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Lyu F, Zhao YH, Zuo XX, Nyide B, Deng BH, Zhou MX, Hou J, Jiao JJ, Zeng MQ, Jie HY, Olaniran A, Lu Y, Khoza T. Thermostable vacuum foam dried Newcastle disease vaccine: Process optimization and pilot-scale study. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:359. [PMID: 38836885 PMCID: PMC11153293 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13174-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Vacuum foam drying (VFD) has been shown to improve the thermostability and long-term shelf life of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV). This study optimized the VFD process to improve the shelf life of NDV at laboratory-scale and then tested the optimized conditions at pilot-scale. The optimal NDV to T5 formulation ratio was determined to be 1:1 or 3:2. Using the 1:1 virus to formulation ratio, the optimal filling volumes were determined to be 13-17% of the vial capacity. The optimized VFD process conditions were determined to be at a shelf temperature of 25℃ with a minimum overall drying time of 44 h. The vaccine samples prepared using these optimized conditions at laboratory-scale exhibited virus titer losses of ≤ 1.0 log10 with residual moisture content (RMC) below 3%. Furthermore, these samples were transported for 97 days around China at ambient temperature without significant titer loss, thus demonstrating the thermostability of the NDV-VFD vaccine. Pilot-scale testing of the NDV-VFD vaccine at optimized conditions showed promising results for up-scaling the process as the RMC was below 3%. However, the virus titer loss was slightly above 1.0 log10 (approximately 1.1 log10). Therefore, the NDV-VFD process requires further optimization at pilot scale to obtain a titer loss of ≤ 1.0 log10. Results from this study provide important guidance for possible industrialization of NDV-VFD vaccine in the future. KEY POINTS: • The process optimization and scale-up test of thermostable NDV vaccine prepared through VFD is reported for the first time in this study. • The live attenuated NDV-VFD vaccine maintained thermostability for 97 days during long distance transportation in summer without cold chain conditions. • The optimized NDV-VFD vaccine preparations evaluated at pilot-scale maintained acceptable levels of infectivity after preservation at 37℃ for 90 days, which demonstrated the feasibility of the vaccine for industrialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Lyu
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering & Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa
- GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China
- School of Animal Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan-Hong Zhao
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
- School of Animal Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Zuo
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Babalwa Nyide
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering & Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa
| | - Bi-Hua Deng
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
- GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China
- School of Animal Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming-Xu Zhou
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
- GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Jibo Hou
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jia-Jie Jiao
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
- School of Animal Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min-Qian Zeng
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
- School of Animal Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong-Ying Jie
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Ademola Olaniran
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Engineering & Science, College of Agriculture, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Yu Lu
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China.
- GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China.
- School of Animal Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Thandeka Khoza
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering & Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa.
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Guktur RE, Olorunfemi PO, Ochekpe NA. Process and isothermal storage stabilities of a live veterinary vaccine formulated with Plectranthus esculentus tuber starch derivatives as stabilizers. Int J Pharm 2024; 652:123766. [PMID: 38181991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Comparability stability studies of a live Newcastle Disease LaSota vaccine were conducted post freeze-drying and during storage at 5±2, 25±2 and 37±1 °C to demonstrate the equivalence/inequivalence of stability profiles of vaccines stabilized with peptone (reference), trehalose and starch derivatives (acetylated xerogel and carboxymethylated) from Plectranthus esculentus tubers. Variations in moisture content during storage at 5±2 °C; physical collapse/shrinkage, partial microcollapse, and hydrophilicity of lyophilisates were prominent in starch stabilized vaccines without additives. Using the mean embryo infective dose (EID50) test, the derivatives and peptone stabilized vaccines had < 0.5 logEID50 loss in titre during freeze-drying. At the storage temperatures of 5±2, 25±2 and 37±1 °C, using peptone, acetylated xerogel starch, carboxymethylated starch, and trehalose, the average shelf lives of the vaccines were 23-55, 21-26, and 2.6-4.9 months respectively. Acetylated xerogel and carboxymethylated derivatives of Plectranthus esculentus tuber starch with/without additives were able to keep the live ND LaSota vaccine stable during freeze-drying at 1-3 % w/v. The stability of all the vaccines declined as storage temperatures increased. The acetylated xerogel stabilized vaccines were more stable than all of the others at 25±2 and 37±1 °C temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth E Guktur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, Nigeria; National Veterinary Research Institute, PMB 01, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Patrick O Olorunfemi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, Nigeria
| | - Nelson A Ochekpe
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, Nigeria.
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Vasquez-Martínez N, Guillen D, Andrea Moreno-Mendieta S, Medina-Granados P, Guadalupe Casañas-Pimentel R, San Martín-Martínez E, Ángel Morales M, Sanchez S, Rodríguez-Sanoja R. In vivo tracing of immunostimulatory raw starch microparticles after mucosal administration. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 187:96-106. [PMID: 37094693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Raw starch microparticles (SMPs) proved efficient antigen carriers with adjuvant properties when administered via the mucosal route; however, the underlying mechanisms associated with this bioactivity are unknown. In the present study, we explored the mucoadhesion properties, fate, and toxicity of starch microparticles after mucosal administration. Nasally administered microparticles were mainly retained in nasal turbinates, reaching the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue; this step is facilitated by the ability of the microparticles to penetrate through the mucous epithelium. Likewise, we found intraduodenally administered SMPs on the small intestinal villi, follicle-associated epithelium, and Peyer's patches. Furthermore, under simulated gastric and intestinal pH conditions, we detected mucoadhesion between the SMPs and mucins, regardless of microparticle swelling. SMPs' mucoadhesion and translocation to mucosal immune responses induction sites explain the previously reported role of these microparticles as vaccine adjuvants and immunostimulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaly Vasquez-Martínez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito, Mario de La Cueva s/n, C.U, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, México; Programa de Doctorado en Ciencia Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Circuito de Posgrado, C.U, Coyoacán, 04510, CDMX, México.
| | - Daniel Guillen
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito, Mario de La Cueva s/n, C.U, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Silvia Andrea Moreno-Mendieta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito, Mario de La Cueva s/n, C.U, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, México; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT).
| | - Pedro Medina-Granados
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito, Mario de La Cueva s/n, C.U, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Rocío Guadalupe Casañas-Pimentel
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Calzada Legaria 694, Irrigación, Miguel Hidalgo, 11500, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Eduardo San Martín-Martínez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Calzada Legaria 694, Irrigación, Miguel Hidalgo, 11500, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Miguel Ángel Morales
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito, Mario de La Cueva s/n, C.U, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Sergio Sanchez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito, Mario de La Cueva s/n, C.U, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Romina Rodríguez-Sanoja
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito, Mario de La Cueva s/n, C.U, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, México.
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Guktur RE, Nep EI, Kemas CU, Olorunfemi PO, Ngwuluka NC, Ochekpe NA, Sagay AS. Effects of Autoclaving and Freeze-Drying on Physicochemical Properties of Plectranthus esculentus Starch Derivatives. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:172. [PMID: 35739364 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02300-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this research was to assess the effects of autoclaving followed by freeze-drying on acetylated xerogel (AXS) and carboxymethylated (CMS) derivatives of Plectranthus esculentus starch as potential vaccine stabilizers. Starch extracted from tubers of P. esculentus were modified by single (carboxymethylation) and dual (acetylation followed by xerogel formation) methods. The derivatives were formulated into vaccine stabilizer suspensions, autoclaved, and freeze-dried without additives or antigen. The derivatives and freeze-dried products were assessed by physical appearance, titration, moisture content (MC), TGA, DSC, XRD, SEM, and FTIR analyses. The degrees of substitution (DS) of the CMS and AXS derivatives were 0.345 and 0.033, respectively. Modification significantly reduced the MC of the derivatives. Freeze-dried AXS (FAXS) had lower MC than freeze-dried CMS (FCMS). The lower degree of hydrophilicity/MC of AXS and FAXS was confirmed by TGA and FTIR band intensities and shifts. Reduction in DSC water desorption/evaporation enthalpies (ΔH) from - 1168.8 mJ (NaS) to - 407.48 mJ (AXS) confirmed the influence of modification on moisture. FTIR confirmed acetylation and carboxymethylation of the derivatives by the presence of 1702.9 cm-1 and 1593 cm-1 bands, respectively (FTIR). Increasing concentrations of the derivatives yielded uncollapsed/unshrunken lyophilisates. SEM and XRD showed that modification, autoclaving, and freeze-drying yielded beehive-like microstructures of FCMS and FAXS that were completely amorphous. Processing (autoclaving and freeze-drying), therefore, enhanced the amorphousness of the starch derivatives which is required in vaccine stability during processing and storage. These findings indicate that these starch derivatives have potential as novel vaccine stabilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth E Guktur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, PMB 2084, Jos, Nigeria.,Viral Vaccines Production Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, PMB 01, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Elijah I Nep
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, PMB 2084, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Chinwe U Kemas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, PMB 2084, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Patrick O Olorunfemi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, PMB 2084, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Ndidi C Ngwuluka
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, PMB 2084, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Nelson A Ochekpe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, PMB 2084, Jos, Nigeria.
| | - Atiene S Sagay
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos/Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria
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