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Szucs KF, Vigh D, Mirdamadi M, Samavati R, Barna T, Schaffer A, Alasaad K, Gaspar R. Smooth muscle electromyography for detecting major alterations in the estrus cycle in rats. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307932. [PMID: 39116057 PMCID: PMC11309437 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Determining the female animal cycle is crucial in preclinical studies and animal husbandry. Changes in hormone levels during the cycle affect physiological responses, including altered contractility of the visceral smooth muscle. The study aimed to identify estrus and anestrus using smooth muscle electromyographic (SMEMG) measurements, in vivo fluorescent imaging (IVIS) and in vitro organ contractility of the uterus and cecum. The study involved sexually mature female Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 10-12 weeks. The rats received a daily injection of cetrorelix acetate solution for 7 days, while another group served as the control. The animals were subjected to gastrointestinal and myometrial SMEMG. The change in αvβ3 integrin activity was measured with IVIS in the abdominal cavity. Contractility studies were performed in isolated organ baths using dissected uterus and cecum samples. Plasma samples were collected for hormone level measurements. A 3-fold increase in spontaneous contraction activity was detected in SMEMG measurements, while a significant decrease in αvβ3 integrin was measured in the IVIS imaging procedure. Cetrorelix reduced the level of LH and the progesterone / estradiol ratio, increased the spontaneous activity of the cecum rings, and enhanced KCl-evoked contractions in the uterus. We found a significant change in the rate of SMEMG signals, indicating simultaneous increases in the contraction of the cecum and the non-pregnant uterus, as evidenced by isolated organ bath results. Fluorescence imaging showed high levels of uterine αvβ3 integrin during the proestrus-estrus phase, but inhibiting the sexual cycle reduced fluorescence activity. Based on the results, the SMEMG and IVIS imaging methods are suitable for detecting estrus phase alterations in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalman F. Szucs
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dora Vigh
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mohsen Mirdamadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Reza Samavati
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamara Barna
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Annamaria Schaffer
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Karmen Alasaad
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Robert Gaspar
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Nagy A, Szűcs KF, Grosz G, Süle M, Fekete F, Karoliny A, Borsos M, Papp Z, Vigh D, Gáspár R. Prediction of gastroesophageal reflux episodes by smooth muscle electromyography: A translational study in rats and adolescents. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18859. [PMID: 37609397 PMCID: PMC10440461 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Our aim was to measure the myoelectric modifications during gastric acid secretion along with the gastric pH in a rat model and to detect the gastrointestinal (GI) myoelectric changes in adolescents suffering from gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) along with the esophageal pH measurement. Main methods In anesthetized rats, gastric acid secretion was initiated with intragastric histamine (50 mg/kg), and gastric pH, GI myoelectric activity and mechanical GI contractions were measured with intragastric pH electrode, subcutaneously implanted smooth muscle electromyography (SMEMG) electrodes and organ implanted strain gauges, respectively. In the clinical study, esophageal pH and GI myoelectric activity were measured in adolescents suffering from GERD with intraesophageal pH electrode and SMEMG electrodes placed on the abdominal surface, respectively. The SMEMG records were analyzed by fast Fourier transformation (FFT) and power spectrum density maximum (PsDmax) values were calculated for the GI segments. Key findings In rats, histamine initiated an immediate increase in gastric PsDmax, which preceded the significant reduction in gastric pH by 75 min. The myoelectric change was independent of mechanical GI contractions. In adolescents, the GERD episodes were preceded by a significant increase in gastric PsDmax 45 min earlier. These changes were independent of motion or meals. Significance Increased gastric myoelectric activity during histamine stimulation or GERD might be linked to the enhanced activity of the gastric proton pump, indicating a link between gastric acid secretion and GERD episodes. It is supposed that SMEMG might be a tool for predicting forthcoming reflux episodes in GERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anikó Nagy
- Heim Pal National Pediatric Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kálmán F. Szűcs
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert-Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | | | - Ferenc Fekete
- Heim Pal National Pediatric Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Karoliny
- Heim Pal National Pediatric Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Dóra Vigh
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert-Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Róbert Gáspár
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert-Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Tsianou CC, Kvetina J, Radochova V, Kohoutova D, Rejchrt S, Valis M, Zdarova Karasova J, Tacheci I, Knoblochova V, Soukup O, Bures J. The effect of single and repeated doses of rivastigmine on gastric myoelectric activity in experimental pigs. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286386. [PMID: 37262057 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rivastigmine is a pseudo-irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor used for therapy of Alzheimer's disease and non-Alzheimer dementia syndromes. In humans, rivastigmine can cause significant gastrointestinal side effects that can limit its clinical use. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of rivastigmine on gastric motor function by means of electrogastrography (EGG) in experimental pigs. METHODS Six experimental adult female pigs (Sus scrofa f. domestica, hybrids of Czech White and Landrace breeds; 3-month-old; mean weight 30.7 ± 1.2 kg) were enrolled into the study twice and created two experimental groups. In group A, a single intragastric dose of 6 mg rivastigmine hydrogen tartate was administered in the morning to fasting pigs before EGG recording. In group B, rivastigmine was administered to overnight fasting animals in a dietary bolus in the morning for 7 days (6 mg per day). On day 8, an intragastric dose of 12 mg rivastigmine was given in the morning to fasting pigs before EGG. EGG recording was accomplished by means of an EGG standalone system. Recordings from both groups were evaluated in dominant frequency and EGG power (areas of amplitudes). RESULTS In total, 1,980 one-minute EGG intervals were evaluated. In group A, basal EGG power (median 1290.5; interquartile range 736.5-2330 μV2) was significantly higher in comparison with the power of intervals T6 (882; 577-1375; p = 0.001) and T10 (992.5; 385-2859; p = 0.032). In group B, the dominant frequency increased significantly from basal values (1.97 ± 1.57 cycles per minute) to intervals T9 (3.26 ± 2.16; p < 0.001) and T10 (2.14 ± 1.16; p = 0.012), respectively. In group B, basal EGG power (median 1030.5; interquartile range 549-5093) was significantly higher in comparison with the power of intervals T7 (692.5; 434-1476; p = 0.002) and T8 (799; 435-1463 μV2; p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Both single as well as repeated intragastric administration of rivastigmine hydrogen tartrate caused a significant decrease of EGG power (areas of amplitudes) in experimental pigs. EGG power may serve as an indirect indicator of gastric motor competence. These findings might provide a possible explanation of rivastigmine-associated dyspepsia in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaroslav Kvetina
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vera Radochova
- Animal Laboratory, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Darina Kohoutova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stanislav Rejchrt
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine-Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Valis
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Zdarova Karasova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ilja Tacheci
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine-Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | | | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Bures
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Military University Hospital Praha, Praha, Czech Republic
- Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Nové Město, Czech Republic
- Military University Hospital Praha, Praha, Czech Republic
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Non-genomic uterorelaxant actions of corticosteroid hormones in rats: An in vitro and in vivo study. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 935:175346. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Nagy K, Fébel H, Bazar G, Grosz G, Gáspár R, Ferenc Szűcs K, Tóth T. Non-invasive smooth muscle electromyography (SMEMG) as a novel monitoring technology of the gastrointestinal tract of awake, free-moving pigs-A pilot study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257311. [PMID: 34516588 PMCID: PMC8437306 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There are several mathematical models and measurements to determine the efficiency of the digestibility of different feedstuffs. However, there is lack of information regarding the direct methods or measurement techniques used to analyse the physical response of the different parts of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of growing pigs to different diets. Smooth muscle electromyography (SMEMG) is a non-invasive method for the measurement of gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity. In the present study, SMEMG methodology has been adapted from laboratory rats to pigs, and the effects of feedstuffs with control (CTR) or experimentally increased (EXP) amounts of fibre were investigated on gastrointestinal tract motility. Nine barrow pigs ((Danish Landrace × Danish Yorkshire) × Danish Duroc) were used (30 ± 3 kg), and their CTR and EXP feedstuffs contained 29 and 49 g/kg crude fibre (CF), respectively. Myoelectric activities of the stomach, ileum and caecum were detected in the awake pigs by a pair of electrodes. The recorded myoelectric signals were analysed with fast Fourier transformation (FFT), and the spectra were expressed in GIT section-specific cycles per minutes (cpm) values and the maximum power spectrum density (PsDmax). A significant increase (P < 0.001) was observed in the value of the PsDmax of the small intestine (20–25 cpm) as a consequence of the EXP diet. The PsDmax values of the stomach (3–5 cpm) and large intestine (1–3 cpm) did not show any significant change in pigs fed the EXP diet. As a direct and non-invasive method, SMEMG is suitable for the rapid evaluation of the effects of diets with different fibre contents on the GIT of non-anaesthetised, free-moving pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Nagy
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Hedvig Fébel
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Herceghalom, Hungary
| | - George Bazar
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Kaposvár, Hungary
- ADEXGO Kft., Balatonfüred, Hungary
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Róbert Gáspár
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kálmán Ferenc Szűcs
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Tóth
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Kaposvár, Hungary
- ADEXGO Kft., Balatonfüred, Hungary
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Pribék IK, Szűcs KF, Süle M, Grosz G, Ducza E, Vigh D, Tóth E, Janka Z, Kálmán J, Datki ZL, Gáspár R, Andó B. Detection of acute stress by smooth muscle electromyography: A translational study on rat and human. Life Sci 2021; 277:119492. [PMID: 33864819 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Non-invasive and simultaneous recording of gastrointestinal (GI) activity during stress induction is still an unexplored field. In our previous investigation, the stress-induced alteration of the gastrointestinal tract was explored in rats. Our aims were to expand our previous rat experiment and to induce stress response in rats (Study 1) and humans (Study 2) to detect the GI tract activity, heart rate and body temperature. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the preclinical sample, acute stress was induced by immobilization in Sprague-Dawley rats (N = 10). Acute stress response was generated by the Trier Social Stress Test among healthy volunteers (N = 16). Detection of acute stress was measured by using smooth muscle electromyography, which recorded the myoelectric waves of the gastrointestinal tract (stomach, ileum and colon) simultaneously with heart rate and body temperature in rats and humans. KEY FINDINGS The myoelectric waves of the stomach, the cecum and the ileum increased during immobilization in rats, rising in parallel with heart rate and the dermal temperature of the abdominal surface. The same alterations were found during the stress period among humans, except in the case of the colon, where no change was detected. SIGNIFICANCE The crucial role of the GI tract in stress response was revealed by translating the outcome of basic research into human results. The similar GI alterations during stress in rats and humans underpin the robustness of our findings. In summary, our preliminary translational-based study can serve as an appropriate basis for further human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildikó Katalin Pribék
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kálmán Ferenc Szűcs
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | | | - Eszter Ducza
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dóra Vigh
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Erika Tóth
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Janka
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - János Kálmán
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt László Datki
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Róbert Gáspár
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Bálint Andó
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
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Wierzbicka M, Domino M, Zabielski R, Gajewski Z. Long-Term Recording of Reticulo-Rumen Myoelectrical Activity in Sheep by a Telemetry Method. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11041052. [PMID: 33917991 PMCID: PMC8068381 DOI: 10.3390/ani11041052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The reticulum and rumen are considered a single functional unit (the reticulo-rumen) with regards to myoelectrical and contractile activities. The specialized contractions of the reticulo-rumen provide constant mixing of partially digested material (cycle A), its flow into the omasum during eructation (cycle B), and regurgitation-rumination (cycle C). This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of electromyography (EMG) registered by a long-term telemetry method for assessment of the basic reticulo-rumen myoelectrical activity in sheep, to develop the effective recognition of the reticulo-rumen cycles at rest with no food stimulation, and to investigate the relationship between cycles A, B, and C in such basic conditions. The experiment was carried out on nine ewes. Myoelectric activity of the rumen, reticulum, and abomasum was recorded by the combination of three silver bipolar electrodes and a 3-channel transmitter implant. The myoelectrical activity registered successfully in the reticulum and rumen was determined as three characteristic patterns of cycles A, B, and C. The percentage of each type of cycle changed at different intervals from equally cycles A (43-50%) and B (50-56%), occurring when cycle C was not observed to the domination of cycle C (57-73%) with a decrease of cycles A (6-14%) and B (20-28%). The long-term EMG telemetry registration is feasible in the assessment of the reticulo-rumen myoelectrical activity in sheep.
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Szűcs K, Grosz G, Süle M, Sztojkov-Ivanov A, Ducza E, Márki A, Kothencz A, Balogh L, Gáspár R. Detection of stress and the effects of central nervous system depressants by gastrointestinal smooth muscle electromyography in wakeful rats. Life Sci 2018; 205:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Szűcs KF, Grosz G, Süle M, Nagy A, Tiszai Z, Samavati R, Gáspár R. Identification of myoelectric signals of pregnant rat uterus: new method to detect myometrial contraction. Croat Med J 2017; 58:141-148. [PMID: 28409497 PMCID: PMC5410739 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2017.58.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To develop an electromyography method for pregnant rat uterus in vivo and to separate myometrial signals from the gastrointestinal tract signals. Methods Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 8) were anaesthetized and their stomach, small intestine, and large intestine were removed from the abdomen. A pair of thread electrodes was inserted into the uterus, while a pair of disk electrodes was placed subcutaneously above the myometrium. Additionally, a strain gauge sensor was fixed on the surface of the myometrium and cecum for the parallel detection of mechanical contractions in rats (n = 18) with intact gastrointestinal tract. The filtered electric signals were amplified and recorded by an online computer system and analyzed by fast Fourier transformation. The frequency of the electric activity was characterized by cycle per minute (cpm), the magnitude of the activity was described as power spectrum density maximum (PsDmax). Results The frequency of the pregnant uterine activity was 1-3 cpm, which falls within the same range as that of cecum. Measuring by both electrodes, oxytocin (1 µg/kg) increased and terbutaline (50 µg/kg) decreased the PsDmax by 25%-50% (P < 0.001) and 25%-40% (P < 0.01), respectively. We found a strong positive correlation between the alterations of PsDmax values and the strain gauge sensor-detected mechanical contractions (area under curve). The GI specific compounds (neostigmine, atropine) mainly affected the cecal activity, while myometrium specific drugs (oxytocin, terbutaline) influenced the myometrial signals only. Conclusion Our method proved to be able to detect the myoelectric activity that reflects the mechanical contraction. The overlapping myometrial and cecal signals are not separable, but they can be distinguished based on the much higher activity and different pharmacological reactivity of the pregnant uterus. Thus, the early signs of contractions can be detected and labor may be predicted in a fast and sensitive way.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Róbert Gáspár
- Robert Gaspar, Eotvos Street 6., Szeged, H-6720, Hungary,
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