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Yu J, Huang C, Wang Z, Kaushik RS, Sheng Z, Li F, Wang D. Development and characterization of an inducible assay system to measure Zika virus capsid interactions. J Med Virol 2022; 94:5392-5400. [PMID: 35822280 PMCID: PMC9474601 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The global spread of the mosquito-borne Zika virus (ZIKV) infection and its complications including Guillain-Barré syndrome and fetus microcephaly in 2015 have made ZIKV as a significant public health threat. The capsid protein plays crucial roles in ZIKV replication and thus represents an attractive therapeutic target. However, inhibitors of ZIKV capsid assembly have not been rigorously identified due to the lack of a target-based screening system. In this study, we developed a novel ZIKV capsid interaction method based on a split-luciferase complementation assay, which can be used to measure and quantify ZIKV capsid-capsid (C-C) interaction by the restored luciferase signal when capsid proteins interact with each other. Furthermore, a Tet-on inducible stable cell line was generated to screen inhibitors of capsid dimerization. By using of this system, peptides (Pep.15-24 in the N-terminal region of ZIKV capsid protein and Pep.44-58 in the α2 helix of ZIKV capsid protein) were identified to inhibit ZIKV C-C interaction. Overall, this study developed a novel inducible assay system to measure ZIKV capsid interaction and identify ZIKV capsid multimerization inhibitors, which will be applied for future discovery of ZIKV assembly inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieshi Yu
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA
| | - Chen Huang
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA
| | - Zhao Wang
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007
| | - Radhey S. Kaushik
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007
| | - Zizhang Sheng
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Feng Li
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA
| | - Dan Wang
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA
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Airo AM, Felix-Lopez A, Mancinelli V, Evseev D, Lopez-Orozco J, Shire K, Paszkowski P, Frappier L, Magor KE, Hobman TC. Flavivirus Capsid Proteins Inhibit the Interferon Response. Viruses 2022; 14:v14050968. [PMID: 35632712 PMCID: PMC9146811 DOI: 10.3390/v14050968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) establishes persistent infections in multiple human tissues, a phenomenon that likely plays a role in its ability to cause congenital birth defects and neurological disease. Multiple nonstructural proteins encoded by ZIKV, in particular NS5, are known to suppress the interferon (IFN) response by attacking different steps in this critical antiviral pathway. Less well known are the potential roles of structural proteins in affecting the host immune response during ZIKV infection. Capsid proteins of flaviviruses are of particular interest because a pool of these viral proteins is targeted to the nuclei during infection and, as such, they have the potential to affect host cell gene expression. In this study, RNA-seq analyses revealed that capsid proteins from six different flaviviruses suppress expression of type I IFN and IFN-stimulated genes. Subsequent interactome and in vitro ubiquitination assays showed that ZIKV capsid protein binds to and prevents activating ubiquitination of RIG-I CARD domains by TRIM25, a host factor that is important for the induction arm of the IFN response. The other flavivirus capsid proteins also interacted with TRIM25, suggesting that these viral proteins may attenuate antiviral signaling pathways at very early stages of infection, potentially even before nonstructural proteins are produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana M. Airo
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; (A.M.A.); (A.F.-L.); (P.P.)
| | - Alberto Felix-Lopez
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; (A.M.A.); (A.F.-L.); (P.P.)
| | - Valeria Mancinelli
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada;
| | - Danyel Evseev
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada; (D.E.); (K.E.M.)
| | - Joaquin Lopez-Orozco
- High Content Analysis Core, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada;
| | - Kathy Shire
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada; (K.S.); (L.F.)
| | - Patrick Paszkowski
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; (A.M.A.); (A.F.-L.); (P.P.)
| | - Lori Frappier
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada; (K.S.); (L.F.)
| | - Katharine E. Magor
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada; (D.E.); (K.E.M.)
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Tom C. Hobman
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; (A.M.A.); (A.F.-L.); (P.P.)
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada;
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-780-492-6485
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Sallaberry I, Luszczak A, Philipp N, Navarro GSC, Gabriel MV, Gratton E, Gamarnik AV, Estrada LC. In vivo pair correlation microscopy reveals dengue virus capsid protein nucleocytoplasmic bidirectional movement in mammalian infected cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24415. [PMID: 34952906 PMCID: PMC8709865 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03854-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Flaviviruses are major human disease-causing pathogens, including dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus, yellow fever virus and others. DENV infects hundreds of millions of people per year around the world, causing a tremendous social and economic burden. DENV capsid (C) protein plays an essential role during genome encapsidation and viral particle formation. It has been previously shown that DENV C enters the nucleus in infected cells. However, whether DENV C protein exhibits nuclear export remains unclear. By spatially cross-correlating different regions of the cell, we investigated DENV C movement across the nuclear envelope during the infection cycle. We observed that transport takes place in both directions and with similar translocation times (in the ms time scale) suggesting a bidirectional movement of both C protein import and export.Furthermore, from the pair cross-correlation functions in cytoplasmic or nuclear regions we found two populations of C molecules in each compartment with fast and slow mobilities. While in the cytoplasm the correlation times were in the 2-6 and 40-110 ms range for the fast and slow mobility populations respectively, in the cell nucleus they were 1-10 and 25-140 ms range, respectively. The fast mobility of DENV C in cytoplasmic and nuclear regions agreed with the diffusion coefficients from Brownian motion previously reported from correlation analysis. These studies provide the first evidence of DENV C shuttling from and to the nucleus in infected cells, opening new venues for antiviral interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Sallaberry
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and IFIBA-National Research Council for Science and Technology (CONICET), 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alexis Luszczak
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and IFIBA-National Research Council for Science and Technology (CONICET), 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalia Philipp
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and IFIBA-National Research Council for Science and Technology (CONICET), 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guadalupe S Costa Navarro
- Fundación Instituto Leloir-National Research Council for Science and Technology (CONICET), 1405, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Manuela V Gabriel
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and IFIBA-National Research Council for Science and Technology (CONICET), 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Enrico Gratton
- Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics and Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Andrea V Gamarnik
- Fundación Instituto Leloir-National Research Council for Science and Technology (CONICET), 1405, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura C Estrada
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and IFIBA-National Research Council for Science and Technology (CONICET), 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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He Y, Wang X, Guo J, Mao L, Zhang S, Hu T, Wang M, Jia R, Zhu D, Liu M, Zhao X, Yang Q, Wu Y, Zhang S, Huang J, Mao S, Ou X, Gao Q, Sun D, Liu Y, Zhang L, Yu Y, Cheng A, Chen S. Replication/Assembly Defective Avian Flavivirus With Internal Deletions in the Capsid Can Be Used as an Approach for Living Attenuated Vaccine. Front Immunol 2021; 12:694959. [PMID: 34421904 PMCID: PMC8371329 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.694959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian Tembusu virus (TMUV) is a novel flavivirus causing severe egg drop and fatal encephalitis in avian in Asia. In the present study, we screened the structural and functional requirements of TMUV capsid protein (CP) for viral morphogenesis using reverse genetics methods in combination with replicon packaging assays. TMUV-CP showed dramatic functional and structural flexibility, and even though 44 residues were removed from the N-terminus, it was still capable of packaging replicon RNA; in addition, 33 residues were deleted from the C-terminus (containing nearly the entire α4-helix), and infectious particles were still produced, although α4-α4’ is supposedly vital for CP dimerization and nucleocapsid formation. We further analyzed two mutants (ΔC20-43 and ΔC64-96 viruses) with relatively large deletions that still replicated well in BHK-21 cells. Our data indicate that internal deletions within CP impaired viral replication or assembly, resulting in attenuated virus proliferation in cells and attenuated virulence in duck embryos, and these deletion mutations are quite stable in cell culture. An in vivo assay indicated that both ΔC20-43 virus and ΔC64-96 virus were highly attenuated in ducklings but still immunogenic. Single-dose immunization with ΔC20-43 virus or ΔC64-96 virus could protect ducklings from a lethal challenge with good antigen clearance. Together, our data shed light on replication/assembly defective TMUV with internal deletions in CP and provide an effective approach to attenuate viral virulence in live vaccines without changing the antigen composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu He
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaqi Guo
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Mao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Senzhao Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sai Mao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xumin Ou
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qun Gao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Di Sun
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunya Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanling Yu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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