner and (2) the sensitivity of different EDs to the identified risk factors for their effective control. For instance, in the case study, we use real data to disclose that influenza has the highest breakout risk level in Beijing. The proposed method also provides a potential tool for evaluating the outbreak risk of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianliang Shi
- School of Economics and ManagementBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jiangning Li
- School of Economics and ManagementBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijingChina
- Chinese National Medical Products AdministrationBeijingChina
| | - Anqiang Huang
- School of Economics and ManagementBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Shaohua Song
- School of Economics and ManagementBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zaili Yang
- School of Maritime and Mechancial EngineeringJohn Moores Liverpool UniversityLiverpoolUK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Characterizations of glucose-rich polysaccharides from Amomum longiligulare T.L. Wu fruits and their effects on immunogenicities of infectious bursal disease virus VP2 protein. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1574-1584. [PMID: 34044027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the characterization of Amomum longiligulare T.L. Wu fruits polysaccharide (ALP) and their immune enhancement effects. Two homogeneous polysaccharides (ALP1 and ALP2) were isolated from the fruits. The structural characterization results showed that ALP1 (26.10 kDa) and ALP2 (64.10 kDa) were both mainly composed of glucose. Furthermore, ALP1 was consisted of (1,2)-α-D-Glcp, (1,2,3)-α-D-Glcp and T-α-D-Glcp, while ALP2 was consisted of T-α-D-Glcp, (1,3)-α-D-Glcp and (1,3,6)-α-D-Glcp. Afterwards, the immune enhancement effects of two polysaccharides were evaluated by determining their effects on immunogenicities of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) VP2 protein. Chickens were immunized with IBDV VP2 protein accompanied with ALP1/ALP2. And the results indicated both ALP1 and ALP2 promoted the weights and bursa of fabricius indexes of chickens. In addition, both two polysaccharides increased specific IBDV antibody levels, while ALP1 possessed higher immune enhancement ability and was expected to be an adjuvant for IBDV VP2 protein.
Collapse
|
13
|
Marusic C, Drissi Touzani C, Bortolami A, Donini M, Zanardello C, Lico C, Rage E, Fellahi S, El Houadfi M, Terregino C, Baschieri S. The expression in plants of an engineered VP2 protein of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus induces formation of structurally heterogeneous particles that protect from a very virulent viral strain. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247134. [PMID: 33592038 PMCID: PMC7886152 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV), the etiological agent of Gumboro disease, causes mortality and immunosuppression in chickens and major losses to poultry industry worldwide. The IBDV major capsid protein VP2 is considered the best candidate for the production of novel subunit vaccines. This structural protein contains the major conformational epitopes responsible for the induction of IBDV neutralizing antibodies in chickens and has been demonstrated able to form supramolecular structures in yeast and insect cells. The aim of this study was to express an engineered version of the VP2 protein (His-pVP2) to verify its ability to self-assemble into virus-like particles in plants. The recombinant VP2 was transiently expressed by agroinfiltration in Nicotiana benthamiana and transmission electron microscopy of sucrose density gradient fractions revealed the presence of a mixed population of differently shaped particles ranging from spherical capsids, with a diameter between ~25 and ~70 nm, to tubular structures, with variable length (from 100 to 400 nm). The recombinant VP2-based particles when used for the intramuscular immunization of specific-pathogen-free chicks resulted able to induce the production of anti-IBDV specific antibodies at titers comparable to those induced by a commercial vaccine. Moreover, all the immunized birds survived to the challenge with a Moroccan very virulent IBDV strain with no major histomorphological alterations of the Bursa of Fabricius, similarly to what obtained with the commercial inactivated vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Marusic
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, ENEA Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Charifa Drissi Touzani
- Avian Pathology Unit, Pathology and Veterinary Public Health Department, Agronomy and Veterinary Institute Hassan II, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Alessio Bortolami
- Specialized Virology and Experimental Research Department Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Marcello Donini
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, ENEA Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Zanardello
- Diagnostic Services, Histopathology, Parasitology Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Chiara Lico
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, ENEA Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Emile Rage
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, ENEA Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Siham Fellahi
- Avian Pathology Unit, Pathology and Veterinary Public Health Department, Agronomy and Veterinary Institute Hassan II, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohammed El Houadfi
- Avian Pathology Unit, Pathology and Veterinary Public Health Department, Agronomy and Veterinary Institute Hassan II, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Calogero Terregino
- Specialized Virology and Experimental Research Department Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Selene Baschieri
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, ENEA Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Development of a Viral-Like Particle Candidate Vaccine Against Novel Variant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9020142. [PMID: 33579020 PMCID: PMC7916800 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9020142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease (IBD), an immunosuppressive disease of young chickens, is caused by infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Novel variant IBDV (nVarIBDV), a virus that can evade immune protection against very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV), is becoming a threat to the poultry industry. Therefore, nVarIBDV-specific vaccine is much needed for nVarIBDV control. In this study, the VP2 protein of SHG19 (a representative strain of nVarIBDV) was successfully expressed using an Escherichia coli expression system and further purified via ammonium sulfate precipitation and size-exclusion chromatography. The purified protein SHG19-VP2-466 could self-assemble into 25-nm virus-like particle (VLP). Subsequently, the immunogenicity and protective effect of the SHG19-VLP vaccine were evaluated using animal experiments, which indicated that the SHG19-VLP vaccine elicited neutralization antibodies and provided 100% protection against the nVarIBDV. Furthermore, the protective efficacy of the SHG19-VLP vaccine against the vvIBDV was evaluated. Although the SHG19-VLP vaccine induced a comparatively lower vvIBDV-specific neutralization antibody titer, it provided good protection against the lethal vvIBDV. In summary, the SHG19-VLP candidate vaccine could provide complete immune protection against the homologous nVarIBDV as well as the heterologous vvIBDV. This study is of significance to the comprehensive prevention and control of the recent atypical IBD epidemic.
Collapse
|
15
|
Li G, Kuang H, Guo H, Cai L, Chu D, Wang X, Hu J, Rong J. Development of a recombinant VP2 vaccine for the prevention of novel variant strains of infectious bursal disease virus. Avian Pathol 2020; 49:557-571. [PMID: 32658552 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2020.1791314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Since 2017, novel variant strains of infectious bursal disease virus (nvIBDV) have been detected in China, while the current vaccines on the market against very virulent IBDV have limited protection against this subtype virus. In this context, a strain of the virus has been isolated, and sequencing alignment and bird regression experiments showed that the virus was IBDV, belonging to the nvIBDV subtype (and named IBDV FJ-1812). Furthermore, the Escherichia coli expression system was used to successfully express soluble nvIBDV rVP2, which is specifically recognized by an anti-IBDV standard serum and anti-nvIBDV positive serum, and could be assembled into 14 - 17 nm virus-like particles. Based on the purified nvIBDV rVP2, we developed an IBDV FJ-1812 VP2 VLP vaccine at a laboratory scale to evaluate protection by this vaccine; in addition, we also prepared an IBDV JZ 3/02 VP2 subunit vaccine targeting very virulent IBDV and evaluated its cross-protection against nvIBDV. Results of bird experiments showed that the nvIBDV rVP2 vaccine could induce high titres of specific antibodies, completely protect the bursa of Fabricius from viral infection, and provide 100% immune protection to SPF and Ross 308 broiler chickens. Furthermore, the IBDV JZ 3/02 VP2 subunit vaccine targeting very virulent IBDV could provide 60% protection for SPF chickens and 80% protection for Ross 308 broiler chickens. This report provides important technical supports for the prevention and control of nvIBDV in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guopan Li
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Kuang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaxiong Guo
- Department of Pathology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianshen Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering Vaccine, Qingdao Yebio Biological Engineering Co., Ltd., Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Dianfeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering Vaccine, Qingdao Yebio Biological Engineering Co., Ltd., Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixiong Hu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Rong
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering Vaccine, Qingdao Yebio Biological Engineering Co., Ltd., Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Shahid N, Samiullah TR, Shakoor S, Latif A, Yasmeen A, Azam S, Shahid AA, Husnain T, Rao AQ. Early Stage Development of a Newcastle Disease Vaccine Candidate in Corn. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:499. [PMID: 33062645 PMCID: PMC7476220 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) is a viral disease that causes labored breathing, periorbital oedema, and ataxia in the majority of avian species. The available vaccines against Newcastle disease virus (NDV) are limited, owing to their low reactivity and multiple dosage requirements. Plant-based machinery provides an attractive and safe system for vaccine production. In the current study, we attempted to express fusion (F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) proteins (the protective antigens against NDV) under constitutive 35S and seed-specific Zein promoters, respectively. Almost 2-7.1-fold higher expression of F gene mRNA in transgenic corn leaves and 8-28-fold higher expression of HN gene mRNA in transgenic corn seeds were observed, when the expression was analyzed by real-time PCR on a relative basis as compared to non-transgenic control plant material (Leaves and seeds). Similarly, 1.66 μg/ml of F protein in corn leaves, i.e., 0.5% of total soluble protein, and 2.4 μg/ml of HN protein in corn seed, i.e., 0.8% of total seed protein, were found when calculated through ELISA. Similar levels of immunological response were generated in chicks immunized through injection of E. coli-produced pET F and pET HN protein as in chickens orally fed leaves and seeds of maize with expressed immunogenic protein. Moreover, the detection of anti-NDV antibodies in the sera of chickens that were fed maize with immunogenic protein, and the absence of these antibodies in chickens fed a normal diet, confirmed the specificity of the antibodies generated through feeding, and demonstrated the potential of utilizing plants for producing more vaccine doses, vaccine generation at higher levels and against other infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naila Shahid
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Sana Shakoor
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Latif
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Yasmeen
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saira Azam
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Ali Shahid
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tayyab Husnain
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qayyum Rao
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gómez E, Cassani MF, Lucero MS, Parreño V, Chimeno Zoth S, Berinstein A. Development of diagnostic tools for IBDV detection using plants as bioreactors. AMB Express 2020; 10:95. [PMID: 32436057 PMCID: PMC7239984 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-01029-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is the etiological agent of an immunosuppressive and highly contagious disease that affects young birds, thus causing important economic losses in the poultry industry. Multimeric particles with different architectures based on the capsid protein VP2 have been widely produced for different purposes. We hereby show the production and easy recovery of IBDV subviral particles (SVP) from transiently transformed Nicotiana benthamiana. The SVP, which were observed by electronic microscopy, proved to be antigenically and immunogenically similar to the virion. Indeed, anti-IBDV antibodies from samples of infected birds recognized these SVP and, when injected intramuscularly, these subviral particles also evoked a humoral immune response in chickens. We developed an in-house ELISA using SVP as coating reagent that demonstrated to be highly accurate and in good agreement with a commercial ELISA. This study demonstrates that the recombinant antigen generated and the technology used to produce it are suitable for developing a diagnostic tool against Infectious bursal disease.
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang Z, Liu G, Ma R, Qi X, Wang G, Zhu B, Ling F. The immunoprotective effect of whole-cell lysed inactivated vaccine with SWCNT as a carrier against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in grass carp. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 97:336-343. [PMID: 31874296 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.12.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is a strong gram-negative bacterium that can cause a mass death of grass carp, and result in the huge economic loss. Development of practical vaccines is the best way to control the outbreak of this bacterial disease. In this study, a whole-cell inactivated vaccine was obtained via sonication, and then single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) was used to link to the bacterial lysate (BL) for a novel vaccine (SWCNTs-BL). A total of 400 fish were vaccinated with BL and SWCNTs-BL via immersion (5, 10 mg L-1) or injection (5, 10 μg/fish) before challenge with live A. hydrophila at the 28 days post immunization (d.p.i.). The results showed that the antibody titer, enzymatic activity, expression of some immune-related genes (especially IgM and TNF-α) and RPS of fish in the injection groups were significantly increased compared to the control group after 28 d.p.i. For the immersion groups, immunological parameters were increased compared to the control group. Furthermore, the immuno-protective effects of SWCNTs-BL were better than BL. The above results indicated that BL of A. hydrophila can effectively induce specific immune response of grass carp, and BL linked with functionalized SWCNTs could enhance the protective effect of immersion immunization. Our results may provide a practical vaccine, with a simple production, to fight against bacterial diseases in aquaculture industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Gaoyang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Rui Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiaozhou Qi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Gaoxue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Fei Ling
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Current state-of-the-art in the use of plants for the production of recombinant vaccines against infectious bursal disease virus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:2287-2296. [PMID: 31980920 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10397-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease is a widely spread threatening contagious viral infection of chickens that induces major damages to the Bursa of Fabricius and leads to severe immunosuppression in young birds causing significant economic losses for poultry farming. The etiological agent is the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), a non-enveloped virus belonging the family of Birnaviridae. At present, the treatment against the spread of this virus is represented by vaccination schedules mainly based on inactivated or live-attenuated viruses. However, these conventional vaccines present several drawbacks such as insufficient protection against very virulent strains and the impossibility to differentiate vaccinated animals from infected ones. To overcome these limitations, in the last years, several studies have explored the potentiality of recombinant subunit vaccines to provide an effective protection against IBDV infection. In this review, we will give an overview of these novel types of vaccines with special emphasis on current state-of-the-art in the use of plants as "biofactories" (plant molecular farming). In fact, plants have been thoroughly and successfully characterized as heterologous expression systems for the production of recombinant proteins for different applications showing several advantages compared with traditional expression systems (Escherichia coli, yeasts and insect cells) such as absence of animal pathogens in the production process, improved product quality and safety, reduction of manufacturing costs, and simplified scale-up.
Collapse
|