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Tekle M, Legesse M, Mamo G. Seropositivity, Comparison Between the Efficiency of Serological Tests and Risk Factors of Brucella Infection in Small Ruminants with History of Abortion in the Afar Region of North-Eastern Ethiopia. VETERINARY MEDICINE (AUCKLAND, N.Z.) 2023; 14:245-252. [PMID: 38196943 PMCID: PMC10775148 DOI: 10.2147/vmrr.s446714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Purpose Brucellosis is one of the most important reproductive diseases that cause abortion and breeding failure in small ruminants in Ethiopia. Therefore, our objective was to detect the seropositivity and risk factors of Brucella infection in small ruminants with history of abortion using modified RBPT, cELISA, and CFT in the Amibara district of the Afar Region, Ethiopia. Methods Sera were collected from 226 animals (195 goats and 31ewes) and assessed for seropositivity of Brucella infection using modified RBPT, CFT, and competitive ELISA. Results The overall seroprevalence was 12.0% (27 out of 226), 7.5% (17 out of 226), and 26.5% (60 out of 226) by mRBPT, CFT, and cELISA, respectively. Out of 27 sera that were reactive by mRBPT, 17 (63.0%) were also reactive by (CFT). Out of the 17 sera that were reactive by CFT and mRBPT, 14 (82.4%) were reactive by cELISA. Out of the 29 sera that were non-reactive by both mRBPT and CFT, 10 (34.5%) were found reactive by cELISA. Out of the 226 sera that were tested by both mRBPT and cELISA, 20 (8.9%) were reactive by both tests, while 159 (70.4%) were non-reactive by both tests. The percentage of test agreement (79.2%) between mRBPT and cELISA was poor (k=0.353). High seropositivity for Brucella infection was significantly associated with the presence of retained placenta in the studied animals (adjusted OR=2.2, 95% CI, 1.1-4.4, P=0.030) as detected by cELISA. Conclusion The current study revealed that a cELISA-based seroepidemiological survey increases the likelihood of detecting individuals with brucellosis and provides reliable evidence for mRBPT. Furthermore, there was a significant association between seropositivity for Brucella infection and retained placenta. These findings emphasize the necessity for proactive measures to reduce the economic impact of brucellosis and mitigate the risk of zoonotic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muluken Tekle
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, Ethiopia
| | - Mengistu Legesse
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Gezahegne Mamo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, Ethiopia
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Touloudi A, McGiven J, Cawthraw S, Valiakos G, Kostoulas P, Duncombe L, Gortázar C, Boadella M, Sofia M, Athanasakopoulou Z, Chatzopoulos DC, Spyrou V, Petrovska L, Billinis C. Development of a Multiplex Bead Assay to Detect Serological Responses to Brucella Species in Domestic Pigs and Wild Boar with the Potential to Overcome Cross-Reactivity with Yersinia enterocolitica O:9. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071362. [PMID: 35889081 PMCID: PMC9324436 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a multiplex bead assay using a Brucella rLPS antigen, a Brucella suis smooth antigen, and a Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 antigen that not only discriminates Brucella-infected from Brucella-uninfected pigs and wild boar, but also overcomes the cross reactivity with Y. enterocolitica O:9. Sera from 126 domestic pigs were tested: 29 pigs were Brucella infected, 80 were non-infected and 17 were confirmed to be false positive serological reactors (FPSR). Sera from 49 wild boar were tested: 18 were positive and 31 were negative. Using the rLPS antigen, 26/29 Brucella-infected domestic pigs and 15/18 seropositive wild boar were positive, while 75/80 non-Brucella infected domestic pigs, all FPSR, and all seronegative wild boar were negative. Using the smooth B. suis 1330 antigen, all Brucella-infected domestic pigs, 9/17 FPSR and all seropositive wild boar were positive, while all non-infected pigs and 30/31 seronegative wild boar were negative. The ratio of the readouts from the smooth B. suis antigen and Y. enterocolitica O:9 antigen enabled discriminating all Brucella infected individuals from the FPSR domestic pigs. These results demonstrate the potential of this assay for use in the surveillance of brucellosis, overcoming the cross-reactivity with Y. enterocolitica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Touloudi
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece; (A.T.); (G.V.); (M.S.); (Z.A.)
| | - John McGiven
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, OIE/FAO Brucellosis Reference Laboratory, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK; (J.M.); (S.C.); (L.D.)
| | - Shaun Cawthraw
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, OIE/FAO Brucellosis Reference Laboratory, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK; (J.M.); (S.C.); (L.D.)
| | - George Valiakos
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece; (A.T.); (G.V.); (M.S.); (Z.A.)
| | - Polychronis Kostoulas
- Faculty of Public and One Health, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece; (P.K.); (D.C.C.)
| | - Lucy Duncombe
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, OIE/FAO Brucellosis Reference Laboratory, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK; (J.M.); (S.C.); (L.D.)
| | - Christian Gortázar
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain;
| | | | - Marina Sofia
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece; (A.T.); (G.V.); (M.S.); (Z.A.)
| | - Zoi Athanasakopoulou
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece; (A.T.); (G.V.); (M.S.); (Z.A.)
| | - Dimitris C. Chatzopoulos
- Faculty of Public and One Health, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece; (P.K.); (D.C.C.)
| | - Vassiliki Spyrou
- Faculty of Animal Science, University of Thessaly, 412 22 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Liljana Petrovska
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, OIE/FAO Brucellosis Reference Laboratory, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK; (J.M.); (S.C.); (L.D.)
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (C.B.)
| | - Charalambos Billinis
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece; (A.T.); (G.V.); (M.S.); (Z.A.)
- Faculty of Public and One Health, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece; (P.K.); (D.C.C.)
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (C.B.)
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Tulu D. Bovine Brucellosis: Epidemiology, Public Health Implications, and Status of Brucellosis in Ethiopia. Vet Med (Auckl) 2022; 13:21-30. [PMID: 35028300 PMCID: PMC8752066 DOI: 10.2147/vmrr.s347337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a globally distributed zoonotic disease that causes serious problems in developing countries such as Ethiopia. Brucella abortus is the primary cause of brucellosis in cattle, and Brucella melitensis and Brucella suis also occasionally cause Brucella infection in cattle. Abortion and the retained fetal membrane are typical signs in females, whereas orchitis and bursitis are the known signs in male cattle. Brucellosis is typically transmitted to healthy cattle by direct or indirect contact with diseased cattle or their discharges. Humans can acquire brucellosis through the consumption of unpasteurized milk or milk products, and through contact with diseased cattle or their discharges. The occurrence of bovine brucellosis is affected by different factors related to the management system, host, and environmental factors. In Ethiopia, the occurrence of brucellosis is high in pastoral and mixed cattle management systems, wherever humans live closely with cattle and so have a higher probability of picking up the Brucella organism. The most suitable technique in the management of Brucella infection is the vaccination of young female cattle. Brucella abortus can also be eradicated by the isolation of diseased cattle, administration of immunizing agents, and test-and-slaughter methods. Therefore, it is important to implement applicable management techniques and to increase public awareness about the transmission of brucellosis, and further research should be conducted on brucellosis in high-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dereje Tulu
- Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Tepi Agricultural Research Center, Tepi, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Dereje Tulu Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Tepi Agricultural Research Center, PO Box 34, Tepi, Ethiopia Email
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Islam MS, Islam MA, Khatun MM, Saha S, Basir MS, Hasan MM. Molecular Detection of Brucella spp. from Milk of Seronegative Cows from Some Selected Area in Bangladesh. J Pathog 2018; 2018:9378976. [PMID: 29568653 PMCID: PMC5820567 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9378976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is endemic in Bangladesh both in humans and in animals. A number of reasons complicate the diagnosis, as bovine brucellosis can be diagnosed by various serological tests. But the tests have a limitation; when the organism remains intracellular, the disease goes into chronic stage and the antibody titres may decline. The present study was conducted for isolation and detection of Brucella spp. by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from seronegative cows. A total of 360 dairy cows from three geographical regions were screened serologically by Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) where 24 samples were serologically positive and the rest of the samples were serologically negative. Among the 24 seropositive individuals, 11 were culture positive and 6 were culture positive from serologically negative dairy cows. The overall seroprevalence of brucellosis in cattle was 6.6% and in disease condition a higher prevalence was recorded in abortion (28.07%) followed by infertility (13.33%). To confirm the Brucella spp. in seronegative dairy cattle, the isolates were extracted and PCR was conducted, which produced 905 bp amplicon size of 6 Brucella spp. from milk sample. So, for the detection or eradication of brucellosis, a bacteriological test and a PCR technique should be performed with the serological test of milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Sadequl Islam
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
- Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ariful Islam
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mst. Minara Khatun
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Sukumar Saha
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Samiul Basir
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md- Mahmodul Hasan
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
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Madzingira O, Sezuni PM. Serological prevalence and public health significance of brucellosis on a dairy farm in Namibia from 2011 to 2014. BMC Res Notes 2017; 10:620. [PMID: 29178929 PMCID: PMC5702218 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-2933-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main objective of this study was to determine the serological prevalence of brucellosis on a dairy farm with no past history of abortions, but where Brucella control measures including test and slaughter and vaccination of heifers at 4-8 months of age was practiced. Secondary data from 2011 to 2014 obtained from the Epidemiology Section of the Directorate of Veterinary Services was used. RESULTS Mandatory annual brucellosis testing results for mature dairy cows on a dairy farm for the period 2011-2014 were collated and analyzed. Results of a total of 6912 cows were analysed. The data comprised of the year of testing, number of cows tested for Brucella antibodies and the number of cows that tested positive. Serological testing was carried out using the Rose Bengal Test (RBT) as a screening test and the Complement Fixation Test as a confirmatory test for results that tested positive on the RBPT. Over the 4-year period, one dairy cow tested positive for Brucella antibodies in 2013 giving an apparent prevalence of 0.05% and an overall prevalence of 0.01%. When apparent prevalence was adjusted for RBPT test specificity and sensitivity of 71 and 78% respectively, true prevalence was determined to be zero.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Madzingira
- Department of Animal Health, University of Namibia, P. Bag 1096, Ngweze, Katima Mulilo Namibia
| | - Precious Mupoti Sezuni
- Department of Animal Health, University of Namibia, P. Bag 1096, Ngweze, Katima Mulilo Namibia
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Arif S, Heller J, Hernandez-Jover M, McGill DM, Thomson PC. Evaluation of three serological tests for diagnosis of bovine brucellosis in smallholder farms in Pakistan by estimating sensitivity and specificity using Bayesian latent class analysis. Prev Vet Med 2017; 149:21-28. [PMID: 29290297 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to estimate the herd-level sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of three commonly used serological tests in naturally-infected cattle and buffalo in smallholder farms in Pakistan. Between February and June 2015, a cross-sectional study was carried out in five districts of Punjab (Kasur, Okara, Pakpattan, Jhelum, and Bhakkar) and two districts of Sindh (Badin and Thatta). Serum samples from mixed farms of cattle (n=441) and buffalo (n=621) were collected and tested using the Rose Bengal test (RBT), indirect ELISA (I-ELISA) and competitive ELISA (C-ELISA). A Bayesian latent class analysis (LCA) approach was used to estimate the Se and Sp of these three serological tests and the true herd-level prevalence in each district. The model was fitted under the assumption of conditional independence between three tests and also conditional dependence by including covariances between the two ELISAs. In addition, the model was fitted using three different shapes of beta distributions to incorporate prior information in the model. The test with the highest Se was the C-ELISA, with a range from 76.3% (95% PCI (Posterior Credibility Interval), 62.6-88.2%) to 81.4% (95% PCI, 68.2-92.8%). The RBT was found to have the highest Sp (99.1-99.4%) of the tests. The highest estimated herd-level prevalence, 45% (95% PCI, 32-59%), was found in Jhelum district and the lowest in Thatta district, 1.1% (95% PCI 0.04-6.0%). The results of this study identified some discrepancy between the published literature on the level of Se of these tests, especially for RBT. It appears that RBT has lower Se and higher Sp when used in the field conditions of the present study. Consequently, it is recommended that none of the evaluated tests should be performed in isolation for the diagnosis of bovine brucellosis in the field conditions of Pakistan, but the use of tests in combination, with RBT and C-ELISA used in parallel returning optimal Se and Sp, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumaila Arif
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia; Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Jane Heller
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia; Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marta Hernandez-Jover
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia; Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David M McGill
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter C Thomson
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia
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7
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A Bacterial Glycoengineered Antigen for Improved Serodiagnosis of Porcine Brucellosis. J Clin Microbiol 2016; 54:1448-1455. [PMID: 26984975 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00151-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a highly zoonotic disease that affects animals and human beings. Brucella suis is the etiological agent of porcine brucellosis and one of the major human brucellosis pathogens. Laboratory diagnosis of porcine brucellosis mainly relies on serological tests, and it has been widely demonstrated that serological assays based on the detection of anti O-polysaccharide antibodies are the most sensitive tests. Here, we validate a recombinant glycoprotein antigen, an N-formylperosamine O-polysaccharide-protein conjugate (OAg-AcrA), for diagnosis of porcine brucellosis. An indirect immunoassay based on the detection of anti-O-polysaccharide IgG antibodies was developed coupling OAg-AcrA to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay plates (glyco-iELISA). To validate the assay, 563 serum samples obtained from experimentally infected and immunized pigs, as well as animals naturally infected with B. suis biovar 1 or 2, were tested. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed, and based on this analysis, the optimum cutoff value was 0.56 (relative reactivity), which resulted in a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 99.7%, respectively. A cutoff value of 0.78 resulted in a test sensitivity of 98.4% and a test specificity of 100%. Overall, our results demonstrate that the glyco-iELISA is highly accurate for diagnosis of porcine brucellosis, improving the diagnostic performance of current serological tests. The recombinant glycoprotein OAg-AcrA can be produced in large homogeneous batches in a standardized way, making it an ideal candidate for further validation as a universal antigen for diagnosis of "smooth" brucellosis in animals and humans.
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Ducrotoy MJ, Conde-Álvarez R, Blasco JM, Moriyón I. A review of the basis of the immunological diagnosis of ruminant brucellosis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2016; 171:81-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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9
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Retrospective analysis of the prevalence of Brucella antibodies in sheep in the Karas Region of Namibia. Trop Anim Health Prod 2015; 47:1117-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-015-0838-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Epidemiology and the Agreement Rate of Serological Tests in Human Brucellosis in North East of Iran. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2015. [DOI: 10.5812/archcid.10(2)2015.20239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Epidemiology and the Agreement Rate of Serological Tests in Human Brucellosis in North East of Iran. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2015. [DOI: 10.5812/archcid.20239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Diagnostic performance of serological tests for swine brucellosis in the presence of false positive serological reactions. J Microbiol Methods 2015; 111:57-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Dieste-Pérez L, Barberán M, Muñoz PM, Moriyón I, Blasco JM. Clinical and histological features of brucellin skin test responses in Brucella suis biovar 2 infected pigs. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2014; 163:77-85. [PMID: 25480681 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Current serological tests for swine brucellosis detect antibodies to the Brucella O-polysaccharide (O/PS). However, when infections by bacteria carrying cross-reacting O/PS occur, these tests suffer from false positive serological reactions (FPSR), and the skin test with Brucella soluble protein extracts is the best diagnostic alternative to differentiate true Brucella suis infections from FPSR in pigs. Since this test has been seldom used in B. suis infected swine, the clinical and histological features involved have not been described properly. Here, we describe the clinical and histological events in B. suis biovar 2 infected pigs skin tested with a cytosoluble O/PS free protein extract from rough Brucella abortus Tn5::per mutant. A similar extract from rough Ochrobactrum intermedium was also used for comparative purposes. No relevant differences were evidenced between the homologous and heterologous allergens, and the main clinical feature was an elevated area of the skin showing different induration degrees. Moreover, an important vascular reaction with hyperemia and haemorrhage was produced in most infected sows 24-48 h after inoculation, thus facilitating the clinical interpretation of positive reactions. Histologically, combined immediate (type III) and delayed (type IV) hypersensitivity reactions were identified as the most relevant feature of the inflammatory responses produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Dieste-Pérez
- Unidad de Sanidad Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria (CITA) del Gobierno de Aragón, Av. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M Barberán
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - P M Muñoz
- Unidad de Sanidad Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria (CITA) del Gobierno de Aragón, Av. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - I Moriyón
- Instituto de Salud Tropical y Departamento Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - J M Blasco
- Unidad de Sanidad Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria (CITA) del Gobierno de Aragón, Av. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain.
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Thermostable cross-protective subunit vaccine against Brucella species. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2014; 21:1681-8. [PMID: 25320267 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00447-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A subunit vaccine candidate was produced from Brucella suis 145 (biovar 4; expressing both the A antigen of Brucella abortus and the M antigen of Brucella melitensis). The preparation consisted mostly of polysaccharide (PS; >90% [wt/wt]; both cell-associated PS and exo-PS were combined) and a small amount of protein (1 to 3%) with no apparent nucleic acids. Vaccinated mice were protected (these had a statistically significant reduction in bacterial colonization compared to that of unvaccinated controls) when challenged with representative strains of three Brucella species most pathogenic for humans, i.e., B. abortus, B. melitensis, and B. suis. As little as 1 ng of the vaccine, without added adjuvant, protected mice against B. suis 145 infection (5 × 10(5) CFU), and a single injection of 1 μg of this subunit vaccine protected mice from B. suis 145 challenge for at least 14 months. A single immunization induced a serum IgG response to Brucella antigens that remained elevated for up to 9 weeks. The use of heat (i.e., boiling-water bath, autoclaving) in the vaccine preparation showed that it was thermostable. This method also ensured safety and security. The vaccine produced was immunogenic and highly protective against multiple strains of Brucella and represents a promising candidate for further evaluation.
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Immunoproteomics of Brucella abortus RB51 as candidate antigens in serological diagnosis of brucellosis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2014; 160:218-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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16
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Dieste-Pérez L, Blasco J, De Miguel M, Marín C, Barberán M, Conde-Álvarez R, Moriyón I, Muñoz P. Performance of skin tests with allergens from B. melitensis B115 and rough B. abortus mutants for diagnosing swine brucellosis. Vet Microbiol 2014; 168:161-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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McGiven JA, Nicola A, Commander NJ, Duncombe L, Taylor AV, Villari S, Dainty A, Thirlwall R, Bouzelmat N, Perrett LL, Brew SD, Stack JA. An evaluation of the capability of existing and novel serodiagnostic methods for porcine brucellosis to reduce false positive serological reactions. Vet Microbiol 2012; 160:378-86. [PMID: 22763172 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Porcine brucellosis is a zoonotic disease of truly global significance because even in countries without the disease the occurrence of false positive serological reactions (FPSRs) creates significant problems. Statutory diagnostic testing is required in many disease free countries or regions and is often a prerequisite for the movement of live animals. Currently this testing is dependent almost entirely on serological assays and these may result in a significant number of FPSRs. The aim of this study was to examine existing and novel serodiagnostic assays to evaluate their diagnostic sensitivity and resilience to FPSRs. The existing assays evaluated were the RBT, smooth lipopolysaccharide (sLPS) indirect (i) ELISA, sLPS competitive (c) ELISA, and the FPA. The novel assays evaluated were the sLPS TR-FRET assay, a rough (r) LPS iELISA, a recombinant protein BP26 iELISA and a cytoplasmic protein extract (Brucellergene™) iELISA. Four populations of sera were evaluated: those from Brucella suis infected swine (n=34), randomly selected samples from non-infected swine (n=161), sera from non-infected swine within herds exhibiting FPSRs (n=132) and sera from swine experimentally infected with Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 (n=4). The results show that all the assays dependent on the sLPS O-polysaccharide (OPS) for their sensitivity (the RBT, sLPS ELISAs, FPA and the sLPS TR-FRET) had significantly reduced diagnostic specificity when applied to the FPSR population, the RBT being most affected. Of the two rapid homogeneous assays, the TR-FRET was diagnostically superior to the FPA in this study. Neither of the protein based iELISAs demonstrated sufficient diagnostic sensitivity to resolve the FPSRs. The rLPS iELISA showed no cross reaction with the FPSRs and had diagnostic sensitivity similar to that of the OPS based assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A McGiven
- Animal Health Veterinary Laboratories Agency (OIE Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, WHO/FAO Collaborating Centre for Brucellosis), Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Weybridge, Surrey KT15 2NB, UK.
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Naves JHFDF, Rezende LM, Ramos GC, Soares PM, Tavares TCF, França AMS, Neves SMN, Silva NAM, Lima-Ribeiro AMC. Interference in diagnostic tests for brucellosis in cattle recently vaccinated against leptospirosis. J Vet Diagn Invest 2012; 24:283-7. [PMID: 22379045 DOI: 10.1177/1040638711432004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to verify if cattle vaccinated against leptospirosis may react in diagnostic tests for brucellosis. Sixty cows were divided into 5 groups, each comprising 12 animals. Four groups were given different vaccines against leptospirosis, while the control group received only saline. Two doses of vaccine were given, as recommended by the manufacturers. Serum samples were collected on the first day of immunization (day 0) and on postvaccination days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 96, and 126. All the serum samples were tested for brucellosis and leptospirosis. Twenty animals were reactive at least once to the Rose Bengal test, but by day 96, no further reactions were elicited by this test. Twenty-six samples were reactive to the Rose Bengal test, but only 7 remained positive in confirmatory tests: 1 to the 2-mercaptoethanol test, 2 to the fluorescence polarization assay, and 6 to indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. None of the samples was reactive in the complement fixation test. None of the animals in the control group was reactive. A significant difference was found between the control group and the groups vaccinated against leptospirosis, according to Fisher exact test. However, the groups were found to respond independently of the vaccine brand. The results indicate that cattle vaccinated against leptospirosis may show reactivity on screening tests for brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao Helder Frederico de Faria Naves
- Federal University of Uberlândia, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Collaborating Centre of Agricultural Protection in Central Brazil, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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Muma JB, Pandey GS, Munyeme M, Mumba C, Mkandawire E, Chimana HM. Brucellosis among smallholder cattle farmers in Zambia. Trop Anim Health Prod 2011; 44:915-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-011-9987-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Köppel C, Knopf L, Ryser MP, Miserez R, Thür B, Stärk KDC. Serosurveillance for selected infectious disease agents in wild boars (Sus scrofa) and outdoor pigs in Switzerland. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-006-0080-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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