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Parvin MK, Sadekuzzaman M, Haque ME, Haque MA, Kamal MM, Hayat S, Rahman MT, Siddique MP, Nahar SS, Khasruzzaman AKM, Hossain MT, Islam MA. Characterization of predominant genotype (QX) of avian infectious bronchitis virus isolated from layer chickens in Bangladesh. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103992. [PMID: 38996739 PMCID: PMC11283218 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Avian infectious bronchitis (AIB) is a highly transmissible infection that affects the poultry industry globally. This study aims to isolate and characterize emerging strains of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) from field samples of layer chickens in Bangladesh. A total of 108 samples (trachea, lung, and kidney) were taken from dead and sick layer chickens from 18 farms in 4 areas detecting outbreaks in Bangladesh. The samples were processed and inoculated in embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs) and finally screened by the trypsin-induced hemagglutination (THA) test. Using various techniques such as hemagglutination inhibition (HI), agar gel immuno-diffusion (AGID), virus neutralization test (VNT), reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and nucleotide sequencing, we were able to identify and confirm the isolated IBV viruses. The study also determined the hemagglutination (HA) pattern of isolated virus using avian and mammalian red blood cells. The pathogenicity of the isolated IBV was determined using embryonated chicken eggs and day-old chicks. The study found that 8 samples were positive for IBV using ECEs, and 4 were positive by the THA test. These isolates were confirmed using HI, AGID, and VN tests. S1 gene-based RT-PCR confirmed all four isolates as IBV, with the recent isolates belonging to the genotype-QX and being similar to IBV isolates from Thailand, Saudi Arabia, and India. The HA pattern of the recent isolates showed that the isolated IBV was virulent. The pathogenicity test also revealed that the four isolates were highly pathogenic. The study indicated that the prevalent genotype (QX) of the IBV strain is present in the layer chicken population of Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mst Kohinoor Parvin
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Sadekuzzaman
- Department of Livestock Services, Central Disease Investigation Laboratory, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Enamul Haque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sheikh Hasina University of Science and Technology, Bhairab 2350, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Aynul Haque
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mostofa Kamal
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Sajedul Hayat
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Tanvir Rahman
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mahbubul Pratik Siddique
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Sham Soun Nahar
- Livestock Research Institute, Mohakhali, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh
| | - A K M Khasruzzaman
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Tofazzal Hossain
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Alimul Islam
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.
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Li SY, Shen YX, Xiang XL, Li YX, Li NL, Wang AD, Cui M, Han XF, Huang Y, Xia J. The conserved L1089 in the S2 subunit of avian infectious bronchitis virus determines viral kidney tropism by disrupting virus-cell fusion. Vet Microbiol 2023; 277:109619. [PMID: 36525909 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The virulence of avian gamma-coronavirus infectious bronchitis viruses (IBV) for the kidney has led to high mortality in dominant-genotype isolations, but the key sites of viral protein that determine kidney tropism are still not fully clear. In this study, the amino acid sequences of the S2 subunit of IBVs with opposing adaptivity to chicken embryonic kidney cells (CEKs) were aligned to identify putative sites associated with differences in viral adaptability. The S2 gene and the putative sites of the non-adapted CN strain were introduced into the CEKs-adapted SczyC30 strain to rescue seven mutants. Analysis of growth characteristics showed that the replacement of the entire S2 subunit and the L1089I substitution in the S2 subunit entirely abolished the proliferation of recombinant IBV in CEKs as well as in primary chicken oviduct epithelial cells. Pathogenicity assays also support the decisive role of this L1089 for viral nephrotropism, and this non-nephrotropic L1089I substitution significantly attenuates pathogenicity. Analysis of the putative cause of proliferation inhibition in CEKs suggests that the L1089I substitution affects neither virus attachment nor endocytosis, but instead fails to form double-membrane vesicles to initiate the viral replication and translation. Position 1089 of the IBV S2 subunit is conservative and predicted to lie in heptad repeat 2 domains. It is therefore reasonable to conclude that the L1089I substitution alters the nephrotropism of parent strain by affecting virus-cell fusion. These findings provide crucial insights into the adaptive mechanisms of IBV and have applications in the development of vaccines and drugs against IB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Xi Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Xue-Lian Xiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Yong-Xin Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Nian-Ling Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - An-Dong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Min Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Xin-Feng Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Yong Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
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Weng W, Liu Q, Xue W, Wang H, Fang S, Sun Y, Tan L, Song C, Qiu X, Liu W, Ding C, Liao Y. Characterization of the Protective Efficacy Against QX Strain of a Recombinant Infectious Bronchitis Virus With H120 Backbone and QX Spike Gene. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:883642. [PMID: 35783402 PMCID: PMC9247577 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.883642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) has been prevalent in chicken farms for many years, and its control relies on extensive vaccine administration. The continuous emergence of new variants and the low cross-protection efficiency prompt the development of new vaccines. In this study, we develop a reverse genetics technique based on the classical vaccine strain H120 genome, via in vitro ligation method. Using the H120 genome as the backbone, we constructed the recombinant virus rH120-QX(S) by replacing the H120 S gene with the QX S gene, a prevalent strain in China. Biological characteristics of the rH120-QX(S) virus, such as 50% egg lethal dose (ELD50), 50% egg infectious dose (EID50), dwarf embryo, growth curve, and genetic stability, are measured, which are comparable to the parental virus H120. There are no clinical symptoms and tissue lesions in the trachea and kidney in the rH120-QX(S)-infected specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens, demonstrating that this recombinant virus does not confer pathogenicity. Furthermore, protection studies show that there is 100% homologous protection of rH120-QX(S) to the virulent QX strain, as shown by the absence of clinical signs and no lethality. Taken together, our results demonstrate that swapping the S gene onto the H120 genetic backbone is a precise and effective way to produce genetically defined IBV vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlian Weng
- Department of Avian Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingyan Liu
- Department of Avian Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- College of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Wenxiang Xue
- Department of Avian Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Avian Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shouguo Fang
- College of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Department of Avian Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Tan
- Department of Avian Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuiping Song
- Department of Avian Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xusheng Qiu
- Department of Avian Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Avian Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chan Ding
- Department of Avian Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ying Liao
- Department of Avian Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Liao
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Genetic Analysis of the Complete S1 Gene in Japanese Infectious Bronchitis Virus Strains. Viruses 2022; 14:v14040716. [PMID: 35458447 PMCID: PMC9029843 DOI: 10.3390/v14040716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The complete nucleotide sequence of the S1 glycoprotein gene of the Japanese infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) strains was determined and genetically analyzed. A total of 61 Japanese IBV strains were classified into seven genotypes, namely GI-1, 3, 7, 13, 18, 19, and GVI-1 using the classification scheme that was proposed by Valastro et al, with three exceptions. These genotypes practically corresponded to those defined in Japan, namely Mass, Gray, JP-II, 4/91, JP-I, JP-III, and JP-IV, which have been identified through their partial nucleotide sequences containing hypervariable regions 1 and 2. In addition, three exceptive strains were considered to be derived from recombination within the S1 gene of IBV strains G1-13 and GI-19. By analyzing the amino acid polymorphism of the S1 glycoprotein among Japanese genotypes, a diversity was observed based on the genotype-specific amino acid residue, the proteolytic cleavage motif at the S1/S2 cleavage site, and the position of the potential N-glycosylation sites.
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5
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Li N, Huang C, Chen W, Li Z, Hu G, Li G, Liu P, Hu R, Zhuang Y, Luo J, Gao X, Guo X. Nephropathogenic Infectious Bronchitis Virus Mediates Kidney Injury in Chickens via the TLR7/NF-κB Signaling Axis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:865283. [PMID: 35402297 PMCID: PMC8983847 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.865283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (NIBV) is one of the most important viral pathogens in the world poultry industry. Here, we used RT–qPCR, WB and immunofluorescence to explore the interaction between NIBV and the host innate immune system of the kidney. Multiple virions were found in the kidney tissues of the disease group under electron microscopy, and pathological changes such as structural damage of renal tubules and bleeding were observed by HE staining. In addition, we found that the mRNA levels of TLR7, TRAF6, and IKKβ were upregulated after NIBV infection. IRF7 mRNA levels decreased significantly at 5 dpi and increased significantly at 11 to 18 dpi. The NF-κB P65 mRNA level increased significantly at 5 to 18 dpi and decreased at 28 dpi. However, NIBV infection-induced NF-κB P65 protein levels were downregulated at multiple time points. Moreover, we demonstrated that the cytokine (IFN-γ, IL-8, and IL-6) mRNA and protein expression levels were increased significantly at multiple time points after NIBV infection. Furthermore, immunofluorescence analysis showed that NF-κB P65 and IFN-γ were mainly located in the nuclear or perinuclear region. The positive signal intensity of NF-κB P65 was significantly lower than that of the normal group at 1 to 5 dpi, and there was no significant change in the subsequent time period. The positive signal intensity of IFN-γ decreased significantly at 5 dpi, and increased significantly at 11 to 28 dpi. In conclusion, we found that NIBV promoted cytokine release through the TLR7/NF-κB signaling axis, thus causing kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaona Gao
- *Correspondence: Xiaoquan Guo, ; Xiaona Gao,
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Klestova ZS, Voronina AK, Yushchenko AY, Vatlitsova OS, Dorozinsky GV, Ushenin YV, Maslov VP, Doroshenko TP, Kravchenko SA. Aspects of "antigen-antibody" interaction of chicken infectious bronchitis virus determined by surface plasmon resonance. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 264:120236. [PMID: 34358781 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Authors performed investigation on "antigen-antibody" interaction of chicken infectious bronchitis coronavirus (IBV) by a method based on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Presence of space-size effect related to a difference between antigen and antibody particle sizes has been theoretically grounded and experimentally proven. Herewith, the difference between responses of the SPR-sensor to specific and non-specific interactions is considerably less (up to 6.3 times) than the expected one (8 - 11 times). An impact of functionalization of sensor's sensitive element surface, as well as acidity of buffer solution on the activity of antigen-antibody interaction was studied here. The difference between sensor's responses to specific and non-specific interactions increased two-fold from 200 to 432ang sec due to this treatment. When changing the acidity of analyzed solution from pH7.3 to pH6.8, the corresponding difference between sensor's responses increased by 6.3 times from 194 up to 1235ang.sec. Thus, an impact of space-size effect on interaction between IBV antigen and specific antibody can be considerably (almost in 3 times) decreased by reducing the acidity of used buffer solution. The results of our investigation can be successfully applied to develop new methods for detection of pathogens and specific antibodies using SPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z S Klestova
- State Scientific-Control Institute of Biotechnology and Strains of Microorganisms, Department of Biotechnology and Quality Control of Viral Drugs, 30 Donetska Str, 03151 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - A K Voronina
- State Scientific-Control Institute of Biotechnology and Strains of Microorganisms, Department of Biotechnology and Quality Control of Viral Drugs, 30 Donetska Str, 03151 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - A Yu Yushchenko
- State Scientific-Control Institute of Biotechnology and Strains of Microorganisms, Department of Biotechnology and Quality Control of Viral Drugs, 30 Donetska Str, 03151 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - O S Vatlitsova
- State Scientific-Control Institute of Biotechnology and Strains of Microorganisms, Department of Biotechnology and Quality Control of Viral Drugs, 30 Donetska Str, 03151 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - G V Dorozinsky
- V.Ye. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Department of Physics technological bases of sensory materials, 41 Nauki Ave, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Yu V Ushenin
- V.Ye. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Department of Physics technological bases of sensory materials, 41 Nauki Ave, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - V P Maslov
- V.Ye. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Department of Physics technological bases of sensory materials, 41 Nauki Ave, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - T P Doroshenko
- V.Ye. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Department of Physics technological bases of sensory materials, 41 Nauki Ave, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - S A Kravchenko
- V.Ye. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Department of Physics technological bases of sensory materials, 41 Nauki Ave, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
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Nath B, Morla S, Kumar S. Reverse Genetics and Its Usage in the Development of Vaccine Against Poultry Diseases. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2411:77-92. [PMID: 34816399 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1888-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines are the most effective and economic way of combating poultry viruses. However, the use of traditional live-attenuated poultry vaccines has problems such as antigenic differences with the currently circulating strains of viruses and the risk of reversion to virulence. In veterinary medicine, reverse genetics is applied to solve these problems by developing genotype-matched vaccines, better attenuated and effective live vaccines, broad-spectrum vaccine vectors, bivalent vaccines, and genetically tagged recombinant vaccines that facilitate the serological differentiation of vaccinated animals from infected animals. In this chapter, we discuss reverse genetics as a tool for the development of recombinant vaccines against economically devastating poultry viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barnali Nath
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Sudhir Morla
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India.
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Towards Improved Use of Vaccination in the Control of Infectious Bronchitis and Newcastle Disease in Poultry: Understanding the Immunological Mechanisms. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9010020. [PMID: 33406695 PMCID: PMC7823560 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious bronchitis (IB) and Newcastle disease (ND) are two important diseases of poultry and have remained a threat to the development of the poultry industry in many parts of the world. The immunology of avian has been well studied and numerous vaccines have been developed against the two viruses. Most of these vaccines are either inactivated vaccines or live attenuated vaccines. Inactivated vaccines induce weak cellular immune responses and require priming with live or other types of vaccines. Advanced technology has been used to produce several types of vaccines that can initiate prime immune responses. However, as a result of rapid genetic variations, the control of these two viral infections through vaccination has remained a challenge. Using various strategies such as combination of live attenuated and inactivated vaccines, development of IB/ND vaccines, use of DNA vaccines and transgenic plant vaccines, the problem is being surmounted. It is hoped that with increasing understanding of the immunological mechanisms in birds that are used in fighting these viruses, a more successful control of the diseases will be achieved. This will go a long way in contributing to global food security and the economic development of many developing countries, given the role of poultry in the attainment of these goals.
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Jiang Y, Gao M, Cheng X, Yu Y, Shen X, Li J, Zhou S. The V617I Substitution in Avian Coronavirus IBV Spike Protein Plays a Crucial Role in Adaptation to Primary Chicken Kidney Cells. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:604335. [PMID: 33391226 PMCID: PMC7775488 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.604335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The naturally isolated avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) generally cannot replicate in chicken kidney (CK) cells. To explore the molecular mechanism of IBV adapting to CK cells, a series of recombinant viruses were constructed by chimerizing the S genes of CK cell-adapted strain H120 and non-adapted strain IBYZ. The results showed that the S2 subunit determines the difference in cell tropism of the two strains. After comparing the amino acid sequences of S protein of CK cell-adapted strain YZ120, with its parental strain IBYZ, three amino acid substitutions, A138V, L581F, and V617I, were identified. Using YZ120 as the backbone, one or more of the above-mentioned substitutions were eliminated to verify the correlation between these sites and CK cell tropism. The results showed that the CK cell tropism of the YZ120 strain depends on the V617I substitution, the change of L581F promoted the adaptation in CK cells, and the change at 138 position was not directly related to the CK cell tropism. Further validation experiments also showed that V617I had a decisive role in the adaptation of IBV to CK cells, but other areas of the virus genome also affected the replication efficiency of the virus in CK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jiang
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science (CAAS), Yangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Animal Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mingyan Gao
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science (CAAS), Yangzhou, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science (CAAS), Yangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science (CAAS), Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Shen
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science (CAAS), Yangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Animal Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianmei Li
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science (CAAS), Yangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zhou
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science (CAAS), Yangzhou, China
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10
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Alavi M, Asare-Addo K, Nokhodchi A. Lectin Protein as a Promising Component to Functionalize Micelles, Liposomes and Lipid NPs against Coronavirus. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E580. [PMID: 33297444 PMCID: PMC7762367 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of a novel strain coronavirus as the causative agent of COVID-19 pneumonia, first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019, has resulted in considerable focus on virulence abilities of coronavirus. Lectins are natural proteins with the ability to bind specific carbohydrates related to various microorganisms, including viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. Lectins have the ability to agglutinate and neutralize these pathogeneses. The delivery of the encapsulated antiviral agents or vaccines across the cell membrane can be possible by functionalized micellar and liposomal formulations. In this mini-review, recent advances and challenges related to important lectins with inhibition activities against coronaviruses are presented to obtain a novel viewpoint of microformulations or nanoformulations by micellar and liposomal cell-binding carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Alavi
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah 67146, Iran
| | - Kofi Asare-Addo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK;
| | - Ali Nokhodchi
- Pharmaceuics Research Laboratory, Arundel Building, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK
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Lv C, Shi T, Zhu P, Peng X, Cao S, Yan Y, Ojha NK, Liao M, Zhou J. Construction of an infectious bronchitis virus vaccine strain carrying chimeric S1 gene of a virulent isolate and its pathogenicity analysis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:8427-8437. [PMID: 32813067 PMCID: PMC7434845 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10834-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a member of genus gamma-coronavirus in the family Coronaviridae, causing serious economic losses to the poultry industry. Reverse genetics is a common technique to study the biological characteristics of viruses. So far, there is no BAC reverse genetic system available for rescue of IBV infectious clone. In the present study, a new strategy for the construction of IBV infectious cDNA clone was established. The full-length genomic cDNA of IBV vaccine strain H120 was constructed in pBAC vector from four IBV fragment subcloning vectors by homologous recombination, which contained the CMV promoter at the 5′ end and the hepatitis D virus ribozyme (HDVR) sequence and bovine growth hormone polyadenylation (BGH) sequence after the polyA tail at the 3′ end of the full-length cDNA. Subsequently, using the same technique, another plasmid pBAC-H120/SCS1 was also constructed, in which S1 gene from IBV H120 strain was replaced with that of a virulent SC021202 strain. Recombinant virus rH120 and rH120/SCS1 were rescued by transfecting the plasmids into BHK cells and passaged in embryonated chicken eggs. Finally, the pathogenicity of both the recombinant virus strains rH120 and rH120/SCS1 was evaluated in SPF chickens. The results showed that the chimeric rH120/SCS1 strain was not pathogenic compared with the wild-type IBV SC021202 strain and the chickens inoculated with rH120/SCS1 could resist challenge infection by IBV SC021202. Taken together, our results indicate that BAC reverse genetic system could be used to rescue IBV in vitro and IBV S1 protein alone might not be the key factor for IBV pathogenicity. Key points • BAC vector was used to construct IBV full-length cDNA by homologous recombination. • Based on four subcloning vectors, a recombinant chimeric IBV H120/SCS1 was constructed and rescued. • Pathogenicity of H120/SCS1 was similar to that of H120, but different to that of SC021202.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfei Lv
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengpeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangshang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Nishant Kumar Ojha
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Liao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiyong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
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Keep S, Stevenson-Leggett P, Steyn A, Oade MS, Webb I, Stuart J, Vervelde L, Britton P, Maier HJ, Bickerton E. Temperature Sensitivity: A Potential Method for the Generation of Vaccines against the Avian Coronavirus Infectious Bronchitis Virus. Viruses 2020; 12:E754. [PMID: 32674326 PMCID: PMC7412246 DOI: 10.3390/v12070754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a highly contagious economically important respiratory pathogen of domestic fowl. Reverse genetics allows for the molecular study of pathogenic determinants to enable rational vaccine design. The recombinant IBV (rIBV) Beau-R, a molecular clone of the apathogenic Beaudette strain, has previously been investigated as a vaccine platform. To determine tissues in which Beau-R could effectively deliver antigenic genes, an in vivo study in chickens, the natural host, was used to compare the pattern of viral dissemination of Beau-R to the pathogenic strain M41-CK. Replication of Beau-R was found to be restricted to soft tissue within the beak, whereas M41-CK was detected in beak tissue, trachea and eyelid up to seven days post infection. In vitro assays further identified that, unlike M41-CK, Beau-R could not replicate at 41 °C, the core body temperature of a chicken, but is able to replicate a 37 °C, a temperature relatable to the very upper respiratory tract. Using a panel of rIBVs with defined mutations in the structural and accessory genes, viral replication at permissive and non-permissive temperatures was investigated, identifying that the Beau-R replicase gene was a determinant of temperature sensitivity and that sub-genomic mRNA synthesis had been affected. The identification of temperature sensitive allelic lesions within the Beau-R replicase gene opens up the possibility of using this method of attenuation in other IBV strains for future vaccine development as well as a method to investigate the functions of the IBV replicase proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Keep
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK; (S.K.); (P.S.-L.); (A.S.); (M.S.O.); (I.W.); (J.S.); (P.B.); (H.J.M.)
| | - Phoebe Stevenson-Leggett
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK; (S.K.); (P.S.-L.); (A.S.); (M.S.O.); (I.W.); (J.S.); (P.B.); (H.J.M.)
| | - Angela Steyn
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK; (S.K.); (P.S.-L.); (A.S.); (M.S.O.); (I.W.); (J.S.); (P.B.); (H.J.M.)
| | - Michael S. Oade
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK; (S.K.); (P.S.-L.); (A.S.); (M.S.O.); (I.W.); (J.S.); (P.B.); (H.J.M.)
| | - Isobel Webb
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK; (S.K.); (P.S.-L.); (A.S.); (M.S.O.); (I.W.); (J.S.); (P.B.); (H.J.M.)
| | - Jamie Stuart
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK; (S.K.); (P.S.-L.); (A.S.); (M.S.O.); (I.W.); (J.S.); (P.B.); (H.J.M.)
| | - Lonneke Vervelde
- Division of Infection and Immunity, The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick), School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK;
| | - Paul Britton
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK; (S.K.); (P.S.-L.); (A.S.); (M.S.O.); (I.W.); (J.S.); (P.B.); (H.J.M.)
| | - Helena J. Maier
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK; (S.K.); (P.S.-L.); (A.S.); (M.S.O.); (I.W.); (J.S.); (P.B.); (H.J.M.)
| | - Erica Bickerton
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK; (S.K.); (P.S.-L.); (A.S.); (M.S.O.); (I.W.); (J.S.); (P.B.); (H.J.M.)
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