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Xu J, Wang H, Xu R, Li Q, Li L, Su Y, Liu J, Zhu W. Daily fluctuation of Lactobacillus species and their antibiotic resistome in the colon of growing pigs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170821. [PMID: 38336077 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
There are various types of bacteria inhabiting the intestine that help maintain the balance of the intestinal microbiota. Lactobacillus is one of the important beneficial bacteria and is widely used as a food starter and probiotic. In this study, we investigated the daily fluctuation of the colonic Lactobacillus species and their distribution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) as well as antibiotic susceptibility in pigs. Metagenomic analysis revealed that genus Lactobacillus was one of the most dominant genera in the colon of growing pigs. Rhythmicity analysis revealed that 84 out of 285 Lactobacillus species exhibited rhythmic patterns. Lactobacillus johnsonii and Lactobacillus reuteri were the two most abundant lactobacilli with circadian oscillation, which increased during the day and decreased at night. The profile of the antibiotic resistome was modified over time within 24-h period. Elfamycin resistance genes were the most enriched class found in Lactobacillus. Furthermore, the seven strains of Lactobacillus isolated from the pig intestine mainly exhibited resistance to gentamicin, erythromycin, and lincomycin. The whole genome annotation of four Lactobacillus strains indicated the presence of multiple ARGs, including elfamycin resistance genes, however, the most abundant ARG was optrA in genome of four strains. These results indicate the presence of various Lactobacillus species harboring a large number of ARGs in the swine intestine. This implies that when using animal-derived lactobacilli, it is essential to assess antibiotic resistance to prevent further transmission between animals and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjian Xu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Rongying Xu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qiuke Li
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lian Li
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yong Su
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Jinxin Liu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weiyun Zhu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Mousa WK, Mousa S, Ghemrawi R, Obaid D, Sarfraz M, Chehadeh F, Husband S. Probiotics Modulate Host Immune Response and Interact with the Gut Microbiota: Shaping Their Composition and Mediating Antibiotic Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13783. [PMID: 37762089 PMCID: PMC10531388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The consortium of microbes inhabiting the human body, together with their encoded genes and secreted metabolites, is referred to as the "human microbiome." Several studies have established a link between the composition of the microbiome and its impact on human health. This impact spans local gastrointestinal inflammation to systemic autoimmune disorders and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Autism. Some of these links have been validated by rigorous experiments that identify specific strains as mediators or drivers of a particular condition. Consequently, the development of probiotics to compensate for a missing beneficial microbe(s) has advanced and become popular, especially in the treatment of irritable bowel diseases and to restore disrupted gut flora after antibiotic administration. The widespread use of probiotics is often advocated as a natural ecological therapy. However, this perception is not always accurate, as there is a potential for unexpected interactions when administering live microbial cultures. Here, we designed this research to explore the intricate interactions among probiotics, the host, and microbes through a series of experiments. Our objectives included assessing their immunomodulatory effects, response to oral medications, impact on microbial population dynamics, and mediation of antibiotic resistance. To achieve these goals, we employed diverse experimental protocols, including cell-based enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), antibiotic susceptibility testing, antimicrobial activity assays, computational prediction of probiotic genes responsible for antibiotic resistance, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based validation of predicted genes, and survival assays of probiotics in the presence of selected oral medications. Our findings highlight that more than half of the tested probiotics trigger an inflammatory response in the Caco-2 cell line, are influenced by oral medications, exhibit antibacterial activity, and possess genes encoding antimicrobial resistance. These results underscore the necessity for a reevaluation of probiotic usage and emphasize the importance of establishing regulations to govern probiotic testing, approval, and administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa K. Mousa
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 64141, United Arab Emirates; (S.M.); (R.G.); (D.O.); (M.S.)
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
- College of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Sara Mousa
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 64141, United Arab Emirates; (S.M.); (R.G.); (D.O.); (M.S.)
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rose Ghemrawi
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 64141, United Arab Emirates; (S.M.); (R.G.); (D.O.); (M.S.)
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dana Obaid
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 64141, United Arab Emirates; (S.M.); (R.G.); (D.O.); (M.S.)
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Sarfraz
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 64141, United Arab Emirates; (S.M.); (R.G.); (D.O.); (M.S.)
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fadia Chehadeh
- Anschutz Medical Campus, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 173364, USA;
| | - Shannon Husband
- Department of Biology, Whitman College, Walla Walla, WA 99362, USA;
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Castro-López C, García-Galaz A, García HS, González-Córdova AF, Vallejo-Cordoba B, Hernández-Mendoza A. Potential probiotic lactobacilli strains isolated from artisanal Mexican Cocido cheese: evidence-based biosafety and probiotic action-related traits on in vitro tests. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:2137-2152. [PMID: 37450104 PMCID: PMC10485211 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The biosafety of four potentially probiotic lactobacilli strains, isolated from artisanal Mexican Cocido cheese, was assessed through in vitro tests aimed to determine (1) the antibiotic susceptibility profile by broth microdilution, (2) the transferability of antibiotic resistance determinants by filter-mating, and (3) the phenotypic and genotypic stability during serial batch sub-culture (100-day period) by evaluating physiological and probiotic features and RAPD-PCR fingerprinting. Lactobacilli strains exhibited multidrug-resistance; however, resistance determinants were not transferred in the filter-mating assay. Significant (p < 0.05) differences were observed in bacterial morphology and some functional and technological properties when strains were serially sub-cultured over 50 generations (G50), compared to the initial cultures (G0). Conversely, the strains did not show mucinolytic and hemolytic activities either at G0 or after 100 generations (G100). Genetic polymorphism and genomic template instability on selected strains were detected, which suggest possible evolutionary arrangements that may occur when these bacteria are largely cultured. Our findings suggest that the assessed strains did not raise in vitro biosafety concerns; however, complementary studies are still needed to establish the safe potential applications in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Castro-López
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46. Hermosillo, Sonora, Sonora, 83304, México
| | - Alfonso García-Galaz
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Polifásica y Bioactividades, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD, A.C.), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83304, México
| | - Hugo S García
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Alimentos‒UNIDA, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, Miguel Ángel de Quevedo 2779, Veracruz, Veracruz, México, 91897
| | - Aarón F González-Córdova
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46. Hermosillo, Sonora, Sonora, 83304, México
| | - Belinda Vallejo-Cordoba
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46. Hermosillo, Sonora, Sonora, 83304, México
| | - Adrián Hernández-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46. Hermosillo, Sonora, Sonora, 83304, México.
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Fan X, Lu Y, Zhao Y, Miao H, Qi K, Wang R. An Insight into the Exploration of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Calorie Restricted Diet Fed Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:3198. [PMID: 37513616 PMCID: PMC10384538 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) threaten the success of modern drugs against multidrug resistant infections. ARGs can be transferred to opportunistic pathogens by horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Many studies have investigated the characteristics of ARGs in various chemical stressors. Studies on the effects of dietary nutrition and dietary patterns on ARGs are rare. The study first demonstrated the effect of calorie restricted (CR) diet on the ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in mouse feces and explored their relationship with gut microbiota and their functions. The results showed that the abundance of the total ARGs in mouse feces of the CR group increased, especially tetracycline ARGs (tetW-01). The abundance of the MLSB ARGs (ermB) decreased evidently in mouse feces of the CR group. In addition, the total abundance of MGEs decreased evidently in the CR group, especially tnpA-03. In the meantime, the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in mouse feces of the CR group increased remarkably. The Spearman correlation analysis between gut microbiota and ARGs showed that several probiotics were significantly positively correlated with ARGs (tetW-01), which might be the main contribution to the increase in ARGs of the CR group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqin Fan
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- Department of Children's Health Care Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit (2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hongjian Miao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit (2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Kemin Qi
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
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Duche RT, Singh A, Wandhare AG, Sangwan V, Sihag MK, Nwagu TNT, Panwar H, Ezeogu LI. Antibiotic resistance in potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria of fermented foods and human origin from Nigeria. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:142. [PMID: 37208603 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02883-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Probiotic lactobacilli are generally recognized as safe (GRAS) and are being used in several food and pharma formulations. However, growing concern of antibiotic resistance in bacterial strains of food origin and its possible transmission via functional foods is increasingly being emphasized. OBJECTIVES This study screened potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains for their phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance profiles. METHODS Susceptibility to different antibiotics was assayed by the Kirby Bauer standard disc diffusion protocol. Both conventional and SYBR-RTq-PCR were used for detection of resistance coding genes. RESULTS A variable susceptibility pattern was documented against different antibiotic classes. LAB strains irrespective of origin displayed marked phenotypic resistance against cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, quinolones, glycopeptides; and methicillin among beta-lactams with few exceptions. In contrast, high sensitivity was recorded against macrolides, sulphonamides and carbapenems sub-group of beta-lactams with some variations. parC, associated with ciprofloxacin resistance was detected in 76.5% of the strains. Other prevalent resistant determinants observed were aac(6?)Ii (42.1%), ermB, ermC (29.4%), and tetM (20.5%). Six (?17.6%) of the isolates were free from genetic resistance determinants screened in this study. CONCLUSION Study revealed presence of antibiotic resistance determinants among lactobacilli from both fermented foods and human sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael T Duche
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi-Nigeria, Makurdi, Nigeria
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria
- UNESCO International Centre for Biotechnology, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Anamika Singh
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Arundhati Ganesh Wandhare
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Vikas Sangwan
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Manvesh Kumar Sihag
- Department of Dairy Chemistry, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Tochukwu N T Nwagu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Harsh Panwar
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
| | - Lewis I Ezeogu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria.
- UNESCO International Centre for Biotechnology, Nsukka, Nigeria.
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