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Song Y, Choi W, Shim E. Cost-Effectiveness of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in the UK: Two Versus Single-Dose of Nonavalent HPV Vaccination. Am J Prev Med 2024; 67:231-240. [PMID: 38508425 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The UK implemented a single-dose HPV vaccination policy in September 2023, aiming for sustained protection, better vaccine coverage, and reduced healthcare costs. This research assesses the cost-effectiveness of both one-dose and two-dose schedules from a healthcare perspective. METHODS Using an age-structured dynamic model, the study analyzed long-term health and economic outcomes of these two different vaccination approaches. It focused on the effects of vaccinating 12- to 13-year-olds with the 9-valent HPV vaccine in either single-dose or two-dose regimens from 2023 to 2093. The analysis, conducted in 2023-2024, explored different immunity durations (10, 30 years, or lifetime) and efficacy levels for the single-dose strategy. RESULTS The study indicated that in the UK, vaccinating 12- to 13-year-olds with a two-dose regimen is not considered cost-effective compared to the single-dose option, assumed to be 90% as effective for 10 years. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for two doses ranged from £230,903 to £1,082,916 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY), significantly exceeding the UK's £20,000/QALY willingness-to-pay threshold. Over 70 years, a switch from a two-dose to a single-dose vaccination schedule could potentially lead to savings of over £1,073 million in the healthcare system. Furthermore, the single-dose regimen was cost-effective compared to no vaccination, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio below £2,040/QALY. CONCLUSIONS The study affirms the cost-effectiveness of the UK's single-dose HPV vaccine, in sync with its September 2023 policy shift. The shift not only provides financial benefits but also simplifies vaccine administration, strategically reducing HPV's epidemiological and economic impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngji Song
- Department of Mathematics, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wongyeong Choi
- Department of Mathematics, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunha Shim
- Department of Mathematics, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Sahasrabuddhe VV. Cervical Cancer: Precursors and Prevention. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2024; 38:771-781. [PMID: 38760198 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Cervical cancer, caused due to oncogenic types of human papillomavirus (HPV), is a leading preventable cause of cancer morbidity and mortality globally. Chronic, persistent HPV infection-induced cervical precursor lesions, if left undetected and untreated, can progress to invasive cancer. Cervical cancer screening approaches have evolved from cytology (Papanicolaou test) to highly sensitive HPV-based molecular methods and personalized, risk-stratified, management guidelines. Innovations like self-collection of samples to increase screening access, innovative triage methods to optimize management of screen positives, and scalable and efficacious precancer treatment approaches will be key to further enhance the utility of prevention interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant V Sahasrabuddhe
- Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room 5E-338, Rockville, MD, USA.
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Whitworth HS, Mounier-Jack S, Choi EM, Gallagher KE, Howard N, Kelly H, Mbwanji G, Kreimer AR, Basu P, Barnabas R, Drolet M, Brisson M, Watson-Jones D. Efficacy and immunogenicity of a single dose of human papillomavirus vaccine compared to multidose vaccination regimens or no vaccination: An updated systematic review of evidence from clinical trials. Vaccine X 2024; 19:100486. [PMID: 38873638 PMCID: PMC11169951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study systematically reviewed the published literature from clinical trials on the efficacy and immunogenicity of single-dose HPV vaccination compared to multidose schedules or no HPV vaccination. Methods Four databases were searched for relevant articles published from Jan-1999 to Feb-2023. Articles were assessed for eligibility for inclusion using pre-defined criteria. Relevant data were extracted from eligible articles and a descriptive quality assessment was performed for each study. A narrative data synthesis was conducted, examining HPV infection, other clinical outcomes and immunogenicity responses by dose schedule. Results Fifteen articles reporting data from six studies (all in healthy young females) were included. One article was included from each of three studies that prospectively randomised participants to receive a single HPV vaccine dose versus one or more comparator schedule(s). The other 12 articles reported data from three studies that randomised participants to receive multidose HPV vaccine (or control vaccine) schedules; in those studies, some participants failed to complete their allocated schedule, and evaluations were conducted to compare participants who actually received one, two or three doses. Across all efficacy studies, the incidence or prevalence of HPV16/18 infection was very low among HPV-vaccinated participants, regardless of the number of doses received; with no evidence for a difference between dose groups. In immunogenicity studies, HPV16/18 antibody seropositivity rates were high among all HPV-vaccinated participants. Antibody levels were significantly lower with one dose compared to two or three doses, but levels with one dose were stable and sustained to 11 years post-vaccination. Conclusions Results from this review support recent World Health Organization recommendations allowing either one- or two-dose HPV vaccination in healthy young females. Longer-term efficacy and immunogenicity data from ongoing studies are awaited. Randomised trials of single-dose HPV-vaccination are urgently needed in other populations, e.g. boys, older females and people with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary S. Whitworth
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra Mounier-Jack
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Edward M. Choi
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine E. Gallagher
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natasha Howard
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Helen Kelly
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gladys Mbwanji
- Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, National Institute of Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Aimée R Kreimer
- National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Partha Basu
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Ruanne Barnabas
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Mélanie Drolet
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc Brisson
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Deborah Watson-Jones
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, National Institute of Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
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4
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Baisley K, Kemp TJ, Mugo NR, Whitworth H, Onono MA, Njoroge B, Indangasi J, Bukusi EA, Prabhu PR, Mutani P, Galloway DA, Mwanzalime D, Kapiga S, Lacey CJ, Hayes RJ, Changalucha J, Pinto LA, Barnabas RV, Watson-Jones D. Comparing one dose of HPV vaccine in girls aged 9-14 years in Tanzania (DoRIS) with one dose in young women aged 15-20 years in Kenya (KEN SHE): an immunobridging analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet Glob Health 2024; 12:e491-e499. [PMID: 38365419 PMCID: PMC10882205 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(23)00586-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first randomised controlled trial of single-dose human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine efficacy, the Kenya single-dose HPV-vaccine efficacy (KEN SHE) trial, showed greater than 97% efficacy against persistent HPV16 and HPV18 infection at 36 months among women in Kenya. We compared antibody responses after one dose of HPV vaccine in the Dose Reduction Immunobridging and Safety Study (DoRIS), the first randomised trial of the single- dose regimen in girls aged 9-14 years, the target age range for vaccination, with those after one dose of the same vaccine in KEN SHE. METHODS In the DoRIS trial, 930 girls aged 9-14 years in Tanzania were randomly assigned to one, two, or three doses of the 2-valent vaccine (Cervarix) or the 9-valent vaccine (Gardasil-9). The proportion seroconverting and geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) at month 24 after one dose were compared with those in women aged 15-20 years who were randomly assigned to one dose of the same vaccines at the same timepoint in KEN SHE. Batched samples were tested together by virus-like particle ELISA for HPV16 and HPV18 IgG antibodies. Non-inferiority of GMC ratios (DoRIS trial:KEN SHE) was predefined as a lower bound of the 95% CI less than 0·50. FINDINGS Month 24 HPV16 and HPV18 antibody GMCs in DoRIS were similar or higher than those in KEN SHE. 2-valent GMC ratios were 0·90 (95% CI 0·72-1·14) for HPV16 and 1·02 (0·78-1·33) for HPV18. 9-valent GMC ratios were 1·44 (95% CI 1·14-1·82) and 1·47 (1·13-1·90), respectively. Non-inferiority of antibody GMCs and seropositivity was met for HPV16 and HPV18 for both vaccines. INTERPRETATION HPV16 and HPV18 immune responses in young girls 24 months after a single dose of 2-valent or 9-valent HPV vaccine were comparable to those in young women who were randomly assigned to a single dose of the same vaccines and in whom efficacy had been shown. A single dose of HPV vaccine, when given to girls in the target age range for vaccination, induces immune responses that could be effective against persistent HPV16 and HPV18 infection at least two years after vaccination. FUNDING The UK Department of Health and Social Care, the Foreign, Commonwealth, & Development Office, the Global Challenges Research Fund, the UK Medical Research Council and Wellcome Trust Joint Global Health Trials scheme, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the US National Cancer Institute; the US National Institutes of Health, and the Francis and Dorothea Reed Endowed Chair in Infectious Diseases. TRANSLATION For the KiSwahili translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Baisley
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Troy J Kemp
- HPV Serology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Nelly R Mugo
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Center for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Hilary Whitworth
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases UK, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Maricianah A Onono
- Center for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Betty Njoroge
- Center for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jackton Indangasi
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases UK, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Elizabeth A Bukusi
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Center for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Priya R Prabhu
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul Mutani
- Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Denise A Galloway
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David Mwanzalime
- Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Saidi Kapiga
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Charles J Lacey
- York Biomedical Research Institute & Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - Richard J Hayes
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - John Changalucha
- Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Ligia A Pinto
- HPV Serology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Ruanne V Barnabas
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deborah Watson-Jones
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases UK, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
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Satanova A, Bolatbekova R, Kukubassov Y, Ossikbayeva S, Kaidarova D. Vaccination Effectiveness against Human Papillomavirus in Kazakhstan. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2024; 25:681-688. [PMID: 38415556 PMCID: PMC11077137 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2024.25.2.681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose was to determine the effectiveness of human papillomavirus immunization and its impact on cervical cancer development in Kazakhstan. METHODS The current research is a case-control study with two groups: a main group and a control group. A total of 725 subjects participated in the research. RESULTS The association between vaccination and cervical cancer development was calculated both for the two groups as a whole and for individual patients, who were selected based on criteria of residence, presence of immunodeficiency or chronic cardiac or renal pathology, as well as analysis of age at which the vaccine dose was received. There was a statistically significant association between the absence of the human papillomavirus vaccine and the risk of cervical cancer in all groups. When considering the entire cohort, the chance of finding a risk factor (lack of vaccination) was almost 7 times higher in the main group than in the control group. Thus, an association between vaccination and cervical cancer risk was found in each of the pairs of subjects. CONCLUSION The effectiveness of vaccination in preventing cervical cancer was not observed in patients who were vaccinated after 18 years of age, while most patients in the control group were vaccinated in their teens. The practical significance of the research is not only to further study the problem of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in Kazakhstan but also to popularize HPV immunization to prevent cervical cancer (CC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alima Satanova
- Oncogynecological Center, Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.
| | - Raikhan Bolatbekova
- Oncogynecological Department, Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.
| | - Yerlan Kukubassov
- Oncogynecological Center, Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.
| | - Saniya Ossikbayeva
- Centre for Molecular Genetic Research, Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.
| | - Dilyara Kaidarova
- Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.
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Tu HF, Wong M, Tseng SH, Ingavat N, Olczak P, Notarte KI, Hung CF, Roden RBS. Virus-like particle vaccine displaying an external, membrane adjacent MUC16 epitope elicits ovarian cancer-reactive antibodies. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:19. [PMID: 38225646 PMCID: PMC10790439 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01325-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MUC16 is a heavily glycosylated cell surface mucin cleaved in the tumor microenvironment to shed CA125. CA125 is a serum biomarker expressed by > 95% of non-mucinous advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancers. MUC16/CA125 contributes to the evasion of anti-tumor immunity, peritoneal spread and promotes carcinogenesis; consequently, it has been targeted with antibody-based passive and active immunotherapy. However, vaccination against this self-antigen likely requires breaking B cell tolerance and may trigger autoimmune disease. Display of self-antigens on virus-like particles (VLPs), including those produced with human papillomavirus (HPV) L1, can efficiently break B cell tolerance. RESULTS A 20 aa juxta-membrane peptide of the murine MUC16 (mMUC16) or human MUC16 (hMUC16) ectodomain was displayed either via genetic insertion into an immunodominant loop of HPV16 L1-VLPs between residues 136/137, or by chemical coupling using malemide to cysteine sulfhydryl groups on their surface. Female mice were vaccinated intramuscularly three times with either DNA expressing L1-MUC16 fusions via electroporation, or with alum-formulated VLP chemically-coupled to MUC16 peptides. Both regimens were well tolerated, and elicited MUC16-specific serum IgG, although titers were higher in mice vaccinated with MUC16-coupled VLP on alum as compared to L1-MUC16 DNA vaccination. Antibody responses to mMUC16-targeted vaccination cross-reacted with hMUC16 peptide, and vice versa; both were reactive with the surface of CA125+ OVCAR3 cells, but not SKOV3 that lack detectable CA125 expression. Interestingly, vaccination of mice with mMUC16 peptide mixed with VLP and alum elicited mMUC16-specific IgG, implying VLPs provide robust T help and that coupling may not be required to break tolerance to this epitope. CONCLUSION Vaccination with VLP displaying the 20 aa juxta-membrane MUC16 ectodomain, which includes the membrane proximal cleavage site, is likely to be well tolerated and induce IgG targeting ovarian cancer cells, even after CA125 is shed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Fang Tu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Margaret Wong
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Ssu-Hsueh Tseng
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Nattha Ingavat
- Downstream Processing (DSP), Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138632, Singapore
| | - Pola Olczak
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Kin Israel Notarte
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Chien-Fu Hung
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Richard B S Roden
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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7
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Barnabas RV, Brown ER, Onono MA, Bukusi EA, Njoroge B, Winer RL, Galloway DA, Pinder LF, Donnell D, N Wakhungu I, Biwott C, Kimanthi S, Heller KB, Kanjilal DG, Pacella D, Morrison S, A Rechkina E, L Cherne S, Schaafsma TT, McClelland RS, Celum C, Baeten JM, Mugo NR. Durability of single-dose HPV vaccination in young Kenyan women: randomized controlled trial 3-year results. Nat Med 2023; 29:3224-3232. [PMID: 38049621 PMCID: PMC10719107 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02658-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer burden is high where prophylactic vaccination and screening coverage are low. We demonstrated in a multicenter randomized, double-blind, controlled trial that single-dose human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination had high vaccine efficacy (VE) against persistent infection at 18 months in Kenyan women. Here, we report findings of this trial through 3 years of follow-up. Overall, 2,275 healthy women aged 15-20 years were recruited and randomly assigned to receive bivalent (n = 760), nonavalent (n = 758) or control (n = 757) vaccine. The primary outcome was incident-persistent vaccine type-specific cervical HPV infection. The primary evaluation was superiority analysis in the modified intention-to-treat (mITT) HPV 16/18 and HPV 16/18/31/33/45/52/58 cohorts. The trial met its prespecified end points of vaccine type-specific persistent HPV infection. A total of 75 incident-persistent infections were detected in the HPV 16/18 mITT cohort: 2 in the bivalent group, 1 in the nonavalent group and 72 in the control group. Nonavalent VE was 98.8% (95% CI 91.3-99.8%, P < 0.0001) and bivalent VE was 97.5% (95% CI 90.0-99.4%, P < 0.0001). Overall, 89 persistent infections were detected in the HPV 16/18/31/33/45/52/58 mITT cohort: 5 in the nonavalent group and 84 in the control group; nonavalent VE was 95.5% (95% CI 89.0-98.2%, P < 0.0001). There were no vaccine-related severe adverse events. Three years after vaccination, single-dose HPV vaccination was highly efficacious, safe and conferred durable protection. ClinicalTrials.gov no. NCT03675256 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruanne V Barnabas
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- School of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, T. H. Chan Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Elizabeth R Brown
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Maricianah A Onono
- Center for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Elizabeth A Bukusi
- Center for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Betty Njoroge
- Center for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Rachel L Winer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Denise A Galloway
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Leeya F Pinder
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Cincinnati, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Deborah Donnell
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Imelda N Wakhungu
- Center for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Charlene Biwott
- Center for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Syovata Kimanthi
- Center for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Kate B Heller
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Diane G Kanjilal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Pacella
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan Morrison
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elena A Rechkina
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephen L Cherne
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Torin T Schaafsma
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - R Scott McClelland
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- East Africa STI Laboratory, University of Washington, Mombasa, Kenya
| | - Connie Celum
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jared M Baeten
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nelly R Mugo
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
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8
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Ellingson MK, Sheikha H, Nyhan K, Oliveira CR, Niccolai LM. Human papillomavirus vaccine effectiveness by age at vaccination: A systematic review. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2239085. [PMID: 37529935 PMCID: PMC10399474 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2239085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines work by preventing infections prior to natural exposure. Thus, it is likely more effective at younger ages, and it is important to understand how effectiveness might be diminished when administered at older ages. We conducted a systematic review of HPV vaccine effectiveness studies published between 2007 and 2022 that included an analysis of effectiveness against vaccine-type HPV infections, anogenital warts, cervical abnormalities and cervical cancer by age at vaccine initiation or completion. Searching multiple databases, 21 studies were included and results were summarized descriptively. Seventeen studies found the highest vaccine effectiveness in the youngest age group. Vaccine effectiveness estimates for younger adolescents ages 9-14 years ranged from approximately 74% to 93% and from 12% to 90% for adolescents ages 15-18 years. These results demonstrate that the HPV vaccine is most effective against HPV-related disease outcomes when given at younger ages, emphasizing the importance of on-time vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallory K. Ellingson
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | - Hassan Sheikha
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | - Kate Nyhan
- Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, Yale University, New Haven, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | - Carlos R. Oliveira
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | - Linda M. Niccolai
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, USA
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Oo MM, Moore S, Gibbons S, Adhiambo W, Muthoga P, Siele N, Akolo M, Gebrebrhan H, Sivro A, Ball BT, Lorway RR, Severini A, Kimani J, McKinnon LR. High prevalence of vaccine-preventable anal human papillomavirus infections is associated with HIV infection among gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men in Nairobi, Kenya. Cancer Med 2023; 12:13745-13757. [PMID: 37140209 PMCID: PMC10315852 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with anal cancers and is more prevalent in gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men (gbMSM), partly due to their vulnerability to HIV infection. Baseline HPV genotype distributions and risk factors can inform the design of next-generation HPV vaccines to prevent anal cancer. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among gbMSM receiving care at a HIV/STI clinic in Nairobi, Kenya. Anal swabs were genotyped using a Luminex microsphere array. Multiple logistic regression methods were used to identify risk factors for four HPV outcomes (any HPV, any HR-HPV, and 4- and 9-valent vaccine-preventable HPVs). RESULTS Among 115 gbMSM, 51 (44.3%) were HIV-infected. Overall HPV prevalence was 51.3%; 84.3% among gbMSM living with HIV and 24.6% among gbMSM without HIV (p < 0.001). One-third (32.2%) had HR-HPV and the most prevalent vaccine-preventable HR-HPV genotypes were 16, 35, 45, and 58. HPV-18 was uncommon (n = 2). The 9-valent Gardasil vaccine would have prevented 61.0% of HPV types observed in this population. In multivariate analyses, HIV status was the only significant risk factor for any HPV (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]:23.0, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 7.3-86.0, p < 0.001) and for HR-HPV (aOR: 8.9, 95% CI: 2.8-36.0, p < 0.001). Similar findings were obtained for vaccine-preventable HPVs. Being married to a woman significantly increased the odds of having HR-HPV infections (aOR: 8.1, 95% CI: 1.6-52.0, p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS GbMSM living with HIV in Kenya are at higher risk of anal HPV infections including genotypes that are preventable with available vaccines. Our findings support the need for a targeted HPV vaccination campaign in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myo Minn Oo
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious DiseasesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Samantha Moore
- Institute for Global Public Health (IGPH)University of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Suzanne Gibbons
- JC Wilt Infectious Disease Research CentreNational Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of CanadaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Wendy Adhiambo
- University of Nairobi Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University of NairobiNairobiKenya
| | - Peter Muthoga
- University of Nairobi Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University of NairobiNairobiKenya
| | - Naomi Siele
- University of Nairobi Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University of NairobiNairobiKenya
| | - Maureen Akolo
- University of Nairobi Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University of NairobiNairobiKenya
| | - Henok Gebrebrhan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious DiseasesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Aida Sivro
- JC Wilt Infectious Disease Research CentreNational Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of CanadaWinnipegManitobaCanada
- Department of Medical MicrobiologyUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalDurbanSouth Africa
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA)DurbanSouth Africa
| | - Blake T. Ball
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious DiseasesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
- JC Wilt Infectious Disease Research CentreNational Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of CanadaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Robert R. Lorway
- Institute for Global Public Health (IGPH)University of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Alberto Severini
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious DiseasesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
- JC Wilt Infectious Disease Research CentreNational Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of CanadaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Joshua Kimani
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious DiseasesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
- University of Nairobi Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University of NairobiNairobiKenya
| | - Lyle R. McKinnon
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious DiseasesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
- University of Nairobi Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University of NairobiNairobiKenya
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA)DurbanSouth Africa
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